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Article(id=1207627664240775903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, issueId=1207271180105499439, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241944, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1729008000000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-16, revisedDate=1731254400000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765850471791, onlineDateStr=2025-12-16, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765850471791, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765850471791, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765850471791, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1207271180105499439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='220', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765765479351, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765765681303, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1207272027254247478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, issueId=1207271180105499439, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1207272027254247479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, issueId=1207271180105499439, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=38, endPage=41, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1207627664412742380, articleId=1207627664240775903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116964453384197, language=EN, title=Evaluation of Infiltration and Water Storage Effect of LID Facilities in Industrial Parks, columnId=null, journalTitle=Water Resources and Power, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To explore the storage effect of functional zoning on different layout methods of LID facilities in industrial parks and identify the optimal LID facility combination scheme, a specific industrial park in Guangdong Province was selected as the subject of study. The software SWMM was employed to investigate the storage effect of individual LID facility layouts and the comprehensive storage benefits of various LID facility combination schemes. The results show that affected by the park's functional zoning, when the downstream greening positions in the study area are concentrated and the rainfall is relatively low, LID facilities installed in the middle of the concentration area demonstrate superior effectiveness compared to those installed downstream. As the rainfall increases, the downstream's storage advantages become fully apparent. When designing LID facility combinations, the scheme combining 5% green roofs and 15% sunken green spaces yields the best storage effect per unit layout area. However, due to the mutual influence among facilities, the effectiveness of this combination scheme is not as good as the arithmetic sum of the data for the individual facilities, failing to produce the desired synergistic effect of "1+1>2".

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为探究工业园区功能分区对园区LID设施不同布局方式调蓄效果的影响及最佳LID设施组合方案，以广东省某工业园区为研究对象，采用SWMM软件分别探究了单项LID设施分区布设的调蓄效果及多种LID设施组合布设方案的综合调蓄效益。结果表明，受园区功能分区影响，当研究区域下游绿化位置集中且降雨量相对较小时，集中中游布设的LID设施效果优于集中下游布设的效果，随着降雨增大，下游的调蓄优势才能充分发挥。LID设施组合设计时，5%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地的组合方案，其单位布设面积调蓄效果最佳。因各设施之间相互影响，组合方案效果不如二者单独布设数据的算术求和，未能产生“1+1>2”的叠加效应。

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李锐（1975-），女，博士、副教授、硕导，研究方向为总图运输优化，E-mail：

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李锐（1975-），女，博士、副教授、硕导，研究方向为总图运输优化，E-mail：

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李锐（1975-），女，博士、副教授、硕导，研究方向为总图运输优化，E-mail：

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SWMM model parameters

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参数名称取值单位参数名称取值单位
不透水地面粗糙系数0.013 最大下渗速率79mm/h
透水地面粗糙系数0.24 最小下渗速率3.3mm/h
不透水地面洼蓄量2mm衰减速率常数2.51/h
透水地面洼蓄量5mm土壤排干时间7d
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研究区域SWMM模型参数

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参数名称取值单位参数名称取值单位
不透水地面粗糙系数0.013 最大下渗速率79mm/h
透水地面粗糙系数0.24 最小下渗速率3.3mm/h
不透水地面洼蓄量2mm衰减速率常数2.51/h
透水地面洼蓄量5mm土壤排干时间7d
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Partition layout runoff control rate

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设计重现期/a不同方案径流控制率/%
方案1方案2方案3方案4方案5方案6方案7
18.6010.379.8916.708.7710.6614.97
28.4910.039.6913.758.6010.6013.77
38.259.709.5212.278.4410.4312.01
57.809.149.0610.778.249.7110.02
107.088.178.239.207.798.128.16
206.417.267.367.966.756.856.87
505.626.256.356.885.595.685.68
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分区布设径流控制率

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设计重现期/a不同方案径流控制率/%
方案1方案2方案3方案4方案5方案6方案7
18.6010.379.8916.708.7710.6614.97
28.4910.039.6913.758.6010.6013.77
38.259.709.5212.278.4410.4312.01
57.809.149.0610.778.249.7110.02
107.088.178.239.207.798.128.16
206.417.267.367.966.756.856.87
505.626.256.356.885.595.685.68
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Partition layout rainfall storage rate

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设计重现期/a各方案降雨存蓄率/%
方案1方案2方案3方案4方案5方案6方案7
110.2911.1710.4416.1110.0611.0813.75
29.7710.6710.0913.819.5910.8813.01
39.4110.299.8812.569.3210.6611.63
58.869.739.4311.229.0210.009.98
108.068.778.639.768.478.548.35
207.327.867.788.577.457.347.18
506.466.846.807.436.296.196.06
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分区布设降雨存蓄率

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设计重现期/a各方案降雨存蓄率/%
方案1方案2方案3方案4方案5方案6方案7
110.2911.1710.4416.1110.0611.0813.75
29.7710.6710.0913.819.5910.8813.01
39.4110.299.8812.569.3210.6611.63
58.869.739.4311.229.0210.009.98
108.068.778.639.768.478.548.35
207.327.867.788.577.457.347.18
506.466.846.807.436.296.196.06
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工业园区LID设施增渗蓄水效果评估
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李锐 1 , 芦华琛 1 , 李宁 2 , 许礼斌 3 , 耿娟 1
水电能源科学 | 水文水资源与环境 2025,43(9): 38-41
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水电能源科学 | 水文水资源与环境 2025, 43(9): 38-41
工业园区LID设施增渗蓄水效果评估
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李锐1 , 芦华琛1, 李宁2, 许礼斌3, 耿娟1
作者信息
  • 1.西安建筑科技大学城市发展与现代交通学院，陕西 西安 710055
  • 2.中国轻工业长沙工程有限公司，湖南 长沙 410114
  • 3.华陆工程科技责任有限公司，陕西 西安 710075

    • 李锐（1975-），女，博士、副教授、硕导，研究方向为总图运输优化，E-mail：

Evaluation of Infiltration and Water Storage Effect of LID Facilities in Industrial Parks
Rui LI1 , Hua-chen LU1, Ning LI2, Li-bin XU3, Juan GENG1
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Urban Development and Modern Transportation, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
  • 2.CHINA CEC Engineering Corporation, Changsha 410114, China
  • 3.Hualu Engineering & Technology CO., LTD., Xi'an 710075, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241944
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摘要
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为探究工业园区功能分区对园区LID设施不同布局方式调蓄效果的影响及最佳LID设施组合方案，以广东省某工业园区为研究对象，采用SWMM软件分别探究了单项LID设施分区布设的调蓄效果及多种LID设施组合布设方案的综合调蓄效益。结果表明，受园区功能分区影响，当研究区域下游绿化位置集中且降雨量相对较小时，集中中游布设的LID设施效果优于集中下游布设的效果，随着降雨增大，下游的调蓄优势才能充分发挥。LID设施组合设计时，5%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地的组合方案，其单位布设面积调蓄效果最佳。因各设施之间相互影响，组合方案效果不如二者单独布设数据的算术求和，未能产生“1+1>2”的叠加效应。

海绵城市  /  工业园区  /  分区布局  /  径流控制  /  降雨存蓄

To explore the storage effect of functional zoning on different layout methods of LID facilities in industrial parks and identify the optimal LID facility combination scheme, a specific industrial park in Guangdong Province was selected as the subject of study. The software SWMM was employed to investigate the storage effect of individual LID facility layouts and the comprehensive storage benefits of various LID facility combination schemes. The results show that affected by the park's functional zoning, when the downstream greening positions in the study area are concentrated and the rainfall is relatively low, LID facilities installed in the middle of the concentration area demonstrate superior effectiveness compared to those installed downstream. As the rainfall increases, the downstream's storage advantages become fully apparent. When designing LID facility combinations, the scheme combining 5% green roofs and 15% sunken green spaces yields the best storage effect per unit layout area. However, due to the mutual influence among facilities, the effectiveness of this combination scheme is not as good as the arithmetic sum of the data for the individual facilities, failing to produce the desired synergistic effect of "1+1>2".

sponge city  /  industrial park  /  zoning layout  /  runoff control  /  rainwater storage
李锐, 芦华琛, 李宁, 许礼斌, 耿娟. 工业园区LID设施增渗蓄水效果评估. 水电能源科学, 2025 , 43 (9) : 38 -41 . DOI: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241944
Rui LI, Hua-chen LU, Ning LI, Li-bin XU, Juan GENG. Evaluation of Infiltration and Water Storage Effect of LID Facilities in Industrial Parks[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2025 , 43 (9) : 38 -41 . DOI: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241944
正文
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1 概况
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某工业园区位于广东省湛江市经济开发区，总面积74 ha，绿地率约为15%。属热带北缘季风气候，年平均降雨量1 395.5~1 723.1 mm。4~9月为多雨季节，8月雨量最多，10月~次年3月雨量较少。该工业园区整体地形南高北低、东高西低，最低点高程8.87 m，最高点高程19.37 m，平均坡度0.57%，竖向设计采用连续平坡布置。根据规划，园区分三期设计，本次研究范围为一、二期设计区域，总面积65 ha，自南向北依次为厂前区、主要生产区及仓储区、辅助生产区（图1）。其中，厂前区包括办公楼、食堂等；主要生产区及仓储区包括各类车间、成品仓库等；辅助生产区包括动力区、中控区及治污设备等。目前，关于LID设施分区布设雨水调蓄作用的研究多从城市角度提出，即便有关于工业园区LID布设的研究，也并未突出功能分区对LID设施布设的影响。因此，本文以广东省湛江市经济开发区某工业园区为对象，利用SWMM模型探究在功能分区的影响下，不同LID设施布设方案的调蓄效果及单位面积布设效益最佳的组合方案，以期为工程实践提供指导。
2 SWMM模型构建
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2.1 模型概化
利用GIS与SWMM软件对研究区域建模，最终概化节点132个，排放口3个，子汇水区133个，管段135个。概化模型见图2。
2.2 降雨过程设计
根据《湛江市区暴雨强度公式及计算图表》，研究区域暴雨强度公式为：
式中，q为设计暴雨强度，L/（s·ha）；P为设计暴雨重现期，a；t为降雨历时，min。
采用芝加哥雨型生成器，模拟暴雨重现期分别取1、2、3、5、10、20、50年，降雨历时2 h，雨峰系数为0.4[1]。不同重现期下降雨过程曲线见图3。
2.3 参数取值及率定
确定性参数已在模型概化阶段确定，不确定性参数主要通过参考《SWMM手册》及文献[1-2]确定，具体取值见表1。
屋面径流系数取值为0.9，混凝土或沥青路面取值为0.85，透水铺装取值为0.5，绿地取值为0.2。通过对不同类型下垫面的径流系数进行加权计算，得到该区域实际综合径流系数为0.768；而模型模拟的综合径流系数为0.760。
利用变异系数法对模型进行参数率定及验证，得到模拟所得综合径流系数的变异系数为1.10%，满足±5%的误差范围，证明该模型准确度较高，符合实际情况。
3 LID设施单项布设方案
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3.1 工业园区LID设施适建性分析
工业园区通常排雨水流量变化大、污染成分复杂、排放压力集中。因此，需针对其不同区域用地特点布设不同的LID设施，如在绿地或后期预留用地建设下沉式绿地处理初期雨水，减轻污染；在满足技术要求的建筑物屋顶采用绿色屋顶，减少雨水径流；在交通量较小、污染较轻的路段、停车场布设透水铺装[3]。
参考《海绵城市建设技术指南》[4]选择下沉式绿地、绿色屋顶探究LID设施在不同设计重现期、不同区域单独布设的调蓄能力及加入透水铺装后的组合方案。
3.2 单项LID设施分区布设方案设计
李顺[5]提出均匀划分上、中、下游有利于提高整个区域排水效率。以设计高程为依据，结合雨水管网特点及功能分区划分，均匀划分研究区域上、中、下游，保证各分区面积基本相等。具体见图4。
受功能分区影响，研究区域各子汇水区不同下垫面类型及占比差异较大，LID设施的最大适建面积也不同[3]。所以七种单独布设方案如下：①方案1。下沉式绿地在上游集中布设；②方案2。下沉式绿地在中游集中布设；③方案3。下沉式绿地在下游集中布设；④方案4。下沉式绿地在研究区域内分散布设；⑤方案5。绿色屋顶在上游集中布设；⑥方案6。绿色屋顶在中游集中布设；⑦方案7。绿色屋顶在研究区域中上游分散布设。
为控制变量，各方案中LID设施的布设面积均为研究区域总面积的5%，不同LID设施在子汇水区的布设比例与其对应下垫面占子汇水区的比例相同。
3.3 分区布设结果分析
3.3.1 径流控制率
分别模拟各方案在不同设计重现期下的径流控制效果可知：不同布设方式下，绿色屋顶和下沉式绿地的径流控制率均随设计重现期的增大而减小。具体结果见表2。
分析可得：①不同重现期下，LID设施径流控制率最佳的单独布设方案为方案4。②重现期P=1、2、3、5年时，若LID设施类型为唯一变量，则LID设施径流控制率为绿色屋顶>下沉式绿地；若布设方式为唯一变量，则LID设施径流控制率为分散布设>集中中游布设>集中下游布设>集中上游布设。③重现期P=10、20、50年时，各方案径流控制率无固定次序，但总体趋势为分散布设>集中布设。
结合研究区域功能分区特点及相对位置关系分析：研究区域下游为辅助生产区，绿化位置相对集中，对应下沉式绿地的布设也相对集中。因此，不同于城市中LID设施集中下游布设径流控制率优于集中中游布设的规律，当研究区域下游绿化位置相对集中，且降雨量相对较小时，下游LID设施的径流削减率受功能分区影响，高程优势无法充分发挥，不如集中布设在中游。当P=10、20、50年时，降雨及地表径流增加，下游的调控优势得到充分发挥。
同时，随着重现期逐渐增大，下沉式绿地和绿色屋顶分散布设的径流控制率减小速率明显高于集中布设。其中下沉式绿地分散布设（方案4）的径流控制率在设计重现期为1~2年下降速率最快，绿色屋顶分散布设（方案7）的径流控制率在设计重现期为2~10年下降速率最快。具体趋势见图5（a）。
3.3.2 降雨存蓄率
作为反映海绵城市建设水平的重要指标，降雨存蓄率指LID设施对雨洪的有效滞蓄量与总降水量的比值。不同重现期下，下沉式绿地和绿色屋顶的降雨存蓄率见表3。由表3可知，所有布设方式下，下沉式绿地和绿色屋顶的降雨存蓄率均随设计重现期的增大而减小；且不同重现期下，LID设施降雨存蓄率最佳的布设方案均为下沉式绿地在研究区域分散布设（方案4）。
各方案的降雨存蓄效果总体为下沉式绿地优于绿色屋顶。下沉式绿地各方案的降雨存蓄率排序为：分散布设>集中中游布设>集中下游布设>集中上游布设。绿色屋顶集中上游布设的雨水存蓄优势则随着重现期的增大逐渐凸显，各方案降雨存蓄率则无固定次序。
与径流控制率相同，随着重现期的增大，两种LID设施分散布设的降雨存蓄率下降速率也明显高于集中布设。其中，下沉式绿地分散布设（方案4）的降雨存蓄率在设计重现期为1~2年下降速率最快，绿色屋顶分散布设（方案7）的降雨存蓄率在设计重现期为2~10年下降速率最快。具体趋势见图5（b）。
4 LID设施组合布设方案
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4.1 组合方案设计
因单项LID设施分区布设结果表明，下沉式绿地在分散布设时的径流控制和降雨存蓄效果均明显优于其他布设方式和绿色屋顶，且研究区域下沉式绿地的最大布设比例为15%，所以以15%下沉式绿地为固定LID设施，并在上游厂前区增设透水铺装，采用分散布设的方式，设计以下五种方案，探究三种LID设施不同比例的布设效果。具体方案如下：①方案A。15%下沉式绿地；②方案B。5%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地；③方案C。2%透水铺装+3%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地；④方案D。10%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地；⑤方案E。2%透水铺装+8%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地。
4.2 组合布设结果分析
4.2.1 径流控制率及降雨存蓄率分析
不同重现期下，方案A~E的径流控制率及降雨存蓄率见图6。由图6可知，随着布设面积增大，LID设施的径流控制率和降雨存蓄率均逐渐增大，五种方案的调蓄效果依次为方案D（10%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地）>方案E>方案B>方案C>方案A；通过方案B、C、D、E的对比可知，总布设面积相同的情况下，透水铺装的加入对组合方案的径流控制率及降雨存蓄率并未起到提升效果。
同时，结合单项LID设施分区布设中方案7的模拟结果可知，由于两种LID设施之间的相互影响，组合方案B“5%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地”的径流控制效果和降雨存蓄效果均不如二者单独布设时的数据算术求和，未能产生“1+1>2”的叠加效应。
4.2.2 单位面积调控效果分析
不同重现期下，方案A~E的LID设施单位面积径流控制率及降雨存蓄率见图7。分析可得，当设计重现期P=1、2年时，五种方案的单位面积径流控制率依次为方案B（5%绿色屋顶+15%下沉式绿地）>方案C>方案A>方案D>方案E；五种方案的单位面积降雨存蓄率依次为方案B>方案A>方案C>方案D>方案E。随着重现期逐渐增大，LID设施种类越多，组合方案的单位面积径流控制效果和降雨存蓄效果均越弱；下沉式绿地单独布设的优势逐渐增大，单位面积布设效益更优。
5 结论
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a. 工业园区受功能分区的影响，当下游绿化集中且降雨量较小时，LID设施集中布设中游效果更好。随着重现期增大，集中下游布设的效果才能充分发挥。
b. 因LID设施之间相互影响，组合方案的调蓄效果均不如单独布设数据的算术求和，未能产生预期的叠加效应。
基金
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  • 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2021JM.354)
  • 西安建筑科技大学2022年度新型城镇化专项研究基金项目(2022SCHZ14)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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李卓熹, 秦华鹏, 谢坤. 不同降雨条件下低冲击开发的水文效应分析[J]. 中国给水排水, 2012, 28(21): 37-41.
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胡金辉, 韩铭洋, 吴泽新, 等. 基于SWMM和LISFLOOD-FP模型的居住区低影响开发模拟评价[J]. 水电能源科学, 2023, 41(9): 68-72.
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胡君剑, 艾庆华. 低影响开发在工业园区中的应用探讨[J]. 给水排水, 2017, 43(): 178-181.
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中国住房和城乡建设部. 海绵城市建设技术指南——低影响开发雨水系统构建(试行)[Z].2014.
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李顺. 基于SWMM模型的某工业园区LID方案研究[D]. 合肥: 安徽建筑大学, 2022.
2025年第43卷第9期
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doi: 10.20040/j.cnki.1000-7709.2025.20241944
  • 接收时间：2024-10-16
  • 首发时间：2025-12-16
  • 出版时间：2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期：2024-10-16
  • 修回日期：2024-11-11
基金
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2021JM.354)
西安建筑科技大学2022年度新型城镇化专项研究基金项目(2022SCHZ14)
作者信息
    1.西安建筑科技大学城市发展与现代交通学院，陕西 西安 710055
    2.中国轻工业长沙工程有限公司，湖南 长沙 410114
    3.华陆工程科技责任有限公司，陕西 西安 710075
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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