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Article(id=1307033149523915238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, issueId=1307033095836823737, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.08.0129.05, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735488000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-30, revisedDate=1747324800000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-16, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789550586347, onlineDateStr=2026-09-16, pubDate=1784044800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789550586347, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789550586347, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789550586347, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1307033095836823737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, year='2026', volume='45', issue='8', pageStart='1', pageEnd='146', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784044800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789550573547, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789610016151, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1307282417023214447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, issueId=1307033095836823737, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1307282417023214448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, issueId=1307033095836823737, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=129, endPage=133, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1307033149779767784, articleId=1307033149523915238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, language=EN, title=Study on influencing factors of psychological and physiological states in firefighters' smoke-heat training, columnId=1307033132415349106, journalTitle=Fire Science and Technology, columnName=Emergency management study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To analyze the potential factors influencing the psychological and physiological states of firefighters during smoke and heat training, this study employed an intelligent smoke and heat training device for firefighters and utilized a feature data correlation analysis model. By collecting 16 indicators (including heart rate, electroencephalogram, and heart rate variability) from 100 firefighters during smoke and heat training, the research explored the factors affecting their psychological and physiological states in such training. The results showed that both age and firefighters' daily psychological states had a p-value less than 0.01 with their psychological states during smoke and heat training, indicating that younger firefighters were more prone to psychological problems during training, and regulating their daily psychological states could alleviate psychological pressure during smoke and heat training. The p-value for years of service versus training duration was 0.054, with a regression coefficient of -19.494, indicating that firefighters with longer service experience exhibited shorter training durations. The p-value for resting heart rate and training oxygen consumption was merely 0.016, with a regression coefficient of -0.128, indicating that firefighters with lower resting heart rates exhibited reduced oxygen consumption. The p-value for body weight and training duration exceeded 0.5, suggesting a relatively insignificant correlation between the two variables.

, authors=Pengyu Tao, Wenqi Song, Qianye Jiang, Rui Gao, authorsList=Pengyu Tao, Wenqi Song, Qianye Jiang, Rui Gao, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1307033153076490741, articleId=1307033149523915238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, language=CN, title=消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素研究, columnId=1307033132608287092, journalTitle=消防科学与技术, columnName=应急管理研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为分析影响消防员在烟热训练中心理生理状态的潜在因素，采用消防员智能化烟热训练装置，借助特征数据关联分析模型，通过采集100名消防员烟热训练时的心率、脑电、HRV等16个指标，对消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素进行了研究。研究结果表明，年龄和消防员日常心理焦虑状态与烟热训练时心理焦虑状态p值均小于0.01，年轻消防员更容易产生训练时的焦虑问题，调节消防员日常心理状态可以缓解消防员烟热训练时的心理压力。而工龄与消防员烟热训练时的心理焦虑状态p值大于0.5，两者关联显著性较小。工龄与训练耗时的p值为0.054，回归系数为-19.494，表明工龄长的消防员具有更短的训练耗时。静息心率与训练时耗氧量的p值仅为0.016，回归系数为-0.128，表明静息时较低心率的消防员具有更少量的耗氧量。体重与训练耗时的p值大于0.5，两者关联显著性较小。

, authors=陶鹏宇, 宋文琦, 姜芊叶, 高锐, authorsList=陶鹏宇, 宋文琦, 姜芊叶, 高锐, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

陶鹏宇，应急管理部天津消防研究所，副研究员，主要从事应急消防实战化训练技术及装备研究、应急消防安全教育研究等工作，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381，。

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陶鹏宇，应急管理部天津消防研究所，副研究员，主要从事应急消防实战化训练技术及装备研究、应急消防安全教育研究等工作，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381，。

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陶鹏宇，应急管理部天津消防研究所，副研究员，主要从事应急消防实战化训练技术及装备研究、应急消防安全教育研究等工作，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381，。

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Evaluation criteria for psychological state

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别阈值
低紧张度45以下
轻微紧张45~60
中度紧张60~70
重度紧张70~80
严重紧张80以上
), ArticleFig(id=1307033158604583458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

心理状态评估标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别阈值
低紧张度45以下
轻微紧张45~60
中度紧张60~70
重度紧张70~80
严重紧张80以上
), ArticleFig(id=1307033158684275235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Coefficients for psychological state characteristics of firefighters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

训练后

心理分数

回归系数

标准

误差

tp

95%CI

下限

95%CI上限
年龄-0.599 10.339-1.7690.087-1.2920.094
工龄-0.187 40.455-0.4120.684-1.1190.744
慢跑心率0.198 20.0722.7530.0100.0510.345
训练心率-0.105 90.075-1.4140.168-0.2590.047

初始心理

分数

0.487 00.1343.6430.0010.2140.760
), ArticleFig(id=1307033158763967012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

消防员心理焦虑状态特征关联系数表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

训练后

心理分数

回归系数

标准

误差

tp

95%CI

下限

95%CI上限
年龄-0.599 10.339-1.7690.087-1.2920.094
工龄-0.187 40.455-0.4120.684-1.1190.744
慢跑心率0.198 20.0722.7530.0100.0510.345
训练心率-0.105 90.075-1.4140.168-0.2590.047

初始心理

分数

0.487 00.1343.6430.0010.2140.760
), ArticleFig(id=1307033158847853093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Correlation coefficients of firefighters' physiological characteristics based on training duration

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
训练耗时回归系数

标准

误差

tp

95%CI

下限

95%CI上限
年龄6.559 67.6190.8610.396-9.02322.142
工龄-19.494 09.697-2.0100.054-39.3270.339
体重-0.940 93.075-0.3060.762-7.2305.348
慢跑心率-3.110 31.584-1.9630.059-6.3510.130
训练心率-0.698 71.734-0.4030.690-4.2442.847
), ArticleFig(id=1307033158927544870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

基于训练耗时的消防员生理状态特征关联系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
训练耗时回归系数

标准

误差

tp

95%CI

下限

95%CI上限
年龄6.559 67.6190.8610.396-9.02322.142
工龄-19.494 09.697-2.0100.054-39.3270.339
体重-0.940 93.075-0.3060.762-7.2305.348
慢跑心率-3.110 31.584-1.9630.059-6.3510.130
训练心率-0.698 71.734-0.4030.690-4.2442.847
), ArticleFig(id=1307033159015625255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Correlation coefficients of firefighters' physiological characteristics based on training oxygen consumption

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
训练耗氧回归系数标准误差tp95%CI下限95%CI上限
年龄-0.136 00.157-0.8670.393-0.4570.185
工龄0.167 50.2110.7950.433-0.2640.599
身高0.193 30.1201.6090.118-0.0520.439
静息心率-0.128 00.050-2.5550.016-0.230-0.026
慢跑心率-0.052 40.033-1.5730.127-0.1210.016
), ArticleFig(id=1307033159120482856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274063662022745, articleId=1307033149523915238, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

基于训练耗氧的消防员生理状态特征关联系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
训练耗氧回归系数标准误差tp95%CI下限95%CI上限
年龄-0.136 00.157-0.8670.393-0.4570.185
工龄0.167 50.2110.7950.433-0.2640.599
身高0.193 30.1201.6090.118-0.0520.439
静息心率-0.128 00.050-2.5550.016-0.230-0.026
慢跑心率-0.052 40.033-1.5730.127-0.1210.016
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消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素研究
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陶鹏宇 , 宋文琦 , 姜芊叶 , 高锐
消防科学与技术 | 应急管理研究 2026,45(8): 129-133
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消防科学与技术 |应急管理研究 2026 , 45 (8) : 129 -133
消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素研究
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陶鹏宇 , 宋文琦, 姜芊叶, 高锐
作者信息
  • 1应急管理部天津消防研究所 ，天津 300381
作者简介:

陶鹏宇，应急管理部天津消防研究所，副研究员，主要从事应急消防实战化训练技术及装备研究、应急消防安全教育研究等工作，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381，。

Study on influencing factors of psychological and physiological states in firefighters' smoke-heat training
Pengyu Tao , Wenqi Song, Qianye Jiang, Rui Gao
Affiliations
  • 1Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM , Tianjin 300381 , China
出版时间: 2026-07-15 doi: 10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.08.0129.05
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为分析影响消防员在烟热训练中心理生理状态的潜在因素，采用消防员智能化烟热训练装置，借助特征数据关联分析模型，通过采集100名消防员烟热训练时的心率、脑电、HRV等16个指标，对消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素进行了研究。研究结果表明，年龄和消防员日常心理焦虑状态与烟热训练时心理焦虑状态p值均小于0.01，年轻消防员更容易产生训练时的焦虑问题，调节消防员日常心理状态可以缓解消防员烟热训练时的心理压力。而工龄与消防员烟热训练时的心理焦虑状态p值大于0.5，两者关联显著性较小。工龄与训练耗时的p值为0.054，回归系数为-19.494，表明工龄长的消防员具有更短的训练耗时。静息心率与训练时耗氧量的p值仅为0.016，回归系数为-0.128，表明静息时较低心率的消防员具有更少量的耗氧量。体重与训练耗时的p值大于0.5，两者关联显著性较小。

消防员  /  烟热训练  /  心理生理状态  /  最小二乘法

To analyze the potential factors influencing the psychological and physiological states of firefighters during smoke and heat training, this study employed an intelligent smoke and heat training device for firefighters and utilized a feature data correlation analysis model. By collecting 16 indicators (including heart rate, electroencephalogram, and heart rate variability) from 100 firefighters during smoke and heat training, the research explored the factors affecting their psychological and physiological states in such training. The results showed that both age and firefighters' daily psychological states had a p-value less than 0.01 with their psychological states during smoke and heat training, indicating that younger firefighters were more prone to psychological problems during training, and regulating their daily psychological states could alleviate psychological pressure during smoke and heat training. The p-value for years of service versus training duration was 0.054, with a regression coefficient of -19.494, indicating that firefighters with longer service experience exhibited shorter training durations. The p-value for resting heart rate and training oxygen consumption was merely 0.016, with a regression coefficient of -0.128, indicating that firefighters with lower resting heart rates exhibited reduced oxygen consumption. The p-value for body weight and training duration exceeded 0.5, suggesting a relatively insignificant correlation between the two variables.

firefighters  /  smoke and heat training  /  psychological and physiological states  /  least squares method
陶鹏宇, 宋文琦, 姜芊叶, 高锐. 消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素研究. 消防科学与技术, 2026 , 45 (8) : 129 -133 . DOI: 10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.08.0129.05
Pengyu Tao, Wenqi Song, Qianye Jiang, Rui Gao. Study on influencing factors of psychological and physiological states in firefighters' smoke-heat training[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026 , 45 (8) : 129 -133 . DOI: 10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.08.0129.05
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火灾是最为常见的灾害场景，影响着人民群众的生命财产安全。随着城市建筑结构的日趋复杂、新能源产业的迅猛发展，火场烟热环境越来越复杂，对于消防员生理状态能力及心理素质水平的要求越来越高。烟热训练以环境适应与基础体能训练为重点，在网栅隔断装置中通过构建高温、浓烟、黑暗环境，开展消防员心理和体能的环境适应性训练，是提升消防员未知恶劣环境下的心理抗压能力与体能适应的重要训练设施。因此，探究消防员烟热训练过程中心理生理状态的潜在影响因素，有效地评估训练结果，提升烟热训练的针对性，是建设高素质、高水平的消防救援队伍，降低火灾事故致伤致死率，减少火灾事故经济损失的有效途径之一。
国内外学者对消防员烟热训练心理生理状态分析评价方法进行了一系列研究。王玉晓等［1］依托公安部消防局科研计划项目《多功能烟热模拟训练系统》开展了影响消防员行为的心理因素研究，梳理了影响消防员作战训练行为的内部因素与外部因素。张郑平等［2］依照评价体系的建立原则，采用定量和定性相结合的方法给出了以时间为主的评价指标。孙宗良等［3］为有效评估模拟训练系统效能，比较分析了几种现有的评估方法，归纳总结出各种方法的特点。郝文柱［4］探讨了消防设备和实战化训练对消防灭火救援能力的提升作用。刘士建等［5］为实时采集监测矿山救护队员训练和心理干预过程中的生理指标数据，设计了心率变异性指标监测电路、脑电信号监测电路、皮肤电反应数据监测电路、数据通信电路设计和上位机监测系统。张韧仁等［6］以参加喀山世锦赛和里约世界杯的国家跳水队选手为例，监测其备战期间身心状态、探析其身心状态测评指标之间的相关性。
目前我国现有的烟热训练设施虽具备一些基本训练功能，但无法较好地监测消防员在训练过程中的心理生理状态［7］，更无法知晓影响消防员心理生理状态的潜在因素，存在考核内容及评价手段单一化、不系统、不科学的问题［8］。因此，开展消防员烟热训练心理生理状态影响因素研究，利用消防员烟热训练监测数据进行探索性数据分析（EDA），分析影响消防员烟热训练心理生理状态的潜在因素，对提升烟热训练的科学性和针对性具有重要意义。
1　训练装置
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训练装置系统由网栅隔断式烟热训练装置、金属网栅和架空走廊通道系统、高温蒸气及毒气侦检装置、电动门系统、集中控制系统、三维精准定位同步跟踪系统、AR智能作战训练头盔、消防员心理生理数据采集分析系统等组成，能够精确采集消防员烟热训练时的实时参数，可实现烟热模拟、障碍设置、人员定位、数据采集及预警保护等功能，如图1所示。使用该装置对消防员进行烟热训练，监测记录其心率、脑电、HRV等数据。
2　消防员心理生理状态关联性分析模型
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分析模型分为3个模块：状态评价标准、基于实时数据的身体状态实时收集系统、特征数据关联分析模型，如图2所示。
状态评价标准模型中，引入心理测量量表等手段评估消防员烟热训练时的心理状态，并且考虑到消防员训练成绩与生理体能具有显著关系，选取训练耗时与耗氧作为生理状态的评价指标，进而为后续特征关联分析提供目标标签。实时采集不同阶段心率、耗时、耗氧等多维度数据。基于生理与心理状态指标，通过探索性数据分析以及最小二乘法回归等数据分析手段进一步得出心理与生理状态关联特征，探索潜在影响因素。此外，心理生理状态实时监测还可以预防训练过程中可能出现的意外情况。
2.1　心理生理状态评价标准
针对心理状态评估，考虑到大部分消防员主要面临的是紧张焦虑情绪，根据焦虑自评量表（SAS）的评估准则，将评估模型的输出结果设定为低紧张度、轻微紧张、中度紧张、重度紧张、严重紧张。不同紧张度的分类标准设定如表1所示。
针对生理状态评估，考虑到不同训练路线、不同训练科目会对消防员的训练成绩产生不同影响，不设立具体的分类标准，并以连续值的方式作为关联分析的标签值。
2.2　消防员训练数据实时收集系统
实时检测心率变异性（HRV）、心率等参数，并实时输出评估结果。为了使结果具有参考意义，将会对上述评估模型所采集到的数据集进行噪声清洗。
2.3　特征数据关联分析模型
对于收集到的消防员信息，选取了年龄、工龄、身高、体重、路线、静息心率、各训练阶段心率、各训练阶段耗氧、各训练阶段耗时、各训练阶段心理焦虑状态等16个参数作为特征，并将代表训练后生理状态的训练耗时、训练耗氧和代表训练后心理状态的训练后心理焦虑分数作为目标向量。进一步分析与消防员烟热训练心理生理状态可能关联的潜在因素。具体流程为：
1）在正式的建模前对数据进行探索性数据分析（EDA），包括初步检查与分析的过程，目的是了解数据的主要特征和结构，发现数据中的模式、异常、关键变量之间的关系。具体来说，采用了皮尔逊相关系数（Pearson correlation coefficient）作为衡量两个变量线性关系强度的一个指标。皮尔逊相关系数的值范围从-1到1，具体公式见式（1）。
rxy=∑xi-x¯yi-y¯∑xi-x¯2∑yi-y¯2
式中：xi和yi是观测值；x¯和y¯是各自的均值。
2）基于上述探索性数据分析的结果，对存在潜在关联的特征进行了普通最小二乘法（Ordinary Least Squares，OLS）回归的计算，目的是通过找到一组回归系数，使得模型预测值与实际观测值之间的残差平方和最小。
3　训练测试与分析研究
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3.1　测试方案及过程
1）测试各项静息数据。消防员在开始正式训练前，在静息状态下需要进行生理和心理指标的测试，包括：静息心率、静息肌电、静息皮肤电、静息心理测量表成绩。
2）进行体能训练。消防员穿戴全套个人防护装备，在体能训练室跑步机上慢跑3 min。
3）第二次测试各项数据。消防员在跑步结束后，进入烟热训练前，需要测量和记录各项数据，包括心率变异性（HRV）、慢跑心率（3 min心率）、肌电、皮肤电、烟热训练前空气呼吸器压力、烟热训练前血氧等。
4）进行烟热训练。此时需要打开空气呼吸器，并记录进入训练的时间。
5）第三次测试和记录各项数据。消防员在烟热训练结束后，需要测量和记录各项数据，包括心率、肌电、皮肤电、训练后心理测量表成绩、烟热训练后空气呼吸器压力、烟热训练后血氧、训练结束时间等。
3.2　测试结果分析
测试工作分别在控制室和体能训练室中开展。项目共采集约100人次训练数据，每位消防员将重复进行两轮烟热训练并且两轮训练之间具有充足的休息时间。试验结果通过数据清洗、标准化、归一化等手段去除噪声、不同单位的影响。
3.2.1　消防员心理生理结果分析
根据已有消防员训练结果，针对训练耗时、耗氧量、心理焦虑分数3个维度进行数据分析，如图3~图5所示。
通过图3可以看出，大部分消防员训练耗时集中在300~500 s，部分消防员则接近600 s，这体现了消防员之间存在体能或综合水平差异，消防员平均烟热训练耗时为381 s。
由图4可以看出，不同消防员的耗氧量存在差异，其中，最大耗氧量为18 MPa，最小耗氧量为4 MPa。耗氧量的平均值与中间位接近，且接近四分位数，证明大部分消防员的耗氧量接近。
图5展示了消防员第一轮训练前后的心理焦虑分数变化，其中内环为训练前，外环为训练后。训练后，部分成员的焦虑分数出现了明显增加，有22.5%的人出现了5分以上的焦虑分数上涨，尤其是50分以上的中度紧张人数由1人变为4人，整体均值也有上升（均值差0.73分）。尽管统计检验未达到显著性（p值=0.24），但提示烟热训练可能会对部分消防员产生焦虑心理影响。
3.2.2　消防员关联分析结果
图6展示了各特征间皮尔逊相关系数的热力图，数值越接近1或-1证明越具有关联性，数值的绝对值大于0.3时可以说明两者具有一定关联。可以看出，训练耗时与工龄、体重、慢跑心率等因素有潜在可能的关联。而消防员训练耗氧量也与身高、体重、慢跑心率等因素存在关联。对于消防员的训练时心理焦虑状态，相关系数表明可能与静息心理焦虑状态、慢跑心率等参数有关。
基于上述探索性数据分析的结果，对存在潜在关联的特征进行了普通最小二乘法回归的计算。其中选取了年龄、工龄、慢跑心率、训练心率、初始心理分数作为训练后心理分数的潜在关联因素；选取了年龄、工龄、体重、慢跑心率、训练心率作为训练耗时的潜在关联因素；选取了年龄、工龄、身高、静息心率、慢跑心率作为训练耗氧的潜在关联因素。表2展示了训练后消防员心理焦虑状态对于各特征之间的关联情况，表3、表4展示了训练后消防员生理状态对于各特征之间的关联情况，其中参数分别为回归系数、标准误差、t值、p值以及置信区间（CI）。一般p值小于0.1时说明两者具有统计学上的关联。
对于消防员训练时心理焦虑状态，可以发现其与初始时消防员心理焦虑状态关联十分显著，p值为0.001，表明日常时就具有心理问题的消防员更容易在训练时紧张焦虑。此外，年龄与慢跑心率也与训练心理焦虑状态的关联性较为显著，p值小于0.1，这表明年龄大的消防员具有更加稳定的心理焦虑状态（回归系数为-0.599 1），运动时可以保存稳定心率的消防员也会有更好的心理表现（回归系数为0.198 2）。而工龄与消防员烟热训练时的心理焦虑状态关系较小。
对于消防员生理状态，可以看出，工龄与训练耗时的p值仅为0.054，回归系数为-19.494 0，展现出了显著的关联性，表明工龄长的消防员具有更短的训练耗时。此外慢跑心率也与耗时具有一定的显著关联，回归系数为-3.110 3，说明慢跑心率低的消防员可以更加快速地完成训练项目。与训练时耗氧量有关联的特征较少，只有静息心率展示出了显著的关联性，其p值为0.016，回归系数为-0.128，这表明静息时较低心率的消防员会具有更少的耗氧量。
4　结 论
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1）消防员年龄、慢跑心率以及初始状态下的心理焦虑状态与消防员烟热训练心理焦虑状态p均小于0.1，说明三者与消防员烟热训练心理焦虑状态均有显著关联性，并且初始状态下的心理焦虑状态关联性最强。而工龄与消防员烟热训练时的心理焦虑状态p值大于0.5，关联性较小。
2）消防员的工龄、慢跑心率、静息心率与消防员烟热训练时生理状态p值均小于0.1，说明三者与消防员烟热训练生理状态均有显著关联。而体重与消防员烟热训练时的心理焦虑状态p值大于0.5，关联性较小。
3）年龄与日常心理焦虑状态与消防员烟热训练时的心理焦虑状态具有显著关联性，关注消防员日常心理状态可以缓解消防员烟热训练时的心理压力，且较为年轻的消防员更容易产生训练时的心理问题。工龄长的消防员通常具有更短的训练耗时，建议对短工龄消防员加强训练以进一步提高训练成绩。

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doi: 10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.08.0129.05
  • 接收时间：2024-12-30
  • 首发时间：2026-09-16
  • 出版时间：2026-07-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-12-30
  • 修回日期：2025-05-16
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    1应急管理部天津消防研究所 ，天津 300381
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