Article(id=1312009596122792786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, issueId=1312009474789958403, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1765900800000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-17, revisedDate=1771948800000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-25, acceptedDate=1773763200000, acceptedDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineDate=1790737063674, onlineDateStr=2026-09-30, pubDate=1787846400000, pubDateStr=2026-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790737063674, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790737063674, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790737063674, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1312009474789958403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, year='2026', volume='40', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='488', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787846400000', pubDateStr='2026-08-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790737034746, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790739471092, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1312019693662204413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, issueId=1312009474789958403, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1312019693662204414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, issueId=1312009474789958403, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=35, endPage=45, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1312009596349285203, articleId=1312009596122792786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, language=EN, title=Effects of Electric Field Treatment on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Communities in Karst Rocky Desertification Soil under Dry and Rainy Season Conditions, columnId=1312009514929455370, journalTitle=Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, columnName="Special Issue on Rocky Desertification Control and Ecological Restoration", runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of electric field treatment (ET) on soil microecology in rocky desertification areas under different climatic conditions. Methods Using severely rocky desertified soil as the research subject, a laboratory simulation of the rocky desertification soil habitat along with drought and rainfall processes was conducted. The effects of a continuously operating 20 V electric field treatment on soil physicochemical properties and the structure and functions of bacterial communities were investigated. Results Compared with the control (CK), the electric field treatment significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium during both the dry and rainy seasons, and inhibited the loss of available phosphorus during the dry season. However, the electric field treatment significantly decreased soil water content and pH. Under the electric field treatment, the richness and diversity indices of the soil bacterial communities were significantly reduced in both the dry and rainy seasons. The community structure composition at the genus level differed significantly between the dry and rainy seasons, while the composition at the phylum level remained unchanged. During the dry season, the electric field significantly enriched Proteobacteria, Sphingomonas, Flavisolibacter, and Chthoniobacter. During the rainy season, it significantly enriched Actinobacte-riota, Cyanobacteria, Bradyrhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Dyella, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Catenulispora, Amycolatopsis, Mucilaginibacter, and Edaphobacter. During the rainy season, electric field treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of functions such as photosynthesis (chloroplast) and nitrogen fixation in the soil bacterial community. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and water content were the main environmental factors driving the evolution of the bacterial community. Conclusion Electric field treatment can optimize bacterial community structure and enhance its ecological functions by regulating key soil factors, thereby promoting nutrient cycling and system restoration in rocky desertified soil and providing a theoretical basis for ecological management in rocky desertification areas.

, authors=Jun Hu1, Caishuang Huang1, 2, Yan Wang1, 2, 3, Yungen Liu1, 2, Wenjiao Gao1, Jiaxu Zhang1, Silin Yang1, 2, Danhui Qi1, 2, authorsList=Jun Hu, Caishuang Huang, Yan Wang, Yungen Liu, Wenjiao Gao, Jiaxu Zhang, Silin Yang, Danhui Qi, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Danhui Qi, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1312009597896983394, articleId=1312009596122792786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, language=CN, title=电场处理在干/雨季条件下对喀斯特石漠化土壤理化性质及细菌群落的影响, columnId=1312009515093033228, journalTitle=水土保持学报, columnName=“石漠化防治与生态修复”专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 为探究电场修复技术(ET)在不同气候条件下对石漠化区土壤微生态的调控作用。 方法 以重度石漠化区土壤为研究对象,通过室内模拟石漠化土壤生境及干旱和降雨过程,探究持续运行的20 V电场处理对土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构与功能的影响。 结果 与对照(CK)相比,电场处理在干季与雨季显著增加土壤有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾的含量,抑制有效磷含量在干季流失,但电场处理的存在显著降低土壤含水量和pH。电场处理下干季与雨季土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性指数均显著降低,且干季与雨季细菌属水平群落结构组成差异显著,门水平群落组成不变。在干季,电场显著富集变形菌门、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、黄色土源菌属和西索恩氏菌属;在雨季,显著富集放线菌门、蓝细菌门,慢生根瘤菌属、中生根瘤菌属、德莱氏菌属、Burkholderia⁃Caballeronia⁃Paraburkholderia、嗜酸细小链孢菌属、拟无枝酸菌属、Mucilaginibacter和杆状菌属。在雨季,电场处理显著提高土壤细菌群落中光合作用(叶绿体)及固氮作用等功能的相对丰度。RDA分析表明,土壤碱解氮、有效磷和含水量是驱动细菌群落演变的主要环境因子。 结论 电场处理可通过调节关键土壤因子,优化细菌群落结构并增强其生态功能,从而促进石漠化土壤养分循环与系统恢复,为石漠化地区的生态治理提供理论依据。

, authors=胡俊1, 黄彩双1, 2, 王妍1, 2, 3, 刘云根1, 2, 高文娇1, 张家旭1, 杨思林1, 2, 齐丹卉1, 2, authorsList=胡俊, 黄彩双, 王妍, 刘云根, 高文娇, 张家旭, 杨思林, 齐丹卉, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=齐丹卉, authorNote=

胡俊(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事石漠化修复治理研究。E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
齐丹卉(1979—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事石漠化治理、生态修复研究。E-mail:
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胡俊(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事石漠化修复治理研究。E-mail:

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注:CK、ET分别为无外场处理对照、电场处理;不同小写字母表示同一气候条件下不同处理间差异显著(p<0.05);不同大写字母表示同一处理下不同气候条件间差异显著(p<0.05)。下同。

, figureFileSmall=0uBLWS4loVT20SY3cUxuaw==, figureFileBig=lMfxCZcnk/vqgS6pDVuFjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009601751548840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Principal component analysis (PCA) of soil bacterial communities, figureFileSmall=mmi6mV0jNtDR6h04hZ+XFQ==, figureFileBig=9GNvkVsAvAgu0kpKFZ2FaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009601831240617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=图3, caption=土壤细菌群落主成分(PCA)分析

注:阴影部分为聚类圈,点为土壤样本。

, figureFileSmall=mmi6mV0jNtDR6h04hZ+XFQ==, figureFileBig=9GNvkVsAvAgu0kpKFZ2FaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009601931903914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Composition of soil bacterial communities, figureFileSmall=ZsgWWdgc2lBPT5gU7Qu4jw==, figureFileBig=Fhhj2nqm20bgt06EZZ5T4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602011595691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=图4, caption=土壤细菌群落组成

注:D、R分别表示干季、雨季。下同。

, figureFileSmall=ZsgWWdgc2lBPT5gU7Qu4jw==, figureFileBig=Fhhj2nqm20bgt06EZZ5T4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602091287468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Species differences in soil bacterial communities, figureFileSmall=VG8kpwuY5RG6jR12+xC9WA==, figureFileBig=vPaw1IA4DZjRKOcKhgiGQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602191950765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=图5, caption=土壤细菌群落物种差异

注:图由内至外辐射的圆圈代表由门至属的分类级别。在不同分类级别上的每1个小圆圈代表该水平下的1个分类,小圆圈直径大小与相对丰度大小成正比;无显著差异的物种统一着色为黄色,差异物种跟随组进行着色。

, figureFileSmall=VG8kpwuY5RG6jR12+xC9WA==, figureFileBig=vPaw1IA4DZjRKOcKhgiGQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602301002670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Redundancy analysis of bacterial communities and environmental factors at phylum level under different treatments, figureFileSmall=aEk7A3Or8t+EBJtf69lEmQ==, figureFileBig=jxeverCX9LlnOM8zNx8TCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602384888751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同处理在门水平上细菌群落与环境因子的冗余分析, figureFileSmall=aEk7A3Or8t+EBJtf69lEmQ==, figureFileBig=jxeverCX9LlnOM8zNx8TCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602460386224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Potential functions of soil bacterial communities, figureFileSmall=isYR88zU26HkufKdTZ1q3A==, figureFileBig=bxfNKXwWewh7zFRHndWDDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602527495089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=图7, caption=土壤细菌群落的潜在功能

注:*表示同一气候条件下不同处理间差异显著(p<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=isYR88zU26HkufKdTZ1q3A==, figureFileBig=bxfNKXwWewh7zFRHndWDDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312009602607186866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Effects of climatic conditions, treatment methods, and their interactions on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community α-diversity

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标气候条件处理方式气候条件×处理方式
有机碳11.357**17.259**0.438
碱解氮6.530*29.899**3.450
有效磷56.517**29.597**30.772**
速效钾202.995**0.96682.737**
含水量71.140**9.748**0.745
pH0.95155.440**1.600
Observed species0.02376.596**16.626**
ACE1.69189.271**7.734*
Chao12.97687.236**5.698*
Shannon12.863**71.885**32.876**
Simpson45.853**71.619**52.975**
), ArticleFig(id=1312009602682684339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

气候条件、处理方式及其交互作用对土壤理化性质和细菌群落α多样性的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标气候条件处理方式气候条件×处理方式
有机碳11.357**17.259**0.438
碱解氮6.530*29.899**3.450
有效磷56.517**29.597**30.772**
速效钾202.995**0.96682.737**
含水量71.140**9.748**0.745
pH0.95155.440**1.600
Observed species0.02376.596**16.626**
ACE1.69189.271**7.734*
Chao12.97687.236**5.698*
Shannon12.863**71.885**32.876**
Simpson45.853**71.619**52.975**
), ArticleFig(id=1312009602938536884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Alpha diversity of soil bacterial communities

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Observed speciesACEChao1ShannonSimpson
D-CK3 404.33±228.68Ba5 133.81±338.30Aa5 156.01±361.21Aa6.86±0.13Aa0.997 3±0.000 4Aa
D-ET2 905.67±81.82Ab4 129.82±163.48Ab4 120.33±143.32Ab6.61±0.04Ab0.996 3±0.000 3Ab
R-CK3 823.00±75.18Aa5 356.77±182.70Aa5 254.63±154.13Aa7.05±0.02Aa0.997 7±0.000 2Aa
R-ET2 454.33±268.20Bb3 515.22±312.35Bb3 507.81±302.46Bb5.79±0.27Bb0.985 3±0.002 0Bb
), ArticleFig(id=1312009603009840053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385839672066169, articleId=1312009596122792786, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

土壤细菌群落Alpha多样性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Observed speciesACEChao1ShannonSimpson
D-CK3 404.33±228.68Ba5 133.81±338.30Aa5 156.01±361.21Aa6.86±0.13Aa0.997 3±0.000 4Aa
D-ET2 905.67±81.82Ab4 129.82±163.48Ab4 120.33±143.32Ab6.61±0.04Ab0.996 3±0.000 3Ab
R-CK3 823.00±75.18Aa5 356.77±182.70Aa5 254.63±154.13Aa7.05±0.02Aa0.997 7±0.000 2Aa
R-ET2 454.33±268.20Bb3 515.22±312.35Bb3 507.81±302.46Bb5.79±0.27Bb0.985 3±0.002 0Bb
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电场处理在干/雨季条件下对喀斯特石漠化土壤理化性质及细菌群落的影响
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胡俊 1 , 黄彩双 1, 2 , 王妍 1, 2, 3 , 刘云根 1, 2 , 高文娇 1 , 张家旭 1 , 杨思林 1, 2 , 齐丹卉 1, 2
水土保持学报 | “石漠化防治与生态修复”专栏 2026,40(4): 35-45
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水土保持学报 |“石漠化防治与生态修复”专栏 2026 , 40 (4) : 35 -45
电场处理在干/雨季条件下对喀斯特石漠化土壤理化性质及细菌群落的影响
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胡俊1 , 黄彩双1, 2, 王妍1, 2, 3, 刘云根1, 2, 高文娇1, 张家旭1, 杨思林1, 2, 齐丹卉1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.西南林业大学水土保持学院,昆明 650224
  • 2.云南省山地农村生态环境演变与污染治理重点实验室,昆明 650224
  • 3.国家林业和草原局云南沾益喀斯特生态系统定位观测研究站,云南 曲靖 655333
通讯作者:
齐丹卉(1979—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事石漠化治理、生态修复研究。E-mail:
作者简介:

胡俊(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事石漠化修复治理研究。E-mail:

Effects of Electric Field Treatment on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Communities in Karst Rocky Desertification Soil under Dry and Rainy Season Conditions
Jun Hu1 , Caishuang Huang1, 2, Yan Wang1, 2, 3, Yungen Liu1, 2, Wenjiao Gao1, Jiaxu Zhang1, Silin Yang1, 2, Danhui Qi1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Soil and Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous & Rural Areas of ;Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224,China
  • 3.Zhanyi Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Qujing,Yunnan 655333,China
出版时间: 2026-08-28 doi: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.014
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目的 为探究电场修复技术(ET)在不同气候条件下对石漠化区土壤微生态的调控作用。 方法 以重度石漠化区土壤为研究对象,通过室内模拟石漠化土壤生境及干旱和降雨过程,探究持续运行的20 V电场处理对土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构与功能的影响。 结果 与对照(CK)相比,电场处理在干季与雨季显著增加土壤有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾的含量,抑制有效磷含量在干季流失,但电场处理的存在显著降低土壤含水量和pH。电场处理下干季与雨季土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性指数均显著降低,且干季与雨季细菌属水平群落结构组成差异显著,门水平群落组成不变。在干季,电场显著富集变形菌门、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、黄色土源菌属和西索恩氏菌属;在雨季,显著富集放线菌门、蓝细菌门,慢生根瘤菌属、中生根瘤菌属、德莱氏菌属、Burkholderia⁃Caballeronia⁃Paraburkholderia、嗜酸细小链孢菌属、拟无枝酸菌属、Mucilaginibacter和杆状菌属。在雨季,电场处理显著提高土壤细菌群落中光合作用(叶绿体)及固氮作用等功能的相对丰度。RDA分析表明,土壤碱解氮、有效磷和含水量是驱动细菌群落演变的主要环境因子。 结论 电场处理可通过调节关键土壤因子,优化细菌群落结构并增强其生态功能,从而促进石漠化土壤养分循环与系统恢复,为石漠化地区的生态治理提供理论依据。

石漠化  /  土壤理化性质  /  细菌群落  /  电场处理  /  干季与雨季

Objective This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of electric field treatment (ET) on soil microecology in rocky desertification areas under different climatic conditions. Methods Using severely rocky desertified soil as the research subject, a laboratory simulation of the rocky desertification soil habitat along with drought and rainfall processes was conducted. The effects of a continuously operating 20 V electric field treatment on soil physicochemical properties and the structure and functions of bacterial communities were investigated. Results Compared with the control (CK), the electric field treatment significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium during both the dry and rainy seasons, and inhibited the loss of available phosphorus during the dry season. However, the electric field treatment significantly decreased soil water content and pH. Under the electric field treatment, the richness and diversity indices of the soil bacterial communities were significantly reduced in both the dry and rainy seasons. The community structure composition at the genus level differed significantly between the dry and rainy seasons, while the composition at the phylum level remained unchanged. During the dry season, the electric field significantly enriched Proteobacteria, Sphingomonas, Flavisolibacter, and Chthoniobacter. During the rainy season, it significantly enriched Actinobacte-riota, Cyanobacteria, Bradyrhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Dyella, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Catenulispora, Amycolatopsis, Mucilaginibacter, and Edaphobacter. During the rainy season, electric field treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of functions such as photosynthesis (chloroplast) and nitrogen fixation in the soil bacterial community. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and water content were the main environmental factors driving the evolution of the bacterial community. Conclusion Electric field treatment can optimize bacterial community structure and enhance its ecological functions by regulating key soil factors, thereby promoting nutrient cycling and system restoration in rocky desertified soil and providing a theoretical basis for ecological management in rocky desertification areas.

rocky desertification  /  soil physicochemical properties  /  bacterial community  /  electric field treatment  /  dry and rainy seasons
胡俊, 黄彩双, 王妍, 刘云根, 高文娇, 张家旭, 杨思林, 齐丹卉. 电场处理在干/雨季条件下对喀斯特石漠化土壤理化性质及细菌群落的影响. 水土保持学报, 2026 , 40 (4) : 35 -45 . DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.014
Jun Hu, Caishuang Huang, Yan Wang, Yungen Liu, Wenjiao Gao, Jiaxu Zhang, Silin Yang, Danhui Qi. Effects of Electric Field Treatment on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Communities in Karst Rocky Desertification Soil under Dry and Rainy Season Conditions[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026 , 40 (4) : 35 -45 . DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.014
石漠化是喀斯特生态系统在自然环境脆弱性与人类不合理活动等多重作用下形成的典型土壤退化过程,以其环境异质性高、稳定性差、环境承载力低、水土流失严重等为主要特征,成为限制我国西南地区可持续发展的重大生态和环境问题[1]。土壤作为陆地生态系统中的重要组成部分,其微生物,尤其是作为最大生物类群的细菌,在维持土壤生态系统稳定性与功能方面发挥着不可替代的作用[2]。土壤细菌通过驱动生物地球化学循环,直接参与有机物质降解及碳、氮、磷、钾等关键营养元素的转化,为植物生长与微生物代谢活动提供必需养分[3]。此外,土壤细菌群落对环境变化极为敏感,是土壤质量和生态恢复进程的重要生物指标[4]。
石漠化的发生与发展受地质背景、气候变化及人为干扰等多因素综合影响,导致严重的土壤退化、生物多样性锐减及生态系统功能受损[5]。已有研究[6]表明,石漠化地区普遍存在岩石裸露率高、土层浅薄不连续、土壤碳酸钙富集等现象,致使土壤理化特性恶化,微生物群落严重退化。具体而言,石漠化土壤常表现出强烈的环境异质性,巨大的岩石缝隙和浅薄土壤层差异导致水分和养分的可利用率低(缺水少肥或空间分布不均),土壤孔隙连通性差导致养分元素、离子交换和溶质扩散受阻[7],该类恶劣的微环境条件,共同构成限制土壤微生物群落重建和功能恢复的关键瓶颈。以云南为例,其亚热带季风气候造就分明的干湿两季,而降雨和温度的季节性波动被验证可显著影响石漠化生态系统中土壤细菌的群落组成和功能结构[8]。然而,尽管微生物在维持土壤生产力和生态系统方面发挥着关键作用,但现有的石漠化修复治理[9]中,对土壤微生物种群的监测和维持却常被忽视,许多修复技术未能充分考虑其对微生物的潜在影响。因此,如何有效恢复土壤微生物群落的稳定性和生态功能,已成为石漠化生态系统恢复的关键环节,对改善石漠化地区土壤质量、促进植被恢复至关重要。
近年来,物理场调控技术,特别是直流电场修复技术,因其环境友好、低能耗等优势,在环境修复领域展现巨大潜力。在土壤中施加直流电可诱发一系列电动效应(电渗、电迁移、电泳等)和电化学反应[10]。该类效应可能为针对性改善石漠化土壤的微环境限制提供潜在途径。电渗能驱动土壤孔隙水定向迁移[11],有望缓解石漠化土壤水分分布不均和利用率低的问题,为微生物活动提供充足的水分条件。其次,电迁移与电泳可促进离子和带电粒子的传输[12],可能打破养分元素(如氨氮、磷酸根、钾离子等)在碳酸盐基质上的吸附固定,促进其在土壤中的重新分布与生物可利用性。此外,电极的电化学反应改变土壤环境因素,如土壤pH、含水量和温度等,间接影响土壤微生物的代谢活动[13-15]。电流也可能直接对微生物产生刺激,影响生物细胞的膜通透性、电位、蛋白质、生物大分子的化学键和分子构象,从而影响生物系统自身的代谢能量和生物细胞的结构特征[16]。Hajieghrari等[17]研究发现,施加0.5 V/cm的连续电场可促进盐碱地土壤中水、离子的运移,从而改善微生物的养分可用性,维持土壤微生物的活性。
尽管现有研究[14-17]已证实电场处理能够改善土壤理化微环境和微生物活性的有效性。但是,将电场修复技术应用于喀斯特石漠化该类特殊退化生态系统的研究尚属空白。因此,拟通过室内模拟石漠化土壤生境及干旱和降雨条件,探究持续运行的电场处理对土壤关键理化性质及细菌群落多样性、组成结构和功能的影响。首次尝试揭示电场修复技术与石漠化土壤微生态系统间的内在联系,评估其作为潜在辅助调控工具的可行性,从而为丰富石漠化生态系统的恢复理论和技术储备提供新的科学依据和数据支撑。
研究设置电场处理(electric field treatment, ET)和无电场对照(CK) 2种处理,每种处理设3组重复,共6个试验单元。参考相关研究[17],电场强度电压设定为20 V;电场电极选用石墨电极棒(直径2 cm,长30 cm)。以往研究[17-18]表明,0.5~1 V/cm的电场强度为电场协同生物修复最有效的“窗口条件”,该强度下有利于维持微生物生理活性,刺激生物代谢。本研究中设置的电场强度(0.66 V/cm)在该强度范围内。
试验采用课题组自主设计的多功能石漠化模拟钢槽开展,钢槽尺寸为1.5 m×1 m×0.35 m(图1)。为模拟重度石漠化的立地环境,本研究依据Jiang等[19]提出的石漠化等级的划分标准(重度石漠化岩石裸露率>70%),并结合前期对昆明市石林彝族自治县西街口镇典型石漠化地区的野外调研结果进行试验设计。调研发现,该地区重度石漠化具有土壤层浅薄(<10 cm)、土石分层明显、碎石含量高和坡度陡等特点。基于此,本研究通过调控土石比例和坡度来模拟石漠化环境[20],具体设置为下层铺设碎石,上层覆土。重度石漠化模拟组设置为土层10 cm+基岩层20 cm,坡度30°。供试土壤为采自昆明市石林彝族自治县西街口镇典型石漠化地区的红壤,采样覆盖该镇多个典型重度石漠化片区,在每个片区按S形布点法采集0~20 cm表层土壤,经充分混合后获得相对均质的复合样品。供试土壤有机碳为3.22 g/kg,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾分别为26.17、8.80、63.90 mg/kg,含水量12.3%,pH为7.73。基岩采用直径约为1~2 cm的石灰岩。
电场设置时,将石墨棒埋设在土层表面以上留5 cm,棒间距为30 cm。每个处理槽均匀布设15根石墨棒。用电线将石墨棒与恒压稳流电源相连,电压设为20 V,持续运行电场。为探究电场在不同气候条件下的真实应用状况,本研究依据昆明市石林彝族自治县典型石漠化地区多年气候特征(石林彝族自治县属北亚热带气候区,每年5—10月为雨季,11月至翌年4月为干季,干湿分明,年平均降雨量924.2 mm,年平均降雨日数为93 d),模拟干季和雨季降雨特征。试验从2024年3月初开始至8月底结束。干季,每天使用土壤水分传感器对试验钢槽进行多位定点监测,控制土壤质量含水率水平维持在田间持水量的(60±5)%,室内平均气温控制在15~17 ℃,试验周期为3个月;雨季,使用下喷式喷泵系统模拟降雨,通过调节供水压力实现所需降雨强度,降雨强度为50 mm/h(焦锡桦等[21]研究发现,喀斯特坡地的侵蚀降雨量阈值为50 mm),降雨时长为1 h,降雨频率依据昆明市多年平均降雨日数及处理单元内的土壤湿度设置,共计30场降雨。室内平均气温控制在23~26 ℃,高温时采用遮阳网、自然通风等措施降温,试验周期为3个月。
为探究外场处理对土壤特性的影响,分别于处理开始前、干季与雨季周期结束后采集土壤样品。在每个试验槽内按照S形布点法随机布设采样点,其中,电场处理组的采样点位于石墨棒周围0~10 cm范围。采样时去除表层植物,自上而下采集0~10 cm土层土壤,剔除根系、碎石等杂物后,将各采样点的土壤充分混合成1个土样装入袋中,每个处理采集3份土样,做好编号,带回实验室。将每份土样分成2部分,一部分放在阴凉通风处晾干,用于测定土壤养分;一部分使用-80 ℃干冰冷冻,寄送到上海凌恩生物科技有限公司进行土壤细菌群落测序。
土壤养分指标测定参照土壤农化分析方法[22]。土壤有机碳采用重铬酸钾-外加热法测定,碱解氮和有效磷分别采用碱解扩散法、NaHCO3浸提-钼锑抗比色法测定,速效钾采用火焰光度法测定。土壤pH使用电极法(水土比例为2.5∶1)测定,含水量采用烘干法测定。
土壤微生物由上海凌恩生物科技有限公司采用高通量测序方法检测,使用E.Z.N.A.®土壤DNA检测试剂盒(Omega Bio-tek, Norcross,美国)从土壤样本中提取微生物DNA,使用引物341 F(5′-CCTA-YGGGRBGCASCAG-3′)和806 R(5′-GGACTAC-NNGGGTATCTAAT-3′)对细菌16 SrRNA基因的V3-V4区域进行PCR扩增(反应条件:95 ℃预变性2 min,25个循环,95 ℃变性30 s,55 ℃退火30 s和72 ℃延伸30 s,最后72 ℃延伸5 min)。扩增产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,使用AxyPrep DNA凝胶提取试剂盒(Axygen Biosciences,美国)进行纯化。纯化的PCR产物使用Qubit®3.0 (Life Invitrogen)进行定量检测,通过解旋PCR扩增产生的DNA双链产物并破坏未环化的DNA分子获得DNA文库,并使用IlluminaMiseq平台采用PE300模式进行分析。使用UPARSE按照97%相似性阈值对非重复序列进行OTU聚类,使用UCHIME识别和去除嵌合序列。采用uclust算法结合Silva ( SSU138.2 ) 16S rRNA数据库进行物种注释,置信度阈值为80%。
为更直观地呈现不同处理在干季与雨季的差异,后续分析中对土壤理化性质数据进行标准化处理,以变化率形式表示,计算公式为:
R=(Xt-X0)/X0×100%
式中:R为变化率,%;Xt为处理后的测定值;X0为初始值(雨季以干季数据为基线)。
数据分析在Excel 2021、SPSS 27软件中完成。使用独立样本T检验法检验土壤理化性质、细菌群落Alpha多样性的差异水平,且用双因素方差分析法检验处理方式与气候条件的交互作用的影响,p<0.05为差异显著。基于细菌的OTU分类信息,使用FAPROTAX数据库预测细菌功能特征,采用独立样本T检验法检测不同处理间的差异。Origin 2024软件绘制土壤理化性质、细菌群落组成和功能分析图,使用Canoco5软件绘制土壤理化性质与细菌群落组成的RDA图(土壤理化性质的数据为实测绝对数值),凌波微课平台绘制细菌OTUs Venn图、门水平细菌群落组成的堆积冲击图,微科盟生科云平台对细菌群落进行lefse分析并绘制进化分支图。使用R语言中的“vegan”包计算Alpha多样性指数,包括丰富度指数(Observed species, Chao1和ACE)、多样性指数(Shannon和Simpson);使用主成分分析(PCA)分析不同处理间的细菌群落Beta多样性差异。
电场处理在干季与雨季对土壤理化性质产生显著影响(p<0.05)(图2)。与CK相比,电场处理的土壤有机碳和碱解氮含量在干季与雨季均显著提高(p<0.05),其中,雨季的有机碳含量提升显著低于干季。不同处理下土壤有效磷含量在干季与雨季均呈下降趋势,但电场处理在干季显著抑制其含量流失。电场处理的速效钾含量在干季显著高于CK,在雨季则显著低于CK,但雨季的含量显著高于干季,其变化率分别为2.36%、15.95%。电场处理下土壤含水量在干季与雨季均显著低于CK,但雨季(-5.69%)相较于干季得到显著提升(25.58%)。电场处理显著降低干季和雨季土壤pH,初始值为7.73,电场处理后分别降低至6.37、6.76。
双因素方差分析(表1)进一步揭示,土壤有机碳和含水量受气候条件与处理方式的极显著影响(p<0.01),碱解氮受处理方式和气候条件显著影响(p<0.05),有效磷受气候、处理及其交互作用极显著影响,速效钾受气候条件及气候与处理交互作用极显著影响,而pH仅受处理方式极显著影响。
处理方式、气候与处理交互作用对细菌群落丰富度具有显著影响(p<0.05),气候条件、处理方式和气候与处理交互作用对细菌群落多样性产生极显著影响(p<0.01)(表1)。与CK相比,电场处理在干季与雨季均显著降低土壤细菌群落的丰富度指数(Observed species, Chao1和ACE)和多样性指数(Shannon, Simpson),且雨季显著低于干季(表2)。
采用主成分分析(PCA)分析不同处理对土壤细菌群落差异性的影响(图3)。第1主成分解释总方差的54.25%和82.86%,第2主成分解释总方差的18.29%和12.14%。与CK相比,电场处理导致土壤中的细菌群落结构发生显著变化,且干季与雨季存在较大差异。
Venn图分析结果表明(图4a、图4b),电场与CK处理间共有细菌种群数量在干季与雨季分别为3 309、3 010种,电场处理中的独有细菌种群数量在干季与雨季分别为1 270、1 212种,显著低于CK组(2 133、2 935种)。
选取门和属水平相对丰度前10的细菌群落组成进行分析。在门水平上(图4c、图4d),各处理在干季与雨季的土壤细菌群落组成一致,但相对丰度差异明显。与CK相比,在干季,电场处理的土壤变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度显著增加,放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)的相对丰度提升不显著,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)的丰度则显著降低;在雨季,电场处理的放线菌门和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)的相对丰度显著增加,拟杆菌门提升不显著,疣微菌门、髌骨菌门(Patescibacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimona-dota)和黏球菌门(Myxococcota)的相对丰度显著降低,且该类菌门的丰度与干季的差异显著。
在属水平上(图4e、图4f),与CK相比,在干季,电场处理下土壤中鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、黄色土源菌属(Flavisolibacter)和西索恩氏菌属(Chthoniobacter)显著富集;进入雨季后,鞘氨醇单胞菌属的丰度则显著降低,慢生根瘤菌属(Brad⁃yrhizobium)、嗜酸细小链孢菌属(Catenulispora)、德莱氏菌属(Dyella)、拟无枝酸菌属(Amycolatopsis)、中生根瘤菌属(Mesorhizobium)、Burkholderia⁃Caballeronia⁃Paraburkholderia, Mucilaginibacter、杆状菌属(Edaphobacter)的丰度显著增加。
为了解干旱与降雨条件下,电场处理后土壤细菌群落中显著差异的物种,对不同处理下土壤细菌群落进行Lefse分析。由图5可知,当LDA>4时,各处理间差异性物种从门到属水平在干季有14种,雨季有60种。在干季,CK组富集的差异物种最多(8个),主要分布于绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门;电场处理仅富集6个物种,以变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门为主。在雨季,各处理富集的差异物种数量显著增加。电场处理富集32种差异物种,涵盖变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门、蓝细菌等6大菌门。如罗丹诺杆菌科(Rhodanobactera-ceae)、嗜酸细小链孢菌属(Catenulispora)、酸杆菌纲(Acidobacteriae)、f_Sphingobacteriaceae、放线菌纲(Actinobacteria)、o_Chloroplast等。CK组富集28种,扩展至变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门。如鞘氨醇单胞菌科(Sphingomonadaceae)、α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、假关节杆菌属(Pseudarthro-bacter)、绿弯菌目(Chloroflexales)等。
通过冗余分析(RDA)分析不同处理下土壤理化性质与门水平上前10丰度的细菌群落组间的关联性。由图6可知,2个处理的前2个轴共解释方差的90.89%和94.31%。其中,CK组中土壤碱解氮与拟杆菌门呈显著相关(p=0.045),有效磷、速效钾、含水量与变形菌门、放线菌门和黏球菌门呈显著相关(p<0.05);电场处理下土壤碱解氮与拟杆菌门呈极显著相关(p=0.002),有效磷、含水量与放线菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、疣微菌门、芽单胞菌门等呈显著相关(p<0.05)。综上表明,土壤碱解氮、有效磷与含水量是影响土壤细菌群落组成的主要驱动因子。
基于FAPROTAX数据库的功能预测分析表明,不同处理下土壤细菌群落功能组成在干季与雨季存在显著差异。干季鉴定出66个功能类别,雨季为59个,选取丰度前10的功能组进行分析。由图7可知,前10个主要功能中有6个与有机化合物分解及碳氮循环相关。在干季(图7a),各处理下细菌群落的主要功能是化能异养(chemoheterotrophy)和好氧化能异养(aerobic chemoheterotrophy),与CK相比,电场处理提高2种功能的相对丰度,但其余功能的丰度均低于CK。进入雨季(图7b),电场处理显著增加叶绿体(chloroplasts)固氮作用(nitrogen fixation)的相对丰度,光营养(phototrophy)、光能自养(photoautotrophy)和硝酸盐还原(nitrate reduction)丰度提升不显著,较CK分别增加444.43%、115.99%、75.26%、79.20%和0.70%。同时显著降低动物寄生虫或共生体(animal parasites or symbionts)、人类相关(human associated)和人类病原菌(human pathogens all)的丰度。
土壤含水量是土壤的重要物理性质指标,其含量的多少影响着土壤养分的转化、离子迁移和pH变化[23],作为土壤中基质的溶解和输送的媒介,土壤水分被视为影响电动效应(电渗、电迁移和电泳)和电化学反应的关键因子[24]。在本研究中,施加电场处理后,干季与雨季土壤中的含水量均显著低于CK。该发现与Luo等[25]利用电场辅助植物修复重金属污染土壤中水分降低的研究结果是一致的,推测是因为电流能够促进植物根部的水分吸收率所致。相关研究[24]也发现,电场能够改变土壤表层电荷和水分子偶极子间的静电及电场诱导的电渗流影响土壤水分迁移。此外,电场诱导的电解反应促使土壤水分解成H+和OH-离子,从而降低土壤含水量。同时,该过程导致土壤中H+浓度增加,降低土壤pH[26]。本研究中,电场处理显著降低干季与雨季土壤pH,验证此结论。碳、氮、磷和钾是土壤养分的主要组成元素,对微生物的代谢活动和植物生长起着至关重要的作用[4]。本研究中,电场处理显著增加土壤有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾含量,在干季有效缓解土壤有效磷含量的损失。说明施加电场有利于促进土壤中关键营养元素的转化和循环,增加土壤养分的可利用性。该结果的原因为:首先,电场可能通过改变土壤颗粒表面的电化学特征(如电场强度、电荷数量和电荷密度等)促进营养离子在土壤胶体表面的解吸[27];其次,电解作用引起的土壤pH的降低增加土壤矿物质中磷、钾的溶解性[28-29],带电荷的解吸磷和脱附钾离子在直流电场作用下向相反电极移动,并在电极附近的土壤中积累[30]。Cang等[30]研究发现,高电压处理(2,4 V/cm)的阳极区域积累大量有效磷,阴极区域的速效钾含量显著高于其他土壤区域。结果表明,电场处理能够有效促进土壤营养元素的循环,提高土壤中有效养分水平及供肥能力,为微生物代谢繁殖和植物生长提供必需养分,但同时引起土壤微环境的变化,如含水量和pH。
Alpha多样性是评价土壤微生物群落丰富度和多样性的重要指标,可反映土壤中微生物群落的繁殖情况[13]。本研究中,电场处理下土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性指数均显著低于CK,且雨季显著低于干季。表明电场处理可能对细菌群落施加压力胁迫,从而表现出持续地抑制作用,与已有研究[17]结果一致。可能与电场处理引起的土壤理化性质变化(如含水量和pH)及自身的电化学特性变化有关[31]。相关研究[14]发现,电场引起的pH的剧烈变化导致微生物群落的变化及微生物活性的降低。电场诱导的电解和电渗作用导致土壤含水量减少和不均匀分布影响微生物的代谢活动及其群落结构[15]。本研究通过冗余分析也发现,电场处理下土壤含水量、碱解氮和有效磷是调控细菌群落结构的主要驱动因子。碱解氮的提高为细菌群落提供相对充足的氮源。有效磷与放线菌门呈显著负相关,与疣微菌门、髌骨菌门、芽单胞菌门呈显著正相关,说明此时土壤细菌群落多样性和结构可能更多受磷有效性的调控[32]。诸多研究[14-15]均表明,电场处理通过改变土壤中的电化学特性和理化性质变化,重塑细菌群落的生存策略、调整群落结构组成,有选择地筛选特定适应物种。本研究中,电场处理下土壤细菌群落的主要优势菌门的丰度及菌属的组成在干季与雨季发生显著变化,Lefse分析也证实,电场处理富集的物种发生显著改变。在干季,电场处理主要富集变形菌门、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、黄色土源菌属和西索恩氏菌属。有研究[33]报道,变形菌门具有较强的适应性,在高温、干燥和低氧极端环境中仍然能够代谢生长,且变形菌门是土壤中最丰富的微生物类群,具有降解有机物、溶磷和促进碳氮循环等多重功能,在调控土壤养分循环和微生物群落结构稳定性中发挥重要作用[34]。黄色土源菌属是拟杆菌门的成员,具有降解纤维素、壳聚糖、糖和蛋白质等复杂有机化合物的功能[35]。在雨季,电场处理则显著富集放线菌门、蓝细菌门,慢生根瘤菌属、中生根瘤菌属、德莱氏菌属、Burkholderia⁃Caballeronia⁃Paraburkholderia、嗜酸细小链孢菌属、拟无枝酸菌属、Mucilaginibacter和杆状菌属。慢生根瘤菌属和中生根瘤菌属均是变形菌门下的属,广泛分布于土壤中,特别是农田和受干扰的生态系统中,能够与豆科植物共生固氮,对养分循环起着至关重要的作用,其相对丰度增加说明电场处理下富集与植物共生的固氮菌[36]。嗜酸细小链孢菌属和拟无枝酸菌属属于放线菌门的嗜酸细菌,此类细菌能够适应低pH环境,前者能够分解木质纤维物质,通常在有机物质分解的初始阶段发现[37];后者以产生多种类型的抗生素而闻名,对保护植物免受病原体侵害可能很重要[38],说明放线菌类群在促进土壤生物地球化学循环和维持土壤健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用。该类生物类群分别对应纤维素降解、根系互作与生物固氮等关键生态功能,表明电场处理可能通过富集特定生态功能的关键物种,调整土壤细菌群落结构,推动群落从“抗逆生存”向“功能构建”的策略转变,从而增强土壤细菌群落在土壤中的生态服务功能。
群落功能的预测结果与上述细菌群落结构变化高度一致。在雨季,电场处理显著增强细菌群落的固氮作用和叶绿体等功能,可能归因于相关功能菌属(如慢生根瘤菌属、蓝细菌)的定向富集。有研究[39]报道,蓝细菌是一类可以进行光合作用释放氧气的微生物种群,并具有通过生物固氮过程将大气氮固定的能力。同时,与人类病原体相关的功能丰度显著降低。表明电场处理可能通过筛选特定物种,调控细菌群落结构,进而定向强化与土壤健康和养分循环相关的微生物生态功能,从而为石漠化土壤生态系统的恢复提供可靠的微生物驱动机制。
1)电场处理在干季与雨季显著提高石漠化土壤有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾含量,抑制干季有效磷的损失,同时显著降低土壤含水量和pH。
2)电场处理对土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性表现出持续抑制效果,但优化群落结构,有选择地富集变形菌、放线菌和蓝细菌等生物类群。
3)冗余分析表明,土壤碱解氮、有效磷和含水量是影响细菌群落演变的主要驱动因子。
4)随着电场处理时间的延长,电场处理显著强化细菌群落的叶绿体和固氮功能,同时显著降低动物寄生虫或共生体、人类相关和人类病原菌等功能。
尽管本研究初步揭示,电场处理对石漠化土壤性质及细菌群落的调控潜力,但仍存在诸多的局限性。首先,本研究是在温室控制条件下开展的,所用土壤样本仅是重度石漠化土壤,其理化性质是相对固定的。不同退化程度(轻度、中度、重度)的石漠化土壤的土层厚度、岩石裸露率、基质组成差异巨大,可能对电场的传导性、物质迁移速率及微生物响应产生显著影响。因此,本研究结论的适用性仍需通过更多不同类型石漠化土壤的实证研究加以验证。其次,出于经济性和可行性考虑,本研究仅聚焦细菌群落动态。鉴于真菌在土壤结构形成、有机质分解及植物共生中的关键作用,未来研究应纳入真菌群落分析,以获得微生物对电磁场反应的整体性认知。第三,本研究基于前期文献采用了单一电场强度(20 V),多电压梯度及电极本身(无土壤的电极空白对照)的影响尚未得到探索。需要通过系统性梯度试验来确定优化参数,以在提升土壤功能的同时评估能量效率和成本效益,为规模化应用提供依据。此外,田间规模化应用对电极材料的耐久性、成本、布设方式及操作难度提出了更高要求,都需要未来逐一研究验证。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(32260420)
  • 云南省科技厅/重点项目(202401AS070014)
  • 云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202502AE090046)
  • 西南林业大学水土保持一流学科开放基金项目(sbk20240030)
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2026年第40卷第4期
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doi: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.014
  • 接收时间:2025-12-17
  • 首发时间:2026-09-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2025-12-17
  • 修回日期:2026-02-25
  • 录用日期:2026-03-18
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260420)
云南省科技厅/重点项目(202401AS070014)
云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202502AE090046)
西南林业大学水土保持一流学科开放基金项目(sbk20240030)
作者信息
    1.西南林业大学水土保持学院,昆明 650224
    2.云南省山地农村生态环境演变与污染治理重点实验室,昆明 650224
    3.国家林业和草原局云南沾益喀斯特生态系统定位观测研究站,云南 曲靖 655333

通讯作者:

齐丹卉(1979—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事石漠化治理、生态修复研究。E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/stbcxb/CN/10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.014
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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