Article(id=1276262829447581706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276262756814815737, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.08.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1695744000000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-27, revisedDate=1706976000000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782214370357, onlineDateStr=2026-06-23, pubDate=1724515200000, pubDateStr=2024-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782214370357, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782214370357, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782214370357, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276262756814815737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='8', pageStart='1521', pageEnd='1760', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1724515200000', pubDateStr='2024-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782214353040, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782214460949, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276263209816420382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276262756814815737, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276263209816420383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276262756814815737, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1633, endPage=1640, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276262829741182988, articleId=1276262829447581706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Physiological Response to Cold Stress and Identification of Its Cold Tolerance in Different Pigeonpea Seedling Stage, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Pigeonpea is an important food and forage crop in the tropics. In order to dissect the physiological characteristics of pigeonpea under cold stress and its cold tolerance, eight seedlings of pigeonpea were tested and analyzed by 8 physiological indexes under 4 ℃ stress, and cold tolerance of pigeonpea were evaluated by subordinate function value method in this study. The results showed that with the prolongation explored to cold stress, REC, SS, MDA and Pro increased respectively, SOD and POD increased firstly and then decreased, and Chl showed a general trend of decline, and the variation of CAT activity was significant difference only in P2 among the 8 accessions. The cold tolerance of the 8 accessions was in the order: Miandian>Danzhou>170306001>060302216>ICPL7086>Nan 02137>Guangxi>Qiongzhong. The content of Chl, SOD and POD activity were significantly correlated with cold tolerance of pigeonpea, which could be the reliable physiological indexes to evaluate the cold tolerance of pigeonpea.

, authors=null, authorsList=Jun TANG, Wenqiang WANG, Xipeng DING, Xiangli MA, Yufen BI, Fenggen GUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fenggen GUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276262830651346964, articleId=1276262829447581706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=不同木豆幼苗低温胁迫下的生理响应及耐寒性鉴定, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

木豆[Cajanus cajan(L.)Millsp.]为热区重要的粮饲兼用作物。为解析木豆响应低温胁迫生理特性及耐寒能力,本研究以8份木豆种质幼苗为试验材料,通过低温胁迫(4 ℃)处理,对木豆8个生理指标测定分析,运用隶属函数综合分析法鉴定其耐寒性。结果表明:随低温胁迫时间的延长,木豆相对电导率(REC)和可溶性糖(SS)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)的含量呈升高趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性随低温处理时间的延长呈先升后降之势,叶绿素(Chl)含量总体呈下降趋势,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性变化存在差异,仅P2中CAT活性差异显著。运用隶属函数综合评价木)豆耐寒性强弱为:缅甸木豆>海南儋州木豆>木豆(170306001)>木豆(060302216)>ICPL7086>木豆(南02137)>广西木豆>海南琼中木豆,且木豆耐寒性与Chl含量、SOD和POD活性呈显著相关,这些指标可以作为木豆耐寒性评价的可信指标。

, authors=

唐军(1979—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:热带牧草及饲料作物育种。

, authorsList=唐军, 王文强, 丁西朋, 马向丽, 毕玉芬, 郭凤根, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=郭凤根, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 郭凤根(GUO Fenggen),E-mail:
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唐军(1979—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:热带牧草及饲料作物育种。

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唐军(1979—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:热带牧草及饲料作物育种。

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Evaluation of physiological responses and resistances of nine wild Poa to low temperature[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2014, 22(2): 326-333. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Evaluation of physiological responses and resistances of nine wild Poa to low temperature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276269235496157194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276262829447581706, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=10, pageStart=2019, pageEnd=2028, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=55, authorNames=何子华, 杨成行, 王沛, 包爱科, 马青, journalName=草业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何子华, 杨成行, 王沛, 包爱科, 马青. 高寒地区6种禾本科牧草对低温胁迫的生理响应及耐寒性评价[J]. 草业科学, 2021, 38(10): 2019-2028., articleTitle=高寒地区6种禾本科牧草对低温胁迫的生理响应及耐寒性评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276269235563266059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276262829447581706, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=10, pageStart=2019, pageEnd=2028, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=56, authorNames=HE Z H, YANG C H, WANG P, BAO A K, MA Q, journalName=Pratacultural Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE Z H, YANG C H, WANG P, BAO A K, MA Q. Effect of low-temperature stress on the physiological responses of six gramineous forages in alpine regions and evaluation of their cold resistance[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2021, 38(10): 2019-2028. 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Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

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不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

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Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=kjgcvbEXNAAzVRIZW7FDMg==, figureFileBig=NFmjeek+b8+v1xuPdC+9SA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276269228651054026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276262829447581706, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同处理间木豆SS、MDA和Pro含量

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

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Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

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不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

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Subordinate function value of physiological indexes in pigeonpea under cold stress

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.隶属函数值Subordinate function value平均值Average排序Prior
RECSSChlMDAProSODCATPOD
P10.450.120.080.690.550.350.520.020.358
P20.550.350.520.730.140.520.900.290.503
P30.720.350.120.390.520.520.650.610.485
P40.540.480.450.380.830.630.600.660.571
P50.320.750.600.460.690.340.380.350.494
P60.500.310.300.690.820.610.330.730.542
P70.480.350.220.800.410.330.610.430.466
P80.630.250.210.860.270.290.390.490.427
), ArticleFig(id=1276269228965626830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276262829447581706, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

木豆低温胁迫下生理指标隶属函数值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.隶属函数值Subordinate function value平均值Average排序Prior
RECSSChlMDAProSODCATPOD
P10.450.120.080.690.550.350.520.020.358
P20.550.350.520.730.140.520.900.290.503
P30.720.350.120.390.520.520.650.610.485
P40.540.480.450.380.830.630.600.660.571
P50.320.750.600.460.690.340.380.350.494
P60.500.310.300.690.820.610.330.730.542
P70.480.350.220.800.410.330.610.430.466
P80.630.250.210.860.270.290.390.490.427
), ArticleFig(id=1276269229041124303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276262829447581706, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Correlation of subordinate function values of pigeonpea physiological indexes under cold stress

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndexRECSSChlMDAProSODCATPODI
REC1.00
SS0.58**1.00
Chl–0.220.221.00
MDA0.190.61**0.59**1.00
Pro0.55**0.65**–0.230.251.00
SOD0.010.57**0.75**0.81**0.161.00
CAT0.260.73**0.53**0.86**0.300.86**1.00
POD0.170.460.47**0.67**0.160.69**0.56**1.00
I–0.340.120.67**–0.340.070.61**0.270.59**1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1276269229104038864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276262829447581706, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

木豆低温胁迫下生理指标的隶属函数平均值的相关性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndexRECSSChlMDAProSODCATPODI
REC1.00
SS0.58**1.00
Chl–0.220.221.00
MDA0.190.61**0.59**1.00
Pro0.55**0.65**–0.230.251.00
SOD0.010.57**0.75**0.81**0.161.00
CAT0.260.73**0.53**0.86**0.300.86**1.00
POD0.170.460.47**0.67**0.160.69**0.56**1.00
I–0.340.120.67**–0.340.070.61**0.270.59**1.00
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不同木豆幼苗低温胁迫下的生理响应及耐寒性鉴定
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唐军 1, 2 , 王文强 1 , 丁西朋 1 , 马向丽 2 , 毕玉芬 2 , 郭凤根 2, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(8): 1633-1640
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (8) : 1633 -1640
不同木豆幼苗低温胁迫下的生理响应及耐寒性鉴定
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唐军1, 2, 王文强1, 丁西朋1, 马向丽2, 毕玉芬2, 郭凤根2, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,海南海口 571101
  • 2.云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明 650201
通讯作者:
* 郭凤根(GUO Fenggen),E-mail:
Physiological Response to Cold Stress and Identification of Its Cold Tolerance in Different Pigeonpea Seedling Stage
Jun TANG1, 2, Wenqiang WANG1, Xipeng DING1, Xiangli MA2, Yufen BI2, Fenggen GUO2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
  • 2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
出版时间: 2024-08-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.08.012
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木豆[Cajanus cajan(L.)Millsp.]为热区重要的粮饲兼用作物。为解析木豆响应低温胁迫生理特性及耐寒能力,本研究以8份木豆种质幼苗为试验材料,通过低温胁迫(4 ℃)处理,对木豆8个生理指标测定分析,运用隶属函数综合分析法鉴定其耐寒性。结果表明:随低温胁迫时间的延长,木豆相对电导率(REC)和可溶性糖(SS)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)的含量呈升高趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性随低温处理时间的延长呈先升后降之势,叶绿素(Chl)含量总体呈下降趋势,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性变化存在差异,仅P2中CAT活性差异显著。运用隶属函数综合评价木)豆耐寒性强弱为:缅甸木豆>海南儋州木豆>木豆(170306001)>木豆(060302216)>ICPL7086>木豆(南02137)>广西木豆>海南琼中木豆,且木豆耐寒性与Chl含量、SOD和POD活性呈显著相关,这些指标可以作为木豆耐寒性评价的可信指标。

木豆  /  低温胁迫  /  生理指标  /  耐寒性

Pigeonpea is an important food and forage crop in the tropics. In order to dissect the physiological characteristics of pigeonpea under cold stress and its cold tolerance, eight seedlings of pigeonpea were tested and analyzed by 8 physiological indexes under 4 ℃ stress, and cold tolerance of pigeonpea were evaluated by subordinate function value method in this study. The results showed that with the prolongation explored to cold stress, REC, SS, MDA and Pro increased respectively, SOD and POD increased firstly and then decreased, and Chl showed a general trend of decline, and the variation of CAT activity was significant difference only in P2 among the 8 accessions. The cold tolerance of the 8 accessions was in the order: Miandian>Danzhou>170306001>060302216>ICPL7086>Nan 02137>Guangxi>Qiongzhong. The content of Chl, SOD and POD activity were significantly correlated with cold tolerance of pigeonpea, which could be the reliable physiological indexes to evaluate the cold tolerance of pigeonpea.

Cajanus cajan  /  cold stress  /  physiological indexes  /  cold tolerance
唐军, 王文强, 丁西朋, 马向丽, 毕玉芬, 郭凤根. 不同木豆幼苗低温胁迫下的生理响应及耐寒性鉴定. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (8) : 1633 -1640 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.08.012
Jun TANG, Wenqiang WANG, Xipeng DING, Xiangli MA, Yufen BI, Fenggen GUO. Physiological Response to Cold Stress and Identification of Its Cold Tolerance in Different Pigeonpea Seedling Stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (8) : 1633 -1640 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.08.012
低温是影响植物地理分布和生长发育的重要的环境限制因子,影响植物的正常生长发育[1]。植物受伤害严重程度关键在于低温的强度影响和暴露在低温下的持续时间,温度在0~15 ℃之间,苗期最容易受伤[2]。低温胁迫后,植物细胞膜透性增大,导致膜系统结构的变化及膜上酶活性的改变,膜的选择透性丧失导致细胞物质交换平衡破坏,细胞代谢发生混乱[3-6]。低温胁迫下植物产生大量的超氧自由基(O2),引起过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗逆反应,减少低温对植物的损伤[7-8]。狗牙根[Cynodon dactylon(L.)Pers.]细胞电解质渗透率能够很好地反映出品种间抗寒能力的差异,SOD、POD活性及其持续时间的长短与其抗寒能力呈正相关性[9]。薛云云等[10]发现耐寒花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)中脯氨酸(proline,Pro)含量、SOD和POD活性高于不耐寒材料。南丽丽等[11]以苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)根系丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖(soluble sugar,SS)、Pro含量和CAT、SOD活性为指标探讨了苜蓿品种间在不同生态区随气温变化的生理规律。HAN等[12]利用叶绿素(chlorophyll,Chl)、Pro、MDA、SOD、CAT等9个生理指标对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)的耐寒机理进行研究,发现MDA含量和SOD活性与耐寒性呈显著相关。
木豆[Cajanus cajan(L.)Millsp.]为豆科木豆属多年生常绿灌木,株高1.5~3.0 m,世界种植面积400多万hm2[13]。嫩茎叶可用作动物饲料,籽实可食用或药用[14]。本课题组调研发现我国木豆花期、结荚期一般在11月至翌年的2月,受到冷害的影响,木豆籽实产量会受到严重的影响。笔者在查阅国内外相关文献,发现木豆在耐寒性方面的研究报道极少。本研究通过对木豆低温胁迫处理后,开展木豆生理指标的变化及相关性研究,以期揭示木豆耐寒生理机制,为耐寒木豆资源的鉴定和新品种的培育提供科学参考依据。
选用8份木豆种质,试验代号分为P1(琼中木豆,采集地:海南琼中)、P2(种质编号:170306001,采集地:海南白沙)、P3(ICPL7086,来源地:印度引入)、P4(缅甸木豆,来源地:缅甸引入)、P5(种质编号:060302216,采集地:广西大新)、P6(儋州木豆,采集地:海南儋州)、P7(南02137,黑种,来源地:库存)和P8(广西木豆,采集地:广西崇左),所有参试材料均由中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所提供。
采用育苗袋直播的方法,每袋5粒种子,每份材料36袋,待苗长致20 cm以上,置于20 ℃准备间预处理12 h,再转入低温4 ℃冷库处理,设4个处理时间,即0(CK)、24、48、72 h,每份木豆幼嫩叶片材料混合取样,测定生理指标包括相对电导率(REC)、SS、Chl、Pro、MDA含量和SOD、CAT、POD活性,每个指标设3个生物学重复。相关生理指标测定方法均参照王学奎[15]的方法。
木豆资源耐寒性综合评价采用模糊综合评判方法[13]。隶属函数值的计算方法及具体步骤如下:
若某一指标与耐寒性呈正相关,则公式为Xi=(X–Xmin)/(Xmax–Xmin);若REC、MDA与耐寒性呈负相关,则公式为i=1–(X–Xmin)/(Xmax–Xmin),式中,Xi为各指标的隶属度值;X为某一指标的测定值;Xmin为某一指标测定值中的最小值;Xmax为某一指标测定值中的最大值。最后计算各指标隶属函数值的平均值,隶属函数平均值越大则表明耐寒性越强。
本研究数据采用Excel 2019和IBM SPSS 20软件进行统计与分析。
REC和MDA直接反映细胞膜受伤害程度。参试木豆的REC随低温胁迫时间的增加,总体呈上升趋势,峰值出现时间点不同(图1)。处理24 h后,P1的REC变化最小,为CK的0.71倍;P4变化最大,为CK的3.37倍,差异显著。处理48 h后,P5变化最小,为CK的1.01倍,差异不显著;P6变化最大,为CK的3.81倍,差异显著。处理72 h后,P2、P3、P5、P6和P8出现最大值,细胞膜透性最大,P4变化最小,为CK的2.27倍,差异显著;P5骤然升高,为CK的5.45倍,差异显著。P1的REC在48、72 h较24 h时呈骤然上升趋势,分别为24 h的4.96倍和3.83倍,差异显著。P4的REC在48、72 h与24 h时的REC差异不显著。REC与植物耐寒特性呈负相关,P4材料受低温胁迫后,REC先升高后降低并保持相对稳定的趋势,维持较好相对电导率,说明其在抵御低温胁迫的能力上强于其他材料,表明P4为较耐寒材料;P5在胁迫时间延长时,同时间处理中增加倍数最大,说明其耐寒性较差。
受低温胁迫时长变化,P1的MDA含量先升后降,但差异不显著;P2的MDA含量逐渐升高,P3和P4呈先降后升再降的趋势;P5、P6、P7和P8中MDA含量呈现先升后降再升的变化趋势,处理24 h后达到最大值。其中,P4增加倍数最小,为CK的0.89倍,差异不显著;P5增加最大,为CK的1.47倍,差异显著。处理48 h后,P6差异不显著;P8增加达到CK的1.12倍,差异不显著。处理72 h后,P5增加最大,为CK的1.25倍,差异显著,P4降低为CK的0.70倍,差异显著。P1中MDA含量随时间处理无显著变化,为相对较耐寒种质。
参试材料中SS含量总体呈上升趋势(图2)。P1、P2、P3和P8中的SS含量呈先降低后升高的趋势,P4、P6和P7呈逐步升高,P5先降低后升高再降低。处理24 h,P6增加倍数最多,为CK的1.32倍;P8的含量最少,为CK的0.47倍。处理48 h,P6增加的倍数最高,为CK的6.06倍,P5增加的倍数最小,为CK的1.68倍。处理72 h,P6增加的倍数最多,为CK的6.83倍。处理48、72 h,P8中SS增加倍数最高,分别为处理24 h的6.87倍、8.02倍,差异显著,而P5增加倍数最小,分别为处理24 h的1.22倍和2.20倍。P6、P8中SS含量增加的倍数较大,其相对为较耐寒材料。
Chl含量的变化直接反映叶片受伤害的程度。P1、P2中Chl含量随处理时间增加逐渐降低,P3、P4、P7和P8中Chl含量呈先升后降的趋势,P5和P6呈现先降后升再降(图2)。处理24 h后,P4中Chl含量相较于CK增加倍数最大,为CK的1.21倍,差异显著;P5增加的最小,为CK的0.84倍,差异不显著。处理48 h后,P5为CK的1.10倍,差异显著;P2为CK的0.83倍,差异显著。处理72 h后,P3中Chl含量显著下降最少,为CK的0.78倍;P2显著下降最大,为CK的0.51倍。P4、P5和P8中相较于CK,Chl含量保持较高含量,相对为较耐寒材料。
Pro为植物响应低温胁迫的重要指标,在8份材料中Pro含量均呈现显著增加趋势(图2)。处理24 h,P6增加倍数最大,为CK的1.16倍;P7增加倍数最小,为CK的0.47倍。处理48 h,P1增加倍数最大,为CK的2.83倍;P7增加倍数最小,为CK的0.83倍。处理72 h,P8的Pro含量显著增加最大,为CK的4.29倍,P6提高倍数最小,为CK的2.6倍。木豆Pro含量呈逐步上升的趋势,P1、P4和P8较CK增加的倍数较高,为相对较耐寒种质。
SOD是植物的抗氧化酶系统,能有效去除O2-歧化对植物体造成的毒害。8份木豆材料的SOD活性变化趋势不一样,P1、P3、P5、P6的SOD活性先缓慢升高后逐步下降。P2、P4和P8的SOD活性随时间处理变化的差异不显著,P7先降低后升高再降低(图3)。处理24 h,P3的SOD活性增加倍数最大,为CK的1.18倍,差异显著;P7下降最多,仅为CK最低0.91倍,差异不显著。处理48 h后,P3的SOD活性增加倍数最高,为CK的1.18倍,差异显著;P8的SOD活性下降最多,为CK的0.88倍,差异不显著。处理72 h后,P4的SOD活性倍数增加最大,为CK的1.09倍,差异不显著;P7的SOD活性呈现显著下降,仅为CK的0.75倍。P3、P4受低温胁迫后,SOD活性逐步增加,为相对耐寒种质。
CAT在去除植物体内的O2-过程中有着重要作用。8份木豆材料的CAT活性变化趋势不同,P1、P5先缓慢升高后降低,P4、P7、P8先缓慢降低后升高,P2先降低后升高再降低,P3一直缓慢升高,P6的CAT活性先升高后降低再升高(图3)。处理24 h后,P6的CAT活性变化最大,为CK的1.12倍;变化最小的是P2,为CK的0.97倍。处理48 h后,P5的CAT活性增加倍数最大,为1.19倍;P7增加倍数最小,为CK的0.97倍。处理72 h,P3增加倍数最大,为CK的1.15倍,增加倍数最小的为P2,为CK的0.89倍。P3材料随处理时间延长,CAT活性逐步增加,为最耐寒材料,其次为P1、P5材料。
POD可以催化各种还原剂的氧化反应。8份材料中POD活性先逐渐升高后再降低(图3)。处理24 h后,P1、P3、P4、P5、P6的POD活性达到峰值,其中,P1、P2、P3、P6的POD活性显著增加,P6增加倍数最大,为CK的2.11倍,P3的POD活性增加最小,为CK的1.43倍。处理48 h后,P2的POD活性显著增加,为CK的1.74倍;P7的POD活性增加倍数最小,为CK的1.31倍,差异不显著。处理72 h后,P2的POD活性显著增加,为CK的1.74倍。P2的POD活性一直显著高于CK,为最耐寒材料。
由公式计算各生理指标间隶属值,如表1所示。对低温胁迫下8份木豆种质耐冷指标平均隶属函数值进行综合评价Xi,平均值越大,表明木豆幼苗的耐寒性越强。P4各项指标隶属函数平均值最大,为0.57,P1隶属函数平均值最小,为0.35。经隶属函数分析得出,低温胁迫下8份木豆种质耐寒性从强到弱排序为:P4>P6>P2>P5>P3>P7>P8>P1
由相关性分析发现,各份材料的耐寒性综合隶属指数(I)与Chl、SOD、POD均呈极显著正相关。其中,相关系数最大值是Chl,达0.67;其次为SOD和POD,相关系数分别是0.61和0.59(表2)。
REC直接反映植物在胁迫下细胞膜的伤害程度,MDA是膜脂过氧化的终产物,其含量高低代表质膜受损伤的程度,REC与MDA与耐寒性呈负相关[1,16]。8份参试材料受低温胁迫后,REC呈总体上升趋势,说明低温胁迫下木豆叶片细胞膜受到一定程度的伤害,细胞膜透性增大,导致电解质渗漏。MDA呈先升高再降低的变化趋势,说明木豆胁迫时间延长,木豆的生理活动受损严重。木豆低温胁迫REC和MDA变化趋势与马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)[17]、果蔗(Saccharum officinarum L.)[18]、木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz.)[19]的低温胁迫研究结果部分相似。不同参试种质低温胁迫后的REC和MDA峰值出现的时间不一样,在一定程度上说明木豆不同的种质耐寒性存在差异。
SS是渗透调节重要的物质,其含量的变化能提高细胞的保水能力,降低逆境伤害程度;叶片受到伤害后,会导致Chl的合成受阻和含量下降;Pro是膜稳定物质,积累量与植物抗寒性呈正相关[20]。本研究中,木豆低温胁迫后,大部分SS出现逐步上升的趋势,一定程度上说明SS在木豆中积累需要相对长的发生时间。Chl相较于对照总体呈下降趋势,Pro呈上升的趋势,不同材料间变化趋势不一样,与在甘蓝(Brassica spp)[8]、马铃薯[17]和甘蔗[21]等的低温胁迫研究结果相似。随时间处理、变化趋势和增加倍数一定程度上反映不同材料的抗寒性差异。
SOD、CAT和POD是植物抗氧化酶系统,SOD能有效去除O2歧化对植物的毒害;CAT能去除植物体内的氧自由基;POD可以催化由过氧化氢参加的各种还原剂的氧化反应[22]。SOD、POD、CAT活性的提高有助于缓解低温胁迫造成的伤害。本研究中,不同的低温胁迫时间参试材料的SOD、POD活性呈先升高后降低的趋势,峰值出现时间各不相同;CAT活性因种质差异,其变化趋势各不相同。苜蓿受连续低温胁迫后,SOD、POD活性呈先升高后降低的趋势[23]。低温胁迫后不同苜蓿材料间CAT活性的变化差异较大[24]。甘蓝在受低温胁迫后POD、CAT活性呈先升高后降低的趋势,而SOD逐渐升高[25]。咖啡(Coffea spp.)受低温胁迫的时间延长,SOD、POD和CAT活性呈先升后降的趋势[26]。水稻低温下耐冷品种体内的CAT活性变化很小,而冷敏感品种CAT活性的变化相对较大[27]。通过本研究发现活性酶中SOD、POD活性与木豆的耐寒性呈现一定程度的正相关,胁迫后快速响应的种质相对较耐寒。CAT稳定性相对较差,且不同材料耐寒性差异也导致其变化差异较大。
植物耐寒性受到多因素影响,单一生理指标无法准确反映植物耐寒性强弱,隶属函数评价法是行之有效的一种综合评价方法,已在马铃薯[28]、披碱草(Elymus dahuricus Turcz.)[29]、早熟禾(Poa annua L.)[30]和草类植物[31]耐寒性评价中应用。本试验通过8项生理指标及隶属函数法对低温胁迫下木豆种质进行耐寒性综合分析,参试材料的耐寒性强弱为:缅甸木豆>海南儋州木豆>木豆(170306001)>木豆(060302216)>木豆ICPL708>木豆(南02137)>广西木豆>海南琼中木豆。缅甸木豆较采集于广西、海南等地的其他材料更为耐寒,一定程度上说明高海拔地区木豆的耐寒特性要优于其他材料,可能是对环境不断适应的一种表现。
木豆的种质资源比较丰富,但木豆种质材料耐寒性鉴定和生理评价的报道较少,无法进行相同研究的比较讨论。通过综合隶属的指数与8个生理指标间的相关性分析,发现Chl、SOD、POD均呈极显著正相关,说明在木豆耐寒研究中的这些生理指标较其他指标更能有效评判木豆耐寒性。
本研究为木豆的耐寒生理机制研究提供科学数据支撑,为发掘耐寒木豆资源和育种研究奠定重要的工作基础。
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2024年第45卷第8期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.08.012
  • 接收时间:2023-09-27
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2024-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-27
  • 修回日期:2024-02-04
基金
海南农业厅科技示范推广项目“牛羊饲草利用示范项目”
热带饲料作物与特色畜牧创新团队项目(17CXTD-18)
非营利性科研机构改革专项启动费项目(0316051)
作者信息
    1.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,海南海口 571101
    2.云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明 650201

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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