Article(id=1322946073131614374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, issueId=1322945338570584450, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.01020, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1739635200000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793344522984, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1765123200000, pubDateStr=2025-12-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793344522984, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793344522984, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793344522984, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322945338570584450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, year='2025', volume='43', issue='12', pageStart='1287', pageEnd='1403', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765123200000', pubDateStr='2025-12-08', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793344347851, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793345143825, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322948677182038279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, issueId=1322945338570584450, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322948677182038280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, issueId=1322945338570584450, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1342, endPage=1353, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322946074905804968, articleId=1322946073131614374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, language=EN, title=Determination of 35 pyrrolizidine alkaloids in dried tea by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography- triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, columnId=1284557502633185292, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Chromatography, columnName=Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are natural toxins widely distributed in plants, which naturally occur in about 3% of the world’s flowering plants. To date, more than 660 PAs and their nitrogen oxides have been identified in over 6 000 plants. Some PAs are hepatotoxic, genotoxic and tumorigenic, posing significant health risks to humans. These alkaloids are commonly detected as contaminants in various food products, including tea, grains, milk, honey, as well as plant-derived pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements. Currently, most studies on the quantitative methods for PAs focus on a limited number of PAs and employ an additive quantification strategy, largely due to the challenges associated with chromatographic separation of isomers. These approaches limit the ability to assess exposure and health risk accurately. Herein, a method was established to quantify 35 PAs individually in dried tea samples using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) . The 35 target compounds were divided into two groups. The first group included 30 PAs, while the second group consisted of 5 PAs. These compounds were separated on Waters Acquity BEH C18 (150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) and Thermo AcclaimTM C30 (150 mm×2.1 mm, 3.0 μm) chromatographic columns, respectively. Mobile phases were H2O containning 5 mmol/L ammonium formate and 0.13% formic acid (pH=3) and methanol-acetonitrile (4∶6, volume raio) containing 0.1% formic acid. The 33 target compounds were separated and 2 isomers co-eluted. Under positive-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, target compounds were quantified using the external standard method with the matrix-matched standard curve. The results demonstrated that all target compounds showed good linearity (r2>0.99) in their respective mass concentration ranges. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) of the method were in the range of 0.2-8.0 µg/kg and 0.5-25.0 µg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries of more than 89% compounds were in the range of 70%-130% at spiked levels of 1, 2, and 5 fold-LOQs and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 20% (RSDs of lasiocarpine and echimidine were less than 30%). Moreover, the quantitative method of the 35 PAs was applied to 21 dark tea and 30 black tea samples from Yunnan and Fujian Province, where PAs were detected in 4 dark samples with total contents ranging from 5.07 to 15.48 µg/kg and were not detected in black tea samples. The detection rate of PAs in dark tea samples was higher than that of black tea samples. That might be because most dark tea was processed from fresh leaves picked by machines, and this attribution could be associated with the mixing of weeds containing PAs during tea harvesting. And the detected concentrations of all samples were lower than the maximum levels of tea in European Union regulations, indicating that the tea samples involved in this research are basically safe. In brief, the quantitative method of the 35 PAs facilitates the analysis of the occurrence, composition and potential risks in tea samples.
, authors=Lu DONG
1, Xiaolin ZHANG
2, Chen YANG
1, Jingyan ZHAO
1, Xuemei WANG
1, Yingqian CHU
2, Xuehua LI
1, *, authorsList=Lu DONG, Xiaolin ZHANG, Chen YANG, Jingyan ZHAO, Xuemei WANG, Yingqian CHU, Xuehua LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xuehua LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322946077153951921, articleId=1322946073131614374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, language=CN, title=超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定干茶中35种吡咯里西啶生物碱, columnId=1284557502792568846, journalTitle=色谱, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
吡咯里西啶生物碱(PAs)是一类植物内源产生的次生代谢产物,具有肝毒性、遗传毒性和致癌性等毒性作用。现有研究覆盖PAs种类有限,且由于同分异构体色谱分离难,大多研究采用加和定量策略。因此,本研究基于超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法(UHPLC-MS/MS)建立了干茶样本中欧盟法规限量的35种PAs的分析方法,其中有33种目标化合物获得了色谱分离,可以实现单独定量,有2种异构体共流出,进行加和定量。在电喷雾离子源(ESI)正离子模式下电离、多反应监测(MRM)模式下扫描,35种PAs在各自范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r2>0.99),方法的检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)分别为0.2~8.0 µg/kg和0.5~25.0 µg/kg。在1、2和5倍LOQ加标水平下,茶叶基质中均有89%以上的目标化合物平均回收率为70%~130%,3次平行实验相对标准偏差(RSD)小于20%(蓝蓟定和毛果天芥菜碱RSD小于30%)。应用该方法对21份黑茶和30份红茶样本进行检测,黑茶样本中35种PAs检出率为19.05%,总含量为5.07~15.48 µg/kg,红茶样本中无PAs检出。所建立的分析方法可为茶叶样本中PAs的组成、含量及风险评估提供技术支撑。
, authors=董璐
1, 张晓林
2, 杨晨
1, 赵旌妍
1, 王学梅
1, 褚莹倩
2, 李雪花
1, *, authorsList=董璐, 张晓林, 杨晨, 赵旌妍, 王学梅, 褚莹倩, 李雪花, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李雪花, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Editorial office of Chinese Journal of Chromatography
本文是开放获取文章,遵循CC BY 4.0协议
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Chemical structures of retronecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and otonecine-type PAs, figureFileSmall=wfTVaH9UQluDT+Gr4XFR4Q==, figureFileBig=mrmvGMPDo3SRU9uWmCE1PQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946344901550854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
倒千里光碱型和奥索千里光裂碱型PAs的化学结构, figureFileSmall=wfTVaH9UQluDT+Gr4XFR4Q==, figureFileBig=mrmvGMPDo3SRU9uWmCE1PQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946346591855367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Total ion chromatograms of the 35 PAs with different chromatographic columnsa. column 1: Waters Acquity BEH C18 (150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm); b. column 2: Waters CORTECSTM UPLC C18+ (150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.6 μm); c. column 3: Waters Acquity CSHTM C18 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm); d. column 4: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm); e. column 5: Waters Acquity HSS PFP (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm); f. column 6: Thermo Hypersil gold C18 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.9 μm); g. column 7: Agilent XDB C18 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm); h. column 8: Agilent Poroshell EC-C18 (150 mm×2.1 mm, 2.7 μm).
, figureFileSmall=Xa2B7/+kFsPifGx05ne2qg==, figureFileBig=AJ0iUkQ+LjbDW0TWkibhTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946346671547144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
采用不同色谱柱时35种PAs的总离子流色谱图, figureFileSmall=Xa2B7/+kFsPifGx05ne2qg==, figureFileBig=AJ0iUkQ+LjbDW0TWkibhTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946346738656009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Extracted ion chromatograms of the three groups of isomers with different chromatographic columns, figureFileSmall=kZdixZlBzEuUtYHqmq4b7g==, figureFileBig=Tvmjrvb9WKXpq7+7bBfTQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946346809959178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
采用不同色谱柱时3组同分异构体的提取离子流色谱图, figureFileSmall=kZdixZlBzEuUtYHqmq4b7g==, figureFileBig=Tvmjrvb9WKXpq7+7bBfTQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946346906428171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Extracted ion chromatograms of the 35 PAs, figureFileSmall=eBfUSTx7XrKLF8VeTs0uFw==, figureFileBig=Qc0Mcd6WddmO0ILsKtZLtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946346973537036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
35种PAs的提取离子流色谱图, figureFileSmall=eBfUSTx7XrKLF8VeTs0uFw==, figureFileBig=Qc0Mcd6WddmO0ILsKtZLtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322946347086783245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Information of the 35 target PAs
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Abbr. | Chinese name | CAS No. | Molecular formula |
|---|
| 1 | intermedine | Im | 促黑激素 | 10285-06-0 | C15H25NO5 |
| 2 | rinderine | Rn | 凌德草碱 | 6029-84-1 | C15H25NO5 |
| 3 | indicine | Id | 大尾摇碱 | 480-82-0 | C15H25NO5 |
| 4 | lycopsamine | La | 石松胺 | 10285-07-1 | C15H25NO5 |
| 5 | echinatine | En | 刺凌德草碱 | 480-83-1 | C15H25NO5 |
| 6 | heliotrine | Hn | 天芥菜碱 | 303-33-3 | C16H27NO5 |
| 7 | rinderine-N-oxide | RnN | 凌德草碱氮氧化物 | 137821-16-0 | C15H25NO6 |
| 8 | echinatine-N-oxide | EnN | 刺凌德草碱氮氧化物 | 20267-93-0 | C15H25NO6 |
| 9 | intermedine-N-oxide | ImN | 促黑激素氮氧化物 | 95462-14-9 | C15H25NO6 |
| 10 | indicine-N-oxide | IdN | 大尾摇碱氮氧化物 | 41708-76-3 | C15H25NO6 |
| 11 | lycopsamine-N-oxide | LaN | 石松碱胺氮氧化物 | 95462-15-0 | C15H25NO6 |
| 12 | europine | Eu | 欧天芥菜碱 | 570-19-4 | C16H27NO6 |
| 13 | heliotrine-N-oxide | HnN | 天芥菜碱氮氧化物 | 6209-65-0 | C16H27NO6 |
| 14 | seneciphylline | Sp | 千里光菲林 | 480-81-9 | C18H23NO5 |
| 15 | spartioidine | St | 鹰爪千里光碱 | 520-59-2 | C18H23NO5 |
| 16 | integerrimine | Ir | 全缘千里光碱 | 480-79-5 | C18H25NO5 |
| 17 | senecivernine | Sv | 春千里光碱 | 72755-25-0 | C18H25NO5 |
| 18 | senecionine | Sc | 千里光宁碱 | 130-01-8 | C18H25NO5 |
| 19 | europine-N-oxide | EuN | 欧天芥菜碱氮氧化物 | 65582-53-8 | C16H27NO7 |
| 20 | spartioidine-N-oxide | StN | 鹰爪千里光碱氮氧化物 | 171038165(CID) | C18H23NO6 |
| 21 | seneciphylline-N-oxide | SpN | 千里光菲林氮氧化物 | 38710-26-8 | C18H23NO6 |
| 22 | senecivernine-N-oxide | SvN | 春千里光碱氮氧化物 | 101687-28-9 | C18H25NO6 |
| 23 | integerrimine-N-oxide | IrN | 全缘千里光碱氮氧化物 | 85955-28-8 | C18H25NO6 |
| 24 | senecionine-N-oxide | ScN | 千里光宁碱氮氧化物 | 13268-67-2 | C18H25NO6 |
| 25 | usaramine | Us | 光萼野百合碱 | 15503-87-4 | C18H25NO6 |
| 26 | retrorsine | Re | 倒千里光碱 | 480-54-6 | C18H25NO6 |
| 27 | senkirkine | Sk | 克氏千里光碱 | 2318-18-5 | C19H27NO6 |
| 28 | retrorsine-N-oxide | ReN | 倒千里光碱氮氧化物 | 15503-86-3 | C18H25NO7 |
| 29 | usaramine-N-oxide | UsN | 光萼野百合碱氮氧化物 | 117020-54-9 | C18H25NO7 |
| 30 | heliosupine | Hs | 天芥菜平 | 32728-78-2 | C20H31NO7 |
| 31 | echimidine | Em | 蓝蓟定 | 520-68-3 | C20H31NO7 |
| 32 | lasiocarpine | Lc | 毛果天芥菜碱 | 303-34-4 | C21H33NO7 |
| 33 | echimidine-N-oxide | EmN | 蓝蓟定氮氧化物 | 41093-89-4 | C20H31NO8 |
| 34 | heliosupine-N-oxide | HsN | 天芥菜平氮氧化物 | 31701-88-9 | C20H31NO8 |
| 35 | lasiocarpine-N-oxide | LcN | 毛果天芥菜碱氮氧化物 | 127-30-0 | C21H33NO8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347170669326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
35种目标PAs的信息
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Abbr. | Chinese name | CAS No. | Molecular formula |
|---|
| 1 | intermedine | Im | 促黑激素 | 10285-06-0 | C15H25NO5 |
| 2 | rinderine | Rn | 凌德草碱 | 6029-84-1 | C15H25NO5 |
| 3 | indicine | Id | 大尾摇碱 | 480-82-0 | C15H25NO5 |
| 4 | lycopsamine | La | 石松胺 | 10285-07-1 | C15H25NO5 |
| 5 | echinatine | En | 刺凌德草碱 | 480-83-1 | C15H25NO5 |
| 6 | heliotrine | Hn | 天芥菜碱 | 303-33-3 | C16H27NO5 |
| 7 | rinderine-N-oxide | RnN | 凌德草碱氮氧化物 | 137821-16-0 | C15H25NO6 |
| 8 | echinatine-N-oxide | EnN | 刺凌德草碱氮氧化物 | 20267-93-0 | C15H25NO6 |
| 9 | intermedine-N-oxide | ImN | 促黑激素氮氧化物 | 95462-14-9 | C15H25NO6 |
| 10 | indicine-N-oxide | IdN | 大尾摇碱氮氧化物 | 41708-76-3 | C15H25NO6 |
| 11 | lycopsamine-N-oxide | LaN | 石松碱胺氮氧化物 | 95462-15-0 | C15H25NO6 |
| 12 | europine | Eu | 欧天芥菜碱 | 570-19-4 | C16H27NO6 |
| 13 | heliotrine-N-oxide | HnN | 天芥菜碱氮氧化物 | 6209-65-0 | C16H27NO6 |
| 14 | seneciphylline | Sp | 千里光菲林 | 480-81-9 | C18H23NO5 |
| 15 | spartioidine | St | 鹰爪千里光碱 | 520-59-2 | C18H23NO5 |
| 16 | integerrimine | Ir | 全缘千里光碱 | 480-79-5 | C18H25NO5 |
| 17 | senecivernine | Sv | 春千里光碱 | 72755-25-0 | C18H25NO5 |
| 18 | senecionine | Sc | 千里光宁碱 | 130-01-8 | C18H25NO5 |
| 19 | europine-N-oxide | EuN | 欧天芥菜碱氮氧化物 | 65582-53-8 | C16H27NO7 |
| 20 | spartioidine-N-oxide | StN | 鹰爪千里光碱氮氧化物 | 171038165(CID) | C18H23NO6 |
| 21 | seneciphylline-N-oxide | SpN | 千里光菲林氮氧化物 | 38710-26-8 | C18H23NO6 |
| 22 | senecivernine-N-oxide | SvN | 春千里光碱氮氧化物 | 101687-28-9 | C18H25NO6 |
| 23 | integerrimine-N-oxide | IrN | 全缘千里光碱氮氧化物 | 85955-28-8 | C18H25NO6 |
| 24 | senecionine-N-oxide | ScN | 千里光宁碱氮氧化物 | 13268-67-2 | C18H25NO6 |
| 25 | usaramine | Us | 光萼野百合碱 | 15503-87-4 | C18H25NO6 |
| 26 | retrorsine | Re | 倒千里光碱 | 480-54-6 | C18H25NO6 |
| 27 | senkirkine | Sk | 克氏千里光碱 | 2318-18-5 | C19H27NO6 |
| 28 | retrorsine-N-oxide | ReN | 倒千里光碱氮氧化物 | 15503-86-3 | C18H25NO7 |
| 29 | usaramine-N-oxide | UsN | 光萼野百合碱氮氧化物 | 117020-54-9 | C18H25NO7 |
| 30 | heliosupine | Hs | 天芥菜平 | 32728-78-2 | C20H31NO7 |
| 31 | echimidine | Em | 蓝蓟定 | 520-68-3 | C20H31NO7 |
| 32 | lasiocarpine | Lc | 毛果天芥菜碱 | 303-34-4 | C21H33NO7 |
| 33 | echimidine-N-oxide | EmN | 蓝蓟定氮氧化物 | 41093-89-4 | C20H31NO8 |
| 34 | heliosupine-N-oxide | HsN | 天芥菜平氮氧化物 | 31701-88-9 | C20H31NO8 |
| 35 | lasiocarpine-N-oxide | LcN | 毛果天芥菜碱氮氧化物 | 127-30-0 | C21H33NO8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347254555407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
MS parameters for the 35 PAs
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Retention time/min | Parent ion (m/z) | Product ions (m/z) | DP/V | CEs/eV |
|---|
| Method 1 |
| 1 | Hn | 15.85 | 314.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 90 | 27, 33 |
| 2 | RnN | 9.64 | 316.2 | 111.1*, 172.1 | 125 | 54, 35 |
| 3 | EnN | 9.90 | 316.2 | 111.1*, 172.1 | 120 | 47, 36 |
| 4 | ImN | 10.50 | 316.2 | 138.1*, 172.1 | 100 | 38, 38 |
| 5 | IdN | 10.50 | 316.2 | 172.1*, 94.2 | 105 | 36, 61 |
| 6 | LaN | 10.99 | 316.2 | 138.1*, 172.1 | 115 | 40, 38 |
| 7 | Eu | 8.14 | 330.0 | 138.1*, 254.1 | 100 | 29, 24 |
| 8 | HnN | 17.53 | 330.0 | 111.1*, 172.1 | 140 | 48, 37 |
| 9 | St | 15.99 | 334.2 | 120.3*, 138.3 | 110 | 36, 37 |
| 10 | Sp | 16.49 | 334.2 | 120.3*, 306.1 | 140 | 36, 37 |
| 11 | Ir | 20.96 | 336.1 | 94.2*, 120.3 | 135 | 44, 38 |
| 12 | Sv | 21.27 | 336.1 | 120.3*, 138.1 | 140 | 39, 41 |
| 13 | Sc | 21.78 | 336.1 | 120.3*, 138.1 | 100 | 38, 39 |
| 14 | EuN | 9.19 | 346.0 | 172.1*, 328.3 | 110 | 38, 30 |
| 15 | StN | 17.46 | 350.2 | 118.2*, 94.2 | 140 | 38, 72 |
| 16 | SpN | 18.11 | 350.2 | 120.3*, 118.2 | 150 | 40, 39 |
| 17 | Us | 14.09 | 352.3 | 94.2*, 120.3 | 130 | 36, 41 |
| 18 | Re | 14.56 | 352.3 | 120.3*, 324.1 | 140 | 41, 36 |
| 19 | SvN | 21.90 | 352.3 | 118.2*, 120.3 | 150 | 40, 43 |
| 20 | IrN | 22.15 | 352.3 | 120.3*, 94.2 | 150 | 44, 66 |
| 21 | ScN | 22.76 | 352.3 | 118.2*, 120.3 | 150 | 41, 41 |
| 22 | Sk | 25.07 | 366.2 | 150.1*, 168.1 | 120 | 35, 46 |
| 23 | ReN | 14.93 | 368.2 | 118.2*, 136.2 | 165 | 39, 45 |
| 24 | UsN | 15.12 | 368.2 | 120.3*, 94.2 | 170 | 40, 73 |
| 25 | Hs | 25.00 | 398.2 | 120.3*, 220.2 | 100 | 35, 25 |
| 26 | Em | 25.24 | 398.2 | 120.3*, 220.2 | 100 | 33, 23 |
| 27 | Lc | 28.94 | 412.3 | 120.3*, 336.3 | 115 | 34, 23 |
| 28 | EmN | 24.85 | 414.2 | 254.1*, 352.2 | 120 | 39, 32 |
| 29 | HsN | 26.86 | 414.2 | 94.2*, 254.1 | 140 | 70, 39 |
| 30 | LcN | 30.60 | 428.2 | 136.2*, 254.1 | 130 | 42, 37 |
| Method 2 |
| 31 | Im | 9.73 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 67 | 26, 36 |
| 32 | Rn | 10.54 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 105 | 29, 37 |
| 33 | Id | 11.02 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 94.2 | 110 | 33, 33 |
| 34 | La | 11.44 | 300.2 | 156.1*, 138.1 | 70 | 37, 27 |
| 35 | En | 12.13 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 90 | 29, 35 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347380384528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
35种PAs的质谱参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Retention time/min | Parent ion (m/z) | Product ions (m/z) | DP/V | CEs/eV |
|---|
| Method 1 |
| 1 | Hn | 15.85 | 314.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 90 | 27, 33 |
| 2 | RnN | 9.64 | 316.2 | 111.1*, 172.1 | 125 | 54, 35 |
| 3 | EnN | 9.90 | 316.2 | 111.1*, 172.1 | 120 | 47, 36 |
| 4 | ImN | 10.50 | 316.2 | 138.1*, 172.1 | 100 | 38, 38 |
| 5 | IdN | 10.50 | 316.2 | 172.1*, 94.2 | 105 | 36, 61 |
| 6 | LaN | 10.99 | 316.2 | 138.1*, 172.1 | 115 | 40, 38 |
| 7 | Eu | 8.14 | 330.0 | 138.1*, 254.1 | 100 | 29, 24 |
| 8 | HnN | 17.53 | 330.0 | 111.1*, 172.1 | 140 | 48, 37 |
| 9 | St | 15.99 | 334.2 | 120.3*, 138.3 | 110 | 36, 37 |
| 10 | Sp | 16.49 | 334.2 | 120.3*, 306.1 | 140 | 36, 37 |
| 11 | Ir | 20.96 | 336.1 | 94.2*, 120.3 | 135 | 44, 38 |
| 12 | Sv | 21.27 | 336.1 | 120.3*, 138.1 | 140 | 39, 41 |
| 13 | Sc | 21.78 | 336.1 | 120.3*, 138.1 | 100 | 38, 39 |
| 14 | EuN | 9.19 | 346.0 | 172.1*, 328.3 | 110 | 38, 30 |
| 15 | StN | 17.46 | 350.2 | 118.2*, 94.2 | 140 | 38, 72 |
| 16 | SpN | 18.11 | 350.2 | 120.3*, 118.2 | 150 | 40, 39 |
| 17 | Us | 14.09 | 352.3 | 94.2*, 120.3 | 130 | 36, 41 |
| 18 | Re | 14.56 | 352.3 | 120.3*, 324.1 | 140 | 41, 36 |
| 19 | SvN | 21.90 | 352.3 | 118.2*, 120.3 | 150 | 40, 43 |
| 20 | IrN | 22.15 | 352.3 | 120.3*, 94.2 | 150 | 44, 66 |
| 21 | ScN | 22.76 | 352.3 | 118.2*, 120.3 | 150 | 41, 41 |
| 22 | Sk | 25.07 | 366.2 | 150.1*, 168.1 | 120 | 35, 46 |
| 23 | ReN | 14.93 | 368.2 | 118.2*, 136.2 | 165 | 39, 45 |
| 24 | UsN | 15.12 | 368.2 | 120.3*, 94.2 | 170 | 40, 73 |
| 25 | Hs | 25.00 | 398.2 | 120.3*, 220.2 | 100 | 35, 25 |
| 26 | Em | 25.24 | 398.2 | 120.3*, 220.2 | 100 | 33, 23 |
| 27 | Lc | 28.94 | 412.3 | 120.3*, 336.3 | 115 | 34, 23 |
| 28 | EmN | 24.85 | 414.2 | 254.1*, 352.2 | 120 | 39, 32 |
| 29 | HsN | 26.86 | 414.2 | 94.2*, 254.1 | 140 | 70, 39 |
| 30 | LcN | 30.60 | 428.2 | 136.2*, 254.1 | 130 | 42, 37 |
| Method 2 |
| 31 | Im | 9.73 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 67 | 26, 36 |
| 32 | Rn | 10.54 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 105 | 29, 37 |
| 33 | Id | 11.02 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 94.2 | 110 | 33, 33 |
| 34 | La | 11.44 | 300.2 | 156.1*, 138.1 | 70 | 37, 27 |
| 35 | En | 12.13 | 300.2 | 138.1*, 156.1 | 90 | 29, 35 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347468464913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Linear ranges, regression equations, correlation coefficients (r2), limits of detection (LODs), limits of quantification (LOQs) and matrix effects (MEs) of the 35 PAs
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Linear range/(ng/mL) | Linear equation | r2 | LOD/(μg/kg) | LOQ/(μg/kg) | ME/% |
|---|
| 1 | Im | 1.0‒50 | y=64396.8x‒4097.0 | 0.99957 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 58.78 |
| 2 | Rn | 1.0‒50 | y=54473.0x+4620.6 | 0.99975 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 60.23 |
| 3 | Id | 1.0‒50 | y=93011.4x+11787.3 | 0.99997 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 59.29 |
| 4 | La | 1.0‒50 | y=141403.0x+16000.25 | 0.99989 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 62.63 |
| 5 | En | 1.0‒50 | y=102298.0x+14059.8 | 0.99943 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 62.82 |
| 6 | Hn | 0.5‒50 | y=113915.0x+771.1 | 0.99959 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 30.17 |
| 7 | RnN | 0.5‒50 | y=17860.4x+5398.1 | 0.99882 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 48.99 |
| 8 | EnN | 0.5‒50 | y=11125.4x+5638.8 | 0.99973 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 44.58 |
| 9 | ImN+IdN | 0.5‒50 | y=31401.2x+514.4 | 0.99861 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 41.50 |
| 10 | LaN | 1.0‒50 | y=10096.9x+1671.2 | 0.99833 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 38.91 |
| 11 | Eu | 1.0‒50 | y=33206.8x+104.9 | 0.99894 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 38.84 |
| 12 | HnN | 0.5‒50 | y=8551.7x‒3097.7 | 0.99919 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 33.77 |
| 13 | St | 2.0‒50 | y=20318.3x‒1751.8 | 0.99977 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 30.26 |
| 14 | Sp | 5.0‒50 | y=8454.2x‒640.7 | 0.99780 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 28.95 |
| 15 | Ir | 5.0‒50 | y=2569.1x‒1780.5 | 0.99862 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 24.19 |
| 16 | Sv | 5.0‒50 | y=4156.5x‒2436.8 | 0.99777 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 22.57 |
| 17 | Sc | 5.0‒50 | y=9133.6x‒977.0 | 0.99996 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 23.30 |
| 18 | EuN | 0.5‒50 | y=49642.3x+2209.9 | 0.99969 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 47.76 |
| 19 | StN | 5.0‒50 | y=9330.5x+4833.7 | 0.99989 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 34.17 |
| 20 | SpN | 5.0‒50 | y=5981.4x‒4522.1 | 0.99945 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 34.47 |
| 21 | Us | 5.0‒50 | y=2956.7x‒738.5 | 0.99915 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 35.14 |
| 22 | Re | 5.0‒50 | y=3240.6x+385.7 | 0.99524 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 30.51 |
| 23 | SvN | 5.0‒50 | y=6866.6x+290.6 | 0.99942 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 23.82 |
| 24 | IrN | 5.0‒50 | y=8510.5x‒2032.7 | 0.99867 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 26.62 |
| 25 | ScN | 5.0‒50 | y=2823.5x‒2151.6 | 0.99836 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 22.41 |
| 26 | Sk | 2.0‒50 | y=5586.3x+490.3 | 0.99630 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 16.32 |
| 27 | ReN | 5.0‒50 | y=3956.3x+201.1 | 0.99876 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 40.54 |
| 28 | UsN | 5.0‒50 | y=4269.1x‒1747.5 | 0.99976 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 35.10 |
| 29 | Hs | 0.5‒50 | y=46828.3x+1671.4 | 0.99832 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 19.46 |
| 30 | Em | 0.2‒50 | y=78071.9x+2183.4 | 0.99867 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 21.84 |
| 31 | Lc | 0.1‒50 | y=194483.0x+4496.9 | 0.99933 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 28.93 |
| 32 | EmN | 0.5‒50 | y=45288.1x+1928.7 | 0.99984 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 21.80 |
| 33 | HsN | 1.0‒50 | y=11093.7x+257.6 | 0.99904 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 30.05 |
| 34 | LcN | 1.0‒‒50 | y=9142.0x‒0.5 | 0.99976 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 33.96 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347543962386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
35种PAs的线性范围、回归方程、相关系数(r2)、检出限、定量限和基质效应
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Compound | Linear range/(ng/mL) | Linear equation | r2 | LOD/(μg/kg) | LOQ/(μg/kg) | ME/% |
|---|
| 1 | Im | 1.0‒50 | y=64396.8x‒4097.0 | 0.99957 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 58.78 |
| 2 | Rn | 1.0‒50 | y=54473.0x+4620.6 | 0.99975 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 60.23 |
| 3 | Id | 1.0‒50 | y=93011.4x+11787.3 | 0.99997 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 59.29 |
| 4 | La | 1.0‒50 | y=141403.0x+16000.25 | 0.99989 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 62.63 |
| 5 | En | 1.0‒50 | y=102298.0x+14059.8 | 0.99943 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 62.82 |
| 6 | Hn | 0.5‒50 | y=113915.0x+771.1 | 0.99959 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 30.17 |
| 7 | RnN | 0.5‒50 | y=17860.4x+5398.1 | 0.99882 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 48.99 |
| 8 | EnN | 0.5‒50 | y=11125.4x+5638.8 | 0.99973 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 44.58 |
| 9 | ImN+IdN | 0.5‒50 | y=31401.2x+514.4 | 0.99861 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 41.50 |
| 10 | LaN | 1.0‒50 | y=10096.9x+1671.2 | 0.99833 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 38.91 |
| 11 | Eu | 1.0‒50 | y=33206.8x+104.9 | 0.99894 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 38.84 |
| 12 | HnN | 0.5‒50 | y=8551.7x‒3097.7 | 0.99919 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 33.77 |
| 13 | St | 2.0‒50 | y=20318.3x‒1751.8 | 0.99977 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 30.26 |
| 14 | Sp | 5.0‒50 | y=8454.2x‒640.7 | 0.99780 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 28.95 |
| 15 | Ir | 5.0‒50 | y=2569.1x‒1780.5 | 0.99862 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 24.19 |
| 16 | Sv | 5.0‒50 | y=4156.5x‒2436.8 | 0.99777 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 22.57 |
| 17 | Sc | 5.0‒50 | y=9133.6x‒977.0 | 0.99996 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 23.30 |
| 18 | EuN | 0.5‒50 | y=49642.3x+2209.9 | 0.99969 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 47.76 |
| 19 | StN | 5.0‒50 | y=9330.5x+4833.7 | 0.99989 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 34.17 |
| 20 | SpN | 5.0‒50 | y=5981.4x‒4522.1 | 0.99945 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 34.47 |
| 21 | Us | 5.0‒50 | y=2956.7x‒738.5 | 0.99915 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 35.14 |
| 22 | Re | 5.0‒50 | y=3240.6x+385.7 | 0.99524 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 30.51 |
| 23 | SvN | 5.0‒50 | y=6866.6x+290.6 | 0.99942 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 23.82 |
| 24 | IrN | 5.0‒50 | y=8510.5x‒2032.7 | 0.99867 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 26.62 |
| 25 | ScN | 5.0‒50 | y=2823.5x‒2151.6 | 0.99836 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 22.41 |
| 26 | Sk | 2.0‒50 | y=5586.3x+490.3 | 0.99630 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 16.32 |
| 27 | ReN | 5.0‒50 | y=3956.3x+201.1 | 0.99876 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 40.54 |
| 28 | UsN | 5.0‒50 | y=4269.1x‒1747.5 | 0.99976 | 8.0 | 25.0 | 35.10 |
| 29 | Hs | 0.5‒50 | y=46828.3x+1671.4 | 0.99832 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 19.46 |
| 30 | Em | 0.2‒50 | y=78071.9x+2183.4 | 0.99867 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 21.84 |
| 31 | Lc | 0.1‒50 | y=194483.0x+4496.9 | 0.99933 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 28.93 |
| 32 | EmN | 0.5‒50 | y=45288.1x+1928.7 | 0.99984 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 21.80 |
| 33 | HsN | 1.0‒50 | y=11093.7x+257.6 | 0.99904 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 30.05 |
| 34 | LcN | 1.0‒‒50 | y=9142.0x‒0.5 | 0.99976 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 33.96 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347611071251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Spiked recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the 35 PAs in dried tea samples
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | 1 fold-LOQ | 2 fold-LOQ | 5 fold-LOQ |
|---|
| Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% |
|---|
| Im | 77.29 | 8.40 | 74.00 | 7.81 | 70.77 | 1.65 |
| Rn | 73.23 | 2.83 | 75.02 | 3.92 | 71.02 | 2.36 |
| Id | 72.51 | 5.54 | 71.32 | 2.49 | 71.89 | 3.02 |
| La | 75.46 | 6.20 | 75.02 | 10.46 | 71.50 | 1.93 |
| En | 76.56 | 0.80 | 75.43 | 7.01 | 74.47 | 4.25 |
| Hn | 52.56 | 6.47 | 55.50 | 11.20 | 64.36 | 3.23 |
| RnN | 89.72 | 2.12 | 86.54 | 1.21 | 87.82 | 2.28 |
| EnN | 86.17 | 7.96 | 85.35 | 7.23 | 84.84 | 0.11 |
| ImN+IdN | 90.12 | 2.50 | 90.33 | 4.90 | 88.46 | 0.87 |
| LaN | 86.33 | 2.41 | 83.22 | 8.93 | 83.48 | 1.28 |
| Eu | 68.52 | 8.01 | 66.92 | 9.46 | 68.47 | 3.56 |
| HnN | 78.40 | 3.57 | 78.92 | 11.88 | 79.20 | 1.91 |
| St | 68.88 | 7.33 | 60.10 | 14.92 | 59.84 | 7.45 |
| Sp | 104.83 | 9.73 | 74.43 | 15.79 | 70.78 | 0.67 |
| Ir | 80.66 | 19.14 | 70.75 | 5.86 | 75.83 | 6.86 |
| Sv | 79.40 | 11.35 | 73.07 | 17.40 | 70.84 | 1.77 |
| Sc | 70.03 | 7.16 | 60.82 | 7.76 | 65.36 | 2.85 |
| EuN | 90.46 | 4.06 | 93.64 | 3.38 | 94.13 | 8.77 |
| StN | 76.01 | 17.92 | 78.13 | 16.45 | 78.81 | 4.46 |
| SpN | 78.81 | 19.81 | 76.06 | 12.69 | 81.29 | 5.01 |
| Us | 71.69 | 8.81 | 70.29 | 7.97 | 70.49 | 6.87 |
| Re | 75.85 | 17.86 | 78.37 | 1.75 | 71.51 | 4.47 |
| SvN | 85.33 | 10.10 | 83.44 | 5.51 | 82.32 | 0.48 |
| IrN | 90.31 | 9.42 | 84.74 | 5.89 | 85.63 | 9.30 |
| ScN | 85.41 | 8.42 | 104.88 | 13.53 | 91.32 | 4.85 |
| Sk | 119.47 | 8.82 | 111.97 | 8.43 | 109.40 | 1.55 |
| ReN | 94.96 | 12.04 | 96.95 | 6.23 | 101.59 | 7.41 |
| UsN | 96.71 | 8.71 | 107.00 | 4.05 | 87.87 | 7.73 |
| Hs | 80.79 | 8.30 | 76.59 | 7.85 | 83.69 | 6.06 |
| Em | 82.45 | 22.02 | 75.10 | 20.89 | 73.43 | 3.33 |
| Lc | 96.43 | 27.55 | 90.90 | 10.30 | 100.33 | 5.50 |
| EmN | 111.99 | 6.55 | 98.32 | 16.82 | 98.21 | 2.58 |
| HsN | 70.38 | 12.56 | 82.18 | 7.95 | 90.26 | 1.14 |
| LcN | 76.63 | 4.47 | 84.55 | 5.65 | 85.45 | 3.76 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322946347699151636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840372199657495, articleId=1322946073131614374, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
干茶基质中35种PAs的加标回收率和相对标准偏差
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | 1 fold-LOQ | 2 fold-LOQ | 5 fold-LOQ |
|---|
| Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% |
|---|
| Im | 77.29 | 8.40 | 74.00 | 7.81 | 70.77 | 1.65 |
| Rn | 73.23 | 2.83 | 75.02 | 3.92 | 71.02 | 2.36 |
| Id | 72.51 | 5.54 | 71.32 | 2.49 | 71.89 | 3.02 |
| La | 75.46 | 6.20 | 75.02 | 10.46 | 71.50 | 1.93 |
| En | 76.56 | 0.80 | 75.43 | 7.01 | 74.47 | 4.25 |
| Hn | 52.56 | 6.47 | 55.50 | 11.20 | 64.36 | 3.23 |
| RnN | 89.72 | 2.12 | 86.54 | 1.21 | 87.82 | 2.28 |
| EnN | 86.17 | 7.96 | 85.35 | 7.23 | 84.84 | 0.11 |
| ImN+IdN | 90.12 | 2.50 | 90.33 | 4.90 | 88.46 | 0.87 |
| LaN | 86.33 | 2.41 | 83.22 | 8.93 | 83.48 | 1.28 |
| Eu | 68.52 | 8.01 | 66.92 | 9.46 | 68.47 | 3.56 |
| HnN | 78.40 | 3.57 | 78.92 | 11.88 | 79.20 | 1.91 |
| St | 68.88 | 7.33 | 60.10 | 14.92 | 59.84 | 7.45 |
| Sp | 104.83 | 9.73 | 74.43 | 15.79 | 70.78 | 0.67 |
| Ir | 80.66 | 19.14 | 70.75 | 5.86 | 75.83 | 6.86 |
| Sv | 79.40 | 11.35 | 73.07 | 17.40 | 70.84 | 1.77 |
| Sc | 70.03 | 7.16 | 60.82 | 7.76 | 65.36 | 2.85 |
| EuN | 90.46 | 4.06 | 93.64 | 3.38 | 94.13 | 8.77 |
| StN | 76.01 | 17.92 | 78.13 | 16.45 | 78.81 | 4.46 |
| SpN | 78.81 | 19.81 | 76.06 | 12.69 | 81.29 | 5.01 |
| Us | 71.69 | 8.81 | 70.29 | 7.97 | 70.49 | 6.87 |
| Re | 75.85 | 17.86 | 78.37 | 1.75 | 71.51 | 4.47 |
| SvN | 85.33 | 10.10 | 83.44 | 5.51 | 82.32 | 0.48 |
| IrN | 90.31 | 9.42 | 84.74 | 5.89 | 85.63 | 9.30 |
| ScN | 85.41 | 8.42 | 104.88 | 13.53 | 91.32 | 4.85 |
| Sk | 119.47 | 8.82 | 111.97 | 8.43 | 109.40 | 1.55 |
| ReN | 94.96 | 12.04 | 96.95 | 6.23 | 101.59 | 7.41 |
| UsN | 96.71 | 8.71 | 107.00 | 4.05 | 87.87 | 7.73 |
| Hs | 80.79 | 8.30 | 76.59 | 7.85 | 83.69 | 6.06 |
| Em | 82.45 | 22.02 | 75.10 | 20.89 | 73.43 | 3.33 |
| Lc | 96.43 | 27.55 | 90.90 | 10.30 | 100.33 | 5.50 |
| EmN | 111.99 | 6.55 | 98.32 | 16.82 | 98.21 | 2.58 |
| HsN | 70.38 | 12.56 | 82.18 | 7.95 | 90.26 | 1.14 |
| LcN | 76.63 | 4.47 | 84.55 | 5.65 | 85.45 | 3.76 |
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