Article(id=1284557552503472953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, issueId=1284557500066283983, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.04028, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1749484800000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1784191986442, onlineDateStr=2026-07-16, pubDate=1780848000000, pubDateStr=2026-06-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1784191986442, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1784191986442, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1784191986442, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1284557500066283983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, year='2026', volume='44', issue='6', pageStart='615', pageEnd='728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1780848000000', pubDateStr='2026-06-08', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1784191973939, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1784198004554, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1284582794382783003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, issueId=1284557500066283983, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1284582794382783004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, issueId=1284557500066283983, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=694, endPage=704, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1284557552675439418, articleId=1284557552503472953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, language=EN, title=Determination of 40 carbonyl compounds in ambient air by high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, columnId=1284557539824079109, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Chromatography, columnName=Technical Notes, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Carbonyl compounds (CCs) are a pivotal class of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in ambient air, which are mainly derived from natural emissions, primary emissions from anthropogenic sources, and secondary formation due to atmospheric oxidation. Various classes of CCs have different impacts on human health, and play critical roles in atmospheric photochemical reactions, ozone production, and the formation of secondary organic aerosols. At present, the number of CCs in ambient air determined by traditional methods is limited, especially for high molecular weight monocarbonyl compounds (HMW-MCs) and dicarbonyl compounds (DCs). If more CCs can be accurately determined, it will be beneficial for the study of atmospheric oxidation mechanisms and the formulation of pollution control strategies.In this study, an analytical method was developed that enables simultaneous determination of the 40 CCs in ambient air with a single injection, utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. First, the 16 CCs-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-derivatized single standards were prepared using purified DNPH crystals in the laboratory. Second, the remaining 24 commercial CCs-DNPH-derivatized hybrid standards were purchased. Finally, all the above standards were mixed in a certain proportion to prepare the 40 CCs-DNPH-derivatized hybrid standards for later use. The sample collection procedures (sampling flow rate and sampling duration), the pretreatment methods (elution volume and constant volume), the chromatographic analysis conditions (chromatographic column, the concentration of ammonium acetate, etc.) and the mass spectrometry analysis conditions (ion source parameters, fragmentation voltage, collision energy, etc.) were optimized. Ambient air samples were collected using DNPH cartridges (at a flow rate of 1 L/min, for 4 h), eluted with 4 mL of acetonitrile and diluted to a final volume of 5 mL (the acetonitrile naturally flowed through the DNPH cartridges in the opposite direction to the sampling direction) in a vacuum drying chamber, and then filtered through a 0.22 μm organic filter membrane and transferred to 1.5 mL brown sample bottles prior to instrumental analysis. Chromatographic separation was performed using a Sepax BR-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with mobile phases consisting of 1.0 mmol/L ammonium aqueous solution and acetonitrile under gradient elution conditions. The analysis was performed at a column temperature of 50 ℃ with an injection volume of 5 μL. The target analytes were identified using negative electrospray ionization (ESI-) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes and quantified using the external standard method. The results showed that the 40 CCs exhibited good linearities within the mass concentration range of 2.5–200 μg/L, with the determination coefficients (R2) exceeding 0.997 8. The method detection limits and method quantification limits were established within the ranges of 0.001–0.03 μg/m3 and 0.005–0.12 μg/m3, respectively. The blank spiked recoveries of the target analytes at low, middle, and high concentration levels (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μg) ranged from 75.2% to 119.0%, while the relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=7) ranged from 0.4% to 4.2%. This analytical method was applied to the monitoring of ambient samples in the Pearl River Delta region. Except for 2-furaldehyde and isophorone, 38 CCs were effectively detected. Among these, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and nonanal consistently showed higher concentrations across all sampling sites. Overall, the concentrations of low molecular weight monocarbonyl compounds (LMW-MCs) were moderately higher than those of HMW-MCs, and substantially higher than those of DCs. Compared with conventional methods, this method effectively overcame the limitations in existing approaches regarding the limited variety and detection difficulties of DCs and HMW-MCs. Additionally, it also improved the chromatographic resolution of target analytes which have similar retention times and the same ion pairs. Overall, this method was simple and rapid, offering excellent sensitivity, precision, and chromatographic resolution. It was suitable for the determination of the abovementioned 40 CCs in ambient air.
, authors=Guanghui LI, Shuo DENG, Qinqin LI, Chunlin ZHANG, Yunfeng LIU, Bin JIANG, Qian YAO, Hao WANG, Boguang WANG
*, authorsList=Guanghui LI, Shuo DENG, Qinqin LI, Chunlin ZHANG, Yunfeng LIU, Bin JIANG, Qian YAO, Hao WANG, Boguang WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Boguang WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1284557555322045253, articleId=1284557552503472953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, language=CN, title=高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定环境空气中40种醛酮类化合物, columnId=1284557539970879751, journalTitle=色谱, columnName=技术与应用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
醛酮类化合物(CCs)是环境空气中非常重要的一类含氧挥发性有机物,在大气光化学反应、臭氧生成、二次有机气溶胶形成等过程中具有重要作用。本研究建立了使用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱单次进样同时测定环境空气中40种CCs的分析方法。优化了样品采集、前处理和仪器分析条件。环境空气样品使用2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)管采集(采样流量为1 L/min,采样时长为4 h),采用乙腈洗脱、定容(5 mL),经0.22 μm滤膜过滤后进样分析。采用Sepax BR-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)进行分离,以1.0 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温50 ℃,进样量5 μL,采用负离子电喷雾离子源(ESI)进行多反应监测(MRM)扫描。结果表明,40种CCs在2.5~200 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(R2≥0.997 8),方法检出限为0.001~0.03 μg/m3,方法定量限为0.005~0.12 μg/m3,低、中、高3个水平下的空白加标回收率为75.2%~119.0%,相对标准偏差为0.4%~4.2%。将其应用于珠三角实际样品的分析,除糠醛和异佛尔酮外,其余38种CCs均可有效检出,其中甲醛、乙醛和壬醛的含量在各观测点均较高;整体上,低分子质量单羰基化合物(LMW-MCs)的含量略高于高分子质量单羰基化合物(HMW-MCs),远高于二羰基化合物(DCs)。本方法简便快速,具有良好的灵敏度、精准度和分离度,有效解决了现有方法中DCs和HMW-MCs种类少、检测困难等问题,适用于环境空气中CCs的检测。
, authors=李光辉, 邓硕, 李勤勤, 张春林, 刘云凤, 蒋斌, 姚倩, 王好, 王伯光
*, authorsList=李光辉, 邓硕, 李勤勤, 张春林, 刘云凤, 蒋斌, 姚倩, 王好, 王伯光, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王伯光, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Editorial office of Chinese Journal of Chromatography
本文是开放获取文章,遵循CC BY 4.0协议
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32(5): 821, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1284557564272690093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=HJ 168-2020, refType=null, unstructuredReference=
HJ 168-2020, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1284557560548148108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, awardId=2023YFC3706204, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3706204), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1284557560611062669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, awardId=2023YFC3706204, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3706204), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1284557560686560142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, awardId=2025A1515011304, language=EN, fundingSource=Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515011304), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1284557560749474703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, awardId=2025A1515011304, language=CN, fundingSource=广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2025A1515011304), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1284557555510788934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1284557555519177543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, companyId=1284557555510788934, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Environmental and Climate,Jinan University,Guangzhou 511443,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1284557555527566152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, companyId=1284557555510788934, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=暨南大学环境与气候学院,广东 广州 511443)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1284557557872182141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Extracted ion chromatograms of the 40 CCs-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatives using different chromatographic columnsMobile phases A: 1.0 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution; mobile phases B: acetonitrile; gradient programs: a. 0-12 min, 60%B-75%B, 12-15 min, 75%B-99%B, 15-25 min, 99%B, 25-30 min, 99%B-60%B; b. 0-25 min, 60%B-90%B, 25-30 min, 90%B-95%B, 30-40 min, 95%B, 40-45 min, 95%B-80%B, 45-50 min, 80%B-60%B; c. 0-27 min, 65%B-80%B, 27-30 min, 80%B-95%B, 30-50 min, 95%B, 50-55 min, 95%B-80%B, 55-60 min, 80%B-65%B.
Peaks 1-40 were the same as those in Table 1.
, figureFileSmall=ImTbr2+2r21thnn6ghl4cw==, figureFileBig=hEv1JQBWET2mvmVZPE7/kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557557935096702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
采用不同色谱柱时40种CCs-DNPH衍生物的提取离子色谱图, figureFileSmall=ImTbr2+2r21thnn6ghl4cw==, figureFileBig=hEv1JQBWET2mvmVZPE7/kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557558098674559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Peak areas of the 40 CCs-DNPH derivatives using different concentrations of ammonium acetate (n=3), figureFileSmall=vqH6+xqshSXMS+sIL4t8lA==, figureFileBig=E+T+/9Fw9qiIp+vfg6Cp3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557559726064513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
采用不同质量浓度的乙酸铵时40种CCs-DNPH衍生物的峰面积(n=3), figureFileSmall=vqH6+xqshSXMS+sIL4t8lA==, figureFileBig=E+T+/9Fw9qiIp+vfg6Cp3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557559809950594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Penetrances of the three typical CCs using different (a) sampling flow rates and (b) sampling durations (n=3), figureFileSmall=5L6fMmyNgvL61nMD1btPdw==, figureFileBig=P8Y9Svw51ETn2CFMrkriNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557559885448067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
采用不同(a)采样流量和(b)采样时长时3种代表性CCs的穿透率(n=3), figureFileSmall=5L6fMmyNgvL61nMD1btPdw==, figureFileBig=P8Y9Svw51ETn2CFMrkriNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557559956751236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
(a) Recoveries and (b) elution efficiencies of the three typical CCs using different volumes of elution solvent (n=3), figureFileSmall=9HyiGlvisFwr/heMHVjU0g==, figureFileBig=ED3tBjfrJqKAYtfib5MqjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557560032248709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
采用不同洗脱溶剂量时3种代表性CCs的(a)回收率和(b)洗脱效率(n=3), figureFileSmall=9HyiGlvisFwr/heMHVjU0g==, figureFileBig=ED3tBjfrJqKAYtfib5MqjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557560095163270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Content distributions of the CCs in real samples (n=5)LMW-MCs: low molecular weight monocarbonyl compounds; HMW-MCs: high molecular weight monocarbonyl compounds; DCs: dicarbonyl compounds.
, figureFileSmall=fWiyZX3L1W2WjVfFv3ZedQ==, figureFileBig=jVTkaYkKHUIPLB8fHmn7SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557560153883527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
实际样品中CCs含量分布(n=5), figureFileSmall=fWiyZX3L1W2WjVfFv3ZedQ==, figureFileBig=jVTkaYkKHUIPLB8fHmn7SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1284557560212603784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
MS parameters of the 40 carbonyl compounds (CCs)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Retention time/min | Precursor ion (m/z) | Quantitative product ion (m/z) | Fragmentor/V | Collision energy/eV | Dwell time/ms |
|---|
| 1 | formaldehyde (甲醛)* | 10.30 | 209.1 | 163.0 | 135 | 10 | 200 |
| 2 | acetaldehyde (乙醛)* | 12.22 | 223.1 | 163.1 | 135 | 10 | 200 |
| 3 | 2-furaldehyde (糠醛)* | 13.89 | 275.0 | 228.0 | 110 | 5 | 200 |
| 4 | arolein (丙烯醛)* | 14.35 | 235.1 | 158.2 | 125 | 20 | 200 |
| 5 | acetone (丙酮)* | 14.74 | 237.1 | 207.3 | 120 | 25 | 200 |
| 6 | propionaldehyde (丙醛)* | 15.59 | 237.1 | 162.9 | 115 | 15 | 200 |
| 7 | salicylaldehyde (水杨醛)** | 15.91 | 301.0 | 182.0 | 80 | 5 | 150 |
| 8 | 2-butenal (丁烯醛)* | 17.55 | 249.1 | 172.1 | 75 | 5 | 150 |
| 9 | methacrolein (甲基丙烯醛)* | 18.43 | 249.1 | 172.1 | 75 | 5 | 150 |
| 10 | glyoxal (乙二醛)** | 19.23 | 417.1 | 182.1 | 90 | 10 | 150 |
| 11 | 2-butanone (2-丁酮)* | 19.27 | 251.1 | 152.1 | 115 | 10 | 150 |
| 12 | butanal (丁醛)* | 19.46 | 251.2 | 163.3 | 115 | 15 | 150 |
| 13 | benzaldehyde (苯甲醛)* | 20.28 | 285.2 | 163.1 | 75 | 20 | 200 |
| 14 | isovaleraldehyde (异戊醛)* | 23.11 | 265.2 | 152.1 | 80 | 15 | 200 |
| 15 | 2-pentanone (2-戊酮)** | 23.54 | 265.0 | 152.0 | 115 | 20 | 200 |
| 16 | acetophenone (苯乙酮)** | 23.70 | 299.0 | 254.0 | 125 | 20 | 100 |
| 17 | cyclohexanone (环己酮)* | 23.73 | 277.2 | 247.1 | 95 | 5 | 200 |
| 18 | methylglyoxal (甲基乙二醛)** | 23.96 | 431.1 | 182.1 | 125 | 10 | 150 |
| 19 | pentanal (戊醛)* | 24.05 | 265.2 | 152.2 | 115 | 15 | 200 |
| 20 | p-tolualdehyde (对甲基苯甲醛)* | 24.36 | 299.2 | 163.1 | 125 | 10 | 100 |
| 21 | m-tolualdehyde (间甲基苯甲醛)* | 24.85 | 299.2 | 163.1 | 85 | 10 | 100 |
| 22 | o-tolualdehyde (邻甲基苯甲醛)* | 25.13 | 299.2 | 163.2 | 95 | 10 | 100 |
| 23 | trans-2-hexenal (反式-2-己烯醛)** | 27.10 | 277.0 | 163.3 | 75 | 5 | 100 |
| 24 | methyl isobutyl ketone (甲基异丁基酮)* | 27.53 | 279.2 | 152.2 | 100 | 15 | 100 |
| 25 | hexanal (己醛)* | 29.28 | 279.2 | 152.0 | 90 | 10 | 100 |
| 26 | 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde (2,5-二甲基苯甲醛)* | 29.30 | 313.2 | 181.0 | 85 | 20 | 200 |
| 27 | 2-methylcyclohexanone (2-甲基环己酮)** | 30.47 | 291.0 | 152.2 | 90 | 15 | 200 |
| 28 | 6-methyl-5-hepen-2-one (6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮)** | 32.62 | 305.0 | 152.2 | 100 | 20 | 200 |
| 29 | nopinone (诺蒎酮)** | 33.20 | 317.0 | 152.1 | 105 | 20 | 200 |
| 30 | 2-heptanone (2-庚酮)** | 33.99 | 293.0 | 152.2 | 110 | 5 | 200 |
| 31 | heptanal (庚醛)* | 34.30 | 293.2 | 163.0 | 85 | 5 | 200 |
| 32 | isophorone (异佛尔酮)** | 34.31 | 317.0 | 152.1 | 95 | 10 | 200 |
| 33 | limona ketone (4-乙酰基-1-甲基-环己烯)** | 35.07 | 317.0 | 152.1 | 95 | 10 | 200 |
| 34 | 2-octanone (2-辛酮)** | 36.51 | 307.0 | 152.1 | 85 | 5 | 200 |
| 35 | octanal (辛醛)* | 36.70 | 307.3 | 163.1 | 75 | 10 | 200 |
| 36 | nonanal (壬醛)* | 38.96 | 321.3 | 152.0 | 95 | 15 | 200 |
| 37 | decanal (癸醛)* | 41.70 | 335.2 | 163.0 | 90 | 10 | 200 |
| 38 | undecanal (十一醛)** | 45.05 | 349.0 | 162.8 | 95 | 15 | 200 |
| 39 | dodecanal (十二醛)** | 49.26 | 363.0 | 163.4 | 90 | 15 | 200 |
| 40 | tridecanal (十三醛)** | 54.61 | 377.0 | 162.8 | 95 | 15 | 200 |
), ArticleFig(id=1284557560288101257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
40种CCs的质谱参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Retention time/min | Precursor ion (m/z) | Quantitative product ion (m/z) | Fragmentor/V | Collision energy/eV | Dwell time/ms |
|---|
| 1 | formaldehyde (甲醛)* | 10.30 | 209.1 | 163.0 | 135 | 10 | 200 |
| 2 | acetaldehyde (乙醛)* | 12.22 | 223.1 | 163.1 | 135 | 10 | 200 |
| 3 | 2-furaldehyde (糠醛)* | 13.89 | 275.0 | 228.0 | 110 | 5 | 200 |
| 4 | arolein (丙烯醛)* | 14.35 | 235.1 | 158.2 | 125 | 20 | 200 |
| 5 | acetone (丙酮)* | 14.74 | 237.1 | 207.3 | 120 | 25 | 200 |
| 6 | propionaldehyde (丙醛)* | 15.59 | 237.1 | 162.9 | 115 | 15 | 200 |
| 7 | salicylaldehyde (水杨醛)** | 15.91 | 301.0 | 182.0 | 80 | 5 | 150 |
| 8 | 2-butenal (丁烯醛)* | 17.55 | 249.1 | 172.1 | 75 | 5 | 150 |
| 9 | methacrolein (甲基丙烯醛)* | 18.43 | 249.1 | 172.1 | 75 | 5 | 150 |
| 10 | glyoxal (乙二醛)** | 19.23 | 417.1 | 182.1 | 90 | 10 | 150 |
| 11 | 2-butanone (2-丁酮)* | 19.27 | 251.1 | 152.1 | 115 | 10 | 150 |
| 12 | butanal (丁醛)* | 19.46 | 251.2 | 163.3 | 115 | 15 | 150 |
| 13 | benzaldehyde (苯甲醛)* | 20.28 | 285.2 | 163.1 | 75 | 20 | 200 |
| 14 | isovaleraldehyde (异戊醛)* | 23.11 | 265.2 | 152.1 | 80 | 15 | 200 |
| 15 | 2-pentanone (2-戊酮)** | 23.54 | 265.0 | 152.0 | 115 | 20 | 200 |
| 16 | acetophenone (苯乙酮)** | 23.70 | 299.0 | 254.0 | 125 | 20 | 100 |
| 17 | cyclohexanone (环己酮)* | 23.73 | 277.2 | 247.1 | 95 | 5 | 200 |
| 18 | methylglyoxal (甲基乙二醛)** | 23.96 | 431.1 | 182.1 | 125 | 10 | 150 |
| 19 | pentanal (戊醛)* | 24.05 | 265.2 | 152.2 | 115 | 15 | 200 |
| 20 | p-tolualdehyde (对甲基苯甲醛)* | 24.36 | 299.2 | 163.1 | 125 | 10 | 100 |
| 21 | m-tolualdehyde (间甲基苯甲醛)* | 24.85 | 299.2 | 163.1 | 85 | 10 | 100 |
| 22 | o-tolualdehyde (邻甲基苯甲醛)* | 25.13 | 299.2 | 163.2 | 95 | 10 | 100 |
| 23 | trans-2-hexenal (反式-2-己烯醛)** | 27.10 | 277.0 | 163.3 | 75 | 5 | 100 |
| 24 | methyl isobutyl ketone (甲基异丁基酮)* | 27.53 | 279.2 | 152.2 | 100 | 15 | 100 |
| 25 | hexanal (己醛)* | 29.28 | 279.2 | 152.0 | 90 | 10 | 100 |
| 26 | 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde (2,5-二甲基苯甲醛)* | 29.30 | 313.2 | 181.0 | 85 | 20 | 200 |
| 27 | 2-methylcyclohexanone (2-甲基环己酮)** | 30.47 | 291.0 | 152.2 | 90 | 15 | 200 |
| 28 | 6-methyl-5-hepen-2-one (6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮)** | 32.62 | 305.0 | 152.2 | 100 | 20 | 200 |
| 29 | nopinone (诺蒎酮)** | 33.20 | 317.0 | 152.1 | 105 | 20 | 200 |
| 30 | 2-heptanone (2-庚酮)** | 33.99 | 293.0 | 152.2 | 110 | 5 | 200 |
| 31 | heptanal (庚醛)* | 34.30 | 293.2 | 163.0 | 85 | 5 | 200 |
| 32 | isophorone (异佛尔酮)** | 34.31 | 317.0 | 152.1 | 95 | 10 | 200 |
| 33 | limona ketone (4-乙酰基-1-甲基-环己烯)** | 35.07 | 317.0 | 152.1 | 95 | 10 | 200 |
| 34 | 2-octanone (2-辛酮)** | 36.51 | 307.0 | 152.1 | 85 | 5 | 200 |
| 35 | octanal (辛醛)* | 36.70 | 307.3 | 163.1 | 75 | 10 | 200 |
| 36 | nonanal (壬醛)* | 38.96 | 321.3 | 152.0 | 95 | 15 | 200 |
| 37 | decanal (癸醛)* | 41.70 | 335.2 | 163.0 | 90 | 10 | 200 |
| 38 | undecanal (十一醛)** | 45.05 | 349.0 | 162.8 | 95 | 15 | 200 |
| 39 | dodecanal (十二醛)** | 49.26 | 363.0 | 163.4 | 90 | 15 | 200 |
| 40 | tridecanal (十三醛)** | 54.61 | 377.0 | 162.8 | 95 | 15 | 200 |
), ArticleFig(id=1284557560371987338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Regression equations, determination coefficients (R2), method detection limits (MDLs), method quantification limits (MQLs), recoveries, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the 40 CCs
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | Regression equation | R2 | MDL/(μg/m3) | MQL/(μg/m3) | Recovery/% | RSD/% |
|---|
| Formaldehyde | y=3.80×104x+1.17×101 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 84.8-87.9 | 0.6-0.7 |
| Acetaldehyde | y=1.74×105x+9.81×101 | 0.9998 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 82.3-88.3 | 0.6-1.0 |
| 2-Furaldehyde | y=4.48×105x+3.42×102 | 0.9999 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 75.2-75.7 | 2.8-3.3 |
| Acrolein | y=4.73×105x+3.62×100 | 0.9995 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 76.3-76.4 | 0.7-2.1 |
| Acetone | y=2.73×105x+4.14×102 | 0.9999 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 78.8-79.4 | 0.4-0.9 |
| Propionaldehyde | y=3.58×105x+9.69×102 | 0.9996 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 86.1-87.3 | 1.1-2.4 |
| Salicylaldehyde | y=3.11×105x-3.04×102 | 0.9995 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 79.6-82.5 | 1.2-3.4 |
| 2-Butenal | y=6.56×105x+5.66×102 | 0.9993 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 80.8-83.8 | 1.3-2.5, |
| Methacrolein | y=6.64×105x+1.41×103 | 0.9996 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 83.5-83.6 | 1.5-2.1 |
| Glyoxal | y=4.57×105x+1.16×100 | 0.9995 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 90.3-103.2 | 2.4-3.1 |
| 2-Butanone | y=3.22×105x+2.92×102 | 0.9999 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 87.1-91.3 | 2.5-3.4 |
| Butanal | y=5.74×105x+8.68×102 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 83.1-87.1 | 2.1-3.2 |
| Benzaldehyde | y=5.59×105x+1.32×102 | 0.9996 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 82.5-86.3 | 2.1-4.3 |
| Isovaleraldehyde | y=7.97×105x+9.37×102 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 86.2-87.5 | 1.0-1.2 |
| 2-Pentanone | y=3.37×105x-4.67×102 | 0.9991 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 87.9-103.6 | 1.6-2.7 |
| Acetophenone | y=3.04×105x+6.20×102 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 88.8-109.9 | 2.6-3.3 |
| Cyclohexanone | y=4.09×104x+1.84×101 | 0.9998 | 0.009 | 0.04 | 82.5-83.4 | 3.5-4.6 |
| Methylglyoxal | y=2.35×105x-5.17×102 | 0.9993 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 89.2-103.1 | 3.4-5.1 |
| Pentanal | y=6.65×105x+1.11×103 | 0.9998 | 0.009 | 0.04 | 88.2-89.9 | 2.1-3.3 |
| p-Tolualdehyde | y=7.36×105x-5.01×102 | 0.9996 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 80.0-83.1 | 1.2-1.5 |
| m-Tolualdehyde | y=6.48×105x-7.23×103 | 0.9993 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 82.5-84.3 | 2.1-2.2 |
| o-Tolualdehyde | y=6.14×105x-2.14×102 | 0.9994 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 82.7-83.1 | 2.4-3.4 |
| trans-2-Hexenal | y=9.36×105x-7.59×102 | 0.9994 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 85.9-81.2 | 0.9-1.1 |
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | y=4.38×105x+2.49×102 | 1.0000 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 77.8-81.6 | 2.1-2.2 |
| Hexanal | y=7.16×105x+8.34×102 | 0.9998 | 0.007 | 0.03 | 92.7-88.0 | 1.9-2.1 |
| 2,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde | y=8.75×105x-6.49×102 | 0.9995 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 86.0-103.2 | 1.7-1.8 |
| 2-Methylcyclohexanone | y=1.56×104x-1.18×101 | 0.9992 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 118.1-119.0 | 1.5-1.8 |
| 6-Methyl-5-hepen-2-one | y=3.52×105x-3.94×102 | 0.9986 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 92.9-99.6 | 2.3-3.1 |
| Nopinone | y=5.52×105x-6.48×102 | 0.9993 | 0.002 | 0.01 | 78.3-78.7 | 3.6-4.2 |
| 2-Heptanone | y=4.39×105x+1.97×102 | 0.9994 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 83.5-109.3 | 2.8-3.4 |
| Heptanal | y=1.47×106x+1.83×103 | 0.9997 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 87.6-89.3 | 2.1-3.5 |
| Isophorone | y=7.92×105x-7.23×102 | 0.9991 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 80.7-81.4 | 3.1-3.6 |
| Limona ketone | y=5.01×104x+4.43×101 | 0.9978 | 0.009 | 0.04 | 113.9-116.0 | 3.7-4.1 |
| 2-Octanone | y=6.82×105x-6.68×102 | 0.9989 | 0.003 | 0.01 | 90.8-94.8 | 3.5-4.2 |
| Octanal | y=2.06×106x+2.79×103 | 0.9997 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 88.9-95.6 | 3.7-4.2 |
| Nonanal | y=2.21×106x+2.30×103 | 0.9997 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 88.7-100.3 | 2.3-3.7 |
| Decanal | y=2.46×106x+2.33×103 | 0.9997 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 85.4-91.1 | 3.4-4.6 |
| Undecanal | y=2.30×106x-3.56×103 | 0.9991 | 0.003 | 0.01 | 85.9-88.2 | 2.8-3.2 |
| Dodecanal | y=2.20×106x-3.43×103 | 0.9989 | 0.002 | 0.01 | 89.5-90.1 | 2.7-4.1 |
| Tridecanal | y=5.37×105x-3.52×102 | 0.9994 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 91.0-106.0 | 2.6-3.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1284557560447484811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1284557552503472953, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
40种CCs的回归方程、决定系数、方法检出限、方法定量限、回收率和相对标准偏差
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | Regression equation | R2 | MDL/(μg/m3) | MQL/(μg/m3) | Recovery/% | RSD/% |
|---|
| Formaldehyde | y=3.80×104x+1.17×101 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 84.8-87.9 | 0.6-0.7 |
| Acetaldehyde | y=1.74×105x+9.81×101 | 0.9998 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 82.3-88.3 | 0.6-1.0 |
| 2-Furaldehyde | y=4.48×105x+3.42×102 | 0.9999 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 75.2-75.7 | 2.8-3.3 |
| Acrolein | y=4.73×105x+3.62×100 | 0.9995 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 76.3-76.4 | 0.7-2.1 |
| Acetone | y=2.73×105x+4.14×102 | 0.9999 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 78.8-79.4 | 0.4-0.9 |
| Propionaldehyde | y=3.58×105x+9.69×102 | 0.9996 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 86.1-87.3 | 1.1-2.4 |
| Salicylaldehyde | y=3.11×105x-3.04×102 | 0.9995 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 79.6-82.5 | 1.2-3.4 |
| 2-Butenal | y=6.56×105x+5.66×102 | 0.9993 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 80.8-83.8 | 1.3-2.5, |
| Methacrolein | y=6.64×105x+1.41×103 | 0.9996 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 83.5-83.6 | 1.5-2.1 |
| Glyoxal | y=4.57×105x+1.16×100 | 0.9995 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 90.3-103.2 | 2.4-3.1 |
| 2-Butanone | y=3.22×105x+2.92×102 | 0.9999 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 87.1-91.3 | 2.5-3.4 |
| Butanal | y=5.74×105x+8.68×102 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 83.1-87.1 | 2.1-3.2 |
| Benzaldehyde | y=5.59×105x+1.32×102 | 0.9996 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 82.5-86.3 | 2.1-4.3 |
| Isovaleraldehyde | y=7.97×105x+9.37×102 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 86.2-87.5 | 1.0-1.2 |
| 2-Pentanone | y=3.37×105x-4.67×102 | 0.9991 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 87.9-103.6 | 1.6-2.7 |
| Acetophenone | y=3.04×105x+6.20×102 | 0.9998 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 88.8-109.9 | 2.6-3.3 |
| Cyclohexanone | y=4.09×104x+1.84×101 | 0.9998 | 0.009 | 0.04 | 82.5-83.4 | 3.5-4.6 |
| Methylglyoxal | y=2.35×105x-5.17×102 | 0.9993 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 89.2-103.1 | 3.4-5.1 |
| Pentanal | y=6.65×105x+1.11×103 | 0.9998 | 0.009 | 0.04 | 88.2-89.9 | 2.1-3.3 |
| p-Tolualdehyde | y=7.36×105x-5.01×102 | 0.9996 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 80.0-83.1 | 1.2-1.5 |
| m-Tolualdehyde | y=6.48×105x-7.23×103 | 0.9993 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 82.5-84.3 | 2.1-2.2 |
| o-Tolualdehyde | y=6.14×105x-2.14×102 | 0.9994 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 82.7-83.1 | 2.4-3.4 |
| trans-2-Hexenal | y=9.36×105x-7.59×102 | 0.9994 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 85.9-81.2 | 0.9-1.1 |
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | y=4.38×105x+2.49×102 | 1.0000 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 77.8-81.6 | 2.1-2.2 |
| Hexanal | y=7.16×105x+8.34×102 | 0.9998 | 0.007 | 0.03 | 92.7-88.0 | 1.9-2.1 |
| 2,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde | y=8.75×105x-6.49×102 | 0.9995 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 86.0-103.2 | 1.7-1.8 |
| 2-Methylcyclohexanone | y=1.56×104x-1.18×101 | 0.9992 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 118.1-119.0 | 1.5-1.8 |
| 6-Methyl-5-hepen-2-one | y=3.52×105x-3.94×102 | 0.9986 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 92.9-99.6 | 2.3-3.1 |
| Nopinone | y=5.52×105x-6.48×102 | 0.9993 | 0.002 | 0.01 | 78.3-78.7 | 3.6-4.2 |
| 2-Heptanone | y=4.39×105x+1.97×102 | 0.9994 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 83.5-109.3 | 2.8-3.4 |
| Heptanal | y=1.47×106x+1.83×103 | 0.9997 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 87.6-89.3 | 2.1-3.5 |
| Isophorone | y=7.92×105x-7.23×102 | 0.9991 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 80.7-81.4 | 3.1-3.6 |
| Limona ketone | y=5.01×104x+4.43×101 | 0.9978 | 0.009 | 0.04 | 113.9-116.0 | 3.7-4.1 |
| 2-Octanone | y=6.82×105x-6.68×102 | 0.9989 | 0.003 | 0.01 | 90.8-94.8 | 3.5-4.2 |
| Octanal | y=2.06×106x+2.79×103 | 0.9997 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 88.9-95.6 | 3.7-4.2 |
| Nonanal | y=2.21×106x+2.30×103 | 0.9997 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 88.7-100.3 | 2.3-3.7 |
| Decanal | y=2.46×106x+2.33×103 | 0.9997 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 85.4-91.1 | 3.4-4.6 |
| Undecanal | y=2.30×106x-3.56×103 | 0.9991 | 0.003 | 0.01 | 85.9-88.2 | 2.8-3.2 |
| Dodecanal | y=2.20×106x-3.43×103 | 0.9989 | 0.002 | 0.01 | 89.5-90.1 | 2.7-4.1 |
| Tridecanal | y=5.37×105x-3.52×102 | 0.9994 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 91.0-106.0 | 2.6-3.4 |
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