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Papaya is an economically important tropical fruit. Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is an important virus disease of papaya, often causing significant yield losses and quality deterioration. Since the introduction of the first transgenic papaya in 1998, PDR-based breeding strategies for disease resistance have been successfully applied. The contradiction between disease resistance based on sequence homology and increased virus genetic diversity became a new challenge for papaya breeding. In this study, we propose to use RNAi strategies aim at nuclear inclusion b gene (Nib) to obtain broad-spectrum resistance to PRSV papaya. With optimized embryo callus generation-Agrobatium meidated transformation-shoot regeneration, 52 shoots were obtained after resistance screening and a total of 24 transgenic positive shoots were obtained by specific PCR screening for the T0 generation. In the T0 generation field natural disease test, the transgenic papaya strains were significantly more resistant to disease than the non-transgenic control, with NibB5-2 having the best resistance in the field. Molecular charaterization of the insertion site of Nib5-2 was located at position 1976766 on chromosome 2 supercontig_30 by hiTAIL-PCR method. Green house inoculation test of NibB5-2 T1 generation, there was no virus accumulation and no disease symptoms, confirmed the resistance. Our resulst reveal that RNAi silcencing the Nib gene enhance the papaya virus resistance, meanwhile enriched the candidated genes for virus resistance breeding.

, authors=null, authorsList=Qinghua WU, Ruizong JIA, Jingyuan GUO, Muzhi YANG, Yujuan HU, Zhigang HAO, Hui ZHAO, Anping GUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hui ZHAO, Anping GUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276213414049485173, articleId=1276213412384346469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=基因沉默番木瓜环斑病毒复制酶基因(PRSV-Nib)获得抗病毒病番木瓜的研究, columnId=1236292524520820846, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=植物保护与生物安全, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

番木瓜是重要的热带经济水果。番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus,PRSV)是番木瓜的重要病毒病,经常导致严重的产量损失和质量恶化。自从1998年第一例转基因番木瓜问世以来,使得基于“致病菌衍生的抗病性(pathogen-derived resistance,PDR)”的抗病育种策略获得成功广泛应用。然而依赖于序列同源性的抗病性与病毒突变导致多样性增加之间的矛盾成为番木瓜育种科学家的新挑战。本研究拟采用RNAi策略针对复制酶(nuclear inclusion b. Nib)获得广谱抗PRSV番木瓜新种质。通过团队已建立的胚性愈伤诱导-农杆菌介导转化-再生苗诱导的番木瓜遗传转化体系,共获得经过抗性筛选的再生苗52株,通过特异性PCR进行筛选共计获得24株转基因阳性植株。通过对T0代田间自然发病试验中,转基因番木瓜株系抗病性明显高于非转基因对照,其中NibB5-2田间抗病性最优。通过hiTAIL-PCR方法确定NibB5-2插入位点位于第2号染色体supercontig_30的1976766的位置。T1代接种试验中,无病毒积累且无发病症状,初步确认具有良好的病毒抗性,为番木瓜抗病育种提供新思路。

, authors=

* 贾瑞宗(1980—),男,博士,副研究员。

吴清铧(1998—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:南繁育种与生物安全

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** 赵辉(ZHAO Hui),E-mail:
郭安平(GUO Anping),E-mail:
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吴清铧(1998—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:南繁育种与生物安全

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Study of virus resistance mediated by inverted repeats derived from 5′and 3′ ends of coat protein gene of Potato virus Y[J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2007(1): 69-76. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Study of virus resistance mediated by inverted repeats derived from 5′and 3′ ends of coat protein gene of Potato virus Y, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276466546134356369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=158, issue=null, pageStart=776, pageEnd=784, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[49], rfOrder=53, authorNames=CHEN X, LIU J, XU L, JIANG F, XIE X, ZHU C, WEN F, journalName=Journal of Phytopathology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN X, LIU J, XU L, JIANG F, XIE X, ZHU C, WEN F. Inhibiting virus infection by RNA interference of the eight functional genes of the Potato virus Y genome[J]. 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Journal of Plant Biology, 2009, 52(6): 550., articleTitle=Conserved sequences of replicase gene-mediated resistance to potyvirus through RNA silencing, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1276466541579342169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, awardId=ZDKJ202002, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1276466541671616858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, awardId=ZDYF2022XDNY257, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY257), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1276466541851971931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, awardId=SCKJ-JYRC-2022-67, language=CN, fundingSource=崖州湾科技城菁英人才项目(SCKJ-JYRC-2022-67), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1276466530279887122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276466530288275731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, companyId=1276466530279887122, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276466530296664340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, companyId=1276466530279887122, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口 570228)]), AuthorCompany(id=1276466530359578901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276466530367967510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, companyId=1276466530359578901, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions / Sanya Research Institutey, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276466530384744727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, companyId=1276466530359578901, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院/中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南三亚 572024)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1276466540170056011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Schematic representation of the construction of plant expressing vector, figureFileSmall=3Zg1H3L9ZMPNx3z/otso7w==, figureFileBig=LKdMQI526CgvLR0ChcIjKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540459462988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=图1, caption=植物表达载体的构建示意图, figureFileSmall=3Zg1H3L9ZMPNx3z/otso7w==, figureFileBig=LKdMQI526CgvLR0ChcIjKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540568514893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Detection of positive regenerated seedlings using transformation event-specific PCR

M: DL2000 DNA marker; 1-22: Candidated seedlings.

, figureFileSmall=sTrfU1i2+W+Yx+PsRWyNWg==, figureFileBig=wKUxbqGDbua53lxBPsDblA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540635623758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=图2, caption=利用转化事件特异PCR检测阳性再生苗

M: DL2000 DNA marker;1~22:再生苗。

, figureFileSmall=sTrfU1i2+W+Yx+PsRWyNWg==, figureFileBig=wKUxbqGDbua53lxBPsDblA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540723704143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Insert site of transgenic NibB5-2

A: hiTAIL-PCR; M: DL15000 DNA marker; Ⅰ: The first round amplification of hiTAIL-PCR electrophoresis;Ⅱ: The second round amplification of hiTAIL-PCR electrophoresis; NibB5-1、NibB5-2、NibB5-3、NibB5-4、NibB5-6: Transgenic Nib gene plants; NibB5-5: non-transgentic control (wild type). B: Blast results of the amplicas of NibB5-2 with papaya genome; C: NibB5-2 insertion site and endoceding genes upstream/downstream.

, figureFileSmall=geTTku8o9aqMpkP7G617wg==, figureFileBig=voQ1S+JnFw563m1xBTBf7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540799201616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=图3, caption=转基因株系NibB5-2插入位点验证

A:hiTAIL-PCR;M:DL15000 DNA marker;Ⅰ:第一轮PCR产物;Ⅱ:第二轮PCR产物;NibB5-1、NibB5-2、NibB5-3、NibB5-4、NibB5-6为转Nib基因株系;NibB5-5为非转基因对照。B:NibB5-2的hiTAIL-PCR的产物序列与番木瓜基因组比对结果;C:NibB5-2插入位点及上下游的编码基因。

, figureFileSmall=geTTku8o9aqMpkP7G617wg==, figureFileBig=voQ1S+JnFw563m1xBTBf7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540887282001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Validation of insertion sites

A: Primers NibB5-2-121F/NibB5-2-515R to verify the insertion position in NibB5-2; B: Primers NibB5-2-100F/NibB5-2-557R to verify the insertion position in NibB5-2; C: Primer NibB5-2-533F/NibB5-2-1269R to further verify the insertion position in NibB5-2; M: DL2000 DNA marker. D: Specific insertion site structure diagram of NibB5-2.

, figureFileSmall=akvzjTlTTJAO+bWEQDLEAA==, figureFileBig=5vvLKh+CYx4HZMefUCR4Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466540954390866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=图4, caption=插入位点验证

A:引物NibB5-2-121F/NibB5-2-515R验证NibB5-2中的插入位置;B:NibB5-2-100F/NibB5-2-557R验证NibB5-2中的插入位置;C:引物NibB5-2-533F/NibB5-2-1269R验证NibB5-2中的插入位置;M:DL2000 DNA marker。D:NibB5-2的特异插入位点结构图。

, figureFileSmall=akvzjTlTTJAO+bWEQDLEAA==, figureFileBig=5vvLKh+CYx4HZMefUCR4Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466541021499731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Accumulation of T0 generation papaya virus at different times in the field

A: Accumulation of PRSV in plants; M: DL2000 DNA Marker; B: NibB5-5 plants; C: Frui of NibB5-5; D: T0 generation plants of NibB5-2; E: T0 generation fruit of NibB5-2.

, figureFileSmall=cVT3VXgB5K+1YOBO2+qoww==, figureFileBig=9JBbKUYmv+RBBU6C0fgsiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466541092802900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=图5, caption=T0代番木瓜田间不同时期病毒积累量

A:植株中PRSV的积累情况;M:DL2000 DNA marker;B:NibB5-5植株;C:NibB5-5的果实;D:NibB5-2的T0代植株;E:NibB5-2的T0代果实。

, figureFileSmall=cVT3VXgB5K+1YOBO2+qoww==, figureFileBig=9JBbKUYmv+RBBU6C0fgsiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466541176688981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Evaluation of the resistance of transgenic papaya by measuring the accumulation of PRSV in transgenic T1 genereation

A:Post-inoculation monitoring of PRSV-CP accumulation in transgenic papaya NibB5-2 T1 plants and non-transgenic papaya NibB5-5 T1 plants; M: DL2000 DNA Marker. B: By gel electrophoresis analysis software Image J analysis the relative amount of virus.

, figureFileSmall=k1H1J2ctevOTXKqgiWsR6A==, figureFileBig=TxbAx5b9eLqFNeXzyg7NKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466541247992150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=图6, caption=通过检测转基因番木瓜T1代的PRSV积累量对其抗性评价

A:转基因番木瓜NibB5-2的T1植株和非转基因番木瓜NibB5-5的T1植株中PRSV-CP的积累情况;M:DL2000 DNA marker。B:凝胶电泳分析软件Image J分析病毒相对量。

, figureFileSmall=k1H1J2ctevOTXKqgiWsR6A==, figureFileBig=TxbAx5b9eLqFNeXzyg7NKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276466541319295319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Primers used in this work

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标基因Target gene引物名称Primer name引物序列(5′–3′)Primer sequence (5′–3′)退火温度Annealing temperature/℃序列长度Size/bp目的Purpose参考文献References
PapainPapain FTGCTTGACTGCGACAGAC55144内参基因[20]
Papain RCTTTCTCCCTTGAGCGAC
CaMV35SCaMV35S FGCTCCTACAAATGCCATCATTGC63195筛选转基因株系
CaMV35S RGATAGTGGGATTGTGCGTCATCCC
NPT IINPTII FACTGGGCACAACAGACAATCG60280
NPTII RGCATCAGCCATGATGGATACTTT
NibPRSV-Nib3CTGTATTGCCATTCACCC55424[34]
PRSV-Nib4CTTGCTCAAGCACCCATT
NibNibB5-2-100FAGCCTGAATGGCGAATGCTA60480验证转化插入的位点本实验
NibB5-2-557RTCTGGGTTCCAGATTTTACCAGA
NibB5-2-121FAGCAGCTTGAGCTTGGATCA60415
NibB5-2-515RTGTTACCAATCCTCCTACACG
NibB5-2-533FTTGTTACCAATCCTCCTATACG60737
NibB5-2-1269RTGCTGACGTGGTGCTATT
LAD1ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCVNVNNNGGAAhiTAIL-PCR[35]
LAD2ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCBNBNNNGGTT
LAD3ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCVVVNNNCCAA
LAD4ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCBDNBNNNCGGT
AC1ACGATGGACTCCAGAG
RB-0BCGTGACTGGGAAAACCCTGGCGTT
RB-1BCCCAACTTAATCGCCTTGCAGCACATC
RB-2BGAAGAGGCCCGCACCGATCGCCCTT
PRSV-CPCP(9268)AGCTGTGGATGCTGGTTTGA56712病毒积累量[32]
CP(9979)CATCTGCATGTGAGCTTCGC
), ArticleFig(id=1276466541394792792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276213412384346469, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究所用引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标基因Target gene引物名称Primer name引物序列(5′–3′)Primer sequence (5′–3′)退火温度Annealing temperature/℃序列长度Size/bp目的Purpose参考文献References
PapainPapain FTGCTTGACTGCGACAGAC55144内参基因[20]
Papain RCTTTCTCCCTTGAGCGAC
CaMV35SCaMV35S FGCTCCTACAAATGCCATCATTGC63195筛选转基因株系
CaMV35S RGATAGTGGGATTGTGCGTCATCCC
NPT IINPTII FACTGGGCACAACAGACAATCG60280
NPTII RGCATCAGCCATGATGGATACTTT
NibPRSV-Nib3CTGTATTGCCATTCACCC55424[34]
PRSV-Nib4CTTGCTCAAGCACCCATT
NibNibB5-2-100FAGCCTGAATGGCGAATGCTA60480验证转化插入的位点本实验
NibB5-2-557RTCTGGGTTCCAGATTTTACCAGA
NibB5-2-121FAGCAGCTTGAGCTTGGATCA60415
NibB5-2-515RTGTTACCAATCCTCCTACACG
NibB5-2-533FTTGTTACCAATCCTCCTATACG60737
NibB5-2-1269RTGCTGACGTGGTGCTATT
LAD1ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCVNVNNNGGAAhiTAIL-PCR[35]
LAD2ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCBNBNNNGGTT
LAD3ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCVVVNNNCCAA
LAD4ACGATGGACTCCAGAGCGGCCGCBDNBNNNCGGT
AC1ACGATGGACTCCAGAG
RB-0BCGTGACTGGGAAAACCCTGGCGTT
RB-1BCCCAACTTAATCGCCTTGCAGCACATC
RB-2BGAAGAGGCCCGCACCGATCGCCCTT
PRSV-CPCP(9268)AGCTGTGGATGCTGGTTTGA56712病毒积累量[32]
CP(9979)CATCTGCATGTGAGCTTCGC
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基因沉默番木瓜环斑病毒复制酶基因(PRSV-Nib)获得抗病毒病番木瓜的研究
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吴清铧 1, 2 , 贾瑞宗 2 , 郭静远 2 , 杨牧之 2 , 胡玉娟 2 , 郝志刚 2 , 赵辉 2, ** , 郭安平 2, **
热带作物学报 | 植物保护与生物安全 2024,45(4): 837-846
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热带作物学报 |植物保护与生物安全 2024 , 45 (4) : 837 -846
基因沉默番木瓜环斑病毒复制酶基因(PRSV-Nib)获得抗病毒病番木瓜的研究
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吴清铧1, 2, 贾瑞宗2, 郭静远2, 杨牧之2, 胡玉娟2, 郝志刚2, 赵辉2, ** , 郭安平2, **
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口 570228
  • 2.海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院/中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南三亚 572024
通讯作者:
** 赵辉(ZHAO Hui),E-mail:
郭安平(GUO Anping),E-mail:
Gene Silencing of Papaya ringspot virus Replicase Gene (PRSV-Nib) to Obtain Virus Resistant Papaya
Qinghua WU1, 2, Ruizong JIA2, Jingyuan GUO2, Muzhi YANG2, Yujuan HU2, Zhigang HAO2, Hui ZHAO2, ** , Anping GUO2, **
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions / Sanya Research Institutey, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China
出版时间: 2024-04-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.04.019
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番木瓜是重要的热带经济水果。番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus,PRSV)是番木瓜的重要病毒病,经常导致严重的产量损失和质量恶化。自从1998年第一例转基因番木瓜问世以来,使得基于“致病菌衍生的抗病性(pathogen-derived resistance,PDR)”的抗病育种策略获得成功广泛应用。然而依赖于序列同源性的抗病性与病毒突变导致多样性增加之间的矛盾成为番木瓜育种科学家的新挑战。本研究拟采用RNAi策略针对复制酶(nuclear inclusion b. Nib)获得广谱抗PRSV番木瓜新种质。通过团队已建立的胚性愈伤诱导-农杆菌介导转化-再生苗诱导的番木瓜遗传转化体系,共获得经过抗性筛选的再生苗52株,通过特异性PCR进行筛选共计获得24株转基因阳性植株。通过对T0代田间自然发病试验中,转基因番木瓜株系抗病性明显高于非转基因对照,其中NibB5-2田间抗病性最优。通过hiTAIL-PCR方法确定NibB5-2插入位点位于第2号染色体supercontig_30的1976766的位置。T1代接种试验中,无病毒积累且无发病症状,初步确认具有良好的病毒抗性,为番木瓜抗病育种提供新思路。

番木瓜  /  番木瓜环斑病毒  /  Nib基因  /  RNA介导的病毒抗性

Papaya is an economically important tropical fruit. Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is an important virus disease of papaya, often causing significant yield losses and quality deterioration. Since the introduction of the first transgenic papaya in 1998, PDR-based breeding strategies for disease resistance have been successfully applied. The contradiction between disease resistance based on sequence homology and increased virus genetic diversity became a new challenge for papaya breeding. In this study, we propose to use RNAi strategies aim at nuclear inclusion b gene (Nib) to obtain broad-spectrum resistance to PRSV papaya. With optimized embryo callus generation-Agrobatium meidated transformation-shoot regeneration, 52 shoots were obtained after resistance screening and a total of 24 transgenic positive shoots were obtained by specific PCR screening for the T0 generation. In the T0 generation field natural disease test, the transgenic papaya strains were significantly more resistant to disease than the non-transgenic control, with NibB5-2 having the best resistance in the field. Molecular charaterization of the insertion site of Nib5-2 was located at position 1976766 on chromosome 2 supercontig_30 by hiTAIL-PCR method. Green house inoculation test of NibB5-2 T1 generation, there was no virus accumulation and no disease symptoms, confirmed the resistance. Our resulst reveal that RNAi silcencing the Nib gene enhance the papaya virus resistance, meanwhile enriched the candidated genes for virus resistance breeding.

Carica papaya L.  /  Papaya ringspot virus  /  Nib gene  /  RNA-mediated virus resistance
吴清铧, 贾瑞宗, 郭静远, 杨牧之, 胡玉娟, 郝志刚, 赵辉, 郭安平. 基因沉默番木瓜环斑病毒复制酶基因(PRSV-Nib)获得抗病毒病番木瓜的研究. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (4) : 837 -846 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.04.019
Qinghua WU, Ruizong JIA, Jingyuan GUO, Muzhi YANG, Yujuan HU, Zhigang HAO, Hui ZHAO, Anping GUO. Gene Silencing of Papaya ringspot virus Replicase Gene (PRSV-Nib) to Obtain Virus Resistant Papaya[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (4) : 837 -846 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.04.019
番木瓜(Carica papaya L.)是热带和亚热带地区重要的经济水果之一,其富含丰富的营养价值与潜在的医疗价值,深受大众喜爱。番木瓜最主要的病害是番木瓜环斑病毒病(Papaya ringspot virus,PRSV)[1-2],对番木瓜产业造成重大打击。传统的病毒防治措施如交叉保护[3-4],田间综合管理[5],传播媒介防治[6-7],以及抗病育种[8-9]在一定程度上阻止了病毒的传播,但这并不足以避免农业生产上的损失[10]。通过基因工程提高番木瓜的抗病能力,使得转基因番木瓜成为早期商业化种植的成功案例之一。
根据“致病菌衍生的抗病性(pathogen-derived resistance,PDR)”原理,第一例夏威夷抗病毒的转基因番木瓜问世,PDR的抗病育种策略是转录后基因沉默(post-transcriptional gene silencing,PTGS)[11-12]。RNA干扰(RNAi)是表现在转录水平上的基因沉默[13],已被证明在病毒防御反应中发挥作用,并已成功地作为生物技术工具用于转基因植物的病毒抗性。RNAi是一种由小RNA介导的基因表达调控机制。RNAi过程涉及3个基本特征:双链RNA(dsRNA)诱导,dsRNA被切割成21~25个核苷酸大小的小干扰RNA(siRNA)[14-15],以及siRNA被整合到RNA诱导沉默复合物(RNA-induced silencing complex,RISC)中进行序列特异性降解[16]。通过使用RNAi技术,针对目标mRNA的外源性双链RNA,抑制了靶基因的表达水平。由于外源序列并未表达产物,RNA介导的病毒抗性具有生物安全优势,且降低了引入外源基因植株带来的风险[17]
通过转病毒外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因在植物中表达而产生抗病性[18-20]。然而,外壳蛋白基因可能与自然界中的其他病毒或致病因子重组成新的致病因子产生可传播和流行的危险病毒[21-22]。复制酶(nuclear inclusion b,Nib)基因是一种依赖于病毒RNA的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,RdRp)[23],用病毒复制酶转化植物已被证明可以产生稳定高效的抗性,通过与复制酶mRNA结合[24],阻断病毒mRNA的复制或使病毒mRNA通过RNAi衰减直接影响病毒RNA的复制[25],是获得病毒抗性植物有效的方法。目前通过转病毒Nib基因使作物获取抗性的方法被广泛运用于大豆[26]、小麦[27-28]、豌豆[29]、烟草[24,30]、芥菜[25]、大白菜[31]等作物。
前期工作发现,海南番木瓜环斑病毒遗传多样性差异较大[32],大规模种植单一抗性的转基因番木瓜很容易促进靶标病毒的突变,导致抗性丧失。本团队前期已经获得1个基于番木瓜外壳蛋白基因沉默番木瓜株系的培育并验证具有一定抗性[33-34],建立基于多目标基因的沉默(CP+Nib)来提高番木瓜的广谱抗性,以期应对靶标病毒的突变以及遗传多样性。因此本研究在前期工作的基础上,采取了对Nib基因沉默的策略创制番木瓜新品系,并验证其抗病性,积累抗病新资源。
受体材料选择番木瓜品种穗中红48,由广州市果树研究所惠赠。遗传转化方法及再生苗由本实验室提供[32-34]。大肠杆菌DH5α购自Sangon公司(B528413),农杆菌GV3101由本实验室保存。载体采用新霉素磷酸转移Ⅱ基因(Neomycin phosphotransferaseⅡNPTⅡ)作为标记基因,抗生素为卡那霉素(50 mg/L)。载体构建如图1
试剂与仪器:植物总RNA抽提纯化试剂盒(TIANGEN,DP441-H)、多糖多酚植物基因组DNA提取试剂盒(TIANGEN,DP360)、FastKing RT Kit(TIANGEN,KR116)用于核酸提取试验;琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒(Sangon,B511139)、质粒小提试剂盒(Omega,D6943-100T)、pUCm-T vector(Sangon,B620435)、IPTG溶液(Sangon,B541007)、X-Gal溶液(Sangon,B541006)用于hiTAIL-PCR验证转化插入的位点实验,其他常用试剂为国产分析纯。超微紫外分光光度计(倍辉,DS-11)、冷冻型离心机(Therom Fisher,Micro 21R)用于核酸提取、质粒提取;PCR仪(Analytik Jena AG,TAdvanced 96SG)用于阳性株系的筛选;电泳仪(北京君意东方电泳设备有限公司,JY600E)用于PCR检验;化学发光成像系统用于凝胶回收(Azure,C300);控温摇床用于大肠杆菌转化(IKA,4000i);电热恒温水浴箱用于大肠杆菌转化(上海一恒,DK-8D)。
引物设计使用NCBI在线引物设计工具(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/tools/primerblast/)在插入位点上游286 bp处设计验证引物NibB5-2-533F,在插入位置的下游451 bp处设计验证引物Nibb5-2-1269R;在插入位点上游和载体上设计2对嵌合引物NibB5-2-100F/NibB5-2-557R和NibB5-2-121F/NibB5-2-515R,用于插入位点的验证。引物及探针序列见表1,引物合成以及DNA测序均由北京六合华大基因科技有限公司完成。
将0.2 g新鲜番木瓜叶片在液氮中充分研磨后,使用植物基因组提取试剂盒提取植物总DNA,用于转化特异性PCR进行阳性转化株的筛选,通过1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA的完整性,并利用紫外分光光度计测定DNA浓度和纯度,–20 ℃保存备用。将50 mg的番木瓜叶片在液氮充分研磨后使用植物总RNA抽提纯化试剂盒提取植物总RNA,通过1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测RNA的完整性,利用紫外分光光度计测定RNA浓度和纯度,–80 ℃保存,用于后续研究叶片中PRSV的病毒积累量。
用转化事件特异PCR进行阳性转化苗的筛选。引物分别是目标基因Nib引物(PRSV-Nib3/PRSV-Nib4)、转化事件特异性引物(CaMV35S F/Nib4)和内参引物(Papain F/Papain R)(表1),以阳性质粒为阳性对照(CK+),水为阴性对照(CK)。PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 µL 2×Taq master Mix、1.0 µL上游引物(100 µmoL/L)、1.0 µL下游引物(100 µmoL/L)、1.0 µL番木瓜基因组DNA模板、9.5 µL Nuclease-free water。PCR扩增条件:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性30 s,55 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸30 s,共35个循环;72 ℃再延伸10 min。反应完毕后,通过1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后EB染色,拍照记录。
采用高效热不对称交互式PCR(highefficiency TAIL-PCR,hiTAIL-PCR)[35]方法检测阳性品系插入位点的侧翼序列。根据已有报道的研究方法[36]进行PCR扩增,反应结束后将PCR产物切胶回收,将回收的目标条带DNA与pUCm-T vector连接进行克隆载体的转化,最后通过菌液PCR挑选每个转化的3个重复阳性菌送往北京六合华大基因科技有限公司进行测序。
将获得的DNA序列在Phytozome v13.0(https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov)在线软件与番木瓜基因组(C. papaya,ASGPBv0.4)进行Blast比对,以获得侧翼序列确定插入的位点信息。
利用引物NibB5-2-533F/Nibb5-2-1269R验证插入位点的准确性。使用2对嵌合引物NibB5-2-100F/NibB5-2-557R和NibB5-2-121F/NibB5-2-515R进一步验证插入位点。PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 µL 2×Taq master Mix,1.0 µL上游引物(100 µmoL/L),1.0 µL下游引物(100 µmoL/L),1.0 µL DNA模板,9.5 µL Nuclease-free water。PCR扩增条件:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性30 s,60 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸30 s,共35个循环;72 ℃再延伸10 min。扩增结束后通过1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后EB染色,拍照记录。
将转Nib基因的T0代幼苗以及非转基因对照移栽到田间中国热带农业科学院文昌试验基地(19°32ʹ14.521ʺN,110°44ʹ51.652ʺE,具有隔离条件),进行抗病性筛选。分别在移栽3个月后第90、100、110、120、130、140、150、180、210、240天观测和采样。
海南PRSV病毒活体植株保存于本实验室。参照黄静等[33]的PRSV制备病毒接种液和接种方法,具体如下:
(1)取含有PRSV病毒的番木瓜叶样适量,将感染病毒的叶片和磷酸缓冲液(1×PBS)按照1∶10的比例(即1 g叶片,10 mL PBS)混匀后充分研磨至匀浆状,5000 r/min离心10 min后,吸取上清液作为接种液,4 ℃保存备用。
(2)在茎尖向下数第三叶,人工接种PRSV。首先在叶片表面上洒上少许石英砂,用碾磨棒或者指腹由叶脉向叶尖轻轻摩擦,而后滴加10 µL接种液并将其在叶片表面涂抹均匀。
(3)转基因株系(NibB5-2 T1代)为实验组,非转基因株系(NibB5-5 T1代)为对照组。分别进行病毒接种试验,只接种缓冲液(不含病毒)的对照试验,和不接种对照试验。每种处理设3个生物学重复。接种病毒后第0、4、8、12、16、20、24、28、32天观测发病情况,并取相邻叶片(茎尖向下数第二叶片)检测PRSV病毒积累量。
番木瓜总RNA的提取参见1.2.2,利用FastKing cDNA第一链合成试剂盒以番木瓜总RNA为模板合成cDNA第一链。反应体系和程序为:2 μL 5×g DNA Buffer、2 μL Total RNA、6 μL Nuclease-free water,PCR仪中42 ℃ 3 min后,置于冰水混合物中放置3 min。然后加入2 μL 10×King RT Buffer、1 μL FastKing RT Enzyme Mix、2 μL FQ-RT Primer Mix、5 μL Nuclease-free water,于42 ℃ 15 min,95 ℃ 3 min,于–20 ℃保存。
使用PRSV-CP特异性引物进行PCR检验,以病毒接种液作为阳性对照(CK+),无核酸酶水作为阴性对照(CK)。PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 µL 2×Taq master Mix、1.0 µL CP(9268)、1.0 µL CP(9979)、1.0 µL cDNA模板、9.5 µL Nuclease-free water。PCR扩增条件:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性30 s,56 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸30 s,共35个循环;72 ℃延伸10 min。反应完毕后,通过1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后EB染色,拍照记录。
本研究共计获得52株已经过抗性筛选的再生苗,用转化事件特异PCR对再生苗进行筛选,一共筛选出24株阳性株系,图2为部分筛选结果,选取在田间表现良好、栽培后能正常开花结果、抗性表现较好的T0代阳性转化株系代表Nib5-2进行分子特征检测。
NibB5-2样品的hiTAIL-PCR电泳结果如图3,将测序结果经过Blast比对,发现插入位点位于2号染色体的supercontig_30.113的1976766处,比对的详细结果为Score=675 bits(748),Expect=0.0 Identities=376/377(99%)(图3)。插入位点上、下游最近的基因距离为3.6 kb,插入位点上游10 kb内有2个Ankyrin Repeat家族蛋白(evm.TU. supercontig_30.153、evm.TU.supercontig_30.149),下游10 kb内有2个Ankyrin Repeat家族蛋白(evm.TU.supercontig_30.154、evm.TU.supercontig_30.155)、1个反转录转座子闭合蛋白(PF03732,evm.TU.supercontig_30.156)和1个糖基转移酶(evm.TU.supercontig_30.157)。
插入位点的上游引物NibB5-2-533F与下游引物Nibb5-2-1269R在非转基因番木瓜DNA中扩增得到预期约737 bp的产物;而在转基因株系中,由于外源载体的插入,PCR产物预计大小为4.2 kb +737 bp(图4)。将插入位点上游引物NibB5-2-100F/NibB5-2-121F和载体上的引物NibB5-2-557R/NibB5-2-515R匹配,扩增番木瓜基因组和载体序列的嵌合产物,在转基因番木瓜中扩增得到预期大小条带(480 bp和415 bp),而在非转基因番木瓜中未得到扩增产物(图4)。
通过对转基因和非转基因株系的田间发病观测发现,转Nib番木瓜株系和非转基因株系在田间的抗病性差异明显。非转基因株系均感病,具体表现为在移苗后第5个月时表现出病症,随着时间的延长,病症日益明显,在第6个月时出现典型病症如果实上出现环斑(图5C);转Nib番木瓜株系移苗后,植株整体表现健康,一直至第12个月无明显症状。通过对3~6个月番木瓜样品进行病毒积累量的PCR检测,NibB5-1在第151天开始出现病毒积累,NibB5-2在第151天开始出现病毒积累,NibB5~9在第112天出现病毒积累,非转基因对照NibB5-5在第112天出现病毒积累(图5A)。
转基因番木瓜NibB5-2 T1代株系和非转基因对照在接种病毒后32 d内抗病性差异明显。3株接种病毒的对照植株表现一致,在第8天时表现出病症,随着时间的延长,病症日益明显,在第24天时出现病症典型;同时接种病毒的3株NibB5-2 T1植株在32 d内,部分有病毒积累,但表型都正常。9个采集时间点的植物样品进行PCR检测病毒积累量的检测结果如图6A。在相同模板量下,对照植株的凝胶检测灰度呈指数增长趋势,即随着时间的延长感染病毒量逐渐递增,NibB5-2 T1代植株基本无变化(图6B)。
PRSV是海南番木瓜生产的主要制约因素。虽然基于siRNA和植物人工微RNA(amiRNA)的短发夹RNA(shRNA)可以有效地减少病毒复制,但广泛的病毒遗传变异可能会使病毒逃逸[37],PRSV存在地理分化,各地的病毒株系差异大,在海南不同地区分布的PRSV病毒株系差异大[32,38],所以抗PRSV转基因番木瓜品种的种植仅限于某些地理区域[39]。RNA介导的病毒抗性受到入侵病毒与目标转基因之间序列同源性的影响[40],若siRNA与其靶标之间存在不匹配,会影响靶标RNA的识别切割,干扰效应降低,甚至使siRNA失活[41-42]。此外,有研究表明,抗病毒效果可能在于小靶区的同源性而并非全序列的同源性[43-44]。课题组前期通过海南全境内PRSV遗传多样性进行研究发现,不同群体(HainanⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ)[32]还根据RNAi原理利用海南PRSV-CP基因保守序列将抗海南番木瓜环斑病毒植物表达载体pCAMBIA2300-35S-CP-RNAi-OCS转入番木瓜中,对转CP基因番木瓜进行分子特征及抗病毒试验分析,获得了具有较好的PRSV抗性的转基因株系[33-34]
在番木瓜中引入1个发夹结构来靶向PRSV Nib,理论上,病毒的RNA与转基因的RNA的靶向方式相同,从而使植物能够抵抗感染。在本研究中,描述了通过转化苗进行阳性株系筛选、hiTAIL-PCR验证特异插入位点以及转基因株系抗性试验,鉴定了1个抗病毒转基因番木瓜NibB5-2的基因组插入和侧翼区域,这在转基因作物的安全性评估和追踪单个转基因事件中非常重要[45]。转基因植株NibB5-2外源基因未插入到番木瓜编码基因中,hiTAIL-PCR显示插入位点在第2号染色体的supercontig_30的1976766位置,设计特异引物验证插入位点时发现转基因植株NibB5-2为杂合子。转基因植株NibB5-2和非转基因植株NibB5-5通过田间自然发病试验,对症状进行视觉评估,并使用PRSV(CP)外壳蛋白引物,通过RT-PCR检测病毒的存在,结果表明植株NibB5-2对由病虫传播的PRSV产生了抗性。这是由于转基因番木瓜植株NibB5-2体内含有Nib发夹插入结构,转入Nib基因反向重复载体转录形成了dsRNA,含有dsRNA的发夹结构被dicer酶识别,诱导RNAi机制的启动[46],从而有效抑制了在田间PRSV对番木瓜的危害。在转基因植株NibB5-2 T1代和非转基因植株NibB5-5 T1代植株中进行摩擦接种实验,在接种后,NibB5-2 T1代植株表现出抗性,T1代植株中含有Nib发夹插入,并在大多数情况下表达了该基因,假设RNAi可以诱导植物的病毒防御,转基因表达水平足够强,足以引起影响。由双链反向重复序列茎和单链内含子环组成了发夹RNA(hpRNA),双链茎决定了反应的特异性是RNA沉默的关键因素[47],内含子与RNA沉默虽然没有直接关系但内含子有利于hpRNA的形成,提高其稳定性,诱导有效的基因沉默[48]。当茎长为200~800 bp时,开始出现明显的沉默,沉默效率高达60%~80%[49]
采用RNAi策略获得PRSV抗性,目标基因的小片段可以最大限度地降低重组、转化、协同作用和互补的风险,且还可避免田间释放和商业化的潜在风险[50]。含PRSV-Nib的转基因番木瓜已遗传到T1代,对PRSV仍具有抗性,可进一步用于抗病育种。为获得广谱抗PRSV的转基因植株,还需要通过多代选择,以此产生更稳定的品系,未来的工作还需要确定这些转基因植株是否在田间条件和较高温度下保持表达并提供抗性。
  • 海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202002)
  • 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY257)
  • 崖州湾科技城菁英人才项目(SCKJ-JYRC-2022-67)
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2024年第45卷第4期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.04.019
  • 接收时间:2022-12-16
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2024-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-16
  • 修回日期:2023-02-15
基金
海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202002)
海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY257)
崖州湾科技城菁英人才项目(SCKJ-JYRC-2022-67)
作者信息
    1.海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口 570228
    2.海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院/中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南三亚 572024

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** 赵辉(ZHAO Hui),E-mail:
郭安平(GUO Anping),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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