Article(id=1304141574422688241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, issueId=1304141567850213817, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2026.03.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758988800000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-28, revisedDate=1766073600000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1788861181120, onlineDateStr=2026-09-08, pubDate=1782576000000, pubDateStr=2026-06-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1788861181120, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1788861181120, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1788861181120, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1304141567850213817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, year='2026', volume='', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='134', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1782576000000', pubDateStr='2026-06-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1788861179554, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1788924930580, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1304408959088092087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, issueId=1304141567850213817, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1304408959088092088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, issueId=1304141567850213817, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=95, endPage=103, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1304141574653374962, articleId=1304141574422688241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, language=EN, title=Fundamental Research on Carbothermal Reduction of WO₃ to Prepare WO₂, columnId=1304141568877814747, journalTitle=Copper Engineering, columnName=Material Preparation and Process Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

WO₂ is the important intermediate product during the carbothermal reduction of WO₃ to WC, and the systematical analysis of the reduction behavior of WO₃ to WO₂ has a significant role on the efficient preparation of WC. Reaction behavior of carbothermal reduction of WO₃ to WO₂ was investigated with adaptation of thermogravimetric (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermodynamic calculation technologies. Influences of different parameters, such as reduction temperature, C/WO₃ molar ratio, and reaction time, on the phase transition and morphological evolution during the process were considered. Results of non-isothermal reduction experiment from room temperature to 1200 ℃ showed that WO₃ was preferentially reduced into WO_2.72, then to WO₂, and finally to metallic W. Phase transition law agreed well with thermodynamic theoretical calculation result. In the range of 1000 to 1050 ℃, with the increase of C/WO₃ molar ratio, the relative content of WO_2.72 in the reaction product gradually decreased, while that of WO₂ increased. Single-phase WO₂ can be prepared at the C/WO₃ molar ratio of 1.1. However, when the C/WO₃ molar ratio increased to 1.2, W formed due to the excess C. During the whole carbothermal reduction process, granular WO₃ was first in contact with honeycomb activated carbon. As the increase of reaction time, heat transfer process began and then chemical reaction between the two reactants occurred to form columnar WO_2.72. Subsequently, the columnar WO_2.72 was further reduced into elliptical WO₂. Based on experimental results, the optimal conditions for preparing well-dispersed WO₂ were determined as follows: reduction temperature of 1050 ℃, C/WO₃ molar ratio of 1.1, and reaction time of 90 min.

, authors=Chunhua Yang¹, Yulong Zhang², Lu Wang^{1, 2}, Aiguo Zhu³, authorsList=Chunhua Yang, Yulong Zhang, Lu Wang, Aiguo Zhu, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lu Wang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1304141575890694643, articleId=1304141574422688241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, language=CN, title=碳热还原WO₃制备WO₂基础研究, columnId=1304141569037198301, journalTitle=铜业工程, columnName=材料制备与加工工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

WO₂是碳热还原WO₃制备WC的重要中间产物，系统研究WO₃→WO₂的碳热还原行为对高效制备WC至关重要。以Ar为反应气氛，结合热重（TG），X射线衍射（XRD），场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）和热力学计算等方法，对碳热还原WO₃制备WO₂的反应行为进行了研究，重点考察了还原温度、C/WO₃摩尔比和反应时间对制备进程中样品物相转变和形貌演变的影响。结果表明，在室温至1200 ℃的变温实验中，WO₃优先还原成WO_2.72，之后还原成WO₂，最后生成金属W。物相转变规律与热力学理论计算结果相符。在1000~1050 ℃范围内，随着C/WO₃摩尔比的增加，反应产物中WO_2.72含量逐渐降低，WO₂含量逐渐升高，并且在C/WO₃摩尔比为1.1时可得单相WO₂。在整个碳热还原过程中，颗粒状WO₃优先与蜂窝状活性炭充分接触并均匀混合。随着反应时间的增加，两者间开始进行热量传输并发生反应生成柱状WO_2.72。之后，柱状WO_2.72再进一步被还原成椭圆形WO₂。并据此得出了制备分散性良好WO₂的最佳条件：还原温度为1050 ℃，C/WO₃摩尔比为1.1，反应时间为90 min。

, authors=杨春华¹, 张宇龙², 王璐^{1, 2}, 朱爱国³, authorsList=杨春华, 张宇龙, 王璐, 朱爱国, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王璐, authorNote=, correspAuthorsNote=, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=TJuSb9g3i0bB6UszH0A29w==, magXml=enaAP91BOfTyGBBLGrBkWQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=x33nOpRZrDSRet8jxs7+Rw==, pdfFileSize=1985278, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=rQG10aj5bMwEuye7XGT+eA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1304141576524034558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, articleId=1304141574422688241, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lqqandych@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1304141576637280768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, articleId=1304141574422688241, authorId=1304141576524034558, language=EN, stringName=Chunhua Yang, firstName=Chunhua, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=¹, address=^1.Taizhou Wulungong Intelligent Technology Co.，Ltd.，Taizhou 225502，China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1304141576733749761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1303687303576780880, articleId=1304141574422688241, authorId=1304141576524034558, language=CN, stringName=杨春华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=¹, address=^1.泰州伍伦肱智能科技有限公司，江苏 泰州 225502, bio={"content":"

杨春华（1988—），男，江苏泰州人，工程师，研究方向：材料成型与调控，E-mail：lqqandych@126.com

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杨春华（1988—），男，江苏泰州人，工程师，研究方向：材料成型与调控，E-mail：lqqandych@126.com

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