Article(id=1277256020451782785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.019, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1666713600000, receivedDateStr=2022-10-26, revisedDate=1669132800000, revisedDateStr=2022-11-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782451165545, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782451165545, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782451165545, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782451165545, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277255754218337268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1706112000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782451102069, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782451256326, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=176, endPage=186, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277256020745384067, articleId=1277256020451782785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Preparation of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Coffee Peel by Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent, columnId=1236286112713470633, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Post-harvest Treatment & Quality Safety, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A time-saving, efficient and environmentally friendly method for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from coffee peel with ultrasound-assisted low eutectic solvents (UAE-DESs) was established for the first time, and its process parameters were optimized by single-factor test and response surface test to further explore a new green method for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel. Eight choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents were prepared as extraction solvents by the heating method and compared with the conventional water extraction method. The results showed that the deep eutectic solvent system with a 1∶2 molar ratio of choline chloride to urea prepared the highest yield of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel at 10.10%±0.11%, which was significantly higher than that of the conventional water extraction method at 6.50%±0.22%. The effects of DES composition (molar ratio, water content, liquid-to-solid ratio) and ultrasonic treatment (ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time) on the yield of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel were investigated by single-factor experiments. The response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the soluble dietary fiber yield and investigate the effects of deep eutectic solvent water content, liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on the yield of soluble dietary fiber. Based on the optimization results of RSM, the optimal preparation conditions were determined as follows: water content of deep eutectic solvent 39.91%, liquid-solid ratio 32.37 mL/g, ultrasonic power 305.20 W, and ultrasonic time 33.80 min. Under this condition, the maximum soluble dietary fiber yield of coffee peel was 10.74%±0.14%, which was close to the predicted soluble dietary fiber value of 10.80%. Therefore, as an efficient and non-polluting green solvent, deep eutectic solvent can be used for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel. The results of this study would provide new ideas and theoretical references for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel, and have potential applications in the value-added utilization of coffee by-products, the production of new high value-added products and the development of natural functional foods.

, authors=Fangfang SHAO1, 2, Faguang HU3, Wenjiang DONG2, 5, **, Xiaofei BI3, Gang CHEN4, Jianfei CHEN3, authorsList=Fangfang SHAO, Faguang HU, Wenjiang DONG, Xiaofei BI, Gang CHEN, Jianfei CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wenjiang DONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277256027573711007, articleId=1277256020451782785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=超声辅助低共熔溶剂制备咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维, columnId=1236286112877048492, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=采后处理与质量安全, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为进一步探索制备咖啡果皮中可溶性膳食纤维的绿色新方法。本研究建立了一种省时、高效、环保的超声辅助低共熔溶剂(UAE-DESs)制备咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的方法,并通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化了其工艺参数。采用加热法制备了8种氯化胆碱基的DESs作为提取溶剂,并与传统水提法作对比。结果表明:氯化胆碱与尿素摩尔比为1∶2的DES体系制备的咖啡果皮SDF得率最高,为10.10%±0.11%,显著高于传统水提法(6.50%±0.22%)。通过单因素实验,探讨了DES组成(摩尔比、含水量、液固比)和超声波处理(超声功率、超声时间)对咖啡果皮SDF得率的影响。在此基础上,采用响应面法(RSM)结合Box-Behnken设计(BBD)对SDF得率进行优化,考察DES含水量、液固比、超声功率和超声时间对SDF得率的影响。根据RSM的优化结果,确定最佳制备条件为:DES含水量为39.91%,液固比为32.37 mL/g,超声功率为305.20 W,超声时间为33.80 min,在此条件下,咖啡果皮SDF得率最大,为10.74%±0.14%,与其预测值10.80%接近。因此,DES作为一种高效、无污染的绿色溶剂,可用于咖啡果皮SDF的制备。本研究结果将为咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维的制备提供新思路和理论参考,并在咖啡副产物的增值利用、生产新型高附加值产品以及开发天然功能性食品等方面具有潜在的应用前景。

, authors=邵芳芳1, 2, 胡发广3, 董文江2, 5, **, 毕晓菲3, 陈罡4, 陈舰飞3, authorsList=邵芳芳, 胡发广, 董文江, 毕晓菲, 陈罡, 陈舰飞, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=董文江, authorNote=

* 胡发广(1979—),男,学士,研究员,研究方向:咖啡栽培与加工。

邵芳芳(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品质量与安全

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** 董文江(DONG Wenjiang),E-mail:
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Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 2022, 30: 100877., articleTitle=Study on extraction and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from radix bupleuri by natural deep eutectic solvents combined with ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1279857841183887605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, awardId=202202AE090002, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857841284550902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, awardId=ZDYF2021XDNY147, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY147), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857841368436983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, awardId=1630142022010, language=CN, fundingSource=中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(1630142022010), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1279857832233242778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832241631387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832233242778, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832250019996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832233242778, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.宁夏大学食品与葡萄酒学院,宁夏银川 750021)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857832342294685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832363266206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832342294685, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832371654815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832342294685, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁 571533)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857832463929504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832476512417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832463929504, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832489095330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832463929504, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山 678000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857832577175715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857832585564324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, companyId=1279857832577175715, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Pu’er Fuming Agricultural Equipment Co. 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Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05).

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不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

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figureFileBig=XwGGJ/TSMH0+IMLg6DV2lA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837102829784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=图3, caption=DES含水量对咖啡果皮SDF得率的影响, figureFileSmall=082RbM8jwJyOOKpCegawYA==, figureFileBig=XwGGJ/TSMH0+IMLg6DV2lA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837178327257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Effect of liquid-solid ratio on SDF yield of coffee peel, figureFileSmall=1iB3hMc7TMxFAsG/dLtfAA==, figureFileBig=btR5eI4hrToRomzbjS4uYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837237047514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=图4, caption=液固比对咖啡果皮SDF得率的影响, figureFileSmall=1iB3hMc7TMxFAsG/dLtfAA==, figureFileBig=btR5eI4hrToRomzbjS4uYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837316739291, 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articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=图6, caption=超声时间对咖啡果皮SDF得率的影响, figureFileSmall=a5TTR4I7Xfv4RTExjJgCtA==, figureFileBig=+UO0meD1NLSMbR80PDZZ3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837643895007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Response surface and contour plot showing effects of DES water content and liquid-solid ratio on yield of coffee peel SDF, figureFileSmall=dwLifOZIAPWVDqECqNXX7Q==, figureFileBig=djgJTyI9WGPFMyTDHuZk2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837727781088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=图7, caption=DES含水量与液固比对咖啡果皮SDF得率影响的响应面和等高线图, figureFileSmall=dwLifOZIAPWVDqECqNXX7Q==, figureFileBig=djgJTyI9WGPFMyTDHuZk2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857837794889953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, 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journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Response surface and contour plot showing effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on yield of coffee peel SDF, figureFileSmall=J4nkga9CUwIHjhq7ojKemQ==, figureFileBig=u60rcHt5puklAXCt/zM+jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857838319177960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=图11, caption=超声功率与超声时间对咖啡果皮SDF得率影响的响应面和等高线图, figureFileSmall=J4nkga9CUwIHjhq7ojKemQ==, figureFileBig=u60rcHt5puklAXCt/zM+jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857838411452649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Response surface and contour plot showing effects of DES water content and ultrasonic powe on yield of coffee peel SDF, figureFileSmall=BPqyK0J1Bv+wx4c6e1hrpA==, figureFileBig=MrTRfslF1XyQ0uFuCVuopg==, tableContent=null), 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figureFileBig=fdSTKxRxVix3sCP318/mAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857838684082413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Preparation of different DESs

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HBAHBD摩尔比Molar ratio温度Temperature/℃试剂编号Reagent number
尿素1∶290DESs-1
柠檬酸1∶290DESs-2
苹果酸1∶290DESs-3
氯化胆碱乳酸1∶290DESs-4
1,3-丁二醇1∶290DESs-5
甘油1∶290DESs-6
乙二醇1∶290DESs-7
乙酰胺乳酸1∶290DESs-8
), ArticleFig(id=1279857838805717230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同DESs的制备条件

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HBAHBD摩尔比Molar ratio温度Temperature/℃试剂编号Reagent number
尿素1∶290DESs-1
柠檬酸1∶290DESs-2
苹果酸1∶290DESs-3
氯化胆碱乳酸1∶290DESs-4
1,3-丁二醇1∶290DESs-5
甘油1∶290DESs-6
乙二醇1∶290DESs-7
乙酰胺乳酸1∶290DESs-8
), ArticleFig(id=1279857838906380527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Factors and levels of response surface methodology

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水平LevelDES含水量(X1)DES water content/%液固比(X2)Liquid-solid ratio/(mL·g–1)超声功率(X3)Ultrasonic power/W超声时间(X4)Ultrasonic time/min
–1302020020
0403030030
1504040040
), ArticleFig(id=1279857838994460912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

响应面因素水平设计

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水平LevelDES含水量(X1)DES water content/%液固比(X2)Liquid-solid ratio/(mL·g–1)超声功率(X3)Ultrasonic power/W超声时间(X4)Ultrasonic time/min
–1302020020
0403030030
1504040040
), ArticleFig(id=1279857839103512817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Experimental design and result of response surface methodology

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编号No.因素FactorY/%
DES含水量(X1)DES water content/%液固比(X2)Liquid-solid ratio/(mL·g–1)超声功率(X3)Ultrasonic power/W提取时间(X4)Ultrasonic time/min
14020300208.72
24030200208.83
34020200308.39
44020300409.03
55030400308.42
65030300408.64
740303003010.64
84030400409.98
93030400308.19
103030300408.96
113030200307.84
125030300208.81
134040200309.51
143030300207.32
154040400309.33
164030200409.14
175030200308.28
184020400309.05
193040300308.73
204030400208.62
213020300307.33
2240303003010.80
2340303003010.63
2440403004010.25
255020300308.93
265040300308.33
274040300208.80
), ArticleFig(id=1279857839195787506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

响应面试验设计与结果

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编号No.因素FactorY/%
DES含水量(X1)DES water content/%液固比(X2)Liquid-solid ratio/(mL·g–1)超声功率(X3)Ultrasonic power/W提取时间(X4)Ultrasonic time/min
14020300208.72
24030200208.83
34020200308.39
44020300409.03
55030400308.42
65030300408.64
740303003010.64
84030400409.98
93030400308.19
103030300408.96
113030200307.84
125030300208.81
134040200309.51
143030300207.32
154040400309.33
164030200409.14
175030200308.28
184020400309.05
193040300308.73
204030400208.62
213020300307.33
2240303003010.80
2340303003010.63
2440403004010.25
255020300308.93
265040300308.33
274040300208.80
), ArticleFig(id=1279857839292256499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277256020451782785, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Significance test of regression model and analysis of variance

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变异来源Source of variation平方和Sum of squares自由度Free degree均方Mean squareFF valuePP value变异来源Source of variation平方和Sum of squares自由度Free degree均方Mean squareFF valuePP value
Model21.1200141.5100125.42<0.0001X3X40.273910.273922.770.0005
X10.775710.775764.50<0.0001X1213.6500113.65001135.30<0.0001
X21.020011.020084.54<0.0001X223.160013.1600262.96<0.0001
X30.210810.210817.530.0013X324.050014.0500336.91<0.0001
X41.990011.9900165.88<0.0001X422.500012.5000208.04<0.0001
X1X21.010011.010083.66<0.0001Residual0.1443120.0120
X1X30.011610.01160.970.3446Lack of fit0.1270100.01271.460.4728
X1X40.825910.825968.67<0.0001Pure error0.017320.0087
X2X30.177010.177014.720.0024Cor total21.260026
X2X40.327610.327627.240.0002
R2=0.9932, RAdj2=0.9853, CV=1.23%, Rpre2=0.9638
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回归模型的显著性检验及方差分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变异来源Source of variation平方和Sum of squares自由度Free degree均方Mean squareFF valuePP value变异来源Source of variation平方和Sum of squares自由度Free degree均方Mean squareFF valuePP value
Model21.1200141.5100125.42<0.0001X3X40.273910.273922.770.0005
X10.775710.775764.50<0.0001X1213.6500113.65001135.30<0.0001
X21.020011.020084.54<0.0001X223.160013.1600262.96<0.0001
X30.210810.210817.530.0013X324.050014.0500336.91<0.0001
X41.990011.9900165.88<0.0001X422.500012.5000208.04<0.0001
X1X21.010011.010083.66<0.0001Residual0.1443120.0120
X1X30.011610.01160.970.3446Lack of fit0.1270100.01271.460.4728
X1X40.825910.825968.67<0.0001Pure error0.017320.0087
X2X30.177010.177014.720.0024Cor total21.260026
X2X40.327610.327627.240.0002
R2=0.9932, RAdj2=0.9853, CV=1.23%, Rpre2=0.9638
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超声辅助低共熔溶剂制备咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维
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邵芳芳 1, 2 , 胡发广 3 , 董文江 2, 5, ** , 毕晓菲 3 , 陈罡 4 , 陈舰飞 3
热带作物学报 | 采后处理与质量安全 2024,45(1): 176-186
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热带作物学报 |采后处理与质量安全 2024 , 45 (1) : 176 -186
超声辅助低共熔溶剂制备咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维
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邵芳芳1, 2, 胡发广3, 董文江2, 5, ** , 毕晓菲3, 陈罡4, 陈舰飞3
作者信息
  • 1.宁夏大学食品与葡萄酒学院,宁夏银川 750021
  • 2.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁 571533
  • 3.云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山 678000
  • 4.普洱富民农业装备有限公司,云南普洱 665000
  • 5.海南省特色热带作物适宜性加工与品质控制重点实验室,海南万宁 571533
通讯作者:
** 董文江(DONG Wenjiang),E-mail:
作者简介:

* 胡发广(1979—),男,学士,研究员,研究方向:咖啡栽培与加工。

邵芳芳(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品质量与安全

Preparation of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Coffee Peel by Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent
Fangfang SHAO1, 2, Faguang HU3, Wenjiang DONG2, 5, ** , Xiaofei BI3, Gang CHEN4, Jianfei CHEN3
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
  • 2.Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China
  • 3.Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000, China
  • 4.Pu’er Fuming Agricultural Equipment Co. Ltd., Pu’er, Yunnan 665000, China
  • 5.Key Laboratory of Suitability Processing and Quality Control of Characteristic Tropical Crops, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.019
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为进一步探索制备咖啡果皮中可溶性膳食纤维的绿色新方法。本研究建立了一种省时、高效、环保的超声辅助低共熔溶剂(UAE-DESs)制备咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的方法,并通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化了其工艺参数。采用加热法制备了8种氯化胆碱基的DESs作为提取溶剂,并与传统水提法作对比。结果表明:氯化胆碱与尿素摩尔比为1∶2的DES体系制备的咖啡果皮SDF得率最高,为10.10%±0.11%,显著高于传统水提法(6.50%±0.22%)。通过单因素实验,探讨了DES组成(摩尔比、含水量、液固比)和超声波处理(超声功率、超声时间)对咖啡果皮SDF得率的影响。在此基础上,采用响应面法(RSM)结合Box-Behnken设计(BBD)对SDF得率进行优化,考察DES含水量、液固比、超声功率和超声时间对SDF得率的影响。根据RSM的优化结果,确定最佳制备条件为:DES含水量为39.91%,液固比为32.37 mL/g,超声功率为305.20 W,超声时间为33.80 min,在此条件下,咖啡果皮SDF得率最大,为10.74%±0.14%,与其预测值10.80%接近。因此,DES作为一种高效、无污染的绿色溶剂,可用于咖啡果皮SDF的制备。本研究结果将为咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维的制备提供新思路和理论参考,并在咖啡副产物的增值利用、生产新型高附加值产品以及开发天然功能性食品等方面具有潜在的应用前景。

咖啡果皮  /  低共熔溶剂  /  可溶性膳食纤维  /  响应面法

A time-saving, efficient and environmentally friendly method for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from coffee peel with ultrasound-assisted low eutectic solvents (UAE-DESs) was established for the first time, and its process parameters were optimized by single-factor test and response surface test to further explore a new green method for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel. Eight choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents were prepared as extraction solvents by the heating method and compared with the conventional water extraction method. The results showed that the deep eutectic solvent system with a 1∶2 molar ratio of choline chloride to urea prepared the highest yield of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel at 10.10%±0.11%, which was significantly higher than that of the conventional water extraction method at 6.50%±0.22%. The effects of DES composition (molar ratio, water content, liquid-to-solid ratio) and ultrasonic treatment (ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time) on the yield of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel were investigated by single-factor experiments. The response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the soluble dietary fiber yield and investigate the effects of deep eutectic solvent water content, liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on the yield of soluble dietary fiber. Based on the optimization results of RSM, the optimal preparation conditions were determined as follows: water content of deep eutectic solvent 39.91%, liquid-solid ratio 32.37 mL/g, ultrasonic power 305.20 W, and ultrasonic time 33.80 min. Under this condition, the maximum soluble dietary fiber yield of coffee peel was 10.74%±0.14%, which was close to the predicted soluble dietary fiber value of 10.80%. Therefore, as an efficient and non-polluting green solvent, deep eutectic solvent can be used for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel. The results of this study would provide new ideas and theoretical references for the preparation of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel, and have potential applications in the value-added utilization of coffee by-products, the production of new high value-added products and the development of natural functional foods.

coffee peel  /  deep eutectic solvent  /  soluble dietary fiber  /  response surface method
邵芳芳, 胡发广, 董文江, 毕晓菲, 陈罡, 陈舰飞. 超声辅助低共熔溶剂制备咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (1) : 176 -186 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.019
Fangfang SHAO, Faguang HU, Wenjiang DONG, Xiaofei BI, Gang CHEN, Jianfei CHEN. Preparation of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Coffee Peel by Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (1) : 176 -186 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.019
咖啡是全球最受欢迎的非酒精饮料之一。近年来,咖啡销量逐年增加,其种植面积也在不断扩大,仅2021年全球咖啡豆的产量达1050万t,其加工产生的咖啡副产物的量也在不断增加[1],在我国,咖啡主要种植于云南省和海南省。2021年我国咖啡总产量为1.098 87×105 t,而每吨成品咖啡豆会产生约1.1 t咖啡副产物。因这些副产物中含有高浓度的咖啡因、单宁、茶多酚等物质而不可直接用作生物基质和饲料,通常会被直接丢弃,不仅造成资源的浪费还会污染环境[2]。已有研究表明,这些副产物中含有高附加值的化合物,可利用一定的方法将其中对环境存在污染的部分进行转化,进而用于提取生物活性化合物和聚合物的原料[3]。因此,咖啡副产物在食品加工中具有重要的应用前景,需要进一步研究以更好地利用它。
在咖啡湿法处理过程中,产生的固体废弃物中咖啡果皮是主要部分。咖啡果皮含有碳水化合物、膳食纤维、蛋白质和矿物质等成分,其中总膳食纤维含量占70%,可作为优良的膳食纤维来源[4]。目前,对咖啡果皮各成分进行提取分析的研究较多,如HENRIQUE等[5]从阿拉比卡咖啡果皮中提取具有凝胶特性的果胶;TORRESVALENZUELA等[6]利用超分子溶剂对咖啡果皮中的生物活性物质提取并分析了其生物活性;朱珂等[7]对比分析了咖啡果皮与不同来源的可溶性膳食纤维在结构和性质等方面的差异,结果发现咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维的热稳定性和亚硝酸盐吸附能力显著优于其他5种样品;DA SILVERIRA等[8]采用固态发酵研究了咖啡果皮中绿原酸的提取和稳定性。
膳食纤维(DF)被认为是生物体中的第7种基本营养素,能通过肠道菌群产生多种有益作用,如抗肥胖、减轻炎症、降低血糖等,可作为功能性食物成分广泛应用[9]。根据膳食纤维的溶解性将其分为可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)和不可溶性膳食纤维(IDF),与IDF相比,SDF由于其有效的溶解度、持油/持水能力、界面和表面性质及结合各种分子的潜力而更受青睐[10]。提取方法和条件不同,对SDF的营养和理化性质均有很大影响。目前,对咖啡果皮DF的研究主要集中在DF的制备、改性和功能特性方面的研究。DF常用的制备方法主要有化学法(如酸、碱处理)、物理法(如超声波法、微波法、高压均质法)和生物法(如酶法、发酵法),研究中应用较多的是物理法和酶法。化学法虽已被广泛运用于提取不同来源的纤维,如碱法提取,但因羟基离子会破坏氢键和酯键,导致SDF、半纤维素和纤维素的损失[11],而且对环境不友好。酶法提取虽克服了碱提取法的pH值高、易腐蚀、废物量大等缺点,但其反应时间长、成本高,无法满足常规需求。因此,探索安全、绿色、高效的提取方法很有必要。
近年来,低共熔溶剂(DES)作为一类绿色可持续溶剂,在功能性成分的提取方面得到较大发展。DES是由氢键受体(HBA)和氢键供体(HBD)按一定的摩尔比混合而成的二元或三元体系的液体混合物。与离子液体相比,DESs具有物理化学性质稳定、可循环性好和热稳定性好等特性,而且具有制备简单、生物相容性和环境友好等优点[12]。基于这些优越的性能,有研究表明,DESs可作为替代溶剂从天然样品中提取多糖[13]。如GUO等[14]采用远红外辐射(FIR)和热风循环(HAC)的辅助DES提取茯苓中的生物活性多糖,结果表明,优化条件下茯苓多糖的提取效率是传统提取方法的4~70倍。CHEN等[15]首次采用超声辅助DES从芒果皮中提取果胶。超声波作为一种非热、无毒、安全、高效的绿色技术,已被应用于食品工业中,其产生的空化、剪切和湍流作用能破坏细胞壁,促进溶剂的扩散,加快化合物的溶解,从而提高提取效率[16]。目前,还未见采用UAE-DESs提取咖啡果皮SDF的报道。因此,开发一种绿色的提取咖啡果皮中SDF的方法具有重要意义。
本研究以咖啡果皮为原料,采用UAE-DESs法制备咖啡果皮中可溶性膳食纤维,通过单因素试验和响应面优化试验筛选最佳制备条件,进而建立一种绿色高效的提取咖啡果皮中SDF的方法。因此,UAE与DES的结合应用为开发更绿色、更环保、更安全、更易于实施的萃取技术提供了条件,也为咖啡果皮SDF的绿色提取方法提供新思路和理论参考。
咖啡鲜果(全红果)采摘于海南省白沙县咖啡种植基地。乙醇,购自西陇科学有限公司;氯化胆碱为分析纯,购自上海源叶公司;1,3-丁二醇、甘油、尿素、苹果酸、柠檬酸、乳酸、乙酰胺、乙二醇等均为分析纯,购自上海阿拉丁公司。
集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器,购自巩义市予华仪器有限公司;Avanti JXN-26高速冷冻离心机,购自美国贝克曼库尔特有限公司;VOSHIN-1500C恒温超声波萃取仪,购自无锡沃信仪器制造有限公司。
(1)咖啡果皮预处理。将湿法加工得到的咖啡果皮40 ℃热风干燥至水分含量为11%左右,置于高速万能粉碎机中粉碎,过60目筛,置于密封袋中,4 ℃保存备用。
(2)DESs的制备。采用加热搅拌的方法制备DESs[17],制备步骤如下:将HBA与HBD按一定的摩尔比混合后,加入适量的水,置于80~ 90 ℃的磁力搅拌器中连续搅拌约3 h,搅拌至形成均匀稳定的透明液体,即低共熔溶剂,制备好的DESs保存在干燥皿中储存备用。
(3)咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维的绿色制备。参考CHEN等[18]实验方法并略作修改,采用超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维:准确称取3.0 g咖啡果皮粉于烧杯中,按照液固比20∶1(mL/g)加入DESs溶剂搅拌均匀,置于超声设备中,功率300 W(频率20~25 KHz,变幅杆Φ12 mm),超声30 min后,5000 r/min离心10 min,分离上清液,真空浓缩至原体积的1/4后,加入4倍体积无水乙醇醇沉5 h,将混合物5000 r/min离心10 min,收集沉淀物,用无水乙醇反复洗涤,真空冷冻干燥,得咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维,置于干燥器中保存备用。
超声辅助水提法提取咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维的方法同上,略作修改。
为确定最佳提取溶剂,本研究对8种不同类型的DES进行SDF提取效果的评价。以不同的有机酸、多元醇和尿素与氯化胆碱的混合,在摩尔比和DES体系含水量固定的条件下,分别合成了1种尿素基DES(DES-1)、4种酸基DESs(DES-2、DES-3、DES-4和DES-8)、3种醇基DESs(DES-5、DES-6和DES-7),详见表1。相比于常规溶剂,由于DESs的不同组分之间的氢键、范德华力和静电相互作用使其具有更高的黏度[19],为了提高提取效率,将所有不同的DESs体系添加质量分数30%的水。具体操作如下:称取3.0 g咖啡果皮粉于烧杯中,按液固比20∶1(mL/g),分别加入1.2.1(2)中制备好的DES,设置超声功率300 W、超声时间30 min的条件下提取咖啡果皮中的可溶性膳食纤维,计算咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维的得率。
从1.2.2提取结果中选择可溶性膳食纤维得率最高的DES体系进行实验,将DES摩尔比、DES含水量、液固比、超声功率、超声时间分别设置为1∶2、30%、40 mL/g、300 W、30 min进行提取,考察其他影响因素对SDF得率的影响。各因素设置如下:DES摩尔比(2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5)、DES含水量(10%、20%、30%、40%、50%)、液固比(10、20、30、40、50 mL/g)、超声功率(100、200、300、400、500 W)、超声时间(10、20、30、40、50 min)。
在上述实验结果的基础上,采用响应面法和Box-Behnken模型设计对4个主要影响因素(X1:DES含水量、X2:液固比、X3:超声功率、X4:超声时间)进行优化,并将SDF得率作为响应指标,4个影响因素代码水平的实验设计分别为(–1、0和+1)和各变量的实际实验值见表2
采用SPSS 24.0(IBM Corporation,New York,NY)软件进行统计学分析,采用Origin 2018(Northampton,MA,USA)软件进行制图,BBD的分析使用Design-Expert 12软件(Stat-Ease,Minneapolis,MN)进行回归分析和图形优化。所有实验均重复3次。
由于不同的DES在极性、溶解度、黏度、表面张力和物理化学等方面存在差异,导致分子间作用强度不同,使其对目标提取物的提取效率不同[20]。由图1可知,不同类型DESs溶剂对咖啡果皮SDF得率具有显著性差异,其中DES-1(氯化胆碱/尿素)组成的DES体系SDF得率最高,为10.10%,显著高于传统溶剂水提法,其次为有机酸基DESs,醇基DESs提取效果较差。故确定氯化胆碱与尿素进行后续实验。
HBA/HBD摩尔比是影响DESs理化性质的重要因素,HBD的比例越高,黏度越小。但当HBD比例过高时,不容易形成DESs[21]。由图2可知,咖啡果皮SDF得率随摩尔比的增大先增大后减小,当氯化胆碱/尿素的摩尔比为1∶2时,SDF得率最高,为9.87%,这可能是由于HBD的增加,使DES黏度和表面张力降低,有利于SDF的传质和溶出,导致SDF得率提高;当摩尔比继续增大时,SDF得率反而降低,这可能是因为不同的摩尔比使DES体系的黏度和表面张力不同,过高的摩尔比反而会弱化溶剂与目标物的相互作用[22]。故确定摩尔比1∶2进行后续实验。
由于大多数DESs的黏度很高,过高的黏度会导致质量传递的速度缓慢,溶剂的萃取速率降低,所以通过含水量来调节DESs的黏度和极性[23-24],但最佳含水量也与特定的化合物有关。由图3可知,DES含水量在10%~40%之间时,SDF得率逐渐增大,可能是由于在DES中加入适量水,增加了DES分子流动性,降低了黏度,增加了扩散能力,使其能够与咖啡果皮SDF充分接触,SDF溶解度增大,当DES含水量为40%时SDF得率最大,为10.35%;但当DES含水量继续增大时,过量的水可能限制了SDF与DES组分之间的相互作用,使SDF在DES中的溶解度大大降低,从而导致SDF提取效率下降[25]。故选择DES含水量40%进行后续实验。
图4可知,随着液固比的增加,SDF得率显著提高,当液固比为30 mL/g时,SDF得率最高,为10.79%,但随着液固比继续增大,SDF得率逐渐降低。因为过低或过高的液固比会导致萃取不充分,或者随着溶液用量的增加而增加不必要的消耗[26]。故选择固液比30 mL/g进行后续实验。
图5可知,随超声功率的增大,SDF得率先逐渐增大,超声功率在300 W时,SDF得率最高,为10.64%;这可能是由于超声波的空化效应、机械效应和热效应增强,原料细胞被破坏,加快了胞内物质的释放,并且强化了溶质扩散,促进了目标物质的溶出[27];超声功率在300~500 W时,SDF得率减小,可能是因为超声功率强度增加时,空化效应限制了声波在萃取介质中的循环,给系统提供了不可控的机械剪切。此外,超声功率过高,破坏了物料中已释放的可溶性成分,使其进一步分解为小分子物质而无法被乙醇沉淀[28]。故选择超声功率300 W进行后续实验。
图6可知,在10~30 min时,SDF得率随时间的延长而增加。超声30 min得率最高,为10.63%;但当时间超过30 min后,SDF得率下降。其原因可能是细胞内外SDF浓度在30 min前未达到平衡。随着时间的增加,SDF逐渐溶解,当细胞内外达到平衡状态时,提取溶剂中SDF的浓度不再增加,达到平衡后,SDF由于结构不稳定,在超声的作用下发生水解[29-30]
根据2. 2结果分析,确定氯化胆碱/尿素的摩尔比为1∶2,以DES含水量、液固比、超声功率和超声时间作为主要影响因素,SDF得率(Y)为响应值,进行响应面优化实验,Box-Behnken试验设计与结果见表3
采用Design-Expert 12对BBD获得的实验数据进行回归分析,得到DES含水量、液固比、超声功率、超声时间对响应值Y的二次多项式回归方程如下:Y=–48.44181+1.60843X1+0.669012X2+0.054241X3+ 0.469143X4–0.005016X1X2–0.000054X1X3–0.004544 X1X4–0.000210X2X3+0.002862X2X4+0.000262X3X4–0.016000X12–0.007701X22–0.000087X32–0.006849X42
表4可知,模型P<0.0001,F值为125.42,失拟项差异不显著,证实了模型的高度显著性。拟合优度可以通过确定系数(R2)、调整确定系数(RAdj2)和方差系数(CV)来验证。确定系数(R2=0.9932)和调整后的确定系数(RAdj2=0.9853)表明该模型证实了模型的高度拟合优度。同时,CV值为1.23,显示了数据极好的可靠性。模型的有效性较低证实了回归模型实验值的准确性和可靠性。P值不仅揭示了各系数的显著性,而且解释了自变量的相互作用模式。一次项和二次项X1X2X3X4X12X22、X32X42对SDF得率的影响极显著(P<0.01);交互项X1X2X1X4X2X3X2X4X3X4极显著(P<0.01),说明DES含水量和液固比、DES含水量和超声功率、液固比和超声功率、液固比和超声时间、超声功率和超声时间之间的交互作用对SDF得率的影响较强;其余因子影响不显著。根据表4中各因子的P值和F值可知,各因子对SDF得率影响大小为:超声时间>液固比>DES含水量>超声功率。
基于模型的3D响应面图,通过超声辅助DES提取SDF的得率显然与主要变量相关。3D响应面图反映了各因素对SDF得率的相互影响。如图7~图11所示,DES水含量与液固比、DES含水量与超声时间、液固比与超声功率、液固比和超声时间、超声功率与超声时间对得率有显著的正向影响。响应等高线图显示了各因素对SDF得率的显著性,且等高线图趋于椭圆形,说明交互作用显著;图12响应曲面较平缓,且等高线图趋于圆形,说明DES含水量与超声功率的交互作用对SDF得率不显著,这与方差分析结果一致。
图13a可知,残差正态分布图的点接近直线,表明其满足了正态性假设;由图13b可知,残差随机分散,表明观察的原始方差对所有值都是确定的;由图13c可知,实验预测值与实际值之间的误差较小。因此,该模型可预测响应面的提取得率。
使用Design Expert 12软件分析,确定提取咖啡果皮SDF得率最大的提取条件:DES含水量为39.91%,液固比为32.37 mL/g,超声功率为305.20 W,超声时间为33.80 min,在此条件下提取咖啡果皮SDF的得率可达到理论最大值10.80%。考虑到实际操作和仪器的可行性,将最佳提取工艺参数分别修改为X1=40%、X2=32 mL/g、X3=305 W、X4=34 min,利用改进后的提取参数重复实验3次,SDF得率为10.74%±0.14%,与模型预测值10.80%接近,说明该模型适用于超声辅助DESs法提取咖啡果皮SDF的优化。
本研究初步探索采用超声辅助DES法制备咖啡果皮SDF的绿色新方法。通过单因素试验和响应面优化试验,确定了最佳的制备条件,结果表明,UAE-DES法提取得率为10.74%±0.14%,显著高于传统水提法6.50%±0.22%。DONG等[31]研究了不同提取方法(化学法、酶法、化学-酶法、超声辅助酶法和剪切乳化辅助酶法)对咖啡皮SDF的理化、结构和功能特性的影响。结果表明,剪切乳化辅助酶法提取SDF的得率最高(13.96%),其次是超声辅助酶法(13.04%)、酸-酶法(11.38%)和酶法(9.54%),酸提取的得率最低(9.16%)。与本研究结果相比,复合法(物理结合酶法)中,虽然部分方法提取SDF的得率高于UAE-DES法,但酶法提取的条件要求比较严格,且生产成本较高,而UAE-DES法提取有诸多优点,如成本低、简单易得、安全、可生物降解、具有可设计性等,而且可从不同的食品基质中提取化学成分,满足了现代加工对环境友好的需求。WANG等[32]采用天然低共熔溶剂(NADES)结合超声辅助酶解(UAEE)提取柴胡多糖,结果表明,最佳DES体系为摩尔比为1∶3的尿素与氯化胆碱,其含水量为20%,这与本研究的最佳DES体系一致;CHEN等[15]采用超声辅助天然低共熔溶剂提取芒果皮中的果胶,筛选了甜菜碱-柠檬酸和氯化胆碱-苹果酸2种新型绿色溶剂,并通过单因素试验和响应面试验进一步优化提取条件,结果表明,2种DES提取的果胶含量显著高于盐酸提取的果胶含量。由于不同物质本身的结构和组成不同,因此,DES与目标物质间的相互作用力不同,故筛选出的最佳DES不同,基于上述文献表明,不同物质在结构和组成方面的差异,使得DES与目标物质间的相互作用力不同,进而筛选得到的最佳DES不同。但UAE-DES法在提取食品功能性成分方面依然存在巨大潜力。然而,DES的高黏度仍是提取过程中最主要的缺点,如何降低DES黏度是今后研究的重点,同时明确HBA与HBD的选择,使其提取优势最大化,最终为生物活性物质的提取和食品分析预处理等方面提供更多的选择。因此,本研究为咖啡果皮SDF的提取提供了一种绿色、经济、环保的替代方法,为SDF的绿色提取提供了新思路,在未来设计使用咖啡副产品的功能性食品配方时具有重要意义。
  • 云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090002)
  • 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY147)
  • 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(1630142022010)
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2024年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.019
  • 接收时间:2022-10-26
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-26
  • 修回日期:2022-11-23
基金
云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090002)
海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY147)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(1630142022010)
作者信息
    1.宁夏大学食品与葡萄酒学院,宁夏银川 750021
    2.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁 571533
    3.云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山 678000
    4.普洱富民农业装备有限公司,云南普洱 665000
    5.海南省特色热带作物适宜性加工与品质控制重点实验室,海南万宁 571533

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** 董文江(DONG Wenjiang),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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