Article(id=1277255845884855040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.022, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1668096000000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-11, revisedDate=1672675200000, revisedDateStr=2023-01-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782451123925, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782451123925, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782451123925, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782451123925, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277255754218337268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1706112000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782451102069, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782451256326, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=205, endPage=214, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277255846769853186, articleId=1277255845884855040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Identification of Two Biocontrol Bacteria Effectively Inhibiting Sisal Zebra Disease, columnId=1236292524264968282, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Protection & Bio-safety, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Sisal zebra disease is an infectious disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, causing symptoms such as leaf spot, stem rot and shaft rot in sisal, and it has a serious impact on the yield and quality of sisal fibre. At present, the integrated control strategy of sisal zebra disease is mainly based on agricultural control, and combining disease resistance breeding and chemical control. However, agricultural prevention and control measures have the shortcomings of high labor cost and uneven operation skills of workers, disease-resistance breeding technology is difficult and its cycle is long, and chemical control is affected by the waxy layer on sisal leaf surface, which makes it difficult for the liquid to adsorb, a large amount of drug application can also lead to the increase of pathogen resistance and environmental pollution easily. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop biocontrol bacteria resources for the prevention and control of sisal zebra disease, and enrich comprehensive prevention and control methods. In this study, P. nicotianae was used as the target pathogen bacteria. Two antagonistic bacteria, PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 were obtained by the five-point confrontation method and the mycelial growth inhibition rate was 85.92% and 83.10%. By observing the microscopic structure of P. nicotiana mycelia, it was found that strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 inhibited the growth of P. nicotiana mycelia, and it showed the phenomenon of mycelium enlargement and thickening, branching deformity and entangling. Based on cell morphology, physiological and biochemical reactions, and the alignment of 16S rDNA gene sequences, it was concluded that strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 were identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa. Further studies showed that both strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 had broad spectrum antagonism, and they could effectively inhibit the growth of 11 kinds of pathogens such as P. capsica, P. sojae, P. melonis, P. palmivora, P. vignae, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum siamense and so on. In addition, strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 had the ability to dissolve organic phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen fixation and iron production, which could provide conditions for the good growth of crops. The results showed that the two biocontrol bacteria had big potential for sisal zebra disease control, and it could lay a foundation for the biological control of sisal zebra disease.

, authors=Huixia HOU1, Xiaolan ZHENG2, *, Kexian YI1, 2, 3, *, Jingen XI2, Hui LI1, Weihuai WU2, Helong CHEN2, authorsList=Huixia HOU, Xiaolan ZHENG, Kexian YI, Jingen XI, Hui LI, Weihuai WU, Helong CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiaolan ZHENG, Kexian YI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277255872313164566, articleId=1277255845884855040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=2株有效抑制剑麻斑马纹病菌的生防细菌鉴定, columnId=1236292524520820846, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=植物保护与生物安全, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

剑麻斑马纹病是一种由烟草疫霉(Phytophthora nicotianae)引起的传染性病害,导致剑麻出现叶斑、茎腐和轴腐的症状,对剑麻纤维的产量和质量造成严重影响。目前,剑麻斑马纹病的防治主要采取以农业栽培措施为主,抗病育种和化学药剂防治相结合的综合防治策略,但是农业防治人工成本高,工人操作技术参差不齐;抗病育种难度大,周期长;化学防治受剑麻叶片表面带有蜡质层的影响,存在药液不易吸附的问题,而且大量施药也容易造成病原抗药性提高和环境污染。因此,开发防治剑麻斑马纹病的生防菌资源,探索综合防控新途径显得尤为重要。本研究以烟草疫霉菌为靶标菌,通过五点对峙法筛选,获得2株生防菌PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5,其菌丝生长抑制率分别为85.92%和83.10%。通过对烟草疫霉菌菌丝显微结构进行观察发现,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5均抑制了烟草疫霉菌菌丝的生长,生防菌对峙的烟草疫霉菌出现菌丝体膨大增粗、分枝畸形、缠绕等现象。基于细胞形态、生理生化反应以及16S rDNA基因序列比对分析,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5鉴定为多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)。进一步研究显示菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5均具有广谱拮抗作用,能够很好地抑制辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsica)、大豆疫霉菌(P. sojae)、瓜疫霉菌(P. melonis)、棕榈疫霉菌(P. palmivora)、豇豆疫霉菌(P. vignae)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus niger)、暹罗刺盘孢菌(Colletotrichum siamense)等11种病原菌的生长。此外,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5具有解有机磷能力、解无机磷能力、解钾能力、固氮能力和产铁能力,可为作物的良好生长提供条件。结果表明,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5对剑麻斑马纹病的防治具有良好的潜力,可为剑麻斑马纹病的生物防治提供基础材料。

, authors=侯会霞1, 郑肖兰2, *, 易克贤1, 2, 3, *, 习金根2, 李慧1, 吴伟怀2, 陈河龙2, authorsList=侯会霞, 郑肖兰, 易克贤, 习金根, 李慧, 吴伟怀, 陈河龙, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=郑肖兰, 易克贤, authorNote=

侯会霞(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物保护。

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* 郑肖兰(ZHENG Xiaolan),E-mail:
易克贤(YI Kexian),E-mail:
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侯会霞(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物保护。

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侯会霞(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物保护。

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Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(17): 8245-8251., articleTitle=Medium optimization for antifungal active substances production from a newly isolated Paenibacillus sp. using response surface methodology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1279857857097085519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=51, pageEnd=52, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=92, authorNames=魏鸿刚, 李淑兰, journalName=世界农药, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏鸿刚, 李淑兰. 防治作物青枯病和枯萎病的微生物农药——0.1亿CFU/g多粘类芽孢杆菌细粒剂[J]. 世界农药, 2008(1): 51-52., articleTitle=防治作物青枯病和枯萎病的微生物农药——0.1亿CFU/g多粘类芽孢杆菌细粒剂, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1279857857176777296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=51, pageEnd=52, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=93, authorNames=WEI H G, LI S L, journalName=World Pesticide, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEI H G, LI S L. Microbial pesticides for the control of crop bacterial wilt and Fusarium wilt - 100 million CFU/g of Paenibacillus polymyxa granules[J]. World Pesticide, 2008(1): 51-52. 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Isolation of biocontrol Paenibacillus polymyxa SH15 against Fusarium moniliforme in rice and study on antifungal activity[D]. Tai’an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2017. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Isolation of biocontrol Paenibacillus polymyxa SH15 against Fusarium moniliforme in rice and study on antifungal activity, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1279857845759881711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, awardId=KJRC2023B18, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省科技人才创新项目(KJRC2023B18), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857845852156400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, awardId=CARS-16-E16, language=CN, fundingSource=国家麻类产业技术体系“剑麻生理与栽培岗位”项目(CARS-16-E16), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857845944431089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省院士创新平台资金项目, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1279857838323380649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857838331769258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, companyId=1279857838323380649, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Plant Protection, Hainan University / Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forestry Biological Disasters, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857838340157867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, companyId=1279857838323380649, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.海南大学植物保护学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室,海南海口 570228)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857838465986988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857838474375597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, companyId=1279857838465986988, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests / Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857838482764206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, companyId=1279857838465986988, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海南海口 571101)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857838554067375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857838562455984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, companyId=1279857838554067375, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857838575038897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, companyId=1279857838554067375, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚 572025)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1279857842819674591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Inhibition effect of biocontrol bacteria on the growth of P. nicotiana mycelium, figureFileSmall=OJm8EwaScKr1RT13mrS7Pg==, figureFileBig=Tr1hvYs1O0O46sFUw/jySQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857842899366368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=图1, caption=生防菌对烟草疫霉菌菌丝体生长的抑制效果, figureFileSmall=OJm8EwaScKr1RT13mrS7Pg==, figureFileBig=Tr1hvYs1O0O46sFUw/jySQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843008418273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Inhibitory effect of biocontrol bacteria on P. nicotianae

a: Normal mycelium of P. nicotianae; b: Mycelial branch malformation after biocontrol treatment; c: Mycelial enlargement and thickening after biocontrol treatment; d: Mycelial entanglement after biocontrol treatment.

, figureFileSmall=3X/4NX/iYffI8zLnoOEeSQ==, figureFileBig=8dcshGAD6uy2zfxTISGMjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843088110050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=图2, caption=生防菌对烟草疫霉菌的抑制作用

a:烟草疫霉菌正常菌丝体;b:生防菌处理后菌丝体分支畸形;c:生防菌处理后菌丝体膨大增粗;d:生防菌处理后菌丝体缠绕。

, figureFileSmall=3X/4NX/iYffI8zLnoOEeSQ==, figureFileBig=8dcshGAD6uy2zfxTISGMjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843146830307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Colonies (A), mycilia (B) and spores (C) of biocontrol strains, figureFileSmall=ZKweVXBu0wMQaSp4wmlgGQ==, figureFileBig=TE0/jloYl7Tttw0A5TZ2Sg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843222327780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=图3, caption=生防菌株的菌落(A)、菌体(B)及芽孢(C), figureFileSmall=ZKweVXBu0wMQaSp4wmlgGQ==, figureFileBig=TE0/jloYl7Tttw0A5TZ2Sg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843293630949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Phylogenetic tree diagram of biocontrol bacteria, figureFileSmall=2qld0V+f7cx3zW6Pb1TBGQ==, figureFileBig=DYhb8OlaxHdQV0yqIZAepw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843373322726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=图4, caption=生防菌系统发育树, figureFileSmall=2qld0V+f7cx3zW6Pb1TBGQ==, figureFileBig=DYhb8OlaxHdQV0yqIZAepw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843436237287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Inhibitory effect of biocontrol strains on 11 pathogenic bacteria

A: P. capsica P1; B: P. capsica P2; C: P. sojae; D: Phytophthora melonis; E: P. palmivora; F: P. vignae; G: F. oxysporum; H: A. niger; I: C. siamense; J: L. theobromae; K: L. hormozganensis.

, figureFileSmall=BK9gHtEGvmfnjH1NgVJnkA==, figureFileBig=+LxYcFk75tlsyGsD9ujdTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843503346152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=图5, caption=生防菌株对11种病原菌抑制效果

A:辣椒疫霉菌P1;B:辣椒疫霉菌P2;C:大豆疫霉菌;D:瓜疫霉菌;E:棕榈疫霉菌;F:豇豆疫霉菌;G:尖孢镰刀菌;H:黑曲霉菌;I:暹罗刺盘孢菌;J:可可毛色二孢菌;K:霍尔木兹毛球二孢菌。

, figureFileSmall=BK9gHtEGvmfnjH1NgVJnkA==, figureFileBig=+LxYcFk75tlsyGsD9ujdTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843570455017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Growth promotion effect of biocontrol strains

A: Determination of IAA ability, from left to right followed by positive control (IAA standard solution 50 μg/mL), negative control (uncontaminated LB medium), and treatment (bacterial suspension); B: Determination of organophosphorus solving ability; C: Determination of inorganic phosphorus solving ability; D: Determination of potassium solving ability; E: Determination of nitrogen fixation ability; F: Determination of iron production ability.

, figureFileSmall=vNsSs0wT1PYk6Tiy8zESHg==, figureFileBig=MZYOpQdl4Ajqx9QDTOj8TQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843641758186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=图6, caption=生防菌株的促生效果

A:IAA能力测定,从左到右依次为阳性对照(IAA标准液50 μg/mL)、阴性对照(未接菌的LB培养基)、处理(菌悬液);B:解有机磷能力测定;C:解无机磷能力测定;D:解钾能力测定;E:固氮能力测定;F:产铁能力测定。

, figureFileSmall=vNsSs0wT1PYk6Tiy8zESHg==, figureFileBig=MZYOpQdl4Ajqx9QDTOj8TQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857843704672747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Physiological and biochemical identification of biocontrol strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目ItemPpHyHNCJ2PpHyHNCJ5项目ItemPpHyHNCJ2PpHyHNCJ5
氧化酶--葡萄糖发酵++
接触酶++蔗糖发酵++
甲基红测定--果糖发酵++
乙酰甲基甲醇测定++山梨醇发酵--
淀粉水解++甘露醇发酵++
2%NaCl可生长++利用葡萄糖产气++
5%NaCl可生长++利用蔗糖产气++
7%NaCl可生长++利用果糖产气--
10%NaCl可生长--利用山梨醇产气++
厌氧生长++利用甘露醇产气++
明胶液化++硝酸盐还原++
), ArticleFig(id=1279857843788558828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

生防菌株的生理生化特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目ItemPpHyHNCJ2PpHyHNCJ5项目ItemPpHyHNCJ2PpHyHNCJ5
氧化酶--葡萄糖发酵++
接触酶++蔗糖发酵++
甲基红测定--果糖发酵++
乙酰甲基甲醇测定++山梨醇发酵--
淀粉水解++甘露醇发酵++
2%NaCl可生长++利用葡萄糖产气++
5%NaCl可生长++利用蔗糖产气++
7%NaCl可生长++利用果糖产气--
10%NaCl可生长--利用山梨醇产气++
厌氧生长++利用甘露醇产气++
明胶液化++硝酸盐还原++
), ArticleFig(id=1279857843876639213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Inhibitory effect of biocontrol strains on mycelial growth of different pathogens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病原菌Pathogen抑制率Inhibition rate/%
PpHyHNCJ2PpHyHNCJ5
辣椒疫霉菌P176.06±1.41d75.82±0.41d
辣椒疫霉菌P277.70±1.07d77.00±1.07cd
大豆疫霉菌88.26±1.08a93.89±1.77a
瓜疫霉菌80.75±0.81c78.64±0.40c
棕榈疫霉菌84.27±2.27b84.04±1.78b
豇豆疫霉菌85.21±1.22b85.21±0.71b
尖孢镰刀菌68.08±1.77f71.60±1.08e
黑曲霉菌62.44±0.81g64.32±1.07g
暹罗刺盘孢菌70.66±0.41e78.40±1.47c
可可毛色二孢菌62.44±1.07g61.03±1.07h
霍尔木兹毛球二孢菌67.49±0.94f68.31±0.95f
), ArticleFig(id=1279857843943748078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255845884855040, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

生防菌株的对不同病原菌菌丝生长的抑制作用

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病原菌Pathogen抑制率Inhibition rate/%
PpHyHNCJ2PpHyHNCJ5
辣椒疫霉菌P176.06±1.41d75.82±0.41d
辣椒疫霉菌P277.70±1.07d77.00±1.07cd
大豆疫霉菌88.26±1.08a93.89±1.77a
瓜疫霉菌80.75±0.81c78.64±0.40c
棕榈疫霉菌84.27±2.27b84.04±1.78b
豇豆疫霉菌85.21±1.22b85.21±0.71b
尖孢镰刀菌68.08±1.77f71.60±1.08e
黑曲霉菌62.44±0.81g64.32±1.07g
暹罗刺盘孢菌70.66±0.41e78.40±1.47c
可可毛色二孢菌62.44±1.07g61.03±1.07h
霍尔木兹毛球二孢菌67.49±0.94f68.31±0.95f
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2株有效抑制剑麻斑马纹病菌的生防细菌鉴定
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侯会霞 1 , 郑肖兰 2, * , 易克贤 1, 2, 3, * , 习金根 2 , 李慧 1 , 吴伟怀 2 , 陈河龙 2
热带作物学报 | 植物保护与生物安全 2024,45(1): 205-214
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热带作物学报 |植物保护与生物安全 2024 , 45 (1) : 205 -214
2株有效抑制剑麻斑马纹病菌的生防细菌鉴定
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侯会霞1, 郑肖兰2, * , 易克贤1, 2, 3, * , 习金根2, 李慧1, 吴伟怀2, 陈河龙2
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学植物保护学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室,海南海口 570228
  • 2.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海南海口 571101
  • 3.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚 572025
通讯作者:
* 郑肖兰(ZHENG Xiaolan),E-mail:
易克贤(YI Kexian),E-mail:
作者简介:

侯会霞(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物保护。

Identification of Two Biocontrol Bacteria Effectively Inhibiting Sisal Zebra Disease
Huixia HOU1, Xiaolan ZHENG2, * , Kexian YI1, 2, 3, * , Jingen XI2, Hui LI1, Weihuai WU2, Helong CHEN2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Plant Protection, Hainan University / Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forestry Biological Disasters, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests / Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
  • 3.Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.022
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剑麻斑马纹病是一种由烟草疫霉(Phytophthora nicotianae)引起的传染性病害,导致剑麻出现叶斑、茎腐和轴腐的症状,对剑麻纤维的产量和质量造成严重影响。目前,剑麻斑马纹病的防治主要采取以农业栽培措施为主,抗病育种和化学药剂防治相结合的综合防治策略,但是农业防治人工成本高,工人操作技术参差不齐;抗病育种难度大,周期长;化学防治受剑麻叶片表面带有蜡质层的影响,存在药液不易吸附的问题,而且大量施药也容易造成病原抗药性提高和环境污染。因此,开发防治剑麻斑马纹病的生防菌资源,探索综合防控新途径显得尤为重要。本研究以烟草疫霉菌为靶标菌,通过五点对峙法筛选,获得2株生防菌PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5,其菌丝生长抑制率分别为85.92%和83.10%。通过对烟草疫霉菌菌丝显微结构进行观察发现,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5均抑制了烟草疫霉菌菌丝的生长,生防菌对峙的烟草疫霉菌出现菌丝体膨大增粗、分枝畸形、缠绕等现象。基于细胞形态、生理生化反应以及16S rDNA基因序列比对分析,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5鉴定为多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)。进一步研究显示菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5均具有广谱拮抗作用,能够很好地抑制辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsica)、大豆疫霉菌(P. sojae)、瓜疫霉菌(P. melonis)、棕榈疫霉菌(P. palmivora)、豇豆疫霉菌(P. vignae)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus niger)、暹罗刺盘孢菌(Colletotrichum siamense)等11种病原菌的生长。此外,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5具有解有机磷能力、解无机磷能力、解钾能力、固氮能力和产铁能力,可为作物的良好生长提供条件。结果表明,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5对剑麻斑马纹病的防治具有良好的潜力,可为剑麻斑马纹病的生物防治提供基础材料。

剑麻斑马纹病  /  烟草疫霉菌  /  生防菌  /  促生特性

Sisal zebra disease is an infectious disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, causing symptoms such as leaf spot, stem rot and shaft rot in sisal, and it has a serious impact on the yield and quality of sisal fibre. At present, the integrated control strategy of sisal zebra disease is mainly based on agricultural control, and combining disease resistance breeding and chemical control. However, agricultural prevention and control measures have the shortcomings of high labor cost and uneven operation skills of workers, disease-resistance breeding technology is difficult and its cycle is long, and chemical control is affected by the waxy layer on sisal leaf surface, which makes it difficult for the liquid to adsorb, a large amount of drug application can also lead to the increase of pathogen resistance and environmental pollution easily. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop biocontrol bacteria resources for the prevention and control of sisal zebra disease, and enrich comprehensive prevention and control methods. In this study, P. nicotianae was used as the target pathogen bacteria. Two antagonistic bacteria, PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 were obtained by the five-point confrontation method and the mycelial growth inhibition rate was 85.92% and 83.10%. By observing the microscopic structure of P. nicotiana mycelia, it was found that strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 inhibited the growth of P. nicotiana mycelia, and it showed the phenomenon of mycelium enlargement and thickening, branching deformity and entangling. Based on cell morphology, physiological and biochemical reactions, and the alignment of 16S rDNA gene sequences, it was concluded that strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 were identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa. Further studies showed that both strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 had broad spectrum antagonism, and they could effectively inhibit the growth of 11 kinds of pathogens such as P. capsica, P. sojae, P. melonis, P. palmivora, P. vignae, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum siamense and so on. In addition, strains PpHyHNCJ2 and PpHyHNCJ5 had the ability to dissolve organic phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen fixation and iron production, which could provide conditions for the good growth of crops. The results showed that the two biocontrol bacteria had big potential for sisal zebra disease control, and it could lay a foundation for the biological control of sisal zebra disease.

sisal zebra disease  /  Phytophthora nicotianae  /  biocontrol bacteria  /  growth-promoting properties
侯会霞, 郑肖兰, 易克贤, 习金根, 李慧, 吴伟怀, 陈河龙. 2株有效抑制剑麻斑马纹病菌的生防细菌鉴定. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (1) : 205 -214 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.022
Huixia HOU, Xiaolan ZHENG, Kexian YI, Jingen XI, Hui LI, Weihuai WU, Helong CHEN. Identification of Two Biocontrol Bacteria Effectively Inhibiting Sisal Zebra Disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (1) : 205 -214 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.022
剑麻(Agave spp.)又名菠萝麻、龙舌兰麻,为龙舌兰科(Agavaceae)龙舌兰属(Agave)植物[1]。剑麻中的硬质纤维具有耐磨、耐盐碱、耐腐蚀等特性,广泛运用于运输、渔业、化工、国防等重要行业[2-4],剑麻的麻渣还可用于提炼制药和制作有机肥[5-7],同时剑麻也是一种园林观赏植物[8]。中国是世界剑麻主要生产国之一,主要种植于广东、广西、福建、海南等省(区)[9]。1963年我国从坦桑尼亚引入主栽品种——杂交剑麻H. 11648(Agave hybrid H. 11648),该品种具有高产的特点,但极易感染斑马纹病[10-11]
剑麻斑马纹病是一种严重的土传病害,其病原菌为烟草疫霉(Phytophthora nicotianae),该菌能侵染剑麻植株地上部分,表现出叶斑、茎腐和轴腐的症状[12-13]。此外,烟草疫霉生存能力极强,在土壤中能存活数年至数十年,给剑麻生产带来严重损失[14-15]。目前对于该病害的防控主要采取以农业栽培措施为主,抗病育种和化学药剂防治相结合的综合防治措施[16-17],但运用以菌治菌的生物防治措施却鲜有报道。因此,本研究以剑麻斑马纹病为靶标,筛选具有较强生防作用的生防菌,评价其防治效果,以期为剑麻斑马纹病和以烟草疫霉引起的植物病害的生物防治及作物绿色生产提供生防菌源和相应防控技术。
供试生防菌株:PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5分离自海南省昌江黎族自治县火龙果病茎。
供试病原菌:剑麻斑马纹病病原菌烟草疫霉菌保存于中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所。
抑菌谱病原菌:辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsica)P1,寄主为辣椒,由本实验室保存;黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus niger)由本实验室保存;辣椒疫霉菌(P. capsica)P2,寄主为胡椒,由海南省万宁市兴隆热带植物园高圣风赠送;大豆疫霉菌(P. sojae)由南京农业大学王源超赠送;瓜疫霉菌(P. melonis)、棕榈疫霉菌(P. palmivora)和豇豆疫霉菌(P. vignae)由海南大学植物保护学院陈庆河赠送;尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)由海南省三亚市热带农业科学院孔祥义赠送;暹罗刺盘孢菌(Colletotrichum siamense)、可可毛色二孢菌(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)和霍尔木兹毛球二孢菌(L. hormozganensis)由中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所热带果树病害研究组胡美姣赠送。
于2021年7月在海南省进行剑麻、火龙果和橡胶树等作物病害调查,并采用组织分离培养法进行生防菌的分离[18],获得生防菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5。
采用五点对峙法[19]进行生防菌的筛选,用“十”字交叉法在PDA平板背面做好标记,在中心位置接种倒置的直径约为5 mm的剑麻斑马纹病烟草疫霉菌饼,距菌饼为中心20 mm处十字线上的4点接种生防菌,以只在中心位置接病原菌为对照(CK),每个处理设置3个重复。于28 ℃培养5~10 d,对照长满整个平板时,测量菌落直径(cm),计算抑制率[20]
(1)形态学观察。采用革兰氏染色法[21]观察,红色为革兰氏阴性菌,紫色为革兰氏阳性菌。将生防菌株活化后稀释涂布于LB平板上,于28 ℃培养18~24 h,长出单个菌落后,观察菌落特征,包括其形状、菌落颜色、透明度、光滑度及是否产生芽孢等。
(2)生理生化指标测定。参照《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》[21]的方法,对生防菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5的部分特性进行鉴定,包括氧化酶试验、接触酶试验、甲基红试验、乙酰甲基甲醇试验、淀粉水解试验、需氧性试验、明胶液化试验、糖类发酵试验、醇类发酵试验和硝酸盐还原试验。耐盐性试验分别在含2%、5%、7%和10%NaCl(m/V)的LB液体培养基中加入生防菌菌液,对其耐盐性进行评价。
(3)分子生物学鉴定。将生防细菌单菌落接种于LB液体培养基中于28 ℃、180 r/min培养12 h,离心收集菌体,用OMEGA细菌DNA提取试剂盒进行生防细菌DNA的提取。所用引物为细菌鉴定通用引物16S rDNA(27F:5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3′,1492R:5′-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′)[22],PCR反应程序为:95 ℃预变性4 min;94 ℃变性40 s,55 ℃退火45 s,72 ℃延伸1 min,30个循环;72 ℃再延伸7 min。扩增产物经1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测后送华大基因测序有限公司进行测序。所得的碱基经DNAman软件拼接后于NCBI网站上(http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cg)的GenBank数据库进行blast比对,获得同源序列。用MEGA11软件通过Neighbor-Joining法构建系统发育树,确定菌株的分类地位。
参照1.2.2中的五点对峙法,分别测定生防菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5对11种供试病原菌的抑制作用,观察并记录抑菌效果。
参考张昊鑫等[23]的方法进行Salkowski比色液的配制,采用Salkowski比色法[24]测定菌株分泌吲哚乙酸(IAA)的能力。参考张文韬等[25]的方法进行解磷能力测定。解钾能力测定:采用点接法将生防菌接种于解钾培养基平板上,于28 ℃恒温培养箱中培养7 d,菌落周围有透明油滴状晕圈表示该菌株具有解钾能力。参考李章雷等[26]的方法进行固氮能力测定。参考彭云等[27]的方法进行产铁能力测定。
利用Excel 2019和IBM SPSS 22.0软件进行图表制作和数据统计分析,采用Duncan’s新复极差法进行试验数据差异显著性检验;分子生物学鉴定使用DNAman软件进行序列拼接,用MEGA11软件构建系统发育树。
通过分离、筛选获得生防菌PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5,菌丝生长抑制率分别为85.92%、83.10%(图1)。通过观察烟草疫霉菌菌丝显微结构发现,PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5均抑制了烟草疫霉菌菌丝的生长,生防菌对峙的烟草疫霉菌出现菌丝体分支畸形(图2b)、膨大增粗(图2c)、缠绕(图2d)等现象,而对照菌丝表面光滑、粗细均匀、生长正常(图2a)。
菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5在LB培养基平板上均能生长良好(图3A),菌体均呈乳白色,不透明,边缘不整齐,表面较光滑(图3B)。革兰氏染色后在显微镜下观察发现,革兰氏染色均呈阳性,菌体细胞呈杆状,有芽孢(图3C)。
生理生化测试结果显示,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5为厌氧型菌株。在接触酶、乙酰甲基甲醇测定、淀粉水解、硝酸盐还原、明胶液化测试中均呈阳性,在氧化酶、甲基红测定中均呈阴性。且可以利用葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖、甘露醇产酸,但不能利用山梨醇产酸;能利用葡萄糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露醇产气,但不能利用果糖产气。在NaCl浓度为2%~7%时均可生长,在10%NaCl中不能生长(表1)。
将测序结果通过DNAman软件拼接后,得到菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5的16S rDNA有效序列长度分别为1460 bp和1357 bp。将得到的序列在NCBI网站进行blast序列比对,结果显示,菌株PpHyHNCJ2、PpHyHNCJ5与多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)相似性分别为99.72%和99.78%。将序列通过MEGA11软件,用Neighbor-Joining法构建系统发育树,结果显示,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5的16S rDNA序列与多粘类芽孢杆菌(P. polymyxa)聚为一支(图4),结合生防菌形态特征、生理生化特征、系统进化树综合分析,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5鉴定为多粘类芽孢杆菌(P. polymyxa)。
抑菌谱分析结果显示,PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5对11种病原菌均具有较好的抑制效果(图5),菌丝生长抑制率均在61.03%以上。PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5对不同病原菌的抑制率存在显著差异,对大豆疫霉菌的抑制率分别为88.26%、93.89%。菌株PpHyHNCJ2对黑曲霉菌和可可毛色二孢菌的抑制率较低,均为62.44%;菌株PpHyHNCJ5对可可毛色二孢菌抑菌率较差,仅为61.03%(表2)。
生防菌促生特性结果分析表明,生防菌PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5均不具有产植物激素IAA的能力(图6A)。在解有机磷培养基和解无机磷培养基上,PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5菌落周围均出现透明晕圈(图6B图6C),在解钾培养基上菌落周围出现透明油滴状晕圈(图6D),在阿须贝无氮培养基上生长良好(图6E),CAS在固体培养基上菌落周围出现橘黄色晕圈(图6F),表明菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5具有解有机磷能力、解无机磷能力、解钾能力、固氮能力和产铁能力。
剑麻斑马纹病是为害剑麻H.11648的严重病害。目前,针对剑麻斑马纹病的防治主要以预防为主,优先采取农业技术措施防治,化学药剂防治为辅,结合抗病育种等综合防治措施[15]。农业措施、药剂防治和抗病育种对剑麻斑马纹病的防治研究已经相对深入,但是农业防治[28]人工成本高,工人操作技术参差不齐,一些农业措施工作繁琐,很难达到精细化的管理。化学药剂主要有敌克松、甲基托布津、疫霜灵和金雷[29-30]等,防治过程中容易产生死角,加上剑麻叶片表面带有蜡质层,存在药液不易吸附的问题而影响药效,而且大量施药也容易造成病原抗药性提高和环境污染。另外,由于剑麻生长周期长,种质资源缺乏,剑麻遗传背景模糊等问题,加上抗病育种本身难度大,育种周期长、效率低,至今未能育成既抗病又高产优质的剑麻新品种[31-32]。因此,利用“以菌治菌”的措施对剑麻斑马纹病进行防控,完善和丰富剑麻斑马纹病的综合防治方式显得尤为重要。本研究从火龙果病茎中分离筛选获得2株对烟草疫霉菌具有显著抑制效果的菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5,其抑制率分别达85.92%和83.10%,根据菌株形态学观察、生理生化测定以及分子鉴定构建系统发育树,最终菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5鉴定为多粘类芽孢杆菌(P. polymyxa)。
剑麻斑马纹病的主要致病菌为烟草疫霉,目前已有许多生防菌对烟草疫霉有较好防治效果的相关报道[33-34],如生防细菌有枯草芽孢杆菌[35]、铜绿假单胞杆菌[36]、解淀粉芽孢杆菌[37]等,生防真菌有哈茨木霉菌[38]、绿色木霉菌[39]、寡雄腐霉菌[40]等,生防放线菌主要以链霉菌为主[41-43]。多粘类芽孢杆菌是一种重要的生防细菌,具有促生长和生物防治两方面的作用,一是通过固氮、溶解磷、获取铁和产生植物生长调节剂促进植物生长;二是通过诱导植物产生系统抗性、产生杀菌物质,实现生物防治[44]。前人研究显示从烟草根际土壤中分离的多粘类芽孢杆菌C-5菌株[45]和多粘类芽孢杆菌LB-9[46]对烟草疫霉的抑菌率分别为71.10%和60.60%;王波等[47]发现多粘类芽孢杆菌XZ-2对大豆疫霉病菌、大豆炭疽病菌和大豆菌核病菌菌丝均有较强的抑制作用,并可抑制大豆炭疽病菌孢子的萌发;郝芳敏等[48]发现多粘类芽孢杆菌NBmelon-1对甜瓜多种真菌病害的病原菌均有抑制作用,且对甜瓜幼苗的生长具有促生长作用。此外,多粘类芽孢杆菌被美国国家环境保护局定为可作商用的微生物之一[49]。魏鸿刚等[50]利用多粘类芽孢杆菌成功开发出防治植物青枯病和枯萎病的新型、高效微生物农药康地蕾得,该农药对植物青枯病、枯萎病等土传病害防治效果显著,促生增产明显。本研究发现多粘类芽孢杆菌菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5对烟草疫霉菌菌丝体有较强的抑制作用,致使菌丝体出现分支增多、膨大增粗、缠绕等现象,其抑制率分别为85.92%、83.10%,均高于前人的报道;且抑菌谱广,对辣椒疫霉菌、尖孢镰刀菌、黑曲霉菌等11种病原菌的生长表现出较好的抑制效果。另一方面,菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5具有解有机磷能力、解无机磷能力、解钾能力、固氮作用和产铁作用。研究结果还显示本研究分离的多粘类芽孢杆菌的耐盐性为7%,均高于大多数多粘类芽孢杆菌,如菌株C-5的耐盐性为3.5%[45]、菌株SH15的耐盐性为5%[51]等,但其相关机理还有待进一步研究。本研究结果表明:本研究分离的2株多粘类芽孢杆菌既具有杀菌作用,又能够促进植物生长,具有良好的生防潜力,研究结果为该生防菌进一步的实际应用提供理论依据。
虽然关于抑制烟草疫霉菌的生防菌已有较多研究,但能真正成为产品,应用于病害防治的少之又少,本研究分离获得2株多粘类芽孢杆菌(菌株PpHyHNCJ2和PpHyHNCJ5),其对剑麻斑马纹病菌抑制率均达83.10%以上,且抑菌谱广,具有一定的促生能力,下一步将开展这2株生防菌株对剑麻斑马纹病的盆栽及田间防治效果的验证,以期为剑麻斑马纹病的生物防治提供依据。
  • 海南省科技人才创新项目(KJRC2023B18)
  • 国家麻类产业技术体系“剑麻生理与栽培岗位”项目(CARS-16-E16)
  • 海南省院士创新平台资金项目
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2024年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.022
  • 接收时间:2022-11-11
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-11
  • 修回日期:2023-01-03
基金
海南省科技人才创新项目(KJRC2023B18)
国家麻类产业技术体系“剑麻生理与栽培岗位”项目(CARS-16-E16)
海南省院士创新平台资金项目
作者信息
    1.海南大学植物保护学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室,海南海口 570228
    2.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海南海口 571101
    3.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚 572025

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* 郑肖兰(ZHENG Xiaolan),E-mail:
易克贤(YI Kexian),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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