Article(id=1277255789731512740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1663689600000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-21, revisedDate=1666886400000, revisedDateStr=2022-10-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782451110536, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782451110536, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782451110536, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782451110536, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277255754218337268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1706112000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782451102069, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782451256326, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=60, endPage=67, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277255790478098855, articleId=1277255789731512740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Genetic Specificity of New Material of Erospace Banana Based on ISSR Marker, columnId=1236256430060261740, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Germplasm Resources, Genetics & Breeding, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

With the development of the aerospace industry, the method of combining traditional breeding technology with aerospace mutagenesis technology to achieve breeding goals has been widely recognized by breeding experts. The problems faced by the scale of the banana industry in Fujian make the breeding of new banana varieties an important issue. In the early stage of this study, Brazil banana was used as the female parent. On the basis of space mutation, through continuous cultivation, screening and observation, two materials with obvious differences in biological and morphological characteristics were selected. In order to identify the genetic specificity of the two independently bred aerospace banana materials, the ISSR molecular marker technology was used in this study to screen out two primers with good polymorphism from 30 primers to analyze the two aerospace banana materials and 18 existing banana varieties. A total of 17 clear DNA bands were amplified by the two primers screened, of which 13 were polymorphic bands, accounting for 76.47% of the total bands, showing a high polymorphism at the DNA molecular level of banana materials. Electrophoresis showed that, combined with ISSR primers UBC881 and UBC847, the two aerospace banana materials had specific amplification bands, which could be distinguished from the other 18 banana varieties. Cluster analysis results showed that the genetic similarity coefficients between the 20 banana germplasm materials ranged from 0.545 to 1.000, with an average of 0.905; when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.960, there were obvious genetic differences between the two bred aerospace banana materials, and the two bred aerospace banana materials with the female parent, and with other 17 banana germplasms. The results of this study would provide a strong basis for the breeding and identification of new varieties of aerospace bananas.

, authors=Jinying WANG1, Huasheng LI2, Jinying LU2, **, Changfu CAI1, Bangping CAI1, **, authorsList=Jinying WANG, Huasheng LI, Jinying LU, Changfu CAI, Bangping CAI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jinying LU, Bangping CAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277255791690252717, articleId=1277255789731512740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=基于ISSR标记的航天香蕉新材料的遗传特异性, columnId=1236256430219645304, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=种质资源与遗传育种, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

随着航天事业的发展,将传统的育种技术与航天诱变技术相结合实现育种目标的方法已经得到育种专家的广泛认可。福建香蕉产业受到病害、寒害和风害的威胁,以及外来或进口香蕉的冲击,种植规模正面临着萎缩的处境,使香蕉新品种的选育成为香蕉产业研究亟需解决的重要课题。本研究前期以巴西蕉为母本,在航天空间诱变的基础上,经过连续栽培、筛选和观察,选育出生物学和形态学特征差异明显的2份材料。为鉴定自主选育的以上2份航天香蕉材料的遗传特异性,本研究采用ISSR分子标记技术,从30条引物中筛选出2条多态性好的引物,对2份航天香蕉种质和18份现有香蕉种质进行分析。结果表明:筛选的2条引物共扩增出17条清晰的DNA条带,其中多态性条带13条,占总条带数的76.47%,在DNA分子水平上显示出较高的多态位点和丰富的遗传多样性。凝胶电泳结果显示,结合ISSR引物UBC881和UBC847,2份航天香蕉材料均存在特异性扩增条带,可区别于其他18份香蕉种质。聚类分析结果显示,20份香蕉种质材料间的遗传相似性系数介于0.545~1.000之间,平均值为0.905;在遗传相似性系数为0.960时,所选育的2份航天香蕉材料之间,2份航天香蕉材料与母本之间,以及2份航天香蕉材料与其他17份香蕉种质之间均有明显的遗传差异。本研究结果为航天香蕉新品种的选育和鉴定提供依据。

, authors=王金英1, 李华盛2, 鹿金颖2, **, 蔡长福1, 蔡邦平1, **, authorsList=王金英, 李华盛, 鹿金颖, 蔡长福, 蔡邦平, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=鹿金颖, 蔡邦平, authorNote=

* 李华盛(1981—),女,博士,高级工程师,研究方向:空间生物学。

王金英(1988—),女,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:植物栽培育种、园林应用

, correspAuthorsNote=
** 蔡邦平(CAI Bangping),E-mail:
鹿金颖(LU Jinying),E-mail:
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王金英(1988—),女,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:植物栽培育种、园林应用

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王金英(1988—),女,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:植物栽培育种、园林应用

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The breeding of Longfumai 18 by space mutation and and variation analysis of its main characters[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Science, 2008, 22(3): 243-247. (in Chinese), articleTitle=The breeding of Longfumai 18 by space mutation and and variation analysis of its main characters, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1279857792030847026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, awardId=3502Z20199001, language=CN, fundingSource=厦门市社会科技指导项目(3502Z20199001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1279857787580690433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857787589079042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, companyId=1279857787580690433, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xiamen Botanical Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857787597467651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, companyId=1279857787580690433, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.厦门市园林植物园,福建厦门 361003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857787672965124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857787681353733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, companyId=1279857787672965124, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Shenzhou Space Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100190, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857787685548038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, companyId=1279857787672965124, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.航天神舟生物科技集团有限公司,北京 100190)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1279857789585567784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Amplification results by primer UBC881 (A) and UBC847(B)

1-20 are the numbers of banana germplasms; M: DL 5000 DNA marker.

, figureFileSmall=NKWrNeqacjPpx2E8FnHSww==, figureFileBig=LMEP4HFp41kL2D79HTJE9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857789648482345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=CN, label=图1, caption=引物UBC881(A)和UBC847(B)的扩增效果

1~20为香蕉种质编号;M:DL 5000 DNA marker。

, figureFileSmall=NKWrNeqacjPpx2E8FnHSww==, figureFileBig=LMEP4HFp41kL2D79HTJE9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857789732368426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=UPGMA dendrogram for 20 cultivars of banana, figureFileSmall=sNRlLFtMKBWvxDBoUsH3MQ==, figureFileBig=l4kWCPcoagkZvR2gTDY3bg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857789807865899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=CN, label=图2, caption=20个香蕉种质的UPGMA聚类图, figureFileSmall=sNRlLFtMKBWvxDBoUsH3MQ==, figureFileBig=l4kWCPcoagkZvR2gTDY3bg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857791473004588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Information of tested banana germplasms

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.种质名称Germplasm name基因型Genotype编号No.种质名称Germplasm name基因型Genotype
1那龙高把AAA11天宝矮蕉AAA
2柴蕉ABB12龙州中把AAA
3那坡高把AAA13广东2号AAA
4华农甜蕉AAA14齐尾AAA
5高脚遁地雷AAA15北大矮AAA
6漳州选AAA16巴西蕉AAA
7贡蕉AA17安定高芽AAA
8威廉斯8188AAA18菲律宾AAA
9河口高把AAA19航蕉2号AAA
10索马里强AAA20航蕉1号AAA
), ArticleFig(id=1279857791569473581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

供试香蕉种质信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.种质名称Germplasm name基因型Genotype编号No.种质名称Germplasm name基因型Genotype
1那龙高把AAA11天宝矮蕉AAA
2柴蕉ABB12龙州中把AAA
3那坡高把AAA13广东2号AAA
4华农甜蕉AAA14齐尾AAA
5高脚遁地雷AAA15北大矮AAA
6漳州选AAA16巴西蕉AAA
7贡蕉AA17安定高芽AAA
8威廉斯8188AAA18菲律宾AAA
9河口高把AAA19航蕉2号AAA
10索马里强AAA20航蕉1号AAA
), ArticleFig(id=1279857791661748270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

ISSR primer sequence and amplification results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物Primer引物序列(5ʹ-3ʹ)Primer sequence (5ʹ-3ʹ)条带总数No. of bands多态性条带数No. of polymorphic bands多态性比率Percentage of polymorphic/%
UBC881(GGGTG)310880.00
UBC847(CA)8RC7571.43
), ArticleFig(id=1279857791733051439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

ISSR引物序列及扩增结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物Primer引物序列(5ʹ-3ʹ)Primer sequence (5ʹ-3ʹ)条带总数No. of bands多态性条带数No. of polymorphic bands多态性比率Percentage of polymorphic/%
UBC881(GGGTG)310880.00
UBC847(CA)8RC7571.43
), ArticleFig(id=1279857791795966000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Genetic similarity coefficient of twenty banana germplasms

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.1234567891011121314151617181920
11
20.6361
30.9170.6671
40.8700.6960.8801
50.9170.6670.9230.9601
60.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601
70.9170.5450.8330.8700.9170.8701
80.8700.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171
90.9170.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601
100.8700.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171.0000.9601
110.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601
120.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001
130.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001
140.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001.0001
150.9170.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171.0000.9601.0000.9600.9600.9600.9601
160.9170.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171.0000.9601.0000.9600.9600.9600.9601.0001
170.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001.0001.0000.9600.9601
180.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001.0001.0000.9600.9601.0001
190.7620.6670.7830.9090.8700.9090.7620.8700.9090.8700.9090.9090.9090.9090.8700.8700.9090.9091
200.7270.6360.8330.8700.8330.8700.7270.8330.8700.8330.8700.8700.8700.8700.8330.8330.8700.8700.9521
), ArticleFig(id=1279857791879852081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255789731512740, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

20个香蕉种质的遗传相似性系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.1234567891011121314151617181920
11
20.6361
30.9170.6671
40.8700.6960.8801
50.9170.6670.9230.9601
60.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601
70.9170.5450.8330.8700.9170.8701
80.8700.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171
90.9170.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601
100.8700.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171.0000.9601
110.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601
120.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001
130.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001
140.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001.0001
150.9170.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171.0000.9601.0000.9600.9600.9600.9601
160.9170.6670.9230.9601.0000.9600.9171.0000.9601.0000.9600.9600.9600.9601.0001
170.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001.0001.0000.9600.9601
180.8700.6960.8801.0000.9601.0000.8700.9601.0000.9601.0001.0001.0001.0000.9600.9601.0001
190.7620.6670.7830.9090.8700.9090.7620.8700.9090.8700.9090.9090.9090.9090.8700.8700.9090.9091
200.7270.6360.8330.8700.8330.8700.7270.8330.8700.8330.8700.8700.8700.8700.8330.8330.8700.8700.9521
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基于ISSR标记的航天香蕉新材料的遗传特异性
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王金英 1 , 李华盛 2 , 鹿金颖 2, ** , 蔡长福 1 , 蔡邦平 1, **
热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2024,45(1): 60-67
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热带作物学报 |种质资源与遗传育种 2024 , 45 (1) : 60 -67
基于ISSR标记的航天香蕉新材料的遗传特异性
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王金英1, 李华盛2, 鹿金颖2, ** , 蔡长福1, 蔡邦平1, **
作者信息
  • 1.厦门市园林植物园,福建厦门 361003
  • 2.航天神舟生物科技集团有限公司,北京 100190
通讯作者:
** 蔡邦平(CAI Bangping),E-mail:
鹿金颖(LU Jinying),E-mail:
作者简介:

* 李华盛(1981—),女,博士,高级工程师,研究方向:空间生物学。

王金英(1988—),女,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:植物栽培育种、园林应用

Genetic Specificity of New Material of Erospace Banana Based on ISSR Marker
Jinying WANG1, Huasheng LI2, Jinying LU2, ** , Changfu CAI1, Bangping CAI1, **
Affiliations
  • 1.Xiamen Botanical Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China
  • 2.Shenzhou Space Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100190, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.007
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随着航天事业的发展,将传统的育种技术与航天诱变技术相结合实现育种目标的方法已经得到育种专家的广泛认可。福建香蕉产业受到病害、寒害和风害的威胁,以及外来或进口香蕉的冲击,种植规模正面临着萎缩的处境,使香蕉新品种的选育成为香蕉产业研究亟需解决的重要课题。本研究前期以巴西蕉为母本,在航天空间诱变的基础上,经过连续栽培、筛选和观察,选育出生物学和形态学特征差异明显的2份材料。为鉴定自主选育的以上2份航天香蕉材料的遗传特异性,本研究采用ISSR分子标记技术,从30条引物中筛选出2条多态性好的引物,对2份航天香蕉种质和18份现有香蕉种质进行分析。结果表明:筛选的2条引物共扩增出17条清晰的DNA条带,其中多态性条带13条,占总条带数的76.47%,在DNA分子水平上显示出较高的多态位点和丰富的遗传多样性。凝胶电泳结果显示,结合ISSR引物UBC881和UBC847,2份航天香蕉材料均存在特异性扩增条带,可区别于其他18份香蕉种质。聚类分析结果显示,20份香蕉种质材料间的遗传相似性系数介于0.545~1.000之间,平均值为0.905;在遗传相似性系数为0.960时,所选育的2份航天香蕉材料之间,2份航天香蕉材料与母本之间,以及2份航天香蕉材料与其他17份香蕉种质之间均有明显的遗传差异。本研究结果为航天香蕉新品种的选育和鉴定提供依据。

航天育种  /  香蕉  /  ISSR  /  遗传特异性

With the development of the aerospace industry, the method of combining traditional breeding technology with aerospace mutagenesis technology to achieve breeding goals has been widely recognized by breeding experts. The problems faced by the scale of the banana industry in Fujian make the breeding of new banana varieties an important issue. In the early stage of this study, Brazil banana was used as the female parent. On the basis of space mutation, through continuous cultivation, screening and observation, two materials with obvious differences in biological and morphological characteristics were selected. In order to identify the genetic specificity of the two independently bred aerospace banana materials, the ISSR molecular marker technology was used in this study to screen out two primers with good polymorphism from 30 primers to analyze the two aerospace banana materials and 18 existing banana varieties. A total of 17 clear DNA bands were amplified by the two primers screened, of which 13 were polymorphic bands, accounting for 76.47% of the total bands, showing a high polymorphism at the DNA molecular level of banana materials. Electrophoresis showed that, combined with ISSR primers UBC881 and UBC847, the two aerospace banana materials had specific amplification bands, which could be distinguished from the other 18 banana varieties. Cluster analysis results showed that the genetic similarity coefficients between the 20 banana germplasm materials ranged from 0.545 to 1.000, with an average of 0.905; when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.960, there were obvious genetic differences between the two bred aerospace banana materials, and the two bred aerospace banana materials with the female parent, and with other 17 banana germplasms. The results of this study would provide a strong basis for the breeding and identification of new varieties of aerospace bananas.

aerospace breeding  /  banana  /  ISSR  /  genetic specificity
王金英, 李华盛, 鹿金颖, 蔡长福, 蔡邦平. 基于ISSR标记的航天香蕉新材料的遗传特异性. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (1) : 60 -67 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.007
Jinying WANG, Huasheng LI, Jinying LU, Changfu CAI, Bangping CAI. Genetic Specificity of New Material of Erospace Banana Based on ISSR Marker[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (1) : 60 -67 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.007
根据APG Ⅲ分类系统,香蕉(Musa nana Lour.)是单子叶植物分支下的姜目(Zingiberales)植物,属于芭蕉科(Musaceae)芭蕉属(Musa)。香蕉主要产于热带及亚热带地区,是世界上非常重要的一种热带水果和粮食作物,也是我国南部地区的重要经济作物之一。福建省香蕉栽培历史悠久,但是福建地处我国香蕉栽培适区的北缘,具有一定的局限性[1]。现今福建的香蕉产业受到病害、寒害或风害的严重威胁,以及外来或进口香蕉的冲击,正面临着规模萎缩的处境。因此,选育抗病、耐寒、优质、高产的香蕉新品种,已成为福建香蕉研究亟需解决的重要课题。
航天育种是利用太空环境中的极端条件(微重力、强辐射、高真空等因素),诱发植物的遗传物质发生改变,从中选择优良变异,培育优质、高产、多抗的植物新品种的育种方法[2]。将传统的育种技术与航天诱变技术相结合实现育种目标的方法,已经得到国内外育种专家的广泛认可。我国自1987年首次开展返回式卫星航天搭载水稻等农作物种子,距今已有30多年[3]。随着我国航天事业的发展,通过航天育种方式已选育出一大批优质、高产、多抗的新品种,正服务并助推着相关产业的发展。航天育种为植物新品种的选育打开了新世界的大门,也为香蕉新品种的选育开拓了新的途径。
简单重复序列区间(inter-simple sequence repeat,ISSR)是由ZIEDEWIEZ等[4]提出的、基于SSR的基础上发展起来的一种DNA扩增多态性检测技术。因其具有DNA模板用量少、引物设计简单、操作快速高效、多态性好、稳定性好、可重复性高等优势,常在植物遗传多样性、种质资源鉴定、分类及亲缘关系分析等方面有广泛的应用[5-8]。本研究以2份航天香蕉种质和18份其他香蕉种质为材料,通过ISSR标记技术,旨在构建航天香蕉新材料的分子指纹图谱,以期为航天香蕉新品种的鉴定和分类提供参考。
供试香蕉种质共20份,包括3个基因型(AAA、ABB、AA),其中18份来自厦门市园林植物园热带作物品种资源库香蕉种质圃,2份航天诱变香蕉材料(即航蕉1号和航蕉2号)由航天神舟生物科技集团有限公司提供(表1)。2份航天诱变香蕉材料是以巴西蕉为亲本,通过航天诱变、筛选而得。
以新鲜卷筒嫩叶作为提取香蕉DNA的材料。采集叶片组织时,按不同品种分别做好标识,迅速清洗擦净,并尽快用液氮速冻处理,再转至–80 ℃超低温冰箱保存,备用。
采用CTAB法提取DNA,主要步骤如下:(1)在液氮中将叶片组织迅速研磨至粉末状,再迅速转入2 mL离心管中;加入1 mL 3%CTAB裂解液和20 μL β-巯基乙醇,摇匀,65 ℃水浴20~30 min;(2)10 000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液,加入500 μL氯仿∶异戊醇(24∶1)溶液,混匀;(3)重复上一步骤;(4)10 000 r/min离心10 min,吸取上清夜,加入2/3体积的异丙醇,混匀;(5)10 000 r/min离心5 min,弃上清夜,留下絮状沉淀,加入200~300 μL 70%乙醇清洗,再离心5 min;(6)待乙醇挥发后,将沉淀用200 μL ddH2O保存于4 ℃下,备用(长期保存于–20 ℃冰箱)。
采用反应体系:10 μL 2×Taq PCR mixture,2 μL Primer(10 μmol/L),30 ng DNA template,加重蒸水补足至20 μL。
PCR仪扩增循环体系:反应条件为94 ℃预变性4 min;94 ℃变性30 s,54 ℃退火40 s,72 ℃延伸90 s,45个循环;最后72 ℃延伸6 min,于4 ℃保存。
PCR扩增产物在2%琼脂糖上进行电泳检测,拍照记录检测结果。
根据电泳检测结果,采用人工计数的方法读取条带并统计,同一条引物扩增出的相同条带记为数值1,无相同条带则记为0,由此构建出0-1数据矩阵。根据所得到的数据矩阵,利用NTSYSpc version 2.10e统计软件计算各香蕉种质间的遗传相似系数(coefficient),并采用该软件中的非加权组平均法(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means,UPGMA)进行聚类分析[9]
从30条ISSR引物中,筛选出清晰、稳定性高、重复性好的2条扩增条带,并呈多态性的引物(表2图1)。2条ISSR引物在20份香蕉种质资源中,共扩增获得17条清晰的条带,条带的片段长度范围为300~2500 bp,其中多态性条带共有13条,平均多态性比率为76.47%。
在17条总条带的17个位点中,航蕉1号(20号泳道)相比亲本巴西蕉(16号泳道)有4个特异性位点,另有13个相似位点,特异性位点占23.53%;航蕉2号(19号泳道)相比亲本巴西蕉有3个特异性位点,另有14个相似位点,特异性位点占17.65%。
由此可见,参试的20份香蕉种质资源具有较高的ISSR多态位点,在DNA分子水平上的遗传多样性比较丰富。同时,供试的航天香蕉材料(即航蕉1号和航蕉2号)与亲本巴西蕉之间存在明显的差异性。
ISSR引物UBC881的扩增结果显示:在分子量为1000 bp的位置,1、3~20号泳道均有1条明亮的特异性条带,仅2号柴蕉的条带较弱;7号贡蕉在分子量约为1300 bp的位置无特异性条带,其他材料均有条带扩增;在分子量分别约为2000 bp和2500 bp的位置,19号泳道上的航蕉2号和20号泳道上的航蕉1号均无条带扩增(图1A,箭头所示位置),而其他香蕉种质,包括亲本巴西蕉(16号泳道)在此位置均有扩增产物。因此,ISSR引物UBC881可以将2个航天香蕉材料与亲本巴西蕉,以及柴蕉、贡蕉等其他18个香蕉种质区分开。
ISSR引物UBC847电泳结果显示:在分子量约为1800 bp位置,2号泳道存在特异性条带缺失的现象;约800 bp位置,7号泳道存在特异性条带缺失的现象;在分子量约为750 bp的位置,航蕉1号(泳道20)和3号有1条较明显的亮色条带(图1B,箭头所示位置),而其他香蕉种质,包括亲本巴西蕉(16号泳道)在该位置无扩增条带。由此可见,ISSR引物UBC847可以将航天香蕉材料航蕉1号与航蕉2号,以及其他18种香蕉种质进行区分。
根据0-1数据矩阵,利用NTSYSpc version 2.10e统计软件计算各香种质间的遗传相似系数(表3)。20个供试香蕉种质间的遗传相似性系数介于0.545~1.000之间,平均遗传相似性系数为0.905。
其中华南甜蕉、漳州选、河口高把、天宝矮蕉、龙州中把、广东2号、齐尾、安定高芽、菲律宾之间,以及高脚遁地雷、威廉斯8188、索马里强、北大矮、巴西蕉之间的遗传相似性系数最大,为1.000,显示各个种质间具有较近的亲缘关系。柴蕉与贡蕉之间的遗传相似性系数最小,为0.545,说明它们彼此之间存在较大的遗传差异。
航天香蕉材料航蕉1号与航蕉2号之间的遗传相似性系数为0.952,航蕉2号与其他18个香蕉品种间的遗传相似性系数为0.667~0.909,航蕉1号与其他18个香蕉种质间的遗传相似性系数为0.636~0.870。其中航蕉1号(20号材料)与亲本巴西蕉(16号材料)的遗传相似性系数为0.833;航蕉2号(19号材料)与亲本巴西蕉的遗传相似性系数为0.870。
综上,2种航天香蕉材料之间、2种航天香蕉材料与亲本巴西蕉之间、以及2种航天香蕉材料与其他17个香蕉种质间均具有一定的遗传差异,从数值上来看,在DNA分子水平上,航蕉1号与其他18个香蕉种质的遗传差异大于航蕉2号。
基于ISSR扩增结果,根据20份香蕉种质的遗传相似性系数,按照UPGMA法进行聚类分析得到亲缘关系树状图(图2)。从图2可以看出,设定遗传相似性系数为0.850时,供试的20份香蕉种质群体可简单地分为2个类群(Ⅰ、Ⅱ),其中类群Ⅰ仅有柴蕉1种,其他19种香蕉种质均归为类群Ⅱ,说明柴蕉与其他19种香蕉之间的亲缘关系较远。在类群Ⅱ中,当设定遗传相似性系数为0.880时,即可判断供试的目标材料航蕉1号、航蕉2号与亲本巴西蕉,以及其他16种香蕉材料的亲缘关系有较大差异。当设定遗传相似性系数为0.900时,类群Ⅱ又分为4个亚类,即航蕉1号和航蕉2号为1个亚类(Ⅱa),贡蕉为1个亚类(Ⅱb),那龙高把和那坡高把为1个亚类(Ⅱd),其他14种香蕉品种为1个亚类(Ⅱc),4个亚类之间聚类差异明显。当遗传相似性系数为0.960时,可分为8类,可看出航天香蕉材料航蕉1号和航蕉2号之间有明显的聚类差异,存在遗传多样性。而华南甜蕉、漳州选、河口高把、天宝矮蕉、龙州中把、广东2号、齐尾、安定高芽、菲律宾之间,以及高脚遁地雷、威廉斯8188、索马里强、北大矮、巴西蕉之间无明显的聚类差异,说明这些种质间亲缘关系相对较近。
目前,ISSR分子标记技术在植物遗传育种以及种质资源研究中已得到广泛应用,范围涉及粮、油、果、蔬作物以及观赏、药用植物等。张超等[10]应用ISSR标记技术对103份裸大麦进行分析,得出裸大麦的地理分布与遗传多样性的关系。丁灿等[11]通过ISSR标记对油棕新品种进行了遗传多样性分析。赵依杰等[12]利用ISSR标记技术,鉴定了枇杷的新品种东湖早。周成城等[13]采用ISSR标记对18份樱属材料进行了有效区分和鉴定,并进一步分析了材料之间的亲缘关系。ISSR标记技术在香蕉方面的研究也有报道,包括香蕉种质资源[14-15]、遗传多样性[16-18]、亲缘关系[19-20]、品种选育[21-22]、抗病性研究[23-24]等。这些研究充分说明了ISSR分子标记技术在香蕉研究应用上的可行性。
浩瀚无际的太空已然成为人类探索研究农业生产、植物育种的新基地。本课题组所选育的2份航天香蕉材料(航蕉1号和航蕉2号)是以巴西蕉为母本,在航天空间诱变的基础上,经过连续栽培选育出来的。本研究在ISSR分子标记的层面上,从30条引物中,筛选出2条引物构建DNA数字化指纹图谱进行遗传特异性分析,得出供试的目标材料航蕉1号与航蕉2号存在特异性位点可区别于其他18份香蕉种质,航蕉1号相比亲本巴西蕉特异性位点占23.53%,航蕉2号相比亲本巴西蕉特异性位点占17.65%。航蕉1号与巴西蕉的遗传相似性系数为0.833,航蕉2号与巴西蕉的遗传相似性系数为0.870,2种航天材料与其他18份香蕉种质存在明显的聚类差异。结合田间观察,航蕉1号、航蕉2号与亲本巴西蕉在表型性状上也存在一定的差异,如植株大小、果穗果实形态、果实产量等性状。根据试验结果分析得出,航蕉1号、航蕉2号与母本巴西蕉(基因型均为AAA)三者之间,以及与其他17份香蕉种质之间存在明显的遗传特异性,研究结果为新品种的分类鉴定和保护提供了科学依据,也为香蕉种质资源的创新和新品种选育提供参考。
根据聚类分析结果,结合各香蕉种质的基因型特点,可以得出:柴蕉(基因型为ABB)和贡蕉(基因型为AA)之间存在差异,同时与其他香蕉种质(基因型为AAA)之间也有明显不同的表现,可以初步说明基因型不同的香蕉种质之间亲缘关系相对较远,表现出明显的遗传差异,这与前人的研究结果[16-17]基本一致。虽然巴西蕉是2种航天香蕉材料的亲本,但是从聚类图可以看出,航蕉1号、航蕉2号与巴西蕉之间的遗传距离相对较远,说明航天搭载可使巴西蕉的遗传物质在某些特定的位点发生较大的改变,充分证明了航天搭载是一种非常行之有效的诱变育种技术,故而可从变异后代中选育出新品种[24]。但是,航蕉1号、航蕉2号与巴西蕉之间的遗传距离相对较远,以及基因型AA的贡蕉与基因型为AAA的香蕉材料未被简单地分成2类,这并不排除由于本研究为了区分2份航天香蕉目标材料与其他材料之间的遗传差异,而筛选所用的引物数量较少的原因。
  • 厦门市社会科技指导项目(3502Z20199001)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.007
  • 接收时间:2022-09-21
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-21
  • 修回日期:2022-10-28
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厦门市社会科技指导项目(3502Z20199001)
作者信息
    1.厦门市园林植物园,福建厦门 361003
    2.航天神舟生物科技集团有限公司,北京 100190

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** 蔡邦平(CAI Bangping),E-mail:
鹿金颖(LU Jinying),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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