Article(id=1147999678551028488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999670040781819, articleNumber=1000-8063(2024)03-0040-05, orderNo=null, doi=10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.01.02, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704729600000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751634052169, onlineDateStr=2025-07-04, pubDate=1724083200000, pubDateStr=2024-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751634052169, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-04, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751634052169, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751634052169, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1147999670040781819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, year='2024', volume='43', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='130', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1751634050139, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1759123774979, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1179413852954440623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999670040781819, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1179413852954440624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999670040781819, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=40, endPage=44, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1147999678853018408, articleId=1147999678551028488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=EN, title=Adsorption Performance of Salicylic Acid Chelating Resin for Uranium, columnId=1175805041752556213, journalTitle=Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, columnName=MINING AND HYDROMETALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

For the salicylic acid chelating resin, the specific surface area and pore size were determined using low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption method; and its thermodynamic stability was examined. The effects of solution pH and ρ(Cl-) on its uranium adsorption performance were studied, and its adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and desorption performance were also investigated. The results show that the specific surface area of salicylic acid chelating resin is 32.34 m2/g, and the pore size is 32.08 nm, The salicylic acid chelated resin has good thermal stability when the temperature is below 180 ℃. When the pH is in the range of 7~9, the resin has good adsorption performance, and the uranium adsorption capacity can reach 14.1 mg/g dry resin. The presence of Cl- can reduce the adsorption capacity for uranium. When the ρ(Cl-) is 3.0 g/L, the uranium adsorption capacity decrease by about 9.2%. When the equilibrium ρ(U) in solution is 400 mg/L, the uranium adsorption capacity of the resin reach its maximum, at 153 mg/g dry resin. After 20 h adsorption, the adsorption process reach equilibrium. Both acidic and alkaline desorption agents show good desorption performance for resins, with desorption rates both above 94%. For the real uranium leaching solution with ρ(U) of 21.2 mg/L and ρ(Cl-) of 3.36 g/L, the uranium adsorption capacity of the salicylic acid chelating resin can reach 14.7 mg/g dry resin after 24 h adsorption, indicating good uranium adsorption performance.

, correspAuthors=Shusen CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Fengju WANG, Shusen CHEN, Yan SONG, Ziming LI, Haotian WU, Hao LI, He LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1147999681180856343, articleId=1147999678551028488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=CN, title=水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附性能, columnId=1175805041991631542, journalTitle=铀矿冶, columnName=开采·选冶, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=利用低温氮气吸附—脱附法测定水杨酸螯合树脂的比表面积、孔径;考察了水杨酸螯合树脂的热力学稳定性;研究了溶液pH、ρ(Cl-)对水杨酸螯合树脂铀吸附性能的影响,以及树脂的吸附等温线、吸附动力学及解吸性能。结果表明:水杨酸螯合树脂的比表面积为32.34 m2/g,孔径为32.08 nm,当温度低于180 ℃时,水杨酸螯合树脂具有良好的热稳定性;在pH为7~9时,树脂吸附性能较好,铀吸附量达14.1 mg/g(以干树脂计,下同);Cl-的存在会降低树脂对铀的吸附量,当ρ(Cl-)为3.0 g/L时,铀吸附量降低约9.9%;当铀溶液的平衡浓度为400 mg/L时,树脂的铀吸附量达到最大,为153 mg/g;吸附20 h,吸附过程达到平衡。酸性解吸剂与碱性解吸剂对树脂均具有良好的解吸性能,解吸率均在94%以上。在ρ(U)=21.2 mg/L、ρ(Cl-)=3.36 g/L的真实铀浸出液中吸附24 h,水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量达14.7 mg/g,具有较好的铀吸附性能。, correspAuthors=陈树森, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
陈树森(1978—),男,辽宁葫芦岛人,博士,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为有机/高分子分离材料研发。
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王凤菊(1984—),女,山东济南人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为功能高分子材料研发。

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王凤菊(1984—),女,山东济南人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为功能高分子材料研发。

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王凤菊(1984—),女,山东济南人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为功能高分子材料研发。

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journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999678551028488, language=CN, label=图5, caption=水杨酸螯合树脂的吸附动力学曲线, figureFileSmall=N9dOJIIy4RvMMIeguvte0g==, figureFileBig=d9O5CEAJGkKVkxgibPBhUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179491154476285988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999678551028488, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Desorption performance of salicylic acid chelating resin under different desorption conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解吸条件 树脂中的铀吸附量/(mg/g) 解吸液中ρ(U)/(mg/L) 解吸率%
3 g/L Na2CO3 +1 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.3 94.33
3 g/L Na2CO3 +1.5 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.7 97.16
3 g/L H2SO4 +1 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.6 96.45
3 g/L H2SO4 +1.5 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.9 98.58
), ArticleFig(id=1179491154551783461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999678551028488, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同解吸条件下水杨酸螯合树脂的解吸性能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解吸条件 树脂中的铀吸附量/(mg/g) 解吸液中ρ(U)/(mg/L) 解吸率%
3 g/L Na2CO3 +1 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.3 94.33
3 g/L Na2CO3 +1.5 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.7 97.16
3 g/L H2SO4 +1 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.6 96.45
3 g/L H2SO4 +1.5 mol/L NaCl 14.1 13.9 98.58
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水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附性能
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王凤菊 , 陈树森 , 宋艳 , 李子明 , 吴浩天 , 李昊 , 李壑
铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2024,43(3): 40-44
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铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2024, 43(3): 40-44
水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附性能
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王凤菊, 陈树森, 宋艳, 李子明, 吴浩天, 李昊, 李壑
作者信息
  • 核工业北京化工冶金研究院, 北京 101149
  • 王凤菊(1984—),女,山东济南人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为功能高分子材料研发。

通讯作者:

陈树森(1978—),男,辽宁葫芦岛人,博士,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为有机/高分子分离材料研发。
Adsorption Performance of Salicylic Acid Chelating Resin for Uranium
Fengju WANG, Shusen CHEN, Yan SONG, Ziming LI, Haotian WU, Hao LI, He LI
Affiliations
  • Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, CNNC, Beijing 101149, China
出版时间: 2024-08-20 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.01.02
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利用低温氮气吸附—脱附法测定水杨酸螯合树脂的比表面积、孔径;考察了水杨酸螯合树脂的热力学稳定性;研究了溶液pH、ρ(Cl-)对水杨酸螯合树脂铀吸附性能的影响,以及树脂的吸附等温线、吸附动力学及解吸性能。结果表明:水杨酸螯合树脂的比表面积为32.34 m2/g,孔径为32.08 nm,当温度低于180 ℃时,水杨酸螯合树脂具有良好的热稳定性;在pH为7~9时,树脂吸附性能较好,铀吸附量达14.1 mg/g(以干树脂计,下同);Cl-的存在会降低树脂对铀的吸附量,当ρ(Cl-)为3.0 g/L时,铀吸附量降低约9.9%;当铀溶液的平衡浓度为400 mg/L时,树脂的铀吸附量达到最大,为153 mg/g;吸附20 h,吸附过程达到平衡。酸性解吸剂与碱性解吸剂对树脂均具有良好的解吸性能,解吸率均在94%以上。在ρ(U)=21.2 mg/L、ρ(Cl-)=3.36 g/L的真实铀浸出液中吸附24 h,水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量达14.7 mg/g,具有较好的铀吸附性能。
水杨酸  /  螯合  /  树脂  /  铀  /  吸附  /  浸出液

For the salicylic acid chelating resin, the specific surface area and pore size were determined using low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption method; and its thermodynamic stability was examined. The effects of solution pH and ρ(Cl-) on its uranium adsorption performance were studied, and its adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and desorption performance were also investigated. The results show that the specific surface area of salicylic acid chelating resin is 32.34 m2/g, and the pore size is 32.08 nm, The salicylic acid chelated resin has good thermal stability when the temperature is below 180 ℃. When the pH is in the range of 7~9, the resin has good adsorption performance, and the uranium adsorption capacity can reach 14.1 mg/g dry resin. The presence of Cl- can reduce the adsorption capacity for uranium. When the ρ(Cl-) is 3.0 g/L, the uranium adsorption capacity decrease by about 9.2%. When the equilibrium ρ(U) in solution is 400 mg/L, the uranium adsorption capacity of the resin reach its maximum, at 153 mg/g dry resin. After 20 h adsorption, the adsorption process reach equilibrium. Both acidic and alkaline desorption agents show good desorption performance for resins, with desorption rates both above 94%. For the real uranium leaching solution with ρ(U) of 21.2 mg/L and ρ(Cl-) of 3.36 g/L, the uranium adsorption capacity of the salicylic acid chelating resin can reach 14.7 mg/g dry resin after 24 h adsorption, indicating good uranium adsorption performance.

salicylic acid  /  chelate  /  resin  /  uranium  /  adsorption  /  leaching solution
王凤菊, 陈树森, 宋艳, 李子明, 吴浩天, 李昊, 李壑. 水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附性能. 铀矿冶, 2024 , 43 (3) : 40 -44 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.01.02
Fengju WANG, Shusen CHEN, Yan SONG, Ziming LI, Haotian WU, Hao LI, He LI. Adsorption Performance of Salicylic Acid Chelating Resin for Uranium[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2024 , 43 (3) : 40 -44 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.01.02
一般采用离子交换法从铀矿浸出液中提取铀[1-2],然而铀矿浸出液成分复杂,当浸出液中杂离子浓度过高时,杂离子可能被优先交换,进而影响离子交换树脂对铀酰离子的吸附能力[3-4]。螯合树脂是一类官能团中存在O、N、S或P等原子的树脂[5],这些原子含有未成键孤对电子,因铀酰离子具有未成键的空轨道,螯合树脂上的原子能与铀酰离子形成稳定的多配体配合物。因此,与常规离子交换树脂相比,螯合树脂与金属离子的结合力更强,选择性也更高[6]
水杨酸分子存在酚羟基和羧酸结构,具有双螯合配体结构,极易与过渡金属离子、重金属离子、稀土金属离子形成稳定的配合物[7-8]。在静电作用与螯合作用的协同作用下,水杨酸螯合树脂(ASA-CPS)对重金属离子具有很强的吸附能力,常温下对Fe3+吸附容量可达0.21 g/g;在可避免金属离子水解的pH范围内,随着介质pH的增大,ASA-CPS的吸附能力增强;树脂对不同金属离子的吸附能力顺序为Fe3+>Ni2+>Cu2+>Zn2+[9-12]。水杨酸螯合树脂可同时吸附A13+和Fe3+,且对A13+和Fe3+的吸附容量相差不大[13]。接枝水杨酸树脂和膜材料对Fe3+均具有较好吸附效果,其中接枝水杨酸膜材料对Fe3+的配合能力为(13.4±0.7)mg/g,而相应树脂材料对Fe3+的配合能力为(11.6±0.6)mg/g[14]
水杨酸螯合树脂具有良好的螯合吸附能力。若将水杨酸螯合树脂用于吸附浸出液中的铀,或可避免铀矿浸出液中杂质离子的干扰,实现从铀矿浸出液中选择性提取铀,解决树脂吸附铀效率低的问题。试验以自制水杨酸螯合树脂为对象,考察了树脂对溶液中铀的吸附性能、饱和树脂解吸性能,并研究了树脂对浸出液中铀的吸附效果。
试验原料和试剂:U3O8(≥99.8%),中核二七二铀业有限责任公司;氯化钠、浓硫酸、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠等均为分析纯,上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司。
试验仪器:Gemini V2.00型全自动比表面积和孔隙分析仪,美国Micromeritics仪器公司;TGA 2型热重分析仪,Mettler Toledo公司;DHG-9145A型电热恒温鼓风干燥箱,上海林频仪器股份有限公司;PHS-25型酸度计,北京精微博科技有限公司;KS 4000ic型恒温摇床,德国IKA公司。
利用BET检测法测定水杨酸螯合树脂的比表面积、孔径和孔容。样品在100 ℃下,脱气处理24 h,采用低温氮气吸附—脱附法测量。
用热重分析仪分析水杨酸螯合树脂的热力学稳定性。取3~10 mg水杨酸螯合树脂加入到热重分析仪的试样皿中,在N2气氛下,以10 ℃/min的升温速度加热至800 ℃,根据测试结果绘制热重曲线。
配制18.2 mg/L的铀溶液,分别取10份115 mL的铀溶液置于烧杯中,用稀H2SO4、Na2CO3溶液调节其pH分别为2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11。然后分别取100 mL不同pH的溶液加入到盛有0.1 g水杨酸螯合树脂的10个锥形瓶中,25 ℃下摇床振荡吸附24 h,分析吸附后溶液中的铀质量浓度,计算不同pH下水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量。
配制18.2 mg/L的铀酰溶液,调节其pH为7。分别取115 mL该铀溶液,加入适量NaCl,保证ρ(Cl-)分别为0、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0 g/L。然后分别取100 mL不同ρ(Cl-)的铀溶液加入到盛有0.1 g水杨酸螯合树脂的6个锥形瓶中,25 ℃下摇床振荡吸附24 h。分析吸附后溶液中的铀质量浓度,计算不同Cl-浓度下水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量。
分别配制质量浓度为20、50、100、200、300、400、500、600、800 mg/L的铀溶液,调节溶液pH为7。分别取100 mL配制好的铀溶液加入到盛有0.1 g水杨酸螯合树脂的9个锥形瓶中,25 ℃下摇床振荡吸附24 h。分析吸附后溶液中的铀质量浓度,计算不同初始铀浓度下水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量,绘制吸附等温线。
在12个具塞锥形瓶中,分别加入0.1 g水杨酸螯合树脂。将100 mL、18.2 mg/L的铀溶液(pH为7)加入到锥形瓶中,25 ℃下摇床振荡吸附,从各锥形瓶中定时取样[15],分析取出液中的铀质量浓度,计算不同吸附时间下水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量,绘制吸附动力学曲线。
将吸附铀达到平衡的水杨酸螯合树脂,用去离子水洗涤3次,分析树脂中的铀含量。将相同条件下达到吸附平衡的水杨酸螯合树脂用去离子水洗涤3次,滤纸吸干外部水分后,分别量取0.1 g加入到分别盛有100 mL不同解吸剂(3 g/L Na2CO3 +1 mol/L NaCl、3 g/L Na2CO3 +1.5 mol/L NaCl、3 g/L H2SO4 +1 mol/L NaCl、3 g/L H2SO4 +1.5 mol/L NaCl)的锥形瓶中,25 ℃下摇床振荡,解吸6 h。分析解吸液中的铀质量浓度,计算解吸率。
根据真实铀矿浸出液中的离子情况,配制铀质量浓度为16.4 mg/L、ρ(Cl-)为3.0 g/L的模拟铀浸出液,调节pH为7。取0.1 g水杨酸螯合树脂加入到100 mL模拟铀浸出液中,25 ℃下摇床振荡吸附24 h,分析吸附后溶液中的铀质量浓度,计算树脂的铀吸附量。
某真实铀浸出液组分:ρ(U)=21.2 mg/L,ρ(Cl-)=3.36 g/L,ρ(${\mathrm{SO}}_{4}^{2-}$)=3.16 g/L,ρ(${\mathrm{HCO}}_{3}^{-}$)=0.179 g/L,ρ(Ca)=0.666 g/L,ρ(Mg)=0.317 g/L。取0.1 g水杨酸螯合树脂加入到100 mL浸出液中,25 ℃下摇床振荡吸附24 h,分析吸附后溶液中的铀质量浓度,计算树脂的铀吸附量。
用BET法进行测定,水杨酸螯合树脂的比表面积为32.34 m2/g,孔容为0.259 4 cm3/g,孔径为32.08 nm。
水杨酸螯合树脂的热失重曲线见图1。可以看出,在184 ℃时,水杨酸螯合树脂出现热分解,主要是水杨酸官能团的分解;在403 ℃时,氯化苯乙烯骨架结构的分解,该热分解过程到460 ℃时结束,此时剩余质量百分数约为14.1%,剩余物主要是反应过程中未被取代的Cl。综合分析可知,水杨酸螯合树脂在低于180 ℃时,具有良好的热稳定性。
pH对水杨酸螯合树脂吸附性能的影响见图2。可以看出,水杨酸螯合树脂在pH为7~9时,对铀的吸附性能较好,铀吸附量最高可达14.1 mg/g(以干树脂计,下同);随着铀溶液酸性或碱性的增强,水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附能力降低。当pH过高时,铀以碳酸铀酰形式存在,水杨酸螯合树脂中的螯合基团与铀的作用不足以破坏碳酸铀酰的稳定性(碳酸铀酰的稳定常数为2×1018)[16];而当pH过低时,水杨酸螯合树脂中的胺基易被质子化,螯合基团中只有O发挥螯合作用,螯合作用减弱,对铀的吸附量降低。
铀溶液中存在的ρ(Cl-)对水杨酸螯合树脂吸附性能的影响见图3。可以看出,Cl-的存在会影响水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附,降低树脂的铀吸附量。当ρ(Cl-)=3.0 g/L时,树脂的铀吸附量由最初的14.1 mg/g降为12.7 mg/g,铀吸附量降低约9.9%;当ρ(Cl-)=5.0 g/L时,铀吸附量降至12.2 mg/g,降低约13.5%。
水杨酸螯合树脂的吸附等温线见图4。可以看出,随着铀溶液平衡浓度的升高,水杨酸螯合树脂对铀的吸附容量增大,当铀溶液的平衡质量浓度达到400 mg/L时,树脂吸附达到平衡,铀吸附量达到最大,此时水杨酸螯合树脂的吸附量为153 mg/g。
水杨酸螯合树脂的吸附动力学曲线见图5
图5可看出,在一定范围内,随着吸附时间的延长,水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量增大。当吸附时间达到20 h时,吸附达到平衡,此时水杨酸螯合树脂的铀吸附量为14.2 mg/g。
在不同解吸条件下,水杨酸螯合树脂的解吸性能见表1。可以看出,分别以3 g/L Na2CO3 +1 mol/L NaCl、3 g/L Na2CO3 +1.5 mol/L NaCl、3 g/L H2SO4+1 mol/L NaCl、3 g/L H2SO4 +1.5 mol/L NaCl作解吸剂,解吸水杨酸螯合树脂上吸附的铀,解吸率分别为94.33%、97.16%、96.45%、98.58%。酸性解吸剂与碱性解吸剂对水杨酸螯合树脂的解吸率相差不大。
研究了水杨酸螯合树脂在模拟铀浸出液和真实铀浸出液中的吸附情况。0.1 g的水杨酸螯合树脂在ρ(U)=16.4 mg/L、ρ(Cl-)=3.0 g/L的模拟浸出液中吸附24 h,铀吸附量为11.4 mg/g;在ρ(U)=21.2 mg/L、ρ(Cl-)=3.36 g/L的真实铀浸出液中吸附24 h,铀吸附量可达到14.7 mg/g。水杨酸螯合树脂对有Cl-存在的真实铀矿浸出液中的铀也具有较好的吸附性能。
具有双螯合配体结构的水杨酸螯合树脂,热稳定性良好,可在pH为7~9的浸出液中吸附铀。对吸附铀饱和的水杨酸螯合树脂,可用碱性解吸剂(Na2CO3+NaCl)或酸性解吸剂(H2SO4+NaCl)进行解吸,解吸率均在94%以上。水杨酸螯合树脂在ρ(U)=21.2 mg/L、ρ(Cl-)=3.36 g/L及其他杂离子存在的真实铀浸出液中吸附24 h,铀吸附量达14.7 mg/g,具有良好的铀吸附性能。
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2024年第43卷第3期
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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.01.02
  • 接收时间:2024-01-09
  • 首发时间:2025-07-04
  • 出版时间:2024-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-09
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    核工业北京化工冶金研究院, 北京 101149

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陈树森(1978—),男,辽宁葫芦岛人,博士,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为有机/高分子分离材料研发。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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