Article(id=1276862199515709536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276862113658303045, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.03.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725897600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1730649600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-11-04, onlineDate=1782357271317, onlineDateStr=2026-06-25, pubDate=1742832000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782357271317, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782357271317, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782357271317, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276862113658303045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='3', pageStart='515', pageEnd='775', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1742832000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782357250847, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782357480466, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276863076821496476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276862113658303045, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276863076825690781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276862113658303045, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=662, endPage=674, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276862199805116514, articleId=1276862199515709536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Effect of Combined Application of Compound Endophytic Agent and Potassium Fulvic Acid on Sugarcane Growth under Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Application, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The study was aimed to study the effects of potassium fulvic acid (FA-K) and endophytic agents (single/combined) on the growth of sugarcane of Yuncane 08-1609 under the condition of halving the amount of conventional chemical fertilizers and to provide a reference for the subsequent research on high-efficiency organic compound bacterial fertilizer for increasing yield and weight loss in the sugar cane industry. The effects of endophytic agents on the growth of sugarcane seedlings and the growth-promoting effects of different fertilization formula treatment [conventional fertilizer application rate (F1), 50% conventional fertilizer application rate + potassium fulvic acid (F2)] and endophytic agent treatment on the growth of sugarcane seedlings and the interaction were investigated through soaking seed germination test and pot experiment. The “B9+YC89” compound agent could significantly promote the growth of sugarcane seedlings, compared with F1, F2 fertilization formula and endophytic agent could significantly improve agronomic traits, photosynthetic and physiological indexes of sugarcane seedlings, and F2 treatment could significantly increase stem diameter, fresh dry weight, +1 leaf area, root activity, photosynthetic index, soluble protein and soluble sugar content, and glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase (GS and GOGAT) activities of sugarcane plants. F2“B9+YC89” treatment had the most significant effects on +1 leaf length, +1 leaf area, number of main stem leaves, dry weight, root activity, photosynthesis, soluble matter content and two enzyme activities. In summary, in sugarcane production, the use of “B9+YC89” compound microbial agent soaking and germination can promote the germination of sugarcane seedlings. Under the condition of 50% conventional chemical fertilizer, potassium fulvic acid further promoted the seedling growth of Yuncane 08-1609 compared with conventional chemical fertilizer treatment, and the combined application of potassium fulvic acid and “B9+YC89” compound microbial agent could effectively promote the seedling growth of Yuncane 08-1609. The study are conducive to promoting the development of weight loss and efficiency increase in sugarcane industry, and provide ideas for new cultivation and planting technologies.

, authors=null, authorsList=Han LIU, Linyan XIE, Yining DI, Lisi CAO, Fusheng LI, Lufeng LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fusheng LI, Lufeng LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276862202812432496, articleId=1276862199515709536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=减施化肥条件下复合内生菌剂与黄腐酸钾配施对甘蔗生长的影响, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究在常规化肥量减半条件下,研究黄腐酸钾(FA-K)和内生菌剂(单/复合)对云蔗08-1609甘蔗生长的影响,以期为糖蔗产业研制高效有机复合菌肥提供参考依据。通过浸种催芽试验和盆栽试验,探究内生菌剂对甘蔗种苗生长的作用,不同施肥配方处理[常规施化肥(F1)、50%常规施化肥量+黄腐酸钾(F2)]和内生菌剂处理对甘蔗苗期生长的促生效应及其交互作用。结果表明:B9+YC89复合菌剂可以显著促进甘蔗种苗生长,采用F2施肥配方和施内生菌剂可以显著提高甘蔗苗期农艺性状、光合及生理指标,F2较F1处理能显著提高蔗苗的茎粗、鲜干质量、+1叶面积、根系活力、光合参数、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶(glutamine synthetase,GS)活性、谷氨酸合成酶(glutamate synthase,GOGAT)活性;F2 B9+YC89处理促进+1叶长、+1叶面积、主茎叶片数、干质量、根系活力、光合作用、可溶性物质含量及GS、GOGAT活性效果最为显著。因此,在甘蔗生产中,采用B9+YC89复合菌剂浸种催芽可促进甘蔗种苗萌发;在50%常规施化肥条件下,黄腐酸钾较常规施化肥处理进一步促进云蔗08-1609甘蔗苗期生长,黄腐酸钾与B9+YC89复合菌剂配合施用能有效促进云蔗08-1609甘蔗苗期生长。本研究结果有利于推动甘蔗产业减肥增效方向的发展,为新型栽培种植技术提供思路。

, authors=

刘涵(1996—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘蔗种质资源评价与利用。

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* 刘鲁峰(LIU Lufeng),E-mail:
李富生(LI Fusheng),E-mail:
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刘涵(1996—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘蔗种质资源评价与利用。

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刘涵(1996—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘蔗种质资源评价与利用。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of different nitrogen levels on chloroplast structure and GS expression in different sugarcane varieties, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276862230524199191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=31, issue=9, pageStart=1301, pageEnd=1312, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=91, authorNames=冯万军, 邢国芳, 牛旭龙, 窦晨, 韩渊怀, journalName=生物工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=冯万军, 邢国芳, 牛旭龙, 窦晨, 韩渊怀. 植物谷氨酰胺合成酶研究进展及其应用前景[J]. 生物工程学报, 2015, 31(9): 1301-1312., articleTitle=植物谷氨酰胺合成酶研究进展及其应用前景, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276862230603890968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=31, issue=9, pageStart=1301, pageEnd=1312, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=92, authorNames=FENG W J, XING G F, NIU X L, DOU C, HAN Y H, journalName=Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FENG W J, XING G F, NIU X L, DOU C, HAN Y H. 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Response of bacterial communities to different agronomic regulation measures in purple mud paddy fields[J]. Journal of Agri-Environmental Science, 2022, 41(2): 367-374. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Response of bacterial communities to different agronomic regulation measures in purple mud paddy fields, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276862231233036574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=114, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[57], rfOrder=98, authorNames=XIE L Y, LIU L F, LUO Y J, RAO X B, LV S Z, QIAN Z F, DI Y N, LOU H B, HE L L, LI F S, journalName=Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE L Y, LIU L F, LUO Y J, RAO X B, LV S Z, QIAN Z F, DI Y N, LOU H B, HE L L, LI F S. Bacillus velezensis YC89-mediated recruitment of rhizosphere bacteria improve resistance against sugarcane red rot[J]. 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不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=LISph93ZLH8y3pVsN65TUA==, figureFileBig=DStH1Oz6G5zgxFDzXv1gqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862216330674344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Photosynthetic parameters of leaves of Yuncane 08-1609 seedlings after different treatments, figureFileSmall=bV04Gf16fttr513wdzy4rQ==, figureFileBig=mXUI7USEyqqQ6p5pJP3wmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862216758493353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同处理后云蔗08-1609苗期叶片的光合参数

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=bV04Gf16fttr513wdzy4rQ==, figureFileBig=mXUI7USEyqqQ6p5pJP3wmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862216833990826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Soluble protein content in leaves of Yuncane 08-1609 at seedling stage after different treatments, figureFileSmall=vV80qv7/6VdH1fEThPfRyA==, figureFileBig=mbEI9MEwbFDyjuCcSdZ6Pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862217190506667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同处理后云蔗08-1609苗期叶片可溶性蛋白含量

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=vV80qv7/6VdH1fEThPfRyA==, figureFileBig=mbEI9MEwbFDyjuCcSdZ6Pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862217580576941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Soluble sugar content in leaves of Yuncane 08-1609 at seedling stage after different treatments, figureFileSmall=9/8iH7JJQEdxYixU4IpM9Q==, figureFileBig=wdM7j9SCSUA6p9GxqR179Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862217643491502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同处理后云蔗08-1609苗期叶片可溶性糖含量

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

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不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

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不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=wPhDXMjhg2ntA4aJ/n6uPQ==, figureFileBig=dgE7nbCbr7czqE9/vHHF/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276862219237327027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Growth of sugarcane seedlings of Yuncane 08-1609 after inoculation after different treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
内生菌剂Endophytic agent芽长Bud length/cm根长Root length/cm根数Number of roots
Q1.06±0.20e0.17±0.08e12.83±2.59d
B91.76±0.12c0.43±0.08c16.75±1.66b
YC891.97±0.17b0.56±0.07b18.58±2.15b
FZB421.52±0.15d0.33±0.11d14.83±2.08c
B9+YC892.29±0.14a0.68±0.10a20.83±2.33a
B9+FZB421.09±0.22e0.17±0.08e12.25±2.96d
F99.668**72.350**24.770**
), ArticleFig(id=1276862219304435892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同处理后云蔗08-1609幼苗的生长情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
内生菌剂Endophytic agent芽长Bud length/cm根长Root length/cm根数Number of roots
Q1.06±0.20e0.17±0.08e12.83±2.59d
B91.76±0.12c0.43±0.08c16.75±1.66b
YC891.97±0.17b0.56±0.07b18.58±2.15b
FZB421.52±0.15d0.33±0.11d14.83±2.08c
B9+YC892.29±0.14a0.68±0.10a20.83±2.33a
B9+FZB421.09±0.22e0.17±0.08e12.25±2.96d
F99.668**72.350**24.770**
), ArticleFig(id=1276862219379933365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Fresh and dry weight of Yuncane 08-1609 after different treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment鲜质量Fresh weight/g干质量Dry weight/g
施肥配方Fertilization formulation菌剂Endophytic agent地上部分Underground part地下部分Overground part
F1Q291.63±2.15f68.10±2.98f5.93±0.25i
B9318.07±2.76d95.57±4.83d8.60±0.56fg
YC89330.67±2.60c110.83±2.02c10.27±0.42d
FZB42303.00±5.56e95.67±2.01d8.13±0.35g
B9+YC89337.60±5.31bc107.83±4.12c11.53±0.25c
B9+FZB42278.40±4.65g62.67±2.93f6.13±0.35hi
F2Q308.00±2.91e76.67±2.35e6.73±0.21h
B9343.67±2.81b112.10±3.22c11.63±0.15c
YC89356.07±3.18a122.53±3.15b13.87±0.35b
FZB42321.33±3.86d109.20±0.87c9.37±0.55e
B9+YC89360.77±3.66a133.83±4.99a15.60±0.70a
B9+FZB42289.83±5.35f79.83±2.12e8.83±0.06ef
CKQ145.23±6.45h41.23±4.40g3.47±0.31j
FF237.148**215.185**387.647**
E257.365**271.250**295.870**
F×E3.144*5.322**16.507**
), ArticleFig(id=1276862219660951734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同处理后云蔗08-1609的鲜、干质量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment鲜质量Fresh weight/g干质量Dry weight/g
施肥配方Fertilization formulation菌剂Endophytic agent地上部分Underground part地下部分Overground part
F1Q291.63±2.15f68.10±2.98f5.93±0.25i
B9318.07±2.76d95.57±4.83d8.60±0.56fg
YC89330.67±2.60c110.83±2.02c10.27±0.42d
FZB42303.00±5.56e95.67±2.01d8.13±0.35g
B9+YC89337.60±5.31bc107.83±4.12c11.53±0.25c
B9+FZB42278.40±4.65g62.67±2.93f6.13±0.35hi
F2Q308.00±2.91e76.67±2.35e6.73±0.21h
B9343.67±2.81b112.10±3.22c11.63±0.15c
YC89356.07±3.18a122.53±3.15b13.87±0.35b
FZB42321.33±3.86d109.20±0.87c9.37±0.55e
B9+YC89360.77±3.66a133.83±4.99a15.60±0.70a
B9+FZB42289.83±5.35f79.83±2.12e8.83±0.06ef
CKQ145.23±6.45h41.23±4.40g3.47±0.31j
FF237.148**215.185**387.647**
E257.365**271.250**295.870**
F×E3.144*5.322**16.507**
), ArticleFig(id=1276862219723866295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Agronomic characters of Yuncane 08-1609 after different treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment苗长Seedling length/cm茎粗Stem thick/mm主茎叶片数Leaf number of stem+1叶长+1 Leaf length/cm+1叶面积+1 Leaf area/cm2
施肥配方Fertilization formulation内生菌剂Endophytic agent
F1Q208.03±2.49de19.63±0.83ef10.50±0.55d147.02±10.21b317.94±8.69j
B9210.43±6.09cde20.18±0.80de10.83±0.41cd148.73±5.66b453.28±4.51g
YC89213.85±2.79bcd21.77±0.64bc10.83±0.75cd150.47±6.12b473.42±4.25f
FZB42205.25±8.61e19.62±0.75ef10.67±0.52cd148.13±4.68b419.54±2.78h
B9+YC89217.52±4.12abc22.20±0.99b11.33±0.52abc154.83±6.54ab495.21±3.56de
B9+FZB42183.78±7.75f19.02±0.51f11.33±0.52abc147.62±3.38b429.21±3.13h
F2Q208.62±4.83de21.28±0.62bc10.83±0.41cd147.53±5.73b374.36±13.25i
B9218.75±2.71ab22.12±0.70b11.00±0.00bcd154.52±5.25ab515.76±6.59c
YC89222.02±4.03a23.85±0.76a11.67±0.52ab154.83±7.79ab539.42±1.39b
FZB42210.70±9.29cde20.80±1.40cd11.00±0.63bcd153.15±5.31ab488.27±3.29e
B9+YC89223.07±4.80a24.07±0.53a11.83±0.41a159.33±4.48a567.86±1.52a
B9+FZB42205.08±8.00e21.03±0.96cd11.67±0.52ab154.17±3.58ab500.70±0.85d
CKQ160.72±2.46g16.85±0.96g10.50±0.55d125.18±4.13c256.45±7.80k
FF34.632**84.730**12.097**9.925**789.264**
E29.813**32.423**6.548**3.416**1252.616**
F×E4.165**0.4870.6130.3661.761
), ArticleFig(id=1276862219799363768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276862199515709536, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同处理后云蔗08-1609的农艺性状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment苗长Seedling length/cm茎粗Stem thick/mm主茎叶片数Leaf number of stem+1叶长+1 Leaf length/cm+1叶面积+1 Leaf area/cm2
施肥配方Fertilization formulation内生菌剂Endophytic agent
F1Q208.03±2.49de19.63±0.83ef10.50±0.55d147.02±10.21b317.94±8.69j
B9210.43±6.09cde20.18±0.80de10.83±0.41cd148.73±5.66b453.28±4.51g
YC89213.85±2.79bcd21.77±0.64bc10.83±0.75cd150.47±6.12b473.42±4.25f
FZB42205.25±8.61e19.62±0.75ef10.67±0.52cd148.13±4.68b419.54±2.78h
B9+YC89217.52±4.12abc22.20±0.99b11.33±0.52abc154.83±6.54ab495.21±3.56de
B9+FZB42183.78±7.75f19.02±0.51f11.33±0.52abc147.62±3.38b429.21±3.13h
F2Q208.62±4.83de21.28±0.62bc10.83±0.41cd147.53±5.73b374.36±13.25i
B9218.75±2.71ab22.12±0.70b11.00±0.00bcd154.52±5.25ab515.76±6.59c
YC89222.02±4.03a23.85±0.76a11.67±0.52ab154.83±7.79ab539.42±1.39b
FZB42210.70±9.29cde20.80±1.40cd11.00±0.63bcd153.15±5.31ab488.27±3.29e
B9+YC89223.07±4.80a24.07±0.53a11.83±0.41a159.33±4.48a567.86±1.52a
B9+FZB42205.08±8.00e21.03±0.96cd11.67±0.52ab154.17±3.58ab500.70±0.85d
CKQ160.72±2.46g16.85±0.96g10.50±0.55d125.18±4.13c256.45±7.80k
FF34.632**84.730**12.097**9.925**789.264**
E29.813**32.423**6.548**3.416**1252.616**
F×E4.165**0.4870.6130.3661.761
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减施化肥条件下复合内生菌剂与黄腐酸钾配施对甘蔗生长的影响
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刘涵 1 , 谢林艳 1 , 狄义宁 1 , 曹莉斯 1 , 李富生 1, 2, * , 刘鲁峰 1, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2025,46(3): 662-674
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2025 , 46 (3) : 662 -674
减施化肥条件下复合内生菌剂与黄腐酸钾配施对甘蔗生长的影响
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刘涵1, 谢林艳1, 狄义宁1, 曹莉斯1, 李富生1, 2, * , 刘鲁峰1, *
作者信息
  • 1.云南农业大学,云南昆明 650201
  • 2.云南省作物生产与智慧农业重点实验室,云南昆明 650201
通讯作者:
* 刘鲁峰(LIU Lufeng),E-mail:
李富生(LI Fusheng),E-mail:
Effect of Combined Application of Compound Endophytic Agent and Potassium Fulvic Acid on Sugarcane Growth under Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Application
Han LIU1, Linyan XIE1, Yining DI1, Lisi CAO1, Fusheng LI1, 2, * , Lufeng LIU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201
  • 2.Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Smart Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
出版时间: 2025-03-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.03.014
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本研究在常规化肥量减半条件下,研究黄腐酸钾(FA-K)和内生菌剂(单/复合)对云蔗08-1609甘蔗生长的影响,以期为糖蔗产业研制高效有机复合菌肥提供参考依据。通过浸种催芽试验和盆栽试验,探究内生菌剂对甘蔗种苗生长的作用,不同施肥配方处理[常规施化肥(F1)、50%常规施化肥量+黄腐酸钾(F2)]和内生菌剂处理对甘蔗苗期生长的促生效应及其交互作用。结果表明:B9+YC89复合菌剂可以显著促进甘蔗种苗生长,采用F2施肥配方和施内生菌剂可以显著提高甘蔗苗期农艺性状、光合及生理指标,F2较F1处理能显著提高蔗苗的茎粗、鲜干质量、+1叶面积、根系活力、光合参数、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶(glutamine synthetase,GS)活性、谷氨酸合成酶(glutamate synthase,GOGAT)活性;F2 B9+YC89处理促进+1叶长、+1叶面积、主茎叶片数、干质量、根系活力、光合作用、可溶性物质含量及GS、GOGAT活性效果最为显著。因此,在甘蔗生产中,采用B9+YC89复合菌剂浸种催芽可促进甘蔗种苗萌发;在50%常规施化肥条件下,黄腐酸钾较常规施化肥处理进一步促进云蔗08-1609甘蔗苗期生长,黄腐酸钾与B9+YC89复合菌剂配合施用能有效促进云蔗08-1609甘蔗苗期生长。本研究结果有利于推动甘蔗产业减肥增效方向的发展,为新型栽培种植技术提供思路。

甘蔗  /  黄腐酸钾  /  内生菌剂  /  化肥  /  促生作用  /  交互作用

The study was aimed to study the effects of potassium fulvic acid (FA-K) and endophytic agents (single/combined) on the growth of sugarcane of Yuncane 08-1609 under the condition of halving the amount of conventional chemical fertilizers and to provide a reference for the subsequent research on high-efficiency organic compound bacterial fertilizer for increasing yield and weight loss in the sugar cane industry. The effects of endophytic agents on the growth of sugarcane seedlings and the growth-promoting effects of different fertilization formula treatment [conventional fertilizer application rate (F1), 50% conventional fertilizer application rate + potassium fulvic acid (F2)] and endophytic agent treatment on the growth of sugarcane seedlings and the interaction were investigated through soaking seed germination test and pot experiment. The “B9+YC89” compound agent could significantly promote the growth of sugarcane seedlings, compared with F1, F2 fertilization formula and endophytic agent could significantly improve agronomic traits, photosynthetic and physiological indexes of sugarcane seedlings, and F2 treatment could significantly increase stem diameter, fresh dry weight, +1 leaf area, root activity, photosynthetic index, soluble protein and soluble sugar content, and glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase (GS and GOGAT) activities of sugarcane plants. F2“B9+YC89” treatment had the most significant effects on +1 leaf length, +1 leaf area, number of main stem leaves, dry weight, root activity, photosynthesis, soluble matter content and two enzyme activities. In summary, in sugarcane production, the use of “B9+YC89” compound microbial agent soaking and germination can promote the germination of sugarcane seedlings. Under the condition of 50% conventional chemical fertilizer, potassium fulvic acid further promoted the seedling growth of Yuncane 08-1609 compared with conventional chemical fertilizer treatment, and the combined application of potassium fulvic acid and “B9+YC89” compound microbial agent could effectively promote the seedling growth of Yuncane 08-1609. The study are conducive to promoting the development of weight loss and efficiency increase in sugarcane industry, and provide ideas for new cultivation and planting technologies.

sugarcane  /  potassium fulvic-acid  /  endophytic agent  /  chemical fertilizer  /  growth-promoting effect  /  interaction
刘涵, 谢林艳, 狄义宁, 曹莉斯, 李富生, 刘鲁峰. 减施化肥条件下复合内生菌剂与黄腐酸钾配施对甘蔗生长的影响. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (3) : 662 -674 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.03.014
Han LIU, Linyan XIE, Yining DI, Lisi CAO, Fusheng LI, Lufeng LIU. Effect of Combined Application of Compound Endophytic Agent and Potassium Fulvic Acid on Sugarcane Growth under Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Application[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (3) : 662 -674 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.03.014
甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum L.)在热带、亚热带110多个国家和地区均有种植,贡献了糖生产量的85%以上[1]。我国是世界第三大甘蔗生产国[2],云南省为我国第二大甘蔗种植区,产业倍受当地政府关注,然而,云南甘蔗大部分为旱坡地种植,旱情、冷害等农业气象灾害会导致苗弱苗黄甚至大量死苗,严重影响甘蔗产量[3]。甘蔗生育期长,生物量大,养分需用量大,化肥能显著提高产量,但常规化肥利用率低,过量施用会导致大量盈余养分残留在土壤或释放到大气中,严重威胁生态环境[4-5]。因此,我国甘蔗产业迫切需要研究一系列新型栽培技术,通过施用有机肥,利用内生菌减少常规化肥施用量,提高蔗苗抗逆性,促进甘蔗生长,从而实现减肥增产,推动产业可持续发展。
农田生态系统的高产、稳产、高效、环境友好是国家粮食安全与可持续发展的关键,可持续农业的重要目标之一是用有机肥代替化肥,有机肥作为化肥的低成本且安全的替代品,不仅含有作物生长发育的必需营养物质,还能够改善土壤条件,促进植物生长,提高产量[6]。甘蔗是典型的喜钾作物,由蔗渣蔗叶等产业废弃物经生化反应制得的腐殖酸类有机肥黄腐酸钾,因其含有丰富的优良生物活性物质,能够增强植株体内酶活,参与调节代谢,促进作物吸收和养分转化[7-8],不仅能为甘蔗提供生长发育所必须的钾元素,还能促进微量元素吸收及转化、提高抗逆性[9]、增强土壤养分有效性[10],在提高甘蔗产量和品质上作用显著,但在减少常规化肥施用量的条件下,黄腐酸钾施用对甘蔗生长影响的相关研究较为欠缺。
相关研究表明,农业生态系统中的微生物与植物间存在积极的相互作用,合理利用微生物能有效提高植物应对农业气象灾害的能力[11]。生物菌肥是一种以微生物为基础的肥料,促生长内生菌是生物菌肥中特殊的一类有益微生物[12-13],具有溶磷、解钾、固氮、产生植物激素、分泌有机酸等能力。前人研究表明,促生长内生菌对作物的促生效应主要表现在增加株高、株茎、主茎叶片数,促进根系构建,提高光合效率,调节叶片可溶性物质含量和酶活性等[14-20]。近年来,甘蔗内生菌的深入研究[21],为甘蔗复合菌肥提供了丰富的菌种资源,枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)B9,具有固氮、溶磷、解钾、产吲哚乙酸(IAA)的能力[16];贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)YC89[22]能够促进甘蔗生长并有效抑制多种病原菌。同为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的FZB42菌是用于促进植物生长和生物防治的革兰氏阳性模型菌株[23],但迄今为止,该菌株在促进甘蔗生长的相关研究还不多。目前,甘蔗内生菌的研究主要为单一菌株,含有多种内生菌株的复合菌剂对甘蔗萌发及苗期生长方面的研究还较少,内生菌剂与黄腐酸钾组合施用方面的研究也不多。
有机菌肥替代部分化肥施用,能够利用微生物加速无机肥分解,提高养分吸收利用率[24],同时较常规化肥具有促进植物生长发育、增强抗逆性、提质增产等作用[25-27]。因此,研究有机肥和内生菌对甘蔗萌芽及苗期生长的影响是目前解决云南蔗区产业发展掣肘最为绿色高效的措施。但复合菌剂与单一菌剂,不同内生菌剂与黄腐酸钾替代部分常规化肥施用对甘蔗萌发及苗期生长的影响必然存在差异。因此,本研究首先通过浸种催芽试验,明确复合菌剂对甘蔗萌发的影响;然后采用裂区试验设计进行盆栽试验,以不同施肥方案为主区,内生菌剂处理为副区,以不施肥和内生菌剂为对照,分析不同处理对甘蔗苗期主要农艺性状、光合参数、叶片可溶物含量及酶活性等指标的影响,研究黄腐酸钾、复合菌剂对甘蔗苗期的促生效应,确定黄腐酸钾与内生菌剂配施对甘蔗苗期促生效果最优的组合,以期为后续复合菌剂开发和减肥增效的有机复合菌肥研究提供科学依据。
云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所选育出的甘蔗品种云蔗08-1609。
单一内生菌剂:B9、YC89、FZB42;复合内生菌剂:B9+YC89、B9+FZB42,B9、YC89由云南农业大学甘蔗研究所提供;FZB42由云南农业大学何月秋教授惠赠。B9、YC89、FZB42菌剂为菌株浓度1.0×106 CFU/mL的B9、YC89、FZB42菌株悬浮液;B9+YC89、B9+FZB42分别为等体积菌株浓度1.0×106 CFU/mL的B9、YC89菌株及B9、FZB42菌株悬浮液混合所得的复合菌液。
(1)F1:常规施化肥,N 228 kg/hm2、P2O5 117 kg/hm2、K2O 281 kg/hm2,参照周一帆等[28]的云南产区推荐施肥量;(2)F2:50%常规施化肥量+黄腐酸钾600 kg/hm2,黄腐酸钾施用量参考樊仙等[29]的推荐施用量。试验采用传统化肥尿素(N 46%),磷、钾肥为过磷酸钙(P2O5 12%)和硫酸钾(K2O 50%),黄腐酸钾由云南紫辰集团生物科技有限公司提供,生物源黄腐酸含量为54.3%,有机质含量为76%,腐殖酸含量为44.3%,全钾含量为14.0%,pH 6.4(1∶100倍稀释)。
选择生长良好无病虫害的蔗茎,经2%石灰水浸泡1 d进行表面灭菌,清水完全冲洗附着在表面的石灰后,选择同位芽切分成单芽茎段,芽眼向上整齐摆放于催芽盘(50 cm×35 cm×4.8 cm)中,于室温32 ℃进行浸种催芽。内生菌剂处理用浓度1.0×106 CFU/mL的B9、YC89、FZB42、B9+YC89、B9+FZB42菌剂进行浸种催芽;用同体积无菌清水(Q)作为对照,根据所需种苗数,每组设置重复数大于20。7 d后观察和测定甘蔗种苗的芽长、根数与根长。
(1)甘蔗幼苗移栽。甘蔗浸种催芽1周后,将蔗苗移入育苗盆(30 cm×30 cm)进行盆栽培养,移栽时,各施肥处理肥料一次性拌入基质土中,每盆基质土的质量为5 kg。甘蔗盆栽试验于2023年4—9月,在云南农业大学甘蔗研究所大棚(25°8ʹN,102°45ʹE,海拔1970 m)中进行。采用裂区试验设计,施肥配方为主区,内生菌剂处理类型为副区,设置2种施肥(F1、F2)和6种内生菌剂处理(Q、B9、YC89、FZB42、B9+YC89、B9+FZB42),设置一个不施肥不施内生菌剂的处理为CK,共13个处理。各处理9次重复,每盆栽1株甘蔗种苗,共计117盆,117株苗。
(2)菌剂制备。供试菌剂原始菌株B9、YC89、FZB42接种于LB液体培养基中并放入适宜温度,160 r/min摇床下进行扩繁培养,3 d后待培养液浑浊,将发酵液移至离心管,在12 000 r/min,4 ℃条件下离心5 min后,用无菌水重悬,然后再度离心。重复3次操作充分除去培养基残留成分。采用无菌水重悬,所得悬浮液通过稀释涂布平板法测定悬浮液中的菌株浓度后,加入无菌水将菌体浓度稀释为109 CFU/mL,后放入4 ℃冰箱备用。
(3)菌剂施用及盆栽日常管理。每10 d,采用灌根法施用菌剂(每次施用量为1 L,保证菌株浓度与浸种处理浓度一致),共接种3次,对照组同时采用同体积清水浇施替代。试验期间管理措施和常规甘蔗栽培措施一致,棚内空气湿度保持在50%~60%,温度维持在20~30 ℃。移栽60 d后,观察甘蔗苗长势差异,测量甘蔗农艺性状及生理指标(测定生理指标的取材部位,除测定可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白采用+2叶,其余均采用+1叶,即甘蔗顶端的第一片完全展开的叶片)。
将甘蔗于盆中完整取出清水冲洗后,用吸水纸擦拭植株表面以除去多余水分及土粒,至苗株表面无明显水分后用剪刀去除种茎,采用电子天平称量记录为鲜质量;将地下部分与地上部分分离,采用烘干法测定干质量,于105 ℃下杀青后,65 ℃下烘干24 h,采用电子天平称量,记录为地上/地下部分干质量。测量苗长、茎粗、主茎叶片数、+1叶叶片长、+1叶叶面积:采用钢卷尺测量甘蔗苗株,基部至最上部展开叶片的叶尖的距离为苗长(植株全长);采用游标卡尺测量蔗株具有一定长度的茎秆的直径为茎粗;+1叶枕至叶片顶部的距离为+1叶叶长;叶片计数时,叶枕可见但未完全展开叶片计为0.5;+1叶面积采用便携式叶面积仪测量。
在晴天上午9:30—11:30,采用LI-6400XT便携式光合测定仪(Li-COR,美国)测定处理组与对照组主要光合参数净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)及蒸腾速率(Tr);根系活力按照氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)[30]方法测定;可溶性蛋白(SP)、可溶性糖(SS)含量参照高俊凤等[31]的测定方法,SS含量采用蒽铜比色法测定,SP含量采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法测定;谷氨酰胺合成酶(Glutamine synthetase,GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(Glutamate synthase,GOGAT)活力采用GS、GOGAT试剂盒测定;测定生理指标检测试剂盒均采购于云南表达科技有限公司。
采用Microsoft Excel 2016和SPSS 26.0软件进行数据统计与分析。采用双因素方差分析(Two-way ANOVA)确定施用黄腐酸钾和内生菌剂在常规化肥施用量减少条件下对甘蔗生长的作用及其交互作用,采用LSD(Least-Significant Difference)最小显著性差异法进行显著性分析,用Microsoft Excel 2016软件制图,数据结果以重复的平均值±标准偏差(SD)表示。
不同内生菌剂处理后,除B9+FZB42菌剂处理外,其余各菌剂处理的芽长、根长及根数均显著高于清水浸种,且促进效果各有差异(表1)。其中,以复合菌剂B9+YC89处理表现效果最佳,与清水浸种相比,芽长增长116.0%,根长增长300.0%,根数增加62.4%;与表现最佳的单菌剂YC89浸种处理相比,芽长增长16.2%,根长增长21.4%,根数增加12.1%。各菌剂对云蔗08-1609种苗芽长、根长、根数生长发育影响情况不一致,对根长的影响大于对根数和芽长的影响。
黄腐酸钾和内生菌剂施用对云蔗08-1609甘蔗农艺性状有显著影响(P<0.05)。F2 Q处理的鲜/干质量显著高于F1 Q和CK,F1 Q处理显著高于CK(表2),F2 Q较F1 Q处理鲜质量、地上部分干质量、地下部分干质量分别提高5.6%、12.6%、13.5%。B9+YC89复合菌剂较Q处理对鲜质量、地上/地下部分干质量促进效果最佳,F1 B9+YC89较F1 Q处理分别提高15.8%、58.3%、94.4%,F2 B9+YC89较F2 Q处理分别提高17.1%、74.6%、131.8%;单菌剂处理中,YC89较Q处理对鲜质量、地上/地下部分干质量促进效果最佳,F1 YC89较F1 Q处理分别提高13.4%、62.7%、73.2%,F2 YC89较F2 Q处理分别提高5.6%、59.8%、106.1%。
表3可知,F2 Q、F1 Q处理的苗长、+1叶长、+1叶面积差异不显著,但显著高于CK;F2 Q、F1 Q、CK处理的叶片数差异不显著;F2 Q处理的茎粗显著高于F1 Q、CK处理,同时,F1 Q处理的茎粗显著高于CK,F2 Q较F1 Q处理茎粗提高8.4%。F1 B9+YC89较F1 Q处理的苗长、茎粗、主茎叶片数、+1叶长、+1叶面积分别提高4.56%、13.1%、7.9%、5.31%、55.8%,F1 YC89较F1 Q处理苗长、茎粗、+1叶面积分别提高2.80%、10.9%、48.9%;F2 B9+YC89各农艺性状较F2 Q处理分别增加6.93%、13.1%、9.23%、8.00%、51.7%,F2 YC89处理茎粗、主茎叶片数、+1叶面积较F2 Q处理分别提高12.1%、7.76%、44.1%(表3)。
F2 B9+YC89和F2 YC89处理的苗长显著高于CK、F1 Q、F1 B9、F1 YC89、F1 FZB42、F1 B9+FZB42、F2 Q、F2 FZB42、F2 B9+FZB42处理,F2 B9+YC89和F2 YC89处理的茎粗显著高于其余11个处理,F2 B9+YC89处理的+1叶面积最大,显著高于其他施肥施菌剂处理;F2 B9+YC89处理的鲜/干质量最大,显著高于除F2 YC89的其余各11个处理,F2 YC89、F2 B9+YC89处理间差异不显著(表2表3)。方差分析结果表明,对苗长和鲜/干质量而言,黄腐酸钾和内生菌剂间交互作用极显著,对于除苗长和鲜/干质量外的其余各农艺性状交互作用均不显著。总体来看,F2 B9+YC89处理对农艺促进效果最佳,其次为F2 YC89处理。
F2施肥处理能够提高云蔗08-1609的根系活力(图1),F2 Q处理的根系活力显著高于F1 Q和CK,F1 Q处理显著高于CK,F2 Q较F1 Q处理根系活力提高38.6%。不同内生菌剂处理间根系活力差异显著,其中,复合菌剂B9+YC89较Q处理对根系活力的促进效果最佳,F1 B9+YC89较F1 Q处理的根系活力提高90.2%,F2 B9+YC89较F2 Q处理的根系活力提高85.7%;单菌剂处理中,YC89表现最佳,F1 YC89较F1 Q处理提高55.1%,F2 YC89较F2 Q处理提高49.8%。
方差分析结果表明,黄腐酸钾与内生菌剂处理对根系活力的促进存在极显著交互作用。施用黄腐酸钾,同时施用合适的内生菌剂有利于在减少传统施肥50%的条件下,提高甘蔗苗期根系活力,进而促进根系构建,有利于促进蔗苗生长,其中以F2 B9+YC89对增加云蔗08-1609根系活力效果最佳。
F2施肥处理能够增强叶片光合作用(图2),叶片的PnGsCiTr均表现为F2 Q处理显著高于F1 Q和CK处理,F1 Q处理显著高于CK,F2 Q处理较F1 Q处理的PnGsCiTr分别提高12.0%、11.1%、32.9%、8.9%。内生菌剂对叶片光合作用有显著影响,F1、F2处理下,各内生菌剂处理间均差异显著。F1处理下,F1 B9+YC89菌剂处理对叶片光合作用的促进效果最佳,较F1 Q处理的PnGsCiTr分别提高34.7%、31.1%、87%、60.9%;单菌剂处理中,YC89表现最佳,F1 YC89较F1 Q处理分别提高30.1%、24.2%、78.6%、55.6%;F2处理下,F2 B9+YC89菌剂处理对叶片光合作用的促进效果最佳,较F2 Q处理的PnGsCiTr分别提高37.1%、50%、87.5%、102.2%;单菌剂处理中,YC89表现最佳,F2 YC89较F2 Q处理分别提高31%、38%、76.2%、89.2%。
方差分析结果表明,黄腐酸钾与内生菌剂处理对叶片光合作用的促进存在极显著交互作用,黄腐酸钾与内生菌剂共同施用有利于在减少传统施肥50%的条件下,增强叶片光合作用,其中以F2 B9+YC89处理对云蔗08-1609蔗苗叶片光合作用的促进效果最佳。
F2施肥处理能提高叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量(图3图4),可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均表现为F2 Q处理显著高于F1 Q和CK处理,F1 Q处理显著高于CK,F2 Q较F1 Q处理的可溶性蛋白含量增加18.9%,可溶性糖含量增加5.0%。F1、F2施肥条件下,不同内生菌剂处理间的可溶性蛋白含量差异显著,其中B9+YC89对叶片可溶性蛋白含量促进效果最佳,F1 B9+YC89较F1 Q处理提高97%,F2 B9+YC89较F2 Q处理提高96.3%;单菌剂处理中,B9表现最佳,F1 B9较F1 Q处理提高61.9%,F2 B9较F2 Q处理提高50.7%。2种施肥处理下,不同内生菌剂处理间的可溶性糖含量差异显著,其中B9+YC89对可溶性糖含量促进效果最佳,F1 B9+YC89较F1 Q处理提高57.8%,F2 B9+YC89较F2 Q处理提高75.4%;单菌剂处理中,B9表现最佳,F1 B9较F1 Q处理提高39.5%,F2 B9较F2 Q处理提高54.4%。
方差分析结果表明,黄腐酸钾和内生菌剂对于促进可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量存在极显著的交互作用,内生菌剂处理对2种可溶性物质含量的促进效果大于黄腐酸钾处理。黄腐酸钾和内生菌剂共同施用有利于在减少传统施肥50%的条件下,提高蔗苗叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量,从而增强蔗苗抗逆性,有利于蔗苗生长发育。总体来看,F2 B9+YC89处理对叶片可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量促进效果最佳,F2 B9处理次之。
图5图6可以看出,各处理对云蔗08-1609叶片中的谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性均表现出不同程度的促进作用。F2处理能提高GOGAT、GS活性,GS和GOGAT活性均表现为F2 Q处理显著高于F1 Q和CK处理,F1 Q处理显著高于CK,F2 Q较F1 Q处理的GS活性提高11.1%,GOGAT活性提高5.8%。F1处理下,F1 B9+YC89菌剂处理较F1 Q处理的GOGAT、GS分别提高30.7%、68.5%,单菌剂处理中,YC89表现最佳,F1 YC89处理较F1 Q的GOGAT、GS分别提高22.2%、49.5%;F2处理下,F2 B9+YC89菌剂处理较F2 Q处理的GOGAT、GS分别提高40%、73.1%,单菌剂处理中,YC89表现最佳,F2 YC89处理较F2 Q处理的GOGAT、GS分别提高35.8%、61.4%。
方差分析结果表明,黄腐酸钾和内生菌剂施用对GS的促进效应更强,二者对于增强GS和GOGAT活性存在极显著交互作用,其中,以F2 B9+YC89处理促进云蔗08-1609叶片中GS和GOGAT的活性效果最佳,其次为F2 YC89处理。
内生细菌能够定殖于宿主植物的组织内部,促进植物生长发育,提高植物抗逆性,使用内生细菌作为生物肥料的趋势越来越明显[32]。前人研究表明,内生菌处理能够显著增强水稻秧苗的根系活力[33];采用内生固氮菌浸种能有效提高多枝柽柳根系活力及株高[34];接种特基拉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus tequilensis)HS10对花生株高、鲜质量和干质量与对照相比分别增加23.0%、76.2%和23.0%[35];接种菌剂B9后,叶片光合作用有一定程度的提升,但在各甘蔗品种中表现不一致[36]。与前人研究结果相似,本试验研究表明,施用甘蔗内生细菌B9、YC89以及模式菌株FZB42菌剂对云蔗08-1609甘蔗种苗萌发和苗期生长促生效果显著,这是由于植物与内生菌在长期协同进化过程中,形成共生互惠的关系,内生菌通过溶磷、固氮、解钾和铁螯合等作用,活化土壤养分,分泌胞外多糖来促进植物根系生长,调节植物体酶的浓度及活性,从而影响植物叶片的光合作用[37-39]。与前人研究结果的不同之处在于,本研究进一步发现,B9+YC89复合菌剂对甘蔗种苗萌发的促进效果最佳,对于甘蔗苗期农艺性状、光合作用、叶片可溶性物质含量及GS、GOGAT活性的促生效应最强。这可能是由于微生物群相关的细菌间存在共生、竞争及捕食的相互作用,共生相互作用涉及营养物质、酶和遗传物质的交换[40],相关研究表明,细菌能够通过共生关系来确保它们的集体代谢活动并保持其与其他微生物的竞争力[41]。B9和YC89两种内生细菌均来源于甘蔗,二者间可能产生了协同作用,进一步促进了生长激素IAA等促生物质的产生,IAA能够促进植物组织的生长、促进组织及器官分化等[42],通过促进根系发育,进而强化了植株对水分和矿质营养元素的吸收利用[43]。然而,对于B9与YC89两种甘蔗内生菌间相互作用的具体机制还有待进一步研究。
有机肥是一种动植物残体(如蔗叶蔗渣)、人畜粪便等通过微生物分解发酵所得的有机肥料,含有大量有益物质及丰富的微量元素,不仅能够为甘蔗生长提供较为全面的营养,而且肥效长,可以增加和更新土壤有机质,促进微生物繁殖,改善土壤的理化性质和生物活性[44]。黄腐酸钾是一种有机肥,前人研究表明,黄腐酸钾能缓解干旱低温胁迫对西葫芦幼苗生长的抑制作用,叶面积、鲜质量及干质量分别增加13.89%、16.2%和17.43%[45];基肥减施40%条件下,随黄腐酸钾施用量增加,羊角椒植株形态指标逐渐提升甚至超过常规施肥处理[46];化肥施用量减少25%时,施用黄腐酸钾能改善植物营养,增强光合参数和生长特性,并增加玉米的生物量[47]。与前人研究结果相似,本研究发现,常规施化肥量减少50%情况下,黄腐酸钾施用对甘蔗农艺性状、光合作用、可溶性物质含量及GS、GOGAT活性较传统施肥处理均有不同程度的促进作用。黄腐酸是黄腐酸钾中,分子量最小,活性最高的一类物质,相关研究发现,黄腐酸能提升植株体内酶活、参与调节代谢,促进作物吸收和转化养分,抑制分解叶绿素的酶活性,维持较高的叶绿素含量,显著提高植株光合作用[48],因此,在减少常规化肥施用量条件下,黄腐酸钾施用能够有效维持甚至促进甘蔗生长
此外,本研究表明,黄腐酸钾与内生菌剂对甘蔗苗期苗长、茎粗、根系活力、鲜干质量及光合作用的促进具有交互影响,可能是因为黄腐酸钾与内生菌剂之间,在促进甘蔗苗期生长发育的过程中产生了某种协同作用,也有可能是黄腐酸钾施用影响了甘蔗根际微生态系统,从而增强了内生菌剂的促生效应。相关研究发现,黄腐酸钾能够调节根际微生物群落、渗透物质和酶活性,从而缓解植物所面对的非生物胁迫[49],添加黄腐酸钾和腐植酸钾,能显著增加土壤pH和养分含量,使微生物群落的结构发生根本性变化[50],腐殖酸和植物促生长细菌PGPB共同施用,能够增加玉米的地上部生物量及根干质量,促进玉米生长[51]。黄腐酸钾与内生菌协同提升了甘蔗叶片细胞的合成能力,从而提高可溶性蛋白、甘蔗可溶性糖含量,进而提高甘蔗植株抗逆性[20];同时,氮代谢关键酶GS和GOGAT活性的提高,增强了甘蔗的产量潜力[52-54]。此外,土壤中细菌群落丰富,黄腐酸钾增大土壤的孔隙度,加快了细菌群落的繁殖速度,为富集根际有益微生物创造了条件,而施用内生菌剂(组合)能促进植株根系发育,提高肥料的利用率,并能促进根系分泌物产生,从而富集根际细菌,在促进甘蔗生长发育的同时,有效增强其抗病性[55-57]。但黄腐酸钾与内生菌的协同作用,以及二者对甘蔗根际微生态的具体影响和相关机制还有待进一步研究,
本研究结果表明,相较于采用传统的清水浸种而言,内生菌剂浸种能有效促进甘蔗种苗生根发芽,其中,采用B9+YC89复合菌剂浸种催芽效果最佳,较清水浸种种芽长、根长及根数分别提高116%、300%和62.4%,因此,在甘蔗生产中,推荐采用B9+YC89复合菌剂浸种催芽,更有利于甘蔗种苗早发。
常规化肥推荐施用量减少50%情况下,施用黄腐酸钾相较常规施用化肥能够显著提高甘蔗苗期茎粗、+1叶面积、生物量、根系活力、光合参数、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量及酶(GOGAT、GS)活性,说明施用黄腐酸钾有利于甘蔗产业减少常规化肥施用并有效促进甘蔗苗期生长。在减少50%常规化肥施用量的条件下,B9+YC89复合菌剂配合黄腐酸钾施用对云蔗08-1609甘蔗苗期促生效果最佳,为甘蔗产业生物有机肥的生产提供了新的思路,即通过向黄腐酸钾中添加已被分离并进行过深入研究的一种或多种甘蔗促生内生菌制成生物有机肥,该思路充分体现了“取之于蔗,用之于蔗”,在减少常规化肥施用的同时有利于甘蔗苗期早发快生、健壮苗势,从而增强蔗苗抗逆性,提高苗期存活率,为后期产量形成奠定坚实基础,推动了甘蔗产业减肥增效发展。
  • 云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090021)
  • 云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0286)
  • 云南省现代农业甘蔗产业技术体系建设专项(2023—2024年)
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2025年第46卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.03.014
  • 接收时间:2024-09-10
  • 首发时间:2026-06-25
  • 出版时间:2025-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-10
  • 录用日期:2024-11-04
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云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090021)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0286)
云南省现代农业甘蔗产业技术体系建设专项(2023—2024年)
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    1.云南农业大学,云南昆明 650201
    2.云南省作物生产与智慧农业重点实验室,云南昆明 650201

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* 刘鲁峰(LIU Lufeng),E-mail:
李富生(LI Fusheng),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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