Article(id=1207627665956249978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, issueId=1207271180105499439, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241867, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1727971200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-04, revisedDate=1732377600000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765850472201, onlineDateStr=2025-12-16, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765850472201, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765850472201, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765850472201, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1207271180105499439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='220', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765765479351, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765765681303, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1207272027254247478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, issueId=1207271180105499439, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1207272027254247479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, issueId=1207271180105499439, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=73, endPage=77, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1207627666165965195, articleId=1207627665956249978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, language=EN, title=Study on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Geotextile Tubes Filled with Fine-grained Tailings, columnId=null, journalTitle=Water Resources and Power, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The stability of dam construction by tailings accumulation is closely related to the ultimate bearing capacity of geotextile used in dam construction. The fine tailings of Dayu Shilei Tungsten Mine in Ganzhou are used as the filling material. Through the uniaxial compressive strength test of the filling geotextile filled with fine tailings under different consolidation time and different filling degree, the variation law of the ultimate compressive strength of the geotextile and the failure mode of the geotextile and the strength reinforcement mechanism of the bag body are analyzed. The results show that when the geotextile reaches the ultimate compressive strength, the vertical strain is between 20% and 30%; The ultimate compressive strength of geotextile decreases with the increase of tailings filling degree (filling height), and increases with the increase of consolidation time. Under uniaxial compression, the failure position of the geotextile mainly occurs at the bottom of the intermediate geotextile, and the lower the filling degree, the greater the failure range is; The theoretical calculation value of the modified formula of ultimate compressive strength considering the influence of filling degree is compared with the experimental value of ultimate compressive strength, and the error between them is less than 4%. The conclusion can provide reference for similar fine-grained tailings geotextile dam construction.

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模袋法尾矿堆积筑坝的稳定性与筑坝所用模袋体的极限承载能力息息相关。为分析细粒尾矿充填模袋体单轴压缩强度,以赣州大余石雷钨矿细粒尾矿为充填料,通过对细粒尾矿充填模袋体开展不同固结时间和不同充填度下的充填模袋体单轴抗压强度试验,分析了模袋体极限抗压强度变化规律与模袋体的破坏形态及模袋体强度加固机理。研究结果表明,模袋体达到极限抗压强度时,竖向应变在20%~30%之间;模袋体极限抗压强度随尾矿充填度(充灌高度)增加而变小,随固结时间延长而增大;模袋体在单轴压缩下,破坏位置主要发生在中间模袋体底面处,且充填度越低,破坏范围越大;提出的考虑充填度δ影响的极限抗压强度修正公式理论计算值与极限抗压强度试验值对比,两者误差小于4%。研究成果可为类似细粒尾矿模袋法筑坝提供参考。

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刘小文(1968-),男,博士、教授、博导,研究方向为岩土工程性质、尾矿坝稳定性等,E-mail:

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刘小文(1968-),男,博士、教授、博导,研究方向为岩土工程性质、尾矿坝稳定性等,E-mail:

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刘小文(1968-),男,博士、教授、博导,研究方向为岩土工程性质、尾矿坝稳定性等,E-mail:

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=CN, label=图8, caption=尾砂垂直应力与抗剪强度关系曲线, figureFileSmall=R55KGyoDerhCQsKjki9hVA==, figureFileBig=KlhosA1bnm25P6f1oUd0gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207627673090761432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Water content of tailings in geotextile tubes and vertical displacement results of geotextile tubes

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尾砂充灌高度/mm固结时间/d压缩前含水率/%压缩后含水率/%模袋体极限竖向位移/mm
50427.517.237.5
 722.716.834.2
 920.416.129.5
60428.218.547.3
 723.718.039.6
 921.117.134.3
70429.019.156.2
 724.618.454.1
 922.017.945.3
), ArticleFig(id=1207627673157870299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

模袋内尾砂含水率及模袋体竖向位移结果

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尾砂充灌高度/mm固结时间/d压缩前含水率/%压缩后含水率/%模袋体极限竖向位移/mm
50427.517.237.5
 722.716.834.2
 920.416.129.5
60428.218.547.3
 723.718.039.6
 921.117.134.3
70429.019.156.2
 724.618.454.1
 922.017.945.3
), ArticleFig(id=1207627673233367774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Comparison of ultimate compressive strength test value and theoretical value of mold bag body

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固结时间/d尾砂粘聚力/kPa尾砂内摩擦角/(°)极限抗压强度试验值/kPa极限抗压强度理论值/kPa误差/%
46.1028.601 896.801 626.69~2 269.150
712.0231.202 253.80565.24 1 844.50~20
913.0631.902 530.001 906.13~2 649.770
), ArticleFig(id=1207627673321448161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

模袋体极限抗压强度试验值与理论值对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
固结时间/d尾砂粘聚力/kPa尾砂内摩擦角/(°)极限抗压强度试验值/kPa极限抗压强度理论值/kPa误差/%
46.1028.601 896.801 626.69~2 269.150
712.0231.202 253.80565.24 1 844.50~20
913.0631.902 530.001 906.13~2 649.770
), ArticleFig(id=1207627673396945636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Comparison of ultimate compressive strength test value and theoretical value of mold bag body

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
充灌高度/mm固结时间/d尾矿粘聚力/kPa尾矿内摩擦角/(°)极限抗压强度试验值/kPa极限抗压强度理论修正值/kPa误差/%
5049.5030.004354.004 457.57~6 206.922.32
 714.7030.404536.304 582.93~6 363.531.02
 919.9032.304885.005 048.00~6 969.633.23
6046.3629.803683.303 049.31~4 253.430
 712.3430.303830.303 154.11~4 385.170
 917.3031.804130.003 400.84~4 716.930
), ArticleFig(id=1207627673459860198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, articleId=1207627665956249978, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

模袋体极限抗压强度试验值与理论值对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
充灌高度/mm固结时间/d尾矿粘聚力/kPa尾矿内摩擦角/(°)极限抗压强度试验值/kPa极限抗压强度理论修正值/kPa误差/%
5049.5030.004354.004 457.57~6 206.922.32
 714.7030.404536.304 582.93~6 363.531.02
 919.9032.304885.005 048.00~6 969.633.23
6046.3629.803683.303 049.31~4 253.430
 712.3430.303830.303 154.11~4 385.170
 917.3031.804130.003 400.84~4 716.930
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细粒尾矿充填模袋体单轴压缩强度研究
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刘小文 , 范景晖 , 郭飞阳
水电能源科学 | 水工结构、水工材料与水利工程施工 2025,43(9): 73-77
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水电能源科学 | 水工结构、水工材料与水利工程施工 2025, 43(9): 73-77
细粒尾矿充填模袋体单轴压缩强度研究
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刘小文 , 范景晖, 郭飞阳
作者信息
  • 南昌大学工程建设学院,江西 南昌 330031
  • 刘小文(1968-),男,博士、教授、博导,研究方向为岩土工程性质、尾矿坝稳定性等,E-mail:

Study on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Geotextile Tubes Filled with Fine-grained Tailings
Xiao-wen LIU , Jing-hui FAN, Fei-yang GUO
Affiliations
  • School of Infrastructure Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241867
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模袋法尾矿堆积筑坝的稳定性与筑坝所用模袋体的极限承载能力息息相关。为分析细粒尾矿充填模袋体单轴压缩强度,以赣州大余石雷钨矿细粒尾矿为充填料,通过对细粒尾矿充填模袋体开展不同固结时间和不同充填度下的充填模袋体单轴抗压强度试验,分析了模袋体极限抗压强度变化规律与模袋体的破坏形态及模袋体强度加固机理。研究结果表明,模袋体达到极限抗压强度时,竖向应变在20%~30%之间;模袋体极限抗压强度随尾矿充填度(充灌高度)增加而变小,随固结时间延长而增大;模袋体在单轴压缩下,破坏位置主要发生在中间模袋体底面处,且充填度越低,破坏范围越大;提出的考虑充填度δ影响的极限抗压强度修正公式理论计算值与极限抗压强度试验值对比,两者误差小于4%。研究成果可为类似细粒尾矿模袋法筑坝提供参考。

细粒尾矿  /  模袋体  /  抗压强度  /  充填度  /  固结时间

The stability of dam construction by tailings accumulation is closely related to the ultimate bearing capacity of geotextile used in dam construction. The fine tailings of Dayu Shilei Tungsten Mine in Ganzhou are used as the filling material. Through the uniaxial compressive strength test of the filling geotextile filled with fine tailings under different consolidation time and different filling degree, the variation law of the ultimate compressive strength of the geotextile and the failure mode of the geotextile and the strength reinforcement mechanism of the bag body are analyzed. The results show that when the geotextile reaches the ultimate compressive strength, the vertical strain is between 20% and 30%; The ultimate compressive strength of geotextile decreases with the increase of tailings filling degree (filling height), and increases with the increase of consolidation time. Under uniaxial compression, the failure position of the geotextile mainly occurs at the bottom of the intermediate geotextile, and the lower the filling degree, the greater the failure range is; The theoretical calculation value of the modified formula of ultimate compressive strength considering the influence of filling degree is compared with the experimental value of ultimate compressive strength, and the error between them is less than 4%. The conclusion can provide reference for similar fine-grained tailings geotextile dam construction.

fine-grained tailings  /  geotextiles  /  compressive strength  /  filling degree  /  consolidation time
刘小文, 范景晖, 郭飞阳. 细粒尾矿充填模袋体单轴压缩强度研究. 水电能源科学, 2025 , 43 (9) : 73 -77 . DOI: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241867
Xiao-wen LIU, Jing-hui FAN, Fei-yang GUO. Study on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Geotextile Tubes Filled with Fine-grained Tailings[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2025 , 43 (9) : 73 -77 . DOI: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241867
为解决传统细粒尾矿上游式筑坝过程中存在的排渗不畅和稳定性差等问题,模袋法[1]技术被应用到筑坝中。该技术通过将尾矿充填至土工袋中形成一种加筋效果,从而改善细粒尾矿在筑坝时的性能。陈俊生等[2]通过不同填充度下的单轴压缩试验揭示了模袋砂的应力应变规律,明确了填充度与抗压强度之间的定量关系,得出了其极限强度;李巧燕等[3]通过研究不同固结时间下模袋体的摩擦性能和抗压性能,提出了固结时间、摩擦系数及模袋体含水率对其极限承载能力的影响规律;黄波等[4]通过不同编织袋张力条件下的数值模拟研究,揭示了土工袋内土体的强度和剪胀特性,明确了土工布张力对土体强度提升的定量影响;吴月龙等[5]现场试验研究了不同排水形式下模袋堤体的变形、孔隙水压力及固结后的强度,为模袋材料的选型和充填泥浆浓度选择提供了依据;白福青等[6]以广义Mises破坏准则和Lade-Duncan破坏准则为理论基础,推导出土工模袋在三维复杂应力条件下的极限抗压强度公式;MATSUOKA H等[7]通过无侧限抗压试验验证了其简化的模袋砂力学模型。然而,由于细粒尾矿在充填模袋过程中排水和固结时间较长,施工成本较高。工程中常使用排水固结较快的粗粒尾矿,实际细粒尾矿充填模袋法筑坝的案例和研究成果较少。赣州大余石雷钨矿选矿厂原矿处理能力1 200 t/d,尾矿产生量约10.2×104/a,其中70%经螺旋脱水后用作建筑材料,剩余分级细尾矿需要进一步处理。本文以剩余分级细尾矿为充填料,通过多个模袋体堆叠下单轴抗压强度试验,研究不同充填度、不同固结时间对模袋体抗压强度的影响,为该钨矿后续细粒充填模袋筑坝提供技术支持,亦为模袋法筑坝设计与施工提供有益参考。
所用土工模袋为编织土工布,模袋单位面积质量为180 g/m2,其经向抗拉强度T1为35 kN/m,纬向抗拉强度T2为25 kN/m。试验所用尾矿取自赣州大余石雷钨矿旋流分级后的细粒尾矿,其级配曲线见图1。由图1可知,尾矿中小于0.075 mm的颗粒含量约为70%,根据蔡清等[8]对细粒尾矿的定义,尾矿粒径d<0.075 mm的含量小于50%的尾矿即为细粒尾矿,因此该试验尾矿属于细粒尾矿。
为得到不同充填度和固结时间对多个模袋体单轴压缩强度的影响,进行无侧限单轴压缩试验。制备长200 mm×宽200 mm×高80 mm的模袋,且模袋接口处进行3~4次缝制以防接口缝合处在试验过程中发生破坏。充灌浓度采用60%浓度(浓度为烘干尾矿质量与尾矿浆质量之比的百分数)的尾矿砂浆,设计3种充填度:低充填度62.5%,中充填度75%,高充填度87.5%,模袋最大高度为80 mm,换算为充填完成后袋内尾矿高度分别为50、60、70 mm。为使充灌高度稳定在试验设计的高度,首次充灌后,每隔1 h再次进行充灌直至稳定。将每个充填度模袋体平置在支架上,分别在自然条件下固结4、7、9 d后进行抗压强度试验。
试验对堆叠成一体的三个模袋体以恒定速度(10 kN/min)施加竖向荷载。同时在模袋体整体的顶面与底面加了钢板,并使用激光测距仪计算出顶面钢板试验过程中竖向高度的变化以反映模袋整体竖向位移,见图2。在试验前对平行样模袋体内尾矿进行取样,试验后也对模袋体内尾矿取样,测定其含水率。
基于试验记录数据,绘制模袋体在竖向压力作用下的竖向应力—应变关系曲线,见图3。由图3可知,当模袋体达到极限承载能力时,竖向应变在20%~30%之间。轴向应力较小时,轴向应力与轴向应变关系曲线较缓,曲线斜率小,此阶段,模袋表面明显有水被挤出,模袋体的压缩主要是模袋体内孔隙水排出引起的压缩。随着竖向应力增大,曲线的斜率逐渐增大。此阶段,模袋表面已无明显水珠,模袋内尾矿由于前期固结排水,尾矿压缩模量增大,加上土工模袋的拉伸作用会约束尾矿形变。此外,模袋体极限竖向应变会随着固结时间增长而减小。这是由于尾矿的含水率随着固结时间增长而降低,模袋体的压缩变形也越小。
图4为模袋体极限承载力随充灌高度变化曲线,图5为模袋体极限承载力随固结时间变化曲线。图5中H50、H60、H70分别为充灌高度为50、60、70 mm的模袋体。由图4可知,充灌高度相同,模袋体的极限承载力随着固结时间的增长而增大。且固结时间为9 d的模袋体的极限承载力是固结时间为4 d的1.2~1.3倍。这主要是因为模袋内尾砂的粘聚力和内摩擦角均会随着固结时间增长而增大,从而使得模袋体整体的极限承载能力增大。由图5可知,相同的固结时间,模袋体极限承载力随着充灌高度减小而增大。且充灌高度为50 mm的极限承载力是高度为70 mm的极限承载力的2.3~2.6倍,这主要是因为模袋体充灌高度越高,模袋体填充度越大,土工模袋对尾砂的约束作用更大,随着压力的增加,土工模袋的张拉作用也增大,充灌高度高的模袋内的尾砂相较于充灌高度低的更快达到屈服破坏。
将模袋体的极限竖向位移与压缩前后尾矿的含水率汇总,见表1。由表1可知,充灌高度相同,随着自然固结时间的延长,模袋内尾矿含水率相对较小,尾矿压缩性低,模袋体极限竖向位移也小;充填高度越大,相同自然固结时间下,模袋内尾矿含水率相对较大,模袋体极限竖向位移也大。
分析模袋体整体破坏特征,取固结时间为7 d的模袋体进行分析,其破坏形态见图6。由图6可知,模袋体达到抗压强度时,破坏位置均在中间模袋体的底部,主要由于该区域压力集中且界面摩擦力显著,导致应力集中。在压缩过程中,模袋体会受到挤压,模袋内的尾砂向外扩散,导致边缘形状变为椭圆形,但由于缝制模袋时边缘经过反复缝合而不会破坏。并且模袋体破坏范围会因充灌高度的增大而减小,充填度高时尾砂密实度提高,有效应力分布均匀,降低局部软化风险;充填度低时孔隙较大,应力集中加剧,破坏区域增大。此外,尾矿在竖向压力下软化形成剪切带,剪切带滑移导致界面摩擦增强,加速模袋体拉伸变形,使破坏集中在接触界面。
模袋体是指将细粒尾矿与水混合均匀后充填进土工模袋内。模袋体在压缩过程中,土工模袋会形成内部张力T约束尾砂的变形,促使土粒之间的接触作用力N增加。依据摩擦作用原理,土粒间的接触作用增大,土粒间的摩擦强度也会随着增大,即:
式中,F为土粒间摩擦力;μ为土粒间摩擦系数。
而土体的强度由土粒间的摩擦强度决定,因此填充模袋体的强度会明显提高[9]
对土工模袋加固原理的分析通常采用简化模型,将模袋体视为平面应变问题,并进行二维受力分析,如图7所示,图7σf为外部应力,σb为土体在土工袋张力的作用下所产生的附加等效应力。相应假设[10]为:①模袋体简化为一个B×H的矩形截面,其最大主应力σ1的方向与模袋体的宽度B方向垂直,且忽略压缩后的体积变化;②不考虑袋内土体重量影响,简化为平面应变模型;③忽略土体与土工模袋之间的摩擦作用,土工模袋产生的张力T均匀分布,土体受到应力也均匀分布;④土工模袋假定为理想的弹塑性材料。
在假设的基础上,根据摩尔—库伦强度破坏理论,推导出模袋体的极限抗压强度公式:
式中,Kp为土体的被动土压力系数;c为尾砂的粘聚力;φ为土体的内摩擦角。
根据式(2)可知,袋内土体在土工模袋的张力约束作用下,会产生一个附加粘聚力cT。附加粘聚力的大小可反映出土工模袋的加固效果,且其值越大,说明加固的效果越好,附加粘聚力计算式为:
由于松岗元理论公式假设土工模袋为矩形截面且忽略体积变化,仅适用于高充填度的模袋体。将充灌高度为70 mm(充填度87.5%)的模袋体的极限抗压强度试验值与理论值进行对比,其中极限抗压强度试验值为模袋破坏时的极限承载力除以受力面积计算所得。
通过剪切试验,以抗剪强度为纵坐标、垂直压力为横坐标绘制线性拟合曲线,从而确定尾砂的抗剪强度指标,见图8
将模袋尺寸(长200 mm,宽200 mm,高80 mm)与图8中确定的抗剪强度指标代入式(2),可得出在不同固结时间下的尾矿模袋体的极限抗压强度理论值,其中T依据模袋经向与纬向抗拉强度取值,见表2。由表2可知,模袋体的极限抗压强度试验值均在理论值范围内,误差为0,说明松岗元理论值与本文充灌高度为70 mm的模袋体单轴压缩试验结果相符。
由于充灌高度为60、50 mm模袋体的极限抗压强度并不适合该理论,因此本文对松岗元的理论(式(2))做了修正,引入了充填度δ,并将修正后的理论抗压强度值与本文试验结果进行对比,其修正后的极限抗压强度σ1f计算式为:
将相关计算参数代入式(5),汇总见表3。由表3可知,通过理论修正的公式计算,当模袋充灌高度为50 mm(充填度62.5%)时,模袋体的极限抗压强度理论修正值与试验值相差均在4%以内。而当模袋充灌高度为60 mm(充填度75%)时,模袋体的极限抗压强度试验值与修正值吻合。可见,该修正公式与本文试验结果较为接近,且模袋充灌高度越高,即充填度越大时,其误差越小。
a. 无侧限单轴压缩试验结果表明,当模袋体达到极限承载力时,竖向应变在20%~30%之间;延长固结时间能够显著提升模袋体的极限承载力,并减少竖向变形;增加充填度则会降低极限承载力。
b. 竖向压力达到极限承载力时,模袋体破坏主要集中在中间模袋体底部,而增加充填度会缩小破坏范围。
c. 对比极限抗压强度理论值与试验值,发现高充填度下,试验值与松岗元理论值比较吻合。中、低充填度时,考虑到充填度的影响,对松岗元理论公式进行修正,修正后的理论值与试验值误差小于4%,且充填度越大,误差越小。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52169026)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52369024)
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doi: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241867
  • 接收时间:2024-10-04
  • 首发时间:2025-12-16
  • 出版时间:2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-04
  • 修回日期:2024-11-24
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国家自然科学基金项目(52169026)
国家自然科学基金项目(52369024)
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    南昌大学工程建设学院,江西 南昌 330031
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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