Article(id=1276616079346627084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276616049617408127, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.08.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741276800000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1744819200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-17, onlineDate=1782298591695, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782298591695, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782298591695, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782298591695, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276616049617408127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='8', pageStart='1785', pageEnd='2029', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1756051200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782298584608, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782298660748, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276616369089147039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276616049617408127, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276616369089147040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276616049617408127, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1895, endPage=1902, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276616081301172750, articleId=1276616079346627084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Correlation Analysis of Drought Resistance and Morphological and Biochemical Indexes of Pepper at Seedling Stage, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

It was aimed to screen drought-resistant pepper varieties and clarify the correlation between drought resistance at the seedling stage and key morphological and biochemical indicators. Eight pepper inbred lines were selected for the study. The experiment adopted a pot-based natural drought treatment method, and the drought resistance of the lines was ranked using the membership function value analysis method. The order of drought resistance was as follows:4-1>163-2 UP>112 D>10-2 UP>134 UP>34>158 D>115 D. Through correlation analysis between drought resistance at the seedling stage and key morphological and biochemical indicators, it was found that the order of correlation between morphological indicators and seedling drought resistance was aboveground-to-underground area ratio>aboveground area>root system area>leaf area>main root length, aboveground to-underground area ratio showed a significant negative correlation with drought resistance at the seedling stage, with a correlation coefficient of -0.625. The order of correlation between biochemical indicators and seedling drought resistance was peroxidase (POD)>proline (PRO)> malondialdehyde (MDA)>superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase and proline exhibit significant correlations with drought resistance at the seedling stage, with correlation coefficients of 0.675 and -0.638, respectively. The results would lay a foundation for gradually improving the establishment of a drought resistance screening system for peppers and further enable the large-scale screening of resistant pepper varieties using phenomics, and provide new insights for breeding drought-resistant pepper varieties and hold significant importance for promoting the sustainable development of the pepper industry.

, authors=null, authorsList=Zimin XIAO, Yifeng PENG, Xiaoyuan WU, Feng LIU, Wenchao CHEN, Xuexiao ZOU, Weiguang YANG, Fang YUAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Weiguang YANG, Fang YUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276616082483966488, articleId=1276616079346627084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=辣椒苗期抗旱性与形态学及生化指标的相关性分析, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为筛选抗旱辣椒品种,明确辣椒苗期抗旱性与苗期主要形态及生化指标的相关性,本研究选取8个辣椒自交系开展苗期干旱试验。试验采取盆栽自然干旱处理的方式,并利用隶属函数值分析法对8个辣椒自交系的抗旱性进行排序,抗旱性顺序为4-1>163-2 UP>112 D>10-2 UP>134 UP>34>158 D>115 D。通过辣椒苗期抗旱性与苗期主要形态及生化指标的相关性分析发现,形态学指标与苗期抗旱性的相关性顺序为地上地下面积的比值>地上面积>根系面积>叶面积>主根长,且地上地下面积的比值与苗期抗旱性呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.625;生化指标与苗期抗旱性的相关性顺序为:过氧化物酶(POD)>脯氨酸(PRO)>丙二醛(MDA)>超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),其中过氧化物酶、脯氨酸与苗期抗旱性呈显著相关,相关系数分别为0.675、-0.638。研究结果为逐步完善辣椒抗旱筛选体系的建立和进一步实现利用表型组大规模筛选辣椒抗性品种提供理论基础,为辣椒抗旱品种的选育提供新思路,对于推动辣椒产业的可持续发展具有重要意义。

, authors=

肖自敏(2000—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:辣椒逆境生理。

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* 杨伟光(YANG Weiguang),E-mail:
远方(YUAN Fang),E-mail:
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肖自敏(2000—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:辣椒逆境生理。

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肖自敏(2000—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:辣椒逆境生理。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Physiological responses to drought stress in leaves and roots of 10 table grape varieties, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276616110703243940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=80, pageEnd=86, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=45, authorNames=李林瑜, 方紫妍, 艾克拜尔·毛拉, 周龙, 陆彪, journalName=北方园艺, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李林瑜, 方紫妍, 艾克拜尔·毛拉, 周龙, 陆彪. 自然干旱胁迫对两种小檗幼苗生长和生理生化指标的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2020(4): 80-86., articleTitle=自然干旱胁迫对两种小檗幼苗生长和生理生化指标的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276616110778741413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=80, pageEnd=86, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=46, authorNames=LI L Y, FANG Z Y, MAOLA A, ZHOU L, LU B, journalName=Northern Horticulture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI L Y, FANG Z Y, MAOLA A, ZHOU L, LU B. Effects of natural drought stress on growth, physiological and biochemical indexes of black fruit and red fruit Berberis seedlings[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2020(4): 80-86. 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Morphological phenotype of chili peppers under hydration and rehydration, figureFileSmall=86hlPuKCFDBazC1pkvvrww==, figureFileBig=pkM11tSrWc08hf6Rs5RKkw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616103858139749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=CN, label=图2, caption=辣椒干旱处理及复水后形态学表型, figureFileSmall=86hlPuKCFDBazC1pkvvrww==, figureFileBig=pkM11tSrWc08hf6Rs5RKkw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616103942025830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Comparison of leaf-stem angles of pepper before and after dehydration, figureFileSmall=c5C8uE8K0x1CKFDazHMM6w==, figureFileBig=8uw+z+a/WlhKr6qePeMTAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616104281764455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=CN, label=图3, caption=辣椒干旱处理前后叶片与茎秆夹角对比

A:叶夹角的测量方式,左边红色部分为干旱处理前叶片与茎秆夹角,右边红色部分为干旱第11天叶片与茎秆夹角;B:辣椒干旱处理前和干旱处理后第11天叶片与茎秆夹角的差异。

, figureFileSmall=c5C8uE8K0x1CKFDazHMM6w==, figureFileBig=8uw+z+a/WlhKr6qePeMTAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616104353067624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Comparison of pepper leaf wilting before and after dehydration, figureFileSmall=98n7qIen2GRfXLdBbcE+iA==, figureFileBig=vwqkrEMTf2BHd1qyifFUeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616104428565097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=CN, label=图4, caption=辣椒干旱处理前后叶片失水萎蔫对比, figureFileSmall=98n7qIen2GRfXLdBbcE+iA==, figureFileBig=vwqkrEMTf2BHd1qyifFUeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616104491479658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Morphological parameters of chili peppers under well-watered

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自交系Inbred line叶面积Leaf area average/cm2地上面积Aboveground area/cm2根系面积Root area/cm2地上面积/地下面积Aboveground area/underground area主根长Taproot length/cm
4-16.09945.851441.150.669.21
163-2 UP9.401702.611894.070.9013.03
112 D16.462666.761505.311.775.86
10-2 UP9.232273.971746.691.306.96
134 UP12.532038.852046.651.009.65
346.58707.74492.341.4412.44
158 D4.743018.032142.541.415.53
115 D13.883552.211352.372.6310.20
), ArticleFig(id=1276616104571171435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

正常给水时供试辣椒形态学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自交系Inbred line叶面积Leaf area average/cm2地上面积Aboveground area/cm2根系面积Root area/cm2地上面积/地下面积Aboveground area/underground area主根长Taproot length/cm
4-16.09945.851441.150.669.21
163-2 UP9.401702.611894.070.9013.03
112 D16.462666.761505.311.775.86
10-2 UP9.232273.971746.691.306.96
134 UP12.532038.852046.651.009.65
346.58707.74492.341.4412.44
158 D4.743018.032142.541.415.53
115 D13.883552.211352.372.6310.20
), ArticleFig(id=1276616104642474604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Membership function values of comprehensive drought resistance indices for tested chilli peppers

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自交系Inbred line隶属函数值Membership function value
叶面积比值Ratio of leaf area叶片夹角比值Ratio of leaf angle相对含水量RWC复水存活率Rehydration survival rate均值Average
4-10.900.971.001.000.97
163-2 UP1.001.000.831.000.96
112 D0.990.790.551.000.83
10-2 UP0.810.810.800.800.81
134 UP0.420.470.640.000.38
340.200.370.270.000.21
158 D0.150.340.110.000.15
115 D0.000.000.000.000.00
), ArticleFig(id=1276616104713777773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

辣椒抗旱性综合指标隶属函数值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自交系Inbred line隶属函数值Membership function value
叶面积比值Ratio of leaf area叶片夹角比值Ratio of leaf angle相对含水量RWC复水存活率Rehydration survival rate均值Average
4-10.900.971.001.000.97
163-2 UP1.001.000.831.000.96
112 D0.990.790.551.000.83
10-2 UP0.810.810.800.800.81
134 UP0.420.470.640.000.38
340.200.370.270.000.21
158 D0.150.340.110.000.15
115 D0.000.000.000.000.00
), ArticleFig(id=1276616104789275247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Correlation of average of membership function value and main morphology and biochemistry indicators

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Index抗旱性隶属函数均值Average of membership function value
地上/地下-0.625*
地上面积-0.411
根面积0.198
叶平均面积0.040
主根长-0.031
POD0.675*
PRO-0.638*
MDA-0.314
SOD0.243
), ArticleFig(id=1276616104877355632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616079346627084, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

抗旱性隶属函数均值与主要形态指标和生化指标的相关性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Index抗旱性隶属函数均值Average of membership function value
地上/地下-0.625*
地上面积-0.411
根面积0.198
叶平均面积0.040
主根长-0.031
POD0.675*
PRO-0.638*
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辣椒苗期抗旱性与形态学及生化指标的相关性分析
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肖自敏 1, 2 , 彭一峰 1, 2 , 武晓元 1, 2 , 刘峰 1, 2 , 陈文超 3 , 邹学校 1, 2 , 杨伟光 1, 2, * , 远方 1, 2, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2025,46(8): 1895-1902
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2025 , 46 (8) : 1895 -1902
辣椒苗期抗旱性与形态学及生化指标的相关性分析
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肖自敏1, 2, 彭一峰1, 2, 武晓元1, 2, 刘峰1, 2, 陈文超3, 邹学校1, 2, 杨伟光1, 2, * , 远方1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙 410000
  • 2.岳麓山实验室,湖南长沙 410128
  • 3.湖南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,湖南长沙 410125
通讯作者:
* 杨伟光(YANG Weiguang),E-mail:
远方(YUAN Fang),E-mail:
Correlation Analysis of Drought Resistance and Morphological and Biochemical Indexes of Pepper at Seedling Stage
Zimin XIAO1, 2, Yifeng PENG1, 2, Xiaoyuan WU1, 2, Feng LIU1, 2, Wenchao CHEN3, Xuexiao ZOU1, 2, Weiguang YANG1, 2, * , Fang YUAN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
  • 2.Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
  • 3.Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.08.012
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为筛选抗旱辣椒品种,明确辣椒苗期抗旱性与苗期主要形态及生化指标的相关性,本研究选取8个辣椒自交系开展苗期干旱试验。试验采取盆栽自然干旱处理的方式,并利用隶属函数值分析法对8个辣椒自交系的抗旱性进行排序,抗旱性顺序为4-1>163-2 UP>112 D>10-2 UP>134 UP>34>158 D>115 D。通过辣椒苗期抗旱性与苗期主要形态及生化指标的相关性分析发现,形态学指标与苗期抗旱性的相关性顺序为地上地下面积的比值>地上面积>根系面积>叶面积>主根长,且地上地下面积的比值与苗期抗旱性呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.625;生化指标与苗期抗旱性的相关性顺序为:过氧化物酶(POD)>脯氨酸(PRO)>丙二醛(MDA)>超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),其中过氧化物酶、脯氨酸与苗期抗旱性呈显著相关,相关系数分别为0.675、-0.638。研究结果为逐步完善辣椒抗旱筛选体系的建立和进一步实现利用表型组大规模筛选辣椒抗性品种提供理论基础,为辣椒抗旱品种的选育提供新思路,对于推动辣椒产业的可持续发展具有重要意义。

辣椒  /  苗期  /  抗旱性  /  隶属函数法  /  相关性分析

It was aimed to screen drought-resistant pepper varieties and clarify the correlation between drought resistance at the seedling stage and key morphological and biochemical indicators. Eight pepper inbred lines were selected for the study. The experiment adopted a pot-based natural drought treatment method, and the drought resistance of the lines was ranked using the membership function value analysis method. The order of drought resistance was as follows:4-1>163-2 UP>112 D>10-2 UP>134 UP>34>158 D>115 D. Through correlation analysis between drought resistance at the seedling stage and key morphological and biochemical indicators, it was found that the order of correlation between morphological indicators and seedling drought resistance was aboveground-to-underground area ratio>aboveground area>root system area>leaf area>main root length, aboveground to-underground area ratio showed a significant negative correlation with drought resistance at the seedling stage, with a correlation coefficient of -0.625. The order of correlation between biochemical indicators and seedling drought resistance was peroxidase (POD)>proline (PRO)> malondialdehyde (MDA)>superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase and proline exhibit significant correlations with drought resistance at the seedling stage, with correlation coefficients of 0.675 and -0.638, respectively. The results would lay a foundation for gradually improving the establishment of a drought resistance screening system for peppers and further enable the large-scale screening of resistant pepper varieties using phenomics, and provide new insights for breeding drought-resistant pepper varieties and hold significant importance for promoting the sustainable development of the pepper industry.

pepper  /  seedling stage  /  drought resistance  /  membership function method  /  correlation analysis
肖自敏, 彭一峰, 武晓元, 刘峰, 陈文超, 邹学校, 杨伟光, 远方. 辣椒苗期抗旱性与形态学及生化指标的相关性分析. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1895 -1902 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.08.012
Zimin XIAO, Yifeng PENG, Xiaoyuan WU, Feng LIU, Wenchao CHEN, Xuexiao ZOU, Weiguang YANG, Fang YUAN. Correlation Analysis of Drought Resistance and Morphological and Biochemical Indexes of Pepper at Seedling Stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1895 -1902 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.08.012
气候变化通过多种途径影响农业生产力,主要包括全球气温上升、降水模式改变以及干旱频率增加等现象[1]。农业干旱是指因降水持续偏少、降雨频率降低或蒸发量异常偏高而导致的土壤水分亏缺现象,这些因素会共同抑制植物生长并降低作物产量[2-3],因此提高植物水分利用效率至关重要[4]。干旱抗性是植物适应水分胁迫的重要机制,也是培育抗旱作物的关键目标[5]。正因如此,深入研究干旱胁迫对植物形态和生理的影响,对选育抗旱品种具有重要意义。
辣椒起源于中南美洲,栽培历史悠久,遗传多样性丰富。其用途广泛,既可鲜食或加工成干辣椒,也可用于医药保健领域,甚至在军事和防护用品(如催泪弹、女性防身喷雾)中也有应用[6]。辣椒主根粗、须根密集,对土壤中的水分缺失极其敏感[7]。一旦遭遇干旱胁迫,辣椒的产量便会显著下降[8]。尽管辣椒传入中国仅有400多年[9],却在辛辣调味品中的消费量位居首位。抗性辣椒品种的开发为应对干旱胁迫和减少产量损失提供一种经济有效的方法。辣椒砧木的耐旱性筛选已得到证实[10-11],但辣椒种质的抗旱性评价和筛选体系仍然缺乏。
在不同的生长发育时期,植物抗逆能力也会有所不同[12],因此不能单一地依靠某个性状或指标来全面评估植物的抗逆能力,应采用多指标综合评定法来衡量植物的抗逆能力。例如,在农作物和园艺作物领域应用较广泛的主成分分析法[13-14],以及隶属函数综合评价法等[15-16]。刘冠求等[15]在研究中发现马铃薯早疫病病情指数与主茎数呈极显著正相关,而晚疫病病情指数与株高、茎粗等呈极显著负相关。赵薇等[17]发现干旱条件下可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量与苗期反复干旱存活率之间存在显著正相关。李啸云等[18]发现马铃薯中丙二醛含量的变化与抗旱系数呈显著负相关,而与单株产量、株高变化量和超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化量呈显著正相关。然而,在辣椒的抗旱性研究中,苗期抗旱性与苗期主要形态指标和生化指标的相关性鲜有报道。因此,本研究采用隶属函数综合评价法对8个辣椒自交系的苗期抗旱性进行评估和排序,并分析苗期抗旱性与主要形态指标及生化指标的相关性,以期为辣椒种质的抗性评价和筛选体系提供参考,同时为辣椒抗旱优良品种的选育提供科学依据。
8份辣椒自交系由湖南农业大学园艺学院邹学校和刘峰提供,分别为10-2 UP、4-1、34、112 D、115 D、134 UP、163-2 UP和158 D。
选择大小一致的种子,在55 ℃下水浴15 min,再置于湿润的滤纸上,放入恒温培养箱中黑暗条件下进行催芽,温度设置为26 ℃,催芽3~4 d后,将出芽一致的种子播种到黑色育苗盆(7 cm×7 cm×7 cm)中,确保每个盆中基质的质量保持一致。待辣椒幼苗生长到4~6片真叶时,从每个品种中选取5株长势一致的幼苗作为1组,进行3次重复试验。采用自然干旱的方法,统一浇透水后停止浇水。
测量每株幼苗处理前和干旱处理第11天后第3、4片真叶的叶面积平均值及叶片与茎杆的夹角,这2个指标通过Fiji软件获取,并计算处理前后的比值。同时,在干旱处理后第11天测量叶片相对含水量、脯氨酸(PRO)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量,测量方法参照文献[19]。然后取各指标测量值的平均值,并在干旱处理第14天进行复水,计算各自交系复水后的存活率。
参考《辣椒种质资源描述规范和数据标准》[20],采集8个辣椒自交系幼苗相应农艺性状,苗龄为4片真叶。采集过程主要分为两部分,第一部分是利用直尺和游标卡尺测量株高、茎粗2个数量性状,采用五点取样取平均值的方法。第二部分为相机拍照记录,首先将辣椒苗从穴盘内取出并用清水洗净根部,用吸水纸擦干根部水分后平铺至黑色背景板上,并拍照记录整株苗的状态,以便通过Fiji软件获取茎长、地上部面积和根系面积等指标,接着依次取下叶片按顺序排列,拍照记录叶片的状态,再利用软件获取叶长、叶宽及叶面积等指标。
采用隶属函数值法综合评价各自交系的抗旱性,计算公式如下:X(μ1)=(Xkj-Xjmin)/(Xjmax-Xjmin);X(μ2)=1-(Xkj-Xjmin)/(Xjmax-Xjmin)。式中,X(μ1)、X(μ2)分别指正相关指标和负相关指标的隶属函数值;Xkj表示k自交系的j指标的测定值;Xjmin表示各自交系j指标测量值的最小值;Xjmax表示各自交系j指标测量值的最大值。
将8个辣椒自交系在干旱处理下的隶属函数值求平均值,隶属函数平均值越大,表示其抗旱性越强。
利用Fiji、Microsoft Excel(2019)等软件将图片信息转化为标准化数据并进行初步处理。利用皮尔逊相关系数(Pearson correlation)进行相关性分析,利用SPASS 21.0软件进行数据统计和作图。
8份辣椒自交系苗期均拍摄照片(图1),每个自交系均记录整株形态及叶片形态,并利用Fiji软件,将图片信息数据化,采集各自交系苗期叶片面积、地上部面积、根系面积和主根长的数据(表1),由于拍摄过程中植株根系未完全展平,故此处的根系面积为相对面积。其中自交系158 D叶面积和主根长最小,分别为4.74 cm2、5.53 cm,自交系112 D叶面积最大,为16.46 cm2,自交系163-2 UP主根长最长,为13.03 cm;自交系34地上面积和根系面积最小,分别为707.74、492.34 cm2,而自交系115 D地上面积最大,为3552.21 cm2,自交系158 D根系面积最大,为2142.54 cm2。由此可见,8份辣椒自交系在形态上存在着较为明显的差别,在根系面积上表现的更为明显。
对8个辣椒自交系进行苗期干旱胁迫处理(图2),分别记录干旱处理前、干旱处理后第11天及干旱处理第14天后对各自交系进行复水的植株状态,其中自交系34、115 D、158 D在干旱处理后第11天严重萎蔫,自交系134 UP萎蔫较为明显,自交系112 D、10-2 UP轻度萎蔫,而自交系4-1及163-2 UP未出现萎蔫。8份辣椒自交系干旱处理前和干旱处理后第11天叶片与茎秆之间的夹角如图3所示,其中图3A为8份辣椒自交系叶片与茎秆之间的夹角,图3B为测量示意图。萎蔫前和干旱处理后第11天自交系叶片萎蔫情况如图4所示。分别计算各自交系干旱处理后第11天与干旱处理前叶片和茎秆夹角的比值、干旱处理后第11天与萎蔫前的叶片面积比值、干旱处理后第11天辣椒叶片的相对含水量、及两周干旱处理后的复水存活率这4个指标的隶属函数值,通过计算4个指标隶属函数值的均值对8个辣椒自交系的抗旱性能进行排名,相关数据见表2。最终结果显示,自交系4-1的抗旱性最好,隶属函数均值为0.97;自交系163-2 UP排名第2,隶属函数均值为0.96;自交系115 D的隶属函数均值为0.00,抗旱性最差。
表3可知,辣椒苗期的抗旱性与地上和地下面积的比值呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.625。其次,辣椒苗期的抗旱性与地上面积的相关性较高,也呈负相关,相关系数为-0.411。与根面积则呈正相关,相关系数为0.198。与叶平均面积和主根长的相关性较小,相关系数分别为0.04和-0.031。
表3可知,辣椒苗期的抗旱性与过氧化物酶和脯氨酸均有显著相关性,且与过氧化物酶呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.675,与脯氨酸呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.638。与丙二醛和超氧化物歧化酶的相关性较小,相关系数分别为-0.314和0.243。
本研究主要解决了衡量辣椒抗旱性的2个问题,一是根、叶面积等植物形态指标与植物抗旱性之间的关联,二是脯氨酸、过氧化物酶等生化指标是否可以用于衡量植物抗旱性。我们首先选取了8个辣椒自交系作为试验材料,试验采用盆栽自然干旱处理,用隶属函数值分析法对抗旱性进行排序:4-1>163-2 UP>112 D>10-2 UP>134 UP>34>158 D>115 D。相关性分析表明,形态指标与抗旱性的关联度依次为:地上地下面积比值>地上面积>根系面积>叶面积>主根长;生化指标关联度为过氧化物酶>脯氨酸>丙二醛>超氧化物歧化酶。基于上述结果,针对大规模辣椒抗旱性品种选育的过程中,可以在形态学上重点关注地上地下面积比和地上面积,以及根系面积;在生化指标中可以重点关注过氧化物酶活性和脯氨酸含量。本研究为完善辣椒抗旱筛选体系、大规模筛选抗性品种奠定基础,为选育抗旱品种提供新思路。
在自然界中,植物通过一系列形态、生理和生化方面的适应性进化来对抗干旱胁迫,维持自身的正常生长[21]。抗旱性适用于所有具有干旱适应性的植物物种,这些适应性使它们能够逃避(escape)、避免(avoidance)或耐受(tolerance)干旱胁迫。其中,避免(avoidance)指的是在土壤含水量低时,植物通过保持相对较高组织含水量来防止组织损伤[22],这可以通过各种适应性特性来实现,包括最小化水分损失和优化水分吸收等[23]。本研究运用隶属函数法进行抗旱性评价,结果表明:自交系4-1的抗旱性最强,而自交系115 D的抗旱性最弱。分析这2个自交系的形态指标特点可知,自交系4-1的根系面积大于自交系115 D,地上面积却小于自交系115 D,且二者地上面积与根系面积的比值相差较大。这说明自交系4-1根系比地上部分发达,自交系115 D地上部分比根系发达。由此可见,自交系4-1的根系水分吸收能力更强;而自交系115 D蒸腾面积更大,水分流失也更多,这与赵永锋等[24]的研究结果一致。
辣椒苗期抗旱性与地上地下面积比值呈显著负相关,即当地上部分比根系发达时,辣椒苗期的抗旱能力差,这与沙漠植物茎叶退化、根系发达以更好适应干旱环境的情况相似[25]。同时,苗期抗旱性与地上面积相关性较高,且呈负相关,表明地上部分越发达,辣椒越不抗旱。在与根系的相关性方面,苗期抗旱性与根系面积相关性较高且呈正相关,但与主根长的相关性较差,这与DEAK等[26]在研究中发现主根不受干旱胁迫影响、侧根生长明显受到抑制的结果一致,说明根系越发达,辣椒的抗旱性越强。此外,叶面积与辣椒苗期抗旱性的相关性也较差,这可能是由于仅取第1、2片真叶面积的平均值作为最终指标,存在误差,不具有代表性。
此外,植物应对干旱胁迫时产生的生理生化的响应已有不少研究[27-28],研究表明各类抗氧化物酶的活性及脯氨酸、丙二醛等物质的含量的变化并不是一直呈上升的趋势或是下降的趋势,而是根据干旱胁迫的程度不同呈动态变化趋势,因此不能简单根据抗氧化物酶活性或脯氨酸等物质的含量来评价植株抗旱能力。同时,在分析各生化指标的含量变化时,也并非所有指标均有明显变化,本研究在对辣椒苗期抗旱性与相关生化指标的相关性分析发现,苗期抗旱性与各生化指标的相关性顺序为过氧化物酶>脯氨酸>丙二醛>超氧化物歧化酶,其中只有过氧化物酶及脯氨酸与苗期抗旱性显著相关,这与李林瑜等[29]的研究结果一致,为今后重点研究哪些渗透调节物质来提高植物抗旱性提供参考。
综上所述,辣椒是对水分供应较为敏感的作物,干旱会严重影响其生长、产量和果实品质,而目前对于找到兼具高产和抗旱性的优良材料,仍缺乏高效筛选方法。本研究从辣椒苗期形态及生化指标入手,研究辣椒苗期形态及生理指标与抗旱的相关性,找到与抗性强关联指标,从而大大提高辣椒苗期抗旱品种的选育效率,逐步完善辣椒抗旱筛选体系,为进一步实现利用表型组大规模筛选辣椒抗性品种奠定基础。
此外,本研究主要集中在辣椒苗期,而在辣椒的生长周期中,开花结果期对干旱胁迫更为敏感且需水量更大。因此,仅通过苗期的研究可能无法全面评估辣椒品种在整个生长周期内的抗旱性。在之后的研究中,应对辣椒多生育阶段展开综合研究,将研究范围扩展到辣椒的整个生育期,特别是开花结果,深入探究不同生育期辣椒对干旱胁迫的响应机制,以及各生育期抗旱指标之间的关联性,从而建立更加全面的辣椒抗旱性评价体系。并且可以利用现代分子生物技术,如基因组学、蛋白组学等,挖掘与抗旱性相关的关键基因和调控网络,结合基因编辑技术和分子标记辅助选择等手段,实现对辣椒抗旱分子机制的深入解析,加快辣椒抗旱品种的选育进程。
  • 湖南省农业厅科技创新计划项目(202004015)
  • 国家“十四五”重点研发计划重点专项(2023YFF1001200)
  • 国家自然科学基金重大项目(32494780)
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2025年第46卷第8期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.08.012
  • 接收时间:2025-03-07
  • 首发时间:2026-06-24
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07
  • 录用日期:2025-04-17
基金
湖南省农业厅科技创新计划项目(202004015)
国家“十四五”重点研发计划重点专项(2023YFF1001200)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(32494780)
作者信息
    1.湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙 410000
    2.岳麓山实验室,湖南长沙 410128
    3.湖南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,湖南长沙 410125

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* 杨伟光(YANG Weiguang),E-mail:
远方(YUAN Fang),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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