Article(id=1251505540451479613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, issueId=1251505536634667461, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13682/j.issn.2095-6533.2025.06.001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735401600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1776311772692, onlineDateStr=2026-04-16, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1776311772692, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1776311772692, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776311772692, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1251505536634667461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, year='2025', volume='30', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='130', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1776311771782, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776311824541, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251505758014226723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, issueId=1251505536634667461, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251505758014226724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, issueId=1251505536634667461, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1, endPage=10, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1251505540665389124, articleId=1251505540451479613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, language=EN, title=Resource allocation scheme for perception-based MEC networks with IRS-assisted secure offloading in multi-user BC, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aiming at the problems of tight spectrum resources,insufficient computing resources,and easy interception and tampering of information transmission in the Internet of Things(IoT)mobile edge computing(MEC)network,a resource allocation scheme for the IRS-assisted user backscatter communication(BC)technology secure offloading perception MEC network is proposed.By integrating cognitive radio(CR),IRS and BC technologies,an optimization problem targeting the maximization of secure MEC network throughput is constructed,and thejoint optimization solution is carried out by using methods based on block coordinate descent(BCD),Lagrangian duality,and quadratic transformation.Simulation results show that compared with the random IRS phase scheme and the random beamforming scheme,the proposed scheme can increase the task computation amount of secondary users by about 260%and 178%,verifying its effectiveness and feasibility under complex constraint conditions.

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针对物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)移动边缘计算(Mobile Edge Computing,MEC)网络中的频谱资源紧张、计算资源不足及信息传输易被窃听与篡改的问题,提出一种智能反射面(Intelligent Reflecting Surface,IRS)辅助多用户反向散射通信(Backscatter Communication,BC)技术安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案。通过融合认知无线电(Cognitive Radio,CR)、IRS与BC技术,构建以安全MEC网络吞吐量最大化为目标的优化问题,并采用基于块坐标下降(Block Coordinate Descent,BCD)、拉格朗日对偶及二次变换的方法进行联合优化求解。仿真结果表明,所提方案与随机IRS相位和随机波束成形两个方案相比,次用户可完成的任务量分别提升了约260%和178%,验证了其在复杂约束条件下的有效性与可行性。

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刘伯阳(1988-),男,陕西延安人,博士,西安邮电大学副教授,主要研究方向为边缘计算、认知无线电。E-mail:

孙连锐(1999-),男,陕西安康人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

万宇航(1999-),男,陕西西安人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、认知无线电。E-mail:

李泽(2000-),男,陕西渭南人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

贺嘉成(2000-),男,陕西渭南人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

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刘伯阳(1988-),男,陕西延安人,博士,西安邮电大学副教授,主要研究方向为边缘计算、认知无线电。E-mail:

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孙连锐(1999-),男,陕西安康人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

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万宇航(1999-),男,陕西西安人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、认知无线电。E-mail:

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, articleId=1251505540451479613, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数数值
ST数量K2
窃听者数量I2
SR数量M2
RIS反射单元个数L10
噪声功率σ2/W1×10-12
传输带宽B/Hz1×106
PT的天线数量NT3
单一 IRS反射单元能耗μ0
窃听者信噪比门限γth/dB-7.5
PT最大发射功率Pmax/W2
任务卸载时间T/s2
ST的电容系数εk1×10-27
单比特所需计算频率Ck/Hz1×103
本地计算频率fk/Hz1×106
PR接收信噪比门限εth/dB0
), ArticleFig(id=1251540284987883582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233954884272221, articleId=1251505540451479613, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

参数说明和默认值设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数数值
ST数量K2
窃听者数量I2
SR数量M2
RIS反射单元个数L10
噪声功率σ2/W1×10-12
传输带宽B/Hz1×106
PT的天线数量NT3
单一 IRS反射单元能耗μ0
窃听者信噪比门限γth/dB-7.5
PT最大发射功率Pmax/W2
任务卸载时间T/s2
ST的电容系数εk1×10-27
单比特所需计算频率Ck/Hz1×103
本地计算频率fk/Hz1×106
PR接收信噪比门限εth/dB0
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IRS辅助多用户BC安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案
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刘伯阳 , 孙连锐 , 万宇航 , 李泽 , 贺嘉成
西安邮电大学学报 | 通信与电子 2025,30(6): 1-10
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西安邮电大学学报 | 通信与电子 2025, 30(6): 1-10
IRS辅助多用户BC安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案
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刘伯阳 , 孙连锐 , 万宇航 , 李泽 , 贺嘉成
作者信息
  • 西安邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,陕西西安 710121
  • 刘伯阳(1988-),男,陕西延安人,博士,西安邮电大学副教授,主要研究方向为边缘计算、认知无线电。E-mail:

    孙连锐(1999-),男,陕西安康人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

    万宇航(1999-),男,陕西西安人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、认知无线电。E-mail:

    李泽(2000-),男,陕西渭南人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

    贺嘉成(2000-),男,陕西渭南人,西安邮电大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、通感一体化、软件无线电。E-mail:

Resource allocation scheme for perception-based MEC networks with IRS-assisted secure offloading in multi-user BC
Boyang LIU , Lianrui SUN , Yuhang WAN , Ze LI , Jiacheng HE
Affiliations
  • School of Communications and Information Engineering,Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi'an 710121,China
出版时间: 2025-11-10 doi: 10.13682/j.issn.2095-6533.2025.06.001
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针对物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)移动边缘计算(Mobile Edge Computing,MEC)网络中的频谱资源紧张、计算资源不足及信息传输易被窃听与篡改的问题,提出一种智能反射面(Intelligent Reflecting Surface,IRS)辅助多用户反向散射通信(Backscatter Communication,BC)技术安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案。通过融合认知无线电(Cognitive Radio,CR)、IRS与BC技术,构建以安全MEC网络吞吐量最大化为目标的优化问题,并采用基于块坐标下降(Block Coordinate Descent,BCD)、拉格朗日对偶及二次变换的方法进行联合优化求解。仿真结果表明,所提方案与随机IRS相位和随机波束成形两个方案相比,次用户可完成的任务量分别提升了约260%和178%,验证了其在复杂约束条件下的有效性与可行性。

移动边缘计算  /  认知无线电  /  智能反射表面  /  反向散射通信  /  拉格朗日对偶  /  无人机

Aiming at the problems of tight spectrum resources,insufficient computing resources,and easy interception and tampering of information transmission in the Internet of Things(IoT)mobile edge computing(MEC)network,a resource allocation scheme for the IRS-assisted user backscatter communication(BC)technology secure offloading perception MEC network is proposed.By integrating cognitive radio(CR),IRS and BC technologies,an optimization problem targeting the maximization of secure MEC network throughput is constructed,and thejoint optimization solution is carried out by using methods based on block coordinate descent(BCD),Lagrangian duality,and quadratic transformation.Simulation results show that compared with the random IRS phase scheme and the random beamforming scheme,the proposed scheme can increase the task computation amount of secondary users by about 260%and 178%,verifying its effectiveness and feasibility under complex constraint conditions.

mobile edge computing  /  cognitive radio  /  intelligent reflecting surface  /  backscatter communication  /  Lagrangian duality  /  unmanned aerial vehicle
刘伯阳, 孙连锐, 万宇航, 李泽, 贺嘉成. IRS辅助多用户BC安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案. 西安邮电大学学报, 2025 , 30 (6) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.13682/j.issn.2095-6533.2025.06.001
Boyang LIU, Lianrui SUN, Yuhang WAN, Ze LI, Jiacheng HE. Resource allocation scheme for perception-based MEC networks with IRS-assisted secure offloading in multi-user BC[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2025 , 30 (6) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.13682/j.issn.2095-6533.2025.06.001
随着物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)的快速发展,自动驾驶、虚拟现实等高计算复杂度与时延敏感型应用不断涌现,对IoT节点的计算能力提出了更高要求。然而,受限于尺寸和成本,IoT设备的计算能力和电池容量通常不足,难以满足日益增长的计算需求。为解决这一问题,移动边缘计算(Mobile Edge Computing,MEC)技术[1-2]应运而生。MEC通过将计算资源部署在靠近用户和数据源的网络边缘,显著提升了服务性能并降低了时延[3]。在IoT-MEC网络中,IoT设备可以通过无线频谱将计算任务卸载至附近的MEC服务器进行处理。但是,随着IoT设备数量的快速增长以及数据交换量的激增[4],频谱资源紧张和能量不足问题日益突出。现有的固态频谱分配机制无法为IoT节点提供专用频谱,而工业、科学和医疗(Industrial,Scientific and Medical,ISM)频段带宽有限,在节点密集区域易造成链路拥塞。此外,IoT设备电池容量有限,难以支持频繁的任务卸载和数据传输[5]。因此,亟须探索新的解决方案,以缓解IoT-MEC网络中频谱资源短缺和能量不足的双重挑战。
反向散射通信(Backscatter Communication,BC)作为一种低成本、低功耗的通信技术,为上述问题提供了潜在解决方案[6]。BC技术通过调整天线负载阻抗实现信息传输[7],无需复杂的射频发送硬件,从而大幅降低了能耗。然而,在BC辅助的MEC系统中,IoT设备在收集能量时易受到建筑物遮挡,导致信道质量下降和服务性能不佳,而智能反射表面(Intelligent Reflecting Surface,IRS)技术的引入可以有效改善这一问题[8]。IRS通过控制反射单元的相位状态,能够动态调整入射信号的反射方向,从而增强目标节点的接收信噪比,优化IoT设备与MEC服务器之间的信道质量[9-10]。此外,认知无线电(Cognitive Radio,CR)作为一种频谱共享技术,为解决频谱资源紧张问题提供了新思路[11-12]。CR允许非授权用户在对授权用户造成的干扰低于干扰容限的前提下,接入授权用户进行信息传递,其通过动态频谱接入技术,可以有效提升频谱效率,为次用户提供频谱接入机会[13]。通过将BC、IRS、CR与MEC技术相结合,可以为IoT网络提供实时、可靠且高效的计算服务。但是,无线网络的广播特性使得信息传输面临安全威胁[14],尤其是在低空经济快速发展的背景下,无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)的广泛部署易对地面用户的信息传输安全构成严重威胁[15-16]。针对这一问题,物理层安全(Physical Layer Security,PLS)技术通过利用信道差异设计友好干扰或合作干扰策略,能够有效降低窃听者的接收信噪比,从而保障信息传输的安全速率[17-18]
目前,BC和IRS辅助MEC网络已得到广泛研究。例如,文献[19]研究了IRS和BC辅助的MEC网络的通信干扰问题,通过实现吞吐量最大化与延迟最小化,提高了MEC系统的能量效率。文献[20]提出了IRS和BC辅助的MEC多层计算网络框架,实现了MEC系统的总计算比特数最大化。文献[21-22]聚焦于BC和IRS辅助的MEC网络的能量效率问题,最大化实现系统的计算能效。同时,CR与MEC的结合,进一步为MEC系统数据卸载过程中的频谱资源短缺问题提供了解决方案。文献[23]和文献[24]提出了一种MEC计算网络架构,集成了MEC、CR和无线能量传输3种技术,实现了MEC系统的计算比特最大化。文献[25]研究了多用户协作的MEC网络为SU提供计算卸载服务的问题,实现了MEC系统的服务成本最小化。文献[26]考虑了非正交多址接入(Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,NOMA)协作的中继卸载计算服务问题,实现了MEC系统的任务卸载能耗最小化。文献[27]分析了基于NOMA和CR辅助的无线供电MEC网络的计算时延问题,实现了MEC系统的计算时延最小化。但是,上述研究均未充分考虑物理层安全的影响,未能全面保障系统的信息传输安全。
基于以上分析,针对IoT-MEC网络中频谱资源紧张、计算资源不足及信息传输易被窃听与篡改的问题,拟提出IRS辅助多用户BC安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案。通过联合优化主发射机(Primary Transmitter,PT)发射波束成形,次发送机(Secondary Transmitter,ST)发射波束成形、ST本地计算频率和卸载时隙长度,实现MEC网络的系统吞吐量最大化。为求解该吞吐量最大化问题,采用基于块坐标下降(Block Coordinate Descent,BCD)、拉格朗日对偶变换及二次变换法的联合迭代求解方法进行求解。最后,通过将所提方案与随机IRS相位方案和随机波束成形方案相比,验证所提方案的性能。
为了缓解MEC网络中的频谱资源紧张、计算资源不足及信息传输易被窃听与篡改的问题,考虑IRS联合CR辅助的BC-MEC安全卸载网络模型。该网络包含M个部署MEC服务器的次接收机(Secondary Receiver,SR),K个搭载IRS且支持BC技术的ST,1个PT,1个主接收机(Primary Receiver,PR)和I个UAV组成的潜在窃听用户,具体系统模型示意图如图1所示。其中,PT装备NT根发送天线(NT≤2),每个IRS含有L个反射单元,组成均匀平面阵列,SR、PR和窃听者均装备单根天线。令={1,2,3,…,K}、={1,2,3,…,M}、={1,2,3,…,I}和={1,2,3,…,L}分别表示次级发送机ST集合、次级接收机SR集合、窃听者集合和IRS反射单元集合。ST通过IRS接收的载波信号将次用户请求的计算任务数据卸载给SR。
假设用户采用部分卸载模式,每个ST的计算任务可按位独立并划分为多个子集。ST可以同时进行本地计算和任务卸载,一部分任务在本地计算,另一部分任务卸载至SR进行边缘计算,SR计算完成后将结果返回给ST。各ST采用时分多址方案进行任务卸载,以避免干扰,时隙帧结构示意图如图2所示。任务周期总长度为Ttk(∀k)表示第k个ST的卸载时隙长度。第k个用户在时隙tk中反射IRS接收的载波信号,同时,吸收电磁能量并进行本地计算,而第k个用户在其他时隙tiiK,∀k)仅本地计算电路工作。对于通常的计算密集型任务,假设其任务结果回传时间可以忽略,即结果下载时间τ≈0。
该系统模型考虑所有信道互易,且在整个周期T内保持不变,不同时隙之间信道会发生变化。令θk表示第k个ST的IRS反射相位矢量,Θk表示第k个ST的IRS对角反射矩阵,Θk=diag(θk),∀k
Hk表示PT与第k个ST之间的信道,则第k个ST发送的信号为
式中:s表示PT的发送数据,且V[|s|2]=1;wk为第k个ST发送数据的波束成形矢量;xkr表示第k个ST向第rr)个SR发送的任务数据,且V[|xkr|2]=1;θkr为第k个ST发给第rr)个SR的IRS反射相位矢量;IRS反射系数小于1,即需要满足≤1,l
k个ST在任务周期T内的本地计算比特数Dloc,k=fkT/Ck,∀k,其中,Ck表示第k个ST计算单位比特数据所耗费的CPU周期数,fk为第k个ST的本地计算频率。
hkmL×1表示第k个ST与第m个SR之间的信道、hm表示PT与第m个SR之间的信道,则在第tk个时隙,第m个SR处接收到的信号为
式中:n1为第m个SR处的高斯白噪声,且满足均值为0,方差为的复高斯分布,即满足n1
进一步可将第tk个时隙中第m个SR的接收信干噪比(Signal to Interference Plus Noise Ratio,SINR)表示为
式中:θkm表示第k个ST发送给第mmM)个SR的IRS反射相位矢量。
根据香农公式及式(3),第tk个时隙中第k个ST卸载给第m个SR的计算比特数可表示为
hPR,kL×1表示第k个ST与PR之间的信道、hPR表示PT与PR之间的信道,则在第tk个时隙PR处接收到的信号为
式中:n2为PR处的高斯白噪声,且n2(0,)。那么,第tk个时隙中PR的SINR表示为
hkiL×1表示第k个ST与第i个窃听者之间的信道、hi表示PT与第i个窃听者之间的信道,则在第tk个时隙,第i个窃听者接收的信号xkm的SINR表示为
式中:∀k,∀i,∀m
此时,第k个ST的能耗为
式中:εk为第k个ST的电容系数;μ为单个IRS反射单元的功率。
t=表示ST的卸载时隙集合、w=表示PT发送数据的波束成形矢量集合、f=表示ST的本地计算频率集合以及θ=表示ST发送波束成形矩阵集合。此时,建立优化问题P0
式中:εthγthPmaxfkmaxEth,k分别表示PR的信噪比门限、保证物理层安全的窃听者信噪比容限、PT的最大发射功率、第k个ST本地计算的最大频率及第k个ST的能耗;C1为PR的接收信噪比门限约束,保证ST通信时不影响PT通信;C2为用户的安全卸载约束;C3为反射系数的近似约束;C4为PT发送功率约束;C5为ST的本地计算频率约束;C6为ST的任务卸载时间约束;C7为ST的能量约束。
在优化问题P0中,优化变量wθt在目标函数与约束条件中存在复杂的耦合,因此,所建立的优化问题为非凸问题。基于此,采用基于目标函数转换、约束变形及问题求解等步骤进行迭代求解。
由于优化问题P0中的目标函数由多个对数函数构成,优化参数存在强耦合情况,目标函数非凸。因此,基于拉格朗日对偶法和二次变换法,通过引入辅助变量αkmβkm,将目标函数转换为
式中:Re(·)表示取实部。
为方便描述,令a={αkm|km},令b={βkm|km},优化问题P0可重新表示为
针对该非凸问题中的优化参数耦合问题,采用分块迭代算法对问题进行分块求解,将问题分为4个子问题进行求解。首先,固定变量wftθ,通过求取目标函数对辅助变量αkmβkm的导数,获得最优设计变量ab的闭式解。其次,将变量ab固定为优化后的变量值,同时固定wθ,问题重新变形为凸优化问题,实现变量ft的优化。继续固定abftθ,通过变量替换对w进行优化。最后,固定abftw,对θ进行优化。
当优化变量wftθ固定时,子问题表示为
根据KKT条件,可得到αkmβkm的闭式解的表达式分别为
当优化变量wθab固定时,子问题表示为
问题P2是一个典型的二次规划问题,其具有凸性,因此可利用现有科学工具进行高效求解,得到ft的次优解。
当优化变量abftθ固定时,子问题表示为
1)目标函数转换。由于问题P3的目标函数非凸,对目标函数进行变量替换。目标函数重新表示为
式中:Gk=diag(θkr)·HkH·(iag(θk,rHk)+Zk,且zk=diag(θkmHkH
2)约束转换。问题P3约束为非凸约束,因此需进行代数变换,可得约束为
式中:J0,k=J1,k=diag(θkrHkH·diag(θkrHk);J2,kim=(·diag{θkm}HkHdiag{θkm}Hk·J3,ki=diag{θkr}HkH·(diag{θkr}Hk)+。∀k,∀i,∀m,其中INT阶单位矩阵,I的增广矩阵。
3)问题转换。令={},则优化问题P3的子问题可等价表示为
由于C6是非凸的秩一约束,因此该问题仍为非凸问题,使用半正定规划松弛(Semidefinite Programming Relaxation,SDR)将Rank()=1约束进行松弛,此时将问题P3.1转换为一个凸优化问题
问题P3.2是凸优化问题,可利用凸优化求解工具进行求解。
由P1的目标函数可知,当优化变量abftw固定时,子问题可表示为
1)目标函数转换。对P4的目标函数进行变量替换,将AkmBkm代入,并将无关项化简,可得目标函数为
式中:Qk,且qk=·diag{Hkwk};,且=,且Ukm=diag(Hkwk))H·(·diag(Hkwk))βkm,且=,∀k,∀m
2)约束转换。问题P4约束为非凸约束,因此需进行代数变换,可得约束为
式中:,且Y1,k=(diag(Hkwk))Hdiag(Hkwk));,且Y2,ki=(diag(Hkwk))Hdiag(Hkwk));,且Y3,ki=γthdiag(Hkwk))H·(diag(Hkwk)),∀k,∀i,∀m
3)问题转换。令={km},则优化问题P4可等价表示为
参考问题P3.1的C6,将问题P4.1约束C6从优化问题中松弛,并在后续使用高斯随机近似法恢复出秩一解,则问题P4.1可转换为一个标准凸优化问题
为验证所提方案的性能,使用Windows 11操作系统进行仿真验证,所使用硬件配置为Intel(R)Core(TM)i5-8250U CPU@1.60GHz 1.80GHz处理器和8GiB内存。考虑包含2个ST的IRS与CR辅助BC-MEC网络系统,假设ST都聚焦到一簇,不同ST到达同一设备的通信链路具有相同的信道衰落。由于2个ST间距离较近,考虑PT与2个ST间距离均为dk=30m,2个ST与2个SR的距离均为dkm=30m。具体参数说明和默认值设置如表1所示。
为验证所提方案的有效性,在不同IRS反射单元个数L、窃听者信噪比容限γth、用户总卸载时间T、SR部署数量、PR接收信噪比门限εth及ST数量K的参数设置下,将所提方案与随机IRS相位方案和随机波束成形方案相比,以验证所提方案的性能。在所提方案中,分析IRS反射单元个数L和窃听者信噪比容限γth对用户卸载比特数的影响,具体结果如图3所示。随着IRS反射单元个数L的增加,ST能够更高效地将计算任务卸载至SR,提升BC速率。此外,当IRS反射单元个数L增加时,用户卸载比特数增大;随着窃听者信噪比容限γth的提高,用户卸载比特数增大,表明所提方案在面对更强窃听威胁时仍能有效维持通信性能,具有良好的鲁棒性。
在所提方案中,用户总卸载时间T和SR部署数量M对用户卸载比特数的影响如图4所示。
图4可知,当用户的数量K固定时,随着用户总卸载时间T增加,ST向SR卸载计算任务的子时隙tk同步增加;当用户总卸载时间T固定时,用户卸载比特数随SR部署数量M的增加而增加。SR部署数量M的增加,意味着每个ST在每次计算任务卸载子时隙中能够向MEC服务器卸载数量更多的计算数据。
所提方案的PR接收信噪比门限εth和ST数量K对用户卸载比特数的影响如图5所示。由图5可知,当PR接收信噪比门限εth增加时,3条曲线均呈现递减趋势,即用户卸载比特数的减少。当PR接收信噪比门限εth固定时,用户卸载比特数随ST数量K的增加而增加。PR接收信噪比门限εth增加,意味着在PR发射功率不变的情况下,ST的被动反射计算任务卸载功率降低,即ST向SR的卸载速率降低。随着ST数量K的增加,SR将从ST处接收更多的计算卸载比特。
为了验证所提方案的性能,将其与随机IRS相位方案和随机波束成形方案对比,具体结果如图6所示。
图6可知,在相同系统配置(如ST数量、SR部署数量等)下,基于不同的IRS反射单元个数,所提方案通过联合优化波束成形与RIS相位,大幅提升了资源利用率,其ST总平均吞吐量显著优于随机IRS相位方案与随机波束成形方案。在多用户、多IRS反射单元的复杂场景下,能稳定输出最优配置,性能优势显著,充分验证了其在IRS辅助BC-MEC网络中提升ST吞吐量的有效性与优越性。
针对IoT设备算力不足、频谱资源短缺及系统安全性的问题,提出了一种IRS辅助多用户BC安全卸载的感知MEC网络资源分配方案。利用CR技术提供频谱接入机会,纳入信道、能耗和计算模型,考虑用户采用部分卸载策略,建立基于PLS和IRS、CR辅助的BC-MEC网络中ST吞吐量最大化问题。同时利用基于BCD、拉格朗日对偶、二次变换、变量替换和SDR等方法进行求解。仿真结果表明,卸载比特数随着IRS反射单元个数、窃听者信噪比容限、SR部署数量、ST数量的增加而增加;随着PR接收信噪比门限的增加而减少。将所提方案与随机波束成形和随机IRS相位两个方案相比,发现次用户可完成的任务量分别能提升了约260%和178%。因此,所提方案可以增加ST总平均吞吐量,具有更好的性能。
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2025年第30卷第6期
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doi: 10.13682/j.issn.2095-6533.2025.06.001
  • 接收时间:2024-12-29
  • 首发时间:2026-04-16
  • 出版时间:2025-11-10
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    西安邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,陕西西安 710121
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