Article(id=1307086152184386281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, issueId=1307086088166732376, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12401/j.nwg.2025150, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758988800000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-28, revisedDate=1766678400000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-26, acceptedDate=1766678400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-12-26, onlineDate=1789563223166, onlineDateStr=2026-09-16, pubDate=1787155200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789563223166, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789563223166, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789563223166, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1307086088166732376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, year='2026', volume='59', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='386', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787155200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789563207904, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789616196824, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1307308339885531645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, issueId=1307086088166732376, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1307308339885531646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, issueId=1307086088166732376, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=376, endPage=386, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1307086152624788202, articleId=1307086152184386281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on the Disintegration Inhibition of Red-Bed Mudstone Solidified by MICP, columnId=null, journalTitle=Northwestern Geology, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The disintegration, erosion, and collapse of red-bed mudstone slopes in watershed gullies is prominent in the extreme climate, heightening the risk of disaster chains related to debris flows in these channels. Developing hazard chain-cutting technology in watershed gullies is of great significance for controlling the sediment supply of debris flows. This study selects Tertiary red-bed mudstone from the Xining Basin, and utilizes a self-developed testing apparatus for measuring the disintegration indexes of untreated red-bed mudstone and MICP-treated red-bed mudstone. A list of disintegration tests were conducted to explore the disintegration characteristics and protective effects of MICP-solidified red-bed mudstones under the influence of factors such as temperature, pressure, initial moisture content and curing time. The results indicate that MICP mitigates the disintegration process of red-bed mudstone, which is significantly influenced by initial water content. At low water content, the disintegration process of red-bed mudstone is considerable, which is also accelerated by higher temperatures and pressures. The pressure plays a dual role of mechanical constraint and hydraulic driving in the disintegration process of red bed mudstone. The prolongation of curing time exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the disintegration process of MICP-solidified red-bed mudstones. Specifically, for the specimens cured for 3, 7, and 14 days, the disintegration ratio at initial-stage decreases by an average of 13%, 33%, and 39%, respectively. The disintegration rate drops by an average of 13%, 27%, and 36%, respectively. This is because MICP converts particle contacts from point contact to surface contact, and a calcareous cementation crust forms on the surface of the red-bed mudstone, resulting in a notably lower disintegration ratio and rate during the intense disintegration stage. The findings offer support for ecological protection of red-bed mudstone slopes in weathered gullies of Northwest China.

, authors=Xiaosen KANG1, Xin LIU1, Tao CHEN1, Jianzhong DU2, Qiangbing HUANG1, *, Longlong LYU3, authorsList=Xiaosen KANG, Xin LIU, Tao CHEN, Jianzhong DU, Qiangbing HUANG, Longlong LYU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qiangbing HUANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Northwestern Geology. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1307086161265054495, articleId=1307086152184386281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, language=CN, title=基于MICP的红层泥岩崩解抑制规律试验研究, columnId=1307047819974570720, journalTitle=西北地质, columnName=非主题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

极端气候背景下西北地区流域沟道红层泥岩崩解、剥蚀及崩塌问题突出,流域沟道泥石流灾害链风险增大,研发流域沟道灾害链削链技术对于控制泥石流物源量具有重要意义。笔者选取西宁盆地第三系红层泥岩,制备微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)固化红层泥岩样品,采用自主研发的可控温度和压力的岩土崩解性测试装置及测试方法,开展MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解试验,研究温度、压力、含水状态及养护时间等因素影响下MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解规律与防护效果。研究表明:含水状态对红层泥岩崩解性影响显著,干燥状态红层泥岩崩解性强,饱和状态红层泥岩崩解性较弱,水压力增大和温度升高均促进干燥状态红层泥岩崩解进程,但水压力在红层泥岩崩解过程中发挥力学约束与水力驱动的双重作用;MICP固化养护时间延长对崩解过程的抑制作用显著,经过3 d、7 d、14 d养护后MICP固化红层泥岩的初始阶段崩解率平均下降13%、33%和39%,崩解速率平均下降13%、27%和36%;常温养护过程中矿物颗粒接触从“点接触”转变为“面接触”,表面形成钙质胶结壳,促使强烈崩解阶段的崩解率和崩解速率减小,明显缓解了红层泥岩崩解进程。该结果可为西北地区流域沟道红层泥岩坡面生态防护提供依据。

, authors=康孝森1, 刘鑫1, 陈涛1, 杜建中2, 黄强兵1, *, 吕龙龙3, authorsList=康孝森, 刘鑫, 陈涛, 杜建中, 黄强兵, 吕龙龙, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=黄强兵, authorNote=

康孝森(1990−),男,副教授,博士,从事岩土力学与地质灾害方面研究工作。E−mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
黄强兵(1972−),男,教授,博士,从事地质工程、岩土及地下工程等方面研究工作。E−mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《西北地质》编辑部 2026, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Tdai4sPXlDLqSwBz0btdug==, magXml=x60nq4Gdi0gJSSrQ1yX9gQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=u2K4wYiQl+0D3u2dXA2v2Q==, pdfFileSize=7205000, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=uRFTyT6t0oeghHZ5VkRAsg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=4muZHbDT5/Co8A9qZeQB5g==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1307086161839674154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=kangxs@chd.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1307086161940337452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, authorId=1307086161839674154, language=EN, stringName=Xiaosen KANG, firstName=Xiaosen, middleName=null, lastName=KANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1307086162175218477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, authorId=1307086161839674154, language=CN, stringName=康孝森, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054, bio={"content":"

康孝森(1990−),男,副教授,博士,从事岩土力学与地质灾害方面研究工作。E−mail:

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康孝森(1990−),男,副教授,博士,从事岩土力学与地质灾害方面研究工作。E−mail:

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Geomorphology, 2015, 246: 1−6., articleTitle=Quantitative determination of the effect of temperature on mudstone decay during wet–dry cycles: A case study of ‘purple mudstone’ from south-western China, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1307086161474769696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307086161478964001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, companyId=1307086161474769696, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307086161491546914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, companyId=1307086161474769696, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1307086161567044387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307086161575432996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, companyId=1307086161567044387, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2The Second Geological and Mineral Exploration Institute of Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307086161583821605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, companyId=1307086161567044387, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质矿产勘查院,甘肃 兰州 730020)]), AuthorCompany(id=1307086161751593766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307086161759982375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, companyId=1307086161751593766, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307086161768370984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, companyId=1307086161751593766, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1307086169972429655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Defect characteristics of red-bed mudstone slopes in watershed gullies of the Xining basin, figureFileSmall=ZthT48EfkWyXoRsTDbydZQ==, figureFileBig=uRFTyT6t0oeghHZ5VkRAsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086170240865112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图1, caption=西宁盆地流域沟道红层泥岩坡面病害

a. 取样位置;b. 坡面崩解与剥蚀;c. 坡面崩塌

, figureFileSmall=ZthT48EfkWyXoRsTDbydZQ==, figureFileBig=uRFTyT6t0oeghHZ5VkRAsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086170437997401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Mineral composition of the red-bed mudstone, figureFileSmall=TLCCr5TE8cUnKlR8ThLSCQ==, figureFileBig=XZUmyaUwZzNbxJQND0vdtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086170639323994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图2, caption=红层泥岩的矿物组成, figureFileSmall=TLCCr5TE8cUnKlR8ThLSCQ==, figureFileBig=XZUmyaUwZzNbxJQND0vdtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086170714821467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Sample preparation process, figureFileSmall=bsUMBQQtz3UZRZSbQuTNOg==, figureFileBig=haRin4zgP0Xn2ueqUi1vTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086170786124636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图3, caption=样品制备过程, figureFileSmall=bsUMBQQtz3UZRZSbQuTNOg==, figureFileBig=haRin4zgP0Xn2ueqUi1vTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086170853233501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Disintegration testing apparatus for geomaterials under controllable temperature and pressure and the disintegration test process, figureFileSmall=ItpKQeZyMDUu6D/Xd6uvNw==, figureFileBig=8nFAC2N9so0/vDxJpn9FCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171029394270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图4, caption=可控温度和压力的岩土崩解性测试装置及崩解试验过程

a. 测试装置实物;b. 测试装置结构图;c. 崩解试验过程

, figureFileSmall=ItpKQeZyMDUu6D/Xd6uvNw==, figureFileBig=8nFAC2N9so0/vDxJpn9FCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171100697439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Residues and collapse materials of red-bed mudstone, figureFileSmall=311xUl3RUz+TzHfSYaBCeQ==, figureFileBig=WDEyJOLrc3lu/GjFDH3IRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171167806304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图5, caption=红层泥岩的崩解物与残留物

a. 泥岩样品;b. MICP固化泥岩样品

, figureFileSmall=311xUl3RUz+TzHfSYaBCeQ==, figureFileBig=WDEyJOLrc3lu/GjFDH3IRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171239109473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Disintegration ratio of red-bed mudstone under different temperature conditions, figureFileSmall=ZaVpDJtreIKnodil7VuSkw==, figureFileBig=A04cU+07J4N4qbygZnQK0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171411075938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同温度条件下红层泥岩的崩解率变化曲线

a. 干燥、压力100 kPa;b. 干燥、压力200 kPa;c.干燥、压力300 kPa;d. 饱和、压力100 kPa;e. 饱和、压力200 kPa;f. 饱和、压力300 kPa

, figureFileSmall=ZaVpDJtreIKnodil7VuSkw==, figureFileBig=A04cU+07J4N4qbygZnQK0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171494962019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Disintegration ratio of red-bed mudstone under different pressure conditions, figureFileSmall=XiaI9FyB8cOPkHR5bmJHbg==, figureFileBig=u5kyxCAp4sK+TQMEcPgR4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171562070884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同压力条件下红层泥岩崩解率变化曲线

a. 干燥、温度15 ℃;b. 干燥、温度25 ℃;c. 干燥、温度35 ℃;d. 饱和、温度15 ℃;e. 饱和、温度25℃;f. 饱和、温度35 ℃

, figureFileSmall=XiaI9FyB8cOPkHR5bmJHbg==, figureFileBig=u5kyxCAp4sK+TQMEcPgR4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171624985445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Disintegration ratio curves of red-bed mudstone reinforced by MICP, figureFileSmall=HbuJIul7OUnoJ3va8ys2Lg==, figureFileBig=+vTDYSVsUYtRuBxybCdYjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171683705702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图8, caption=MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解率曲线

a. 温度15℃、压力100 kPa;b. 温度15℃、压力200 kPa;c. 温度15℃、压力300 kPa;d. 温度25 ℃、压力100 kPa;e. 温度25 ℃、压力200 kPa;f. 温度25℃、压力300 kPa;g. 温度35℃、压力100 kPa;h. 温度35℃、压力200 kPa;i. 温度35℃、压力300 kPa

, figureFileSmall=HbuJIul7OUnoJ3va8ys2Lg==, figureFileBig=+vTDYSVsUYtRuBxybCdYjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086171746620263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Disintegration rate curve under different curing durations during the initial disintegration stage, figureFileSmall=CsMBzLxO+l1TsBKJ9+LhhA==, figureFileBig=PuaK07m8wlGe5AN6kFlAeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307086173478867816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=图9, caption=不同MICP固化养护时间下初始崩解阶段红层泥岩的崩解率与崩解速率

a. 崩解率;b. 崩解速率

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a. 温度作用;b. 压力双重作用

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a. 电镜扫描图像;b. 微观结构变化特征

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Test conditions of red-bed mudstone

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固化方式试样编号含水状态/养护时间(d)压力(kPa)温度(℃)
未固化HC_D干燥/0100、200、30015、25、35
HC_S饱和/0100、200、30015、25、35
MICP固化MHC_D1干燥/3100、200、30015、25、35
MHC_D2干燥/7100、200、30015、25、35
MHC_D3干燥/14100、200、30015、25、35
), ArticleFig(id=1307086173915075438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274195778404443, articleId=1307086152184386281, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

红层泥岩样品的试验条件

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固化方式试样编号含水状态/养护时间(d)压力(kPa)温度(℃)
未固化HC_D干燥/0100、200、30015、25、35
HC_S饱和/0100、200、30015、25、35
MICP固化MHC_D1干燥/3100、200、30015、25、35
MHC_D2干燥/7100、200、30015、25、35
MHC_D3干燥/14100、200、30015、25、35
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基于MICP的红层泥岩崩解抑制规律试验研究
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康孝森 1 , 刘鑫 1 , 陈涛 1 , 杜建中 2 , 黄强兵 1, * , 吕龙龙 3
西北地质 | 非主题 2026,59(4): 376-386
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西北地质 |非主题 2026 , 59 (4) : 376 -386
基于MICP的红层泥岩崩解抑制规律试验研究
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康孝森1 , 刘鑫1, 陈涛1, 杜建中2, 黄强兵1, * , 吕龙龙3
作者信息
  • 1长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054
  • 2甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质矿产勘查院,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 3宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021
通讯作者:
黄强兵(1972−),男,教授,博士,从事地质工程、岩土及地下工程等方面研究工作。E−mail:。
作者简介:

康孝森(1990−),男,副教授,博士,从事岩土力学与地质灾害方面研究工作。E−mail:

Experimental Study on the Disintegration Inhibition of Red-Bed Mudstone Solidified by MICP
Xiaosen KANG1 , Xin LIU1, Tao CHEN1, Jianzhong DU2, Qiangbing HUANG1, * , Longlong LYU3
Affiliations
  • 1School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
  • 2The Second Geological and Mineral Exploration Institute of Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China
  • 3School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
出版时间: 2026-08-20 doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025150
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极端气候背景下西北地区流域沟道红层泥岩崩解、剥蚀及崩塌问题突出,流域沟道泥石流灾害链风险增大,研发流域沟道灾害链削链技术对于控制泥石流物源量具有重要意义。笔者选取西宁盆地第三系红层泥岩,制备微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)固化红层泥岩样品,采用自主研发的可控温度和压力的岩土崩解性测试装置及测试方法,开展MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解试验,研究温度、压力、含水状态及养护时间等因素影响下MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解规律与防护效果。研究表明:含水状态对红层泥岩崩解性影响显著,干燥状态红层泥岩崩解性强,饱和状态红层泥岩崩解性较弱,水压力增大和温度升高均促进干燥状态红层泥岩崩解进程,但水压力在红层泥岩崩解过程中发挥力学约束与水力驱动的双重作用;MICP固化养护时间延长对崩解过程的抑制作用显著,经过3 d、7 d、14 d养护后MICP固化红层泥岩的初始阶段崩解率平均下降13%、33%和39%,崩解速率平均下降13%、27%和36%;常温养护过程中矿物颗粒接触从“点接触”转变为“面接触”,表面形成钙质胶结壳,促使强烈崩解阶段的崩解率和崩解速率减小,明显缓解了红层泥岩崩解进程。该结果可为西北地区流域沟道红层泥岩坡面生态防护提供依据。

地质灾害  /  红层泥岩  /  崩解试验  /  微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀  /  初始含水率

The disintegration, erosion, and collapse of red-bed mudstone slopes in watershed gullies is prominent in the extreme climate, heightening the risk of disaster chains related to debris flows in these channels. Developing hazard chain-cutting technology in watershed gullies is of great significance for controlling the sediment supply of debris flows. This study selects Tertiary red-bed mudstone from the Xining Basin, and utilizes a self-developed testing apparatus for measuring the disintegration indexes of untreated red-bed mudstone and MICP-treated red-bed mudstone. A list of disintegration tests were conducted to explore the disintegration characteristics and protective effects of MICP-solidified red-bed mudstones under the influence of factors such as temperature, pressure, initial moisture content and curing time. The results indicate that MICP mitigates the disintegration process of red-bed mudstone, which is significantly influenced by initial water content. At low water content, the disintegration process of red-bed mudstone is considerable, which is also accelerated by higher temperatures and pressures. The pressure plays a dual role of mechanical constraint and hydraulic driving in the disintegration process of red bed mudstone. The prolongation of curing time exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the disintegration process of MICP-solidified red-bed mudstones. Specifically, for the specimens cured for 3, 7, and 14 days, the disintegration ratio at initial-stage decreases by an average of 13%, 33%, and 39%, respectively. The disintegration rate drops by an average of 13%, 27%, and 36%, respectively. This is because MICP converts particle contacts from point contact to surface contact, and a calcareous cementation crust forms on the surface of the red-bed mudstone, resulting in a notably lower disintegration ratio and rate during the intense disintegration stage. The findings offer support for ecological protection of red-bed mudstone slopes in weathered gullies of Northwest China.

geological hazard  /  red-bed mudstone  /  disintegration test  /  MICP  /  initial moisture content
康孝森, 刘鑫, 陈涛, 杜建中, 黄强兵, 吕龙龙. 基于MICP的红层泥岩崩解抑制规律试验研究. 西北地质, 2026 , 59 (4) : 376 -386 . DOI: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025150
Xiaosen KANG, Xin LIU, Tao CHEN, Jianzhong DU, Qiangbing HUANG, Longlong LYU. Experimental Study on the Disintegration Inhibition of Red-Bed Mudstone Solidified by MICP[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2026 , 59 (4) : 376 -386 . DOI: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025150
西北地区第三系红层泥岩广泛分布,流域沟道红层泥岩崩解、剥蚀与崩塌问题突出,增大了极端气候下红层地区流域沟道泥石流灾害链风险。因此,如何研发流域沟道灾害链削链技术,抑制或缓解红层泥岩崩解进程,实现泥石流物源量控制,对于西北红层地区灾害链韧性防控至关重要(汪美华等, 2020; 高波等, 2024; 孙富强等, 2025)。西北第三系红层泥岩富含黏土矿物,遇水后岩石体积膨胀和崩解,受天然应力、浓度、温度、水头及气压等因素影响(郭永春等, 2012;Liu et al., 2021)。泥岩中黏土矿物遇水会产生切应力和拉应力,温度变化也引起拉应力变化,超过抗拉强度则内部裂隙开始扩展,促进了泥岩崩解(Hu et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2022)。水分入渗过程中孔隙裂隙中残余流体压力增加,裂隙扩展形成优势通道(Su et al., 2020; Fu et al., 2023)。为抑制或减缓红层泥岩这种崩解进程,需要开展相关技术方法研究。以往研究通过添加水泥、石灰、粉煤灰等固化剂实现了泥岩填料的化学改良(余云燕等,2024),但生态环境效应方面存在局限性,不适用于红层泥岩大范围边坡防护(赵润涛,2021;Wang et al., 2022)。拌和黄土和砂岩的物理改良在红层泥岩坡面实施难度大,也不适用于红层泥岩坡面防护(李国维等,2021;张渭军等, 2022)。微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation, MICP)通过微生物代谢活动产生碳酸钙沉淀,填充孔隙与胶结颗粒,改善岩土体力学性能,已被广泛应用于砂土固化、裂缝修复、防渗处理等领域。例如,MICP固化砂柱抗剪强度提升(DeJong et al., 2006),抑制土壤内部侵蚀(Jiang et al., 2017),在泥岩填料胶结与土体改良等方面发挥强度提升和渗透性降低的功能(程留全, 2024;肖瑶等, 2025)。目前,MICP固化技术研究大多侧重于重塑土样或泥岩填料的强度提升,而基于微生物矿化抑制或缓解原状红层泥岩崩解的研究较少,特别是考虑温度和压力影响的微生物矿化红层泥岩的崩解抑制规律及机制研究缺乏。
因此,笔者针对红层泥岩崩解进程抑制规律及其机制的问题,以西宁盆地第三系红层泥岩为研究对象,开展基于MICP的红层泥岩崩解抑制规律试验研究,分析MICP固化前后泥岩的微观结构与崩解性指标,阐明温度、压力、初始含水率及养护时间等因素对红层泥岩崩解进程的影响规律,揭示MICP固化技术抑制或缓解红层泥岩崩解的宏微观机制,为西北地区流域沟道红层泥岩坡面生态防护提供理论依据。
研究区位于西宁盆地的海东市乐都区高家湾滑坡,地处青藏高原与黄土高原过渡地带,兼具高原山地和黄土红层丘陵复合类型地貌(张森琦等,2013)。区域构造南受拉脊山断裂控制,北受达坂山断裂控制,地质构造复杂,新构造运动和地震活动频繁(石维栋等,2006;Xie et al., 2025)。特别是西宁盆地分布厚层第三系红层泥岩,流域沟道红层泥岩崩解、剥蚀与崩塌问题突出,极端气候下红层地区流域沟道泥石流灾害链风险增大(图1)。
本次试验样品取自西宁盆地海东市乐都区高家湾滑坡沟道第三系红层泥岩(图1c)。采用D/max 2500型X射线粉晶衍射仪分析红层泥岩矿物成分,主要有伊利石、石英、方解石、绿泥石、钾长石、斜长石、钠长石及赤铁矿(图2)。黏土矿物含量>40%。黏土矿物的含量是红层软岩发生崩解的主要内因,且与崩解呈正相关(刘凤云等, 2022;党孟琪等,2024),本次试验样品属于易崩解性红层泥岩。
按照《工程岩体试验方法标准》(GBT50266—2013)要求,将岩块切割加工为直径5 cm,高2.5 cm的圆柱试样。试样烘干后打磨至95±0.5 g,制备未固化干燥试样1组,采用真空饱和法制备未固化饱和试样1组(图3)。制备MICP固化红层泥岩试样3组,试验菌种是BJMCC公司的巴氏芽孢杆菌菌液(编号DSM33=ATCC 11859),试验胶结液为1mol/L尿素溶液与1mol/L氯化钙溶液等体积的混合溶液,为微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀提供营养物质与钙源。样品制备过程中,在红层泥岩样品表面喷洒菌液,养护时间分别为3 d、7 d和14 d。
采用所研制的可控温度和压力的岩土崩解性测试装置及使用方法(授权国家发明专利:ZL 2022 1 1635270.0),实现对温度和压力的稳定控制(图4a)。采用TESCAN CLARA泰思肯超高分辨场发射扫描电镜获取MICP固化泥岩表面微观结构特征。
所研制的可控温度和压力的岩土崩解性测试装置由升降系统(包括支撑框架、提升轴及金属吊篮)、温度控制系统(包括恒温水箱、进水管、回水管及导热管)、压力控制系统(包括空压机与压力室,通过空压机施加压力)、数据采集系统(包括温度传感器、质量传感器及数据采集仪)4部分构成(图4)。
采用实时崩解率(At)与瞬时崩解速率(It)量化评价MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解性质。根据《土工试验方法标准》(GB/T50123—2019),采用计算崩解进程中任意时刻的实时崩解率公式。
$ {A}_{t} = 1-\frac{{M}_{t}-{M}_{d}+{M}_{df}}{{M}_{c}-{M}_{d}+{M}_{df}} $
式中:$ {A}_{t} $为实时崩解率(%);$ {M}_{t} $为t时刻质量传感器读数(g);$ {M}_{d} $为吊篮未浸入液面时质量传感器读数(g);$ {M}_{df} $为空吊篮浸水前后质量传感器读数差(g);$ {M}_{c} $为试样完全浸入液面时质量传感器读数(g);瞬时崩解速率$ {I}_{t} $为实时崩解率$ {A}_{t}\sim t $曲线的切线斜率(%$ {\cdot min}^{-1} $)。
为研究不同温度和压力条件下MICP固化红层泥岩崩解性,根据极端气候条件及流域沟道水文条件,选取15 ℃、25 ℃、35 ℃等3个温度条件,100 kPa、200 kPa、300 kPa等3个压力条件,初始含水率设为0%(干燥)和15%(饱和)(表1)。
泥岩样品与MICP固化泥岩样品的崩解物与残留物对比(图5)显示,固化后样品表面形成钙质胶结壳,崩解进程中表面遇水逐渐开裂,呈片状或小块状剥落。养护时间越长,胶结壳脱落尺寸越大,从颗粒状逐渐发展为片状和块状,微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀增强了泥岩颗粒间的黏结性,一定程度上抑制了干燥状态红层泥岩的崩解进程。
不同温度条件下红层泥岩崩解规律(图6)显示,随着温度升高,干燥状态红层泥岩崩解进程加快,35 ℃下崩解率曲线趋于稳定的时间比15 ℃下平均缩短27%,但最终状态基本不受影响。相比之下,饱和状态红层泥岩的崩解进程受温度影响较小,同一时刻不同温度条件下崩解率差异小于10%。由此可见,温度对泥岩崩解的影响与其含水状态密切相关,升温明显加快干燥状态下崩解进程,对饱和状态试样影响较弱。
不同压力条件下红层泥岩的崩解率变化曲线图(图7)显示,在相同温度条件下,干燥状态红层泥岩在200 kPa和300 kPa下崩解曲线斜率明显大于100 kPa,较高压力促进泥岩崩解进程。然而,干燥和较高温度的条件下,200 kPa下泥岩的崩解率曲线斜率大于300 kPa,说明压力对泥岩崩解性的影响并非单调促进作用,存在一定的影响范围,同时这种规律受初始含水率与环境温度制约。
MICP固化红层泥岩的崩解性明显弱化,养护7 d和14 d的崩解抑制效果更显著(图8)。在15 ℃温度条件下,养护7 d样品崩解率平均下降6%;在25 ℃温度条件下,养护7 d、14 d的样品崩解率分别平均下降17%、43%;35 ℃温度条件下,温度促进崩解效应突出,MICP固化效果不显著。常温条件下MICP抑制崩解进程显著,养护时间延长可增强抑制效果。
固化后泥岩崩解率仍受温度与压力的影响,但整体随养护天数增加呈下降趋势;养护3 d、7 d、14 d的MICP固化红层泥岩与未处理红层泥岩相比,初始崩解阶段崩解率平均下降13%、33%、39%,MICP养护时间延长可降低崩解率(图9a)。根据崩解率曲线的切线斜率确定崩解速率,35 ℃时崩解速率较高,25 ℃时最低,随温度升高先降后增趋势,压力对崩解速率的影响不具有单调性;养护3 d、7 d、14 d的MICP固化红层泥岩与未固化红层泥岩相比,初始崩解阶段崩解速率平均下降13%、27%、36%;MICP固化可显著降低泥岩崩解速率,且随养护时长逐渐下降(图9b)。
红层泥岩的崩解性强弱与其黏土矿物含量呈显著正相关,黏土矿物水化作用受层间阳离子类型、温度及水分子迁移速率等影响(Chen et al., 2022;Gong et al., 2024)。温度升高引起岩石胀缩产生热应力(Zhang et al., 2015),增强水溶液和岩石内部的分子活性,促进水分子向微孔和微裂隙中渗透,加速水化反应(Lu et al., 2017; Meng et al., 2021)。崩解过程中水压直接施加于岩石表面矿物、孔隙及裂隙,孔隙和裂隙中的渗透压力随着水压逐步增大,加剧崩解(Ding et al., 2024)。所研究红层泥岩黏土矿物主要是伊利石(含量>40%),温度上升增强了伊利石晶胞层间水分子和阳离子扩散,加剧了红层泥岩崩解进程(图10a)。水压力发挥水力驱动与力学约束的双重作用,驱动红层泥岩气相和液相流动,促进孔隙裂隙发展,还对红层泥岩固体颗粒产生侧向约束(图10b)。伊利石等黏土矿物层间水化作用及双电层扩展,层间距增大,颗粒间联结力减弱(Li et al., 2023),水分渗入黏土矿物晶胞层间,矿物内部形成层间水层(周翠英等, 2005),导致黏土矿物膨胀,红层泥岩内部产生不均匀应力,诱发大量微裂隙萌生,导致红层泥岩发生渐进式崩解。
MICP固化红层泥岩表面孔隙裂隙被碳酸钙晶体胶结,颗粒间连接紧密,固化效果随养护天数增加而增强,试样表面连续裂隙和微孔隙减少是抑制崩解的重要因素(图11a)。养护3 d的试样表面微裂隙中开始生成钙质结晶,形成“点接触”;养护7天后表面连续裂隙减少,微孔隙被胶结填充;养护14 d后试样表面残留少量干燥孔隙,微裂隙被填充,粒间形成“面接触”,表层形成了钙质胶结壳,大量碳酸钙结晶填充红层泥岩孔隙裂隙,孔隙率下降(图11b)。碳酸钙结晶在颗粒间起胶结与连结作用,接触方式由“点接触”改善为“面接触”,形成矿物颗粒之间形成“架桥”结构,一定程度上抑制了泥岩的崩解性。
(1)红层泥岩黏土矿物含量高,其崩解性受初始含水率显著影响,干燥红层泥岩的崩解性强,崩解物呈颗粒至粉末状,且温度越高颗粒越细,越分散;红层泥岩在饱和状态下崩解性弱,表现出片状剥落,崩解率曲线斜率显著低于干燥状态。
(2)温度和压力对红层泥岩崩解性的影响依赖于含水状态,干燥状态红层泥岩崩解对温度敏感,35 ℃下崩解曲线趋于稳定的时间比15 ℃下平均缩短27%,饱和状态红层泥岩崩解对温度不敏感,不同温度下崩解率差异小于10%,压力在红层泥岩崩解过程中发挥力学约束与水力驱动的双重作用,随压力增大崩解性呈先增强后减弱的特征。
(3)MICP固化养护时间延长对崩解过程的抑制作用显著。养护3d、7d、14d的MICP固化红层泥岩与未固化红层泥岩相比,初始阶段崩解率平均下降13%、33%、39%,崩解速率平均下降13%、27%、36%。常温条件下MICP缓解崩解效果明显,养护7 d、14 d样品崩解率分别平均下降17%、43%。
(4)MICP固化红层泥岩表面形成碳酸钙胶结壳,填充孔隙降低孔隙度,颗粒接触从“点接触”转变为“面接触”,增强颗粒黏聚力,阻滞水分入渗,有效减缓红层泥岩崩解进程。该方法适用于常温条件下红层泥岩表面防护,建议开展小尺度模型试验和现场试验,评价红层泥岩坡面MICP防护实际效果;研究成果可为西北地区流域沟道红层泥岩坡面生态防护提供理论依据。

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doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025150
  • 接收时间:2025-09-28
  • 首发时间:2026-09-16
  • 出版时间:2026-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28
  • 修回日期:2025-12-26
  • 录用日期:2025-12-26
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    1长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054
    2甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质矿产勘查院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    3宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021

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黄强兵(1972−),男,教授,博士,从事地质工程、岩土及地下工程等方面研究工作。E−mail:。
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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