Article(id=1276190606909112844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276190518317023323, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1673366400000, receivedDateStr=2023-01-11, revisedDate=1680710400000, revisedDateStr=2023-04-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782197151161, onlineDateStr=2026-06-23, pubDate=1716566400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782197151161, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782197151161, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782197151161, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276190518317023323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='873', pageEnd='1093', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1716566400000', pubDateStr='2024-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782197130040, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782197317472, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276191304694493587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276190518317023323, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276191304694493588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276190518317023323, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=964, endPage=972, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276190607143993870, articleId=1276190606909112844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Variation in Seed Morphology and Germination Characteristics Between Superior Trees of Pterocarpus santalinus and Its Grafted Clones, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Pterocarpus santalinus is one of the most famous rosewood (Hongmu) species in the world. Its large-scale development is restricted due to limited seed production in China. A grafted clone seed orchard was established recently using suprior tree materials by Experiment Station of Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, and most trees in the orchard have flowered and fruited. The differences in seed quality among superior trees in the introduction garden and the grafted clones need to be studied. Here the morphological traits were measured, and germination tests were conducted for the seeds of P. santalinus collected from six superior trees in the introduction garden and the grafted clones in the seed orchard at the experiment station. The coefficients of variance for the seed morphological traits were much lower than those for seedling growth traits among superior trees or the grafted clones, and the coefficients of variance was the lowest for the weight of 1000-grain seeds, indicating that the variations of seedling growth were more abundant than those of seed morphorlogy Seed length was significantly different at 0.05 level among the superior trees with No. 7 performing the best, and seed length, width and thickness differed remarkably among the grafted clones, in which No. 9# performed the best in seed length and width, and No. 7# did the best in seed thickness. The germination rate and potential differed significantly among superior trees (No. 3 and No. 9 performed the best, respectively) or the clones (No. 5# did the best), and significant difference occurred in the length of epicotyl, hypocotyl, radicle and total seedling among the superior trees (No. 3 did the best), and in the length of radicle and total seedling among the grafted clones (No. 7# did the best), demonstrating that abundant variation in seed germination and seedling growth existed among superior trees and among the grafted clones. Significance of difference between each superior tree and its clone varied with gene type, and clones performed as a whole, better than relevant superior trees in seed length and width, seed germination and seedling growth. It was indicated from relationship analysis that seed weight was significantly correlated with germination rate at 0.01 level, the germination rate of the plumper seeds was higher. In conclusion, seeds from the grafted clone seed orchard performed better in the seed morphorlogy and germination than those from the superior trees in the introduction garden, and significant difference was absent in seed weight among the superior trees or the grafted clones, and between each superior tree and its clone (P≥0.05), the seeds developed fully in the seed orchard with 1000-grain weight near 100 g, more than that for scattered individuals early grafted (92.9 g). The findings would provide scientific evidences for elite variety selection, seed orchard establishment and robust seedling cultivation.

, authors=null, authorsList=Mingliang LIN, Renli CHEN, Chunsheng WANG, Jinhui CHEN, Jie ZENG, Peiqun LIN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Renli CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276190608662331932, articleId=1276190606909112844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态和萌发特征变异, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

檀香紫檀是世界上最为名贵的红木树种之一,其在我国的规模发展受制于种子生产。最近中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所利用优树材料在海南岛尖峰岭营建了檀香紫檀嫁接无性系采种园,目前已开花结实,其种子品质及其与优树间差异尚待研究。以海南岛尖峰岭中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站引种园檀香紫檀6株优树及其在采种园内的嫁接无性系为对象,采集种子测定其形态性状,并采用双层滤纸法开展种子萌发试验。结果表明:(1)无论是优树还是其嫁接无性系,其种子形态性状的变异系数远小于芽苗生长性状,种子千粒重的变异系数最小,说明其芽苗生长变异较种子形态变异更丰富;(2)檀香紫檀优树间种子长度差异显著(P<0.05),以7号优树为最大,嫁接无性系间种子长度、宽度和厚度均差异显著,其长度和宽度以9#号无性系为最大,厚度以7#号无性系为最大;(3)优树间和无性系间种子发芽率、发芽势差异显著,优树中发芽率和发芽势分别以3号和9号为最高,无性系则均以5#号为最高,优树间上胚轴、下胚轴和胚根长度以及芽苗总长度均差异显著,均以3号优树为最大,无性系间胚根长度和芽苗总长度差异显著,均以7#号无性系为最大,说明优树间和无性系间种子萌发和芽苗生长均存在丰富变异;(4)优树与其对应无性系间种子形态、萌发和芽苗生长性状差异显著性因基因型而异,整体而言,无性系的种子长度和宽度大于其对应优树,其种子发芽和芽苗生长表现优于其对应优树;(5)相关性分析表明,种子千粒重与发芽率极显著(P<0.01),种子越饱满,发芽率越高。总而言之,檀香紫檀采种园的种子在形态和萌发上整体优于引种园的优树;而且种子千粒重在优树间、嫁接无性系间以及优树与其对应无性系间均差异不显著(P≥0.05),采种园种子较为饱满,其总体均值接近100 g,超过早期散生嫁接植株(92.9 g)。研究结果为檀香紫檀良种选育、种子园营建和壮苗培育提供科学依据。

, authors=

林鸣亮(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:风景园林植物与应用。

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* 陈仁利(CHEN Renli),E-mail:
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林鸣亮(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:风景园林植物与应用。

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林鸣亮(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:风景园林植物与应用。

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A note on seedling growth of some Pterocarpus species[J]. Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology, 2004, 20(1): 47-50. (in Chinese)., articleTitle=A note on seedling growth of some Pterocarpus species, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277242036004712818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=43, issue=12, pageStart=6, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=32, authorNames=陈文宗, 谌振, 杨光穗, 黄素荣, journalName=广东农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈文宗, 谌振, 杨光穗, 黄素荣. 机械处理和酸处理对檀香紫檀发芽率和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 广东农业科学, 2016, 43(12): 6-11., articleTitle=机械处理和酸处理对檀香紫檀发芽率和幼苗生长的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277242036084404595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=43, issue=12, pageStart=6, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=CHEN W Z, CHEN Z, YANG G S, HAUNG S R, journalName=Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN W Z, CHEN Z, YANG G S, HAUNG S R. Effects of different seeding treatments on germination rate and seedling growth of Pterocarpus santalinus[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 43(12): 6-11. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of different seeding treatments on germination rate and seedling growth of Pterocarpus santalinus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277242036147319156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=7, issue=3, pageStart=3785, pageEnd=3789, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=34, authorNames=KARTHICK M, PARTHIBAN K T, journalName=International Journal of Chemical Studies, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KARTHICK M, PARTHIBAN K T. Variation studies in seed physical and germination attributes of red sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus) genetic resources[J]. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019, 7(3): 3785-3789., articleTitle=Variation studies in seed physical and germination attributes of red sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus) genetic resources, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277242036218622325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=27, pageEnd=34, 41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=35, authorNames=罗水兴, 郭俊誉, 孙冰, 裴男才, 林明平, 李小飞, journalName=种子, refType=null, unstructuredReference=罗水兴, 郭俊誉, 孙冰, 裴男才, 林明平, 李小飞. 降香黄檀不同种源/家系种质差异研究[J]. 种子, 2022, 41(7): 27-34, 41., articleTitle=降香黄檀不同种源/家系种质差异研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277242036273148278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=27, pageEnd=34, 41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=36, authorNames=LUO S X, GUO J Y, SUN B, PEI N C, LIN M P, LI X F, journalName=Seed, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO S X, GUO J Y, SUN B, PEI N C, LIN M P, LI X F. Study on the differences of germplasm resources of Dalbergia odorifera from different families[J]. Seed, 2022, 41(7): 27-34, 41. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the differences of germplasm resources of Dalbergia odorifera from different families, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1277242031533584721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, awardId=RITFKYYW201405, language=CN, fundingSource=中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“檀香紫檀采种园营建”(RITFKYYW201405), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1277242018451550478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277242018459939087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, companyId=1277242018451550478, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277242018472522000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, companyId=1277242018451550478, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.海南大学林学院,海南海口 570228)]), AuthorCompany(id=1277242018548019473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277242018560602386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, companyId=1277242018548019473, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277242018568990995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, companyId=1277242018548019473, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州 510520)]), AuthorCompany(id=1277242018652877077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277242018661265686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, companyId=1277242018652877077, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277242018678042903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, companyId=1277242018652877077, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口 571101)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1277242030015246659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=P. santalinus superior trees with seeds collected, figureFileSmall=cRYUjGZkalqLaw2xydoNMg==, figureFileBig=/bMZA2KwczPTx/ofJBRHxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242030099132740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=图1, caption=檀香紫檀采种优树, figureFileSmall=cRYUjGZkalqLaw2xydoNMg==, figureFileBig=/bMZA2KwczPTx/ofJBRHxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242030422094149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Pods of P. santalinus superior trees and relevant grafted clones, figureFileSmall=hCVzpLKhg4E/wDOYRlaqlw==, figureFileBig=mS+8B9orEN5c0XIUl64MzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242030485008710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=图2, caption=檀香紫檀优树和嫁接无性系的荚果, figureFileSmall=hCVzpLKhg4E/wDOYRlaqlw==, figureFileBig=mS+8B9orEN5c0XIUl64MzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242030560506183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Growth performance of P. santalinus superior trees and their clones

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
优树(引种园)Superior trees (introduction garden)无性系(嫁接采种园)Clones (grafted seed orchard)
编号Code树高Tree height/m胸径DBH/cm编号Code结实分株数No. of fruited clones平均树高Mean tree height/m平均胸径Mean DBH/cm
11844.51#0
31734.33#110.728.2
51734.65#210.5±0.022.1±2.5
71831.87#99.6±1.422.6±4.0
91833.49#48.3±1.022.8±5.3
111837.511#29.2±2.019.3±1.3
), ArticleFig(id=1277242030636003656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

檀香紫檀优树及其无性系的生长表现

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
优树(引种园)Superior trees (introduction garden)无性系(嫁接采种园)Clones (grafted seed orchard)
编号Code树高Tree height/m胸径DBH/cm编号Code结实分株数No. of fruited clones平均树高Mean tree height/m平均胸径Mean DBH/cm
11844.51#0
31734.33#110.728.2
51734.65#210.5±0.022.1±2.5
71831.87#99.6±1.422.6±4.0
91833.49#48.3±1.022.8±5.3
111837.511#29.2±2.019.3±1.3
), ArticleFig(id=1277242030728278345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Seed morphological variation among P. santalinus superior trees and their grafted clones

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号Code种子长度Seed length种子宽度Seed width种子厚度Seed thickness千粒重1000 grains weigh
均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/gCV/%
111.02±0.80ab7.265.45±0.427.712.22±0.188.11102.77±3.203.00
310.46±0.97bc9.275.49±0.213.832.10±0.4822.8698.58±4.224.44
510.85±0.69abc6.365.60±0.8815.712.28±0.135.7099.76±4.975.56
711.24±1.61a14.325.87±0.457.672.16±0.2712.5097.62±1.931.11
910.21±1.38c13.525.56±0.9617.272.15±0.3415.8199.40±4.614.44
1110.72±0.90abc8.405.55±0.7613.692.09±0.3918.66101.31±4.484.00
Mean10.75±1.1410.605.59±0.7613.602.17±0.3214.7599.90±1.864.00
3#10.36±0.93d8.985.59±1.03c18.432.04±0.21b10.2998.63±0.033.12
5#11.22±0.59c5.266.39±0.63b**9.862.11±0.15b**7.11101.83±4.904.00
7#11.81±0.84b7.566.57±0.56ab**8.522.28±0.24a10.5399.91±5.685.56
9#12.43±0.88a**7.086.99±0.74a**10.592.13±0.28b13.15100.66±4.924.00
11#11.91±0.73b**6.136.34±0.85b**8.962.06±0.25b12.1497.84±6.475.00
Mean11.55±1.069.186.33±0.8513.412.12±0.2411.3299.84±5.515.00
), ArticleFig(id=1277242030812164426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态变异

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号Code种子长度Seed length种子宽度Seed width种子厚度Seed thickness千粒重1000 grains weigh
均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/gCV/%
111.02±0.80ab7.265.45±0.427.712.22±0.188.11102.77±3.203.00
310.46±0.97bc9.275.49±0.213.832.10±0.4822.8698.58±4.224.44
510.85±0.69abc6.365.60±0.8815.712.28±0.135.7099.76±4.975.56
711.24±1.61a14.325.87±0.457.672.16±0.2712.5097.62±1.931.11
910.21±1.38c13.525.56±0.9617.272.15±0.3415.8199.40±4.614.44
1110.72±0.90abc8.405.55±0.7613.692.09±0.3918.66101.31±4.484.00
Mean10.75±1.1410.605.59±0.7613.602.17±0.3214.7599.90±1.864.00
3#10.36±0.93d8.985.59±1.03c18.432.04±0.21b10.2998.63±0.033.12
5#11.22±0.59c5.266.39±0.63b**9.862.11±0.15b**7.11101.83±4.904.00
7#11.81±0.84b7.566.57±0.56ab**8.522.28±0.24a10.5399.91±5.685.56
9#12.43±0.88a**7.086.99±0.74a**10.592.13±0.28b13.15100.66±4.924.00
11#11.91±0.73b**6.136.34±0.85b**8.962.06±0.25b12.1497.84±6.475.00
Mean11.55±1.069.186.33±0.8513.412.12±0.2411.3299.84±5.515.00
), ArticleFig(id=1277242030904439115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Variation in seed germination among P. santalinus superior trees and their grafted clones

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号Code始发时间Initiation/d高峰期Peak/d结束时间End/d发芽率Germination rate/%发芽势Germination potential/%发芽指数Germination index发芽速度Germination speed
113570.00±7.04bc40.00±11.38ab14.52±3.702.82±0.21a
313481.00±5.62a42.00±3.67ab16.64±1.502.53±0.09bc
512476.00±7.48abc40.00±4.65ab15.42±1.242.67±0.10ab
713466.00±6.69c41.00±8.27ab15.29±3.972.59±0.14bc
912478.33±8.04ab46.67±9.61a17.79±0.782.42±0.16c
1113479.00±12.05ab36.33±5.28b15.99±1.992.61±0.14b
Mean13475.06±9.2241.06±7.7615.94±2.562.61±0.18
3#223
5#23396.67±1.15a**74.67±20.53a19.00±1.02**2.47±0.40b
7#23486.37±9.22a**50.88±9.91b11.37±5.972.80±0.12a*
9#22484.50±15.26a54.00±11.20b14.96±4.982.64±0.24b
11#13464.00±12.96b37.50±3.42b12.06±3.25*2.93±0.17a*
Mean23477.00±0.2452.47±15.5413.48±5.282.71±0.25
), ArticleFig(id=1277242030979936588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子发芽性状变异

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号Code始发时间Initiation/d高峰期Peak/d结束时间End/d发芽率Germination rate/%发芽势Germination potential/%发芽指数Germination index发芽速度Germination speed
113570.00±7.04bc40.00±11.38ab14.52±3.702.82±0.21a
313481.00±5.62a42.00±3.67ab16.64±1.502.53±0.09bc
512476.00±7.48abc40.00±4.65ab15.42±1.242.67±0.10ab
713466.00±6.69c41.00±8.27ab15.29±3.972.59±0.14bc
912478.33±8.04ab46.67±9.61a17.79±0.782.42±0.16c
1113479.00±12.05ab36.33±5.28b15.99±1.992.61±0.14b
Mean13475.06±9.2241.06±7.7615.94±2.562.61±0.18
3#223
5#23396.67±1.15a**74.67±20.53a19.00±1.02**2.47±0.40b
7#23486.37±9.22a**50.88±9.91b11.37±5.972.80±0.12a*
9#22484.50±15.26a54.00±11.20b14.96±4.982.64±0.24b
11#13464.00±12.96b37.50±3.42b12.06±3.25*2.93±0.17a*
Mean23477.00±0.2452.47±15.5413.48±5.282.71±0.25
), ArticleFig(id=1277242031088988493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Variation in seeding growth among P. santalinus superior trees and their grafted clones

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号Code上胚轴长度Epicotyl length下胚轴长度Hypocotyl length胚根长度Radicle length芽苗总长度Total seeding length
均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%
19.73±2.73c28.068.58±1.95b22.7322.49±10.17bc45.2240.80±12.41c30.42
313.11±3.39a25.8610.09±3.51a34.7926.91±10.80a43.1350.12±13.01a25.96
511.39±3.76b33.018.24±2.42bc29.3720.99±8.50c40.5040.63±11.38c28.01
710.30±3.46c33.598.31±2.09bc25.1518.75±9.00d48.0037.37±11.85d31.71
911.47±3.45b30.088.31±1.88bc22.6223.91±9.14b38.2343.69±11.51b26.34
1112.80±4.17a32.587.94±1.54c19.4023.02±8.88bc38.5843.77±11.09b25.34
Mean11.47±1.3330.538.58±0.7725.6822.68±2.7542.2842.73±4.3227.96
3#13.23±8.2061.987.77±1.4418.538.65±3.32b*38.3830.03±5.86b*19.51
5#12.87±3.32**25.809.22±2.57*27.8730.84±10.61a**34.4053.45±11.39a**21.31
7#13.35±3.75**28.099.34±1.91**20.4532.69±28.22a**86.3355.89±28.56a**51.10
9#11.41±3.6231.739.32±2.08**22.3227.64±10.80a**39.0748.83±11.64ab**23.84
11#11.06±3.49**31.567.34±1.76*23.9815.34±6.43ab**41.9234.15±8.19b**23.98
Mean12.38±1.0735.838.60±0.9722.6323.03±10.5148.0244.47±11.6727.95
), ArticleFig(id=1277242031177068878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间芽苗生长变异

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号Code上胚轴长度Epicotyl length下胚轴长度Hypocotyl length胚根长度Radicle length芽苗总长度Total seeding length
均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%均值Mean/mmCV/%
19.73±2.73c28.068.58±1.95b22.7322.49±10.17bc45.2240.80±12.41c30.42
313.11±3.39a25.8610.09±3.51a34.7926.91±10.80a43.1350.12±13.01a25.96
511.39±3.76b33.018.24±2.42bc29.3720.99±8.50c40.5040.63±11.38c28.01
710.30±3.46c33.598.31±2.09bc25.1518.75±9.00d48.0037.37±11.85d31.71
911.47±3.45b30.088.31±1.88bc22.6223.91±9.14b38.2343.69±11.51b26.34
1112.80±4.17a32.587.94±1.54c19.4023.02±8.88bc38.5843.77±11.09b25.34
Mean11.47±1.3330.538.58±0.7725.6822.68±2.7542.2842.73±4.3227.96
3#13.23±8.2061.987.77±1.4418.538.65±3.32b*38.3830.03±5.86b*19.51
5#12.87±3.32**25.809.22±2.57*27.8730.84±10.61a**34.4053.45±11.39a**21.31
7#13.35±3.75**28.099.34±1.91**20.4532.69±28.22a**86.3355.89±28.56a**51.10
9#11.41±3.6231.739.32±2.08**22.3227.64±10.80a**39.0748.83±11.64ab**23.84
11#11.06±3.49**31.567.34±1.76*23.9815.34±6.43ab**41.9234.15±8.19b**23.98
Mean12.38±1.0735.838.60±0.9722.6323.03±10.5148.0244.47±11.6727.95
), ArticleFig(id=1277242031277732175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Pearson correlation coefficient between seed morphology and germination traits

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状TraitSLSWSTTGWGRGPGIGSELHLRL
SW0.931**
ST0.0230.020
TGW0.0330.2350.040
GR0.0120.3090.1370.826**
GP0.5430.5820.0070.4180.521
GI–0.619–0.410–0.2930.4060.426–0.031
GS0.6470.4150.122–0.335–0.4450.157–0.929**
EL–0.173–0.0030.0550.5570.728*0.3430.088–0.125
HL0.0130.2030.1560.2450.684*0.4280.233–0.3840.583
RL0.0910.3650.2880.6360.923**0.4550.183–0.3260.764*0.810**
TSL0.0730.3360.2480.6120.914**0.4730.170–0.3000.813**0.835**0.995**
), ArticleFig(id=1277242031357423952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190606909112844, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

种子形态和萌发性状间的Pearson相关系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状TraitSLSWSTTGWGRGPGIGSELHLRL
SW0.931**
ST0.0230.020
TGW0.0330.2350.040
GR0.0120.3090.1370.826**
GP0.5430.5820.0070.4180.521
GI–0.619–0.410–0.2930.4060.426–0.031
GS0.6470.4150.122–0.335–0.4450.157–0.929**
EL–0.173–0.0030.0550.5570.728*0.3430.088–0.125
HL0.0130.2030.1560.2450.684*0.4280.233–0.3840.583
RL0.0910.3650.2880.6360.923**0.4550.183–0.3260.764*0.810**
TSL0.0730.3360.2480.6120.914**0.4730.170–0.3000.813**0.835**0.995**
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檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态和萌发特征变异
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林鸣亮 1, 2 , 陈仁利 2, * , 王春胜 2 , 陈金辉 1 , 曾杰 2 , 林培群 3
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(5): 964-972
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (5) : 964 -972
檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态和萌发特征变异
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林鸣亮1, 2, 陈仁利2, * , 王春胜2, 陈金辉1, 曾杰2, 林培群3
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学林学院,海南海口 570228
  • 2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州 510520
  • 3.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口 571101
通讯作者:
* 陈仁利(CHEN Renli),E-mail:
Variation in Seed Morphology and Germination Characteristics Between Superior Trees of Pterocarpus santalinus and Its Grafted Clones
Mingliang LIN1, 2, Renli CHEN2, * , Chunsheng WANG2, Jinhui CHEN1, Jie ZENG2, Peiqun LIN3
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, China
  • 3.Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
出版时间: 2024-05-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.011
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檀香紫檀是世界上最为名贵的红木树种之一,其在我国的规模发展受制于种子生产。最近中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所利用优树材料在海南岛尖峰岭营建了檀香紫檀嫁接无性系采种园,目前已开花结实,其种子品质及其与优树间差异尚待研究。以海南岛尖峰岭中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站引种园檀香紫檀6株优树及其在采种园内的嫁接无性系为对象,采集种子测定其形态性状,并采用双层滤纸法开展种子萌发试验。结果表明:(1)无论是优树还是其嫁接无性系,其种子形态性状的变异系数远小于芽苗生长性状,种子千粒重的变异系数最小,说明其芽苗生长变异较种子形态变异更丰富;(2)檀香紫檀优树间种子长度差异显著(P<0.05),以7号优树为最大,嫁接无性系间种子长度、宽度和厚度均差异显著,其长度和宽度以9#号无性系为最大,厚度以7#号无性系为最大;(3)优树间和无性系间种子发芽率、发芽势差异显著,优树中发芽率和发芽势分别以3号和9号为最高,无性系则均以5#号为最高,优树间上胚轴、下胚轴和胚根长度以及芽苗总长度均差异显著,均以3号优树为最大,无性系间胚根长度和芽苗总长度差异显著,均以7#号无性系为最大,说明优树间和无性系间种子萌发和芽苗生长均存在丰富变异;(4)优树与其对应无性系间种子形态、萌发和芽苗生长性状差异显著性因基因型而异,整体而言,无性系的种子长度和宽度大于其对应优树,其种子发芽和芽苗生长表现优于其对应优树;(5)相关性分析表明,种子千粒重与发芽率极显著(P<0.01),种子越饱满,发芽率越高。总而言之,檀香紫檀采种园的种子在形态和萌发上整体优于引种园的优树;而且种子千粒重在优树间、嫁接无性系间以及优树与其对应无性系间均差异不显著(P≥0.05),采种园种子较为饱满,其总体均值接近100 g,超过早期散生嫁接植株(92.9 g)。研究结果为檀香紫檀良种选育、种子园营建和壮苗培育提供科学依据。

檀香紫檀  /  优树  /  嫁接无性系  /  种子形态  /  种子萌发

Pterocarpus santalinus is one of the most famous rosewood (Hongmu) species in the world. Its large-scale development is restricted due to limited seed production in China. A grafted clone seed orchard was established recently using suprior tree materials by Experiment Station of Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, and most trees in the orchard have flowered and fruited. The differences in seed quality among superior trees in the introduction garden and the grafted clones need to be studied. Here the morphological traits were measured, and germination tests were conducted for the seeds of P. santalinus collected from six superior trees in the introduction garden and the grafted clones in the seed orchard at the experiment station. The coefficients of variance for the seed morphological traits were much lower than those for seedling growth traits among superior trees or the grafted clones, and the coefficients of variance was the lowest for the weight of 1000-grain seeds, indicating that the variations of seedling growth were more abundant than those of seed morphorlogy Seed length was significantly different at 0.05 level among the superior trees with No. 7 performing the best, and seed length, width and thickness differed remarkably among the grafted clones, in which No. 9# performed the best in seed length and width, and No. 7# did the best in seed thickness. The germination rate and potential differed significantly among superior trees (No. 3 and No. 9 performed the best, respectively) or the clones (No. 5# did the best), and significant difference occurred in the length of epicotyl, hypocotyl, radicle and total seedling among the superior trees (No. 3 did the best), and in the length of radicle and total seedling among the grafted clones (No. 7# did the best), demonstrating that abundant variation in seed germination and seedling growth existed among superior trees and among the grafted clones. Significance of difference between each superior tree and its clone varied with gene type, and clones performed as a whole, better than relevant superior trees in seed length and width, seed germination and seedling growth. It was indicated from relationship analysis that seed weight was significantly correlated with germination rate at 0.01 level, the germination rate of the plumper seeds was higher. In conclusion, seeds from the grafted clone seed orchard performed better in the seed morphorlogy and germination than those from the superior trees in the introduction garden, and significant difference was absent in seed weight among the superior trees or the grafted clones, and between each superior tree and its clone (P≥0.05), the seeds developed fully in the seed orchard with 1000-grain weight near 100 g, more than that for scattered individuals early grafted (92.9 g). The findings would provide scientific evidences for elite variety selection, seed orchard establishment and robust seedling cultivation.

Pterocarpus santalinus  /  superior tree  /  grafted clone  /  seed morphology  /  seed germination
林鸣亮, 陈仁利, 王春胜, 陈金辉, 曾杰, 林培群. 檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态和萌发特征变异. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (5) : 964 -972 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.011
Mingliang LIN, Renli CHEN, Chunsheng WANG, Jinhui CHEN, Jie ZENG, Peiqun LIN. Variation in Seed Morphology and Germination Characteristics Between Superior Trees of Pterocarpus santalinus and Its Grafted Clones[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (5) : 964 -972 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.011
檀香紫檀(Pterocarpus santalinus L. f.)又名小叶紫檀,为蝶形花科(Papilionaceae)紫檀属(Pterocarpus L.)落叶乔木,分布于印度Andhra邦的Cuddapah、Chittoor和Nellore地区以及Tamil Nadu邦的Chengalput和北Arcot地区,我国海南以及云南、广西、广东和福建四省区的南部有小规模引种[1]。檀香紫檀木材属极珍贵红木,被《红木》国家标准(GB/T 18107—2017)列为紫檀木类唯一种[2],一般应用于高级家具制作、工艺品雕刻等。其种子、树皮及心材的提取物在降低血糖、抗糖尿病、护肝等方面具有极高的药用价值[3-5]。檀香紫檀树体优美,花色鲜艳、气味清香,是极具观赏性的景观树种之一。
我国檀香紫檀的引种始于1957年,由华南热带作物科学研究院从印度引进并在海南儋州进行小片试种[6];此后中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所和西双版纳植物园也相继从印度引进檀香紫檀进行小规模种植[7]。进入21世纪以来,随着我国珍贵树种产业的蓬勃发展,檀香紫檀的推广也出现了热潮。早期引种的檀香紫檀成为了采种母树。由于早期种植面积小,采种母树少,目前在海南能够正常开花结实的母树不到50株[1],制约了檀香紫檀的规模发展[7]。尽管一些学者尝试了高空压条[8]、组培快繁[9]以及以降香黄檀、囊状紫檀为砧木的嫁接育苗[10-11]等无性繁殖方法,仍难以形成檀香紫檀苗木的规模化生产。为了满足日益增长的檀香紫檀种子需求,陈仁利等[12]研发了以印度紫檀大树作为砧木嫁接檀香紫檀枝条促进其提早开花结实的新技术,并从早期引种的檀香紫檀片林或散生木中选择优树采集枝条,应用该技术建立了檀香紫檀采种园[13],目前部分优树无性系已开始开花结实。
种子品质是培育壮苗进而决定人工林营建成败的关键因素[14-15],影响植物幼苗的建成、个体适合度及性状表现[16]。目前国内外关于檀香紫檀种苗方面的研究主要集中在种实贮藏和催芽处理、幼苗生长和耐寒性等方面[13,17-20],而有关优树间或无性系间种子品质差异研究鲜见报道,仅见KARTHICK等[21]研究了檀香紫檀优树间荚果的形态及萌发特性变异。尽管目前已利用优树材料营建了檀香紫檀嫁接采种园,而优树间、嫁接无性系间以及优树与对应无性系间在种子品质上是否存在差异,有待深入研究。因此,本研究以檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系的种子为材料,通过形态测定和萌发试验,揭示檀香紫檀优树及嫁接无性系间种子形态和萌发性状的变异,为檀香紫檀良种选育、种子园营建和壮苗培育提供科学依据。
檀香紫檀种子采自中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站(18°42′N,108°49′E)的引种园和檀香紫檀嫁接采种园。引种园营建于1975年;嫁接采种园营建于2018年,其砧木主要为印度紫檀大树,接穗来自中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站引种园、海南大学儋州校区、海南热带植物园及中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所兴隆南药园的15株檀香紫檀优树。引种园选取生长快、干形通直的檀香紫檀优树6株,包括1号、3号、5号、7号、9号和11号优树(图1),优树编号详见参考文献[13]。从嫁接采种园选取这些优树无性系的结实树18株,开展花期物候、生殖构件以及种子特性变异研究。其生长状况见表1
于2022年4—5月采集上述24株檀香紫檀的荚果(图2),分单株剪开果荚剥取种子,每株选取健康饱满种子500粒以上,若不足500粒则全部选取,置于冰箱内冷藏备用。
对于每个单株,采用四分法随机选取4份檀香紫檀种子,每份50粒,用千分之一电子天平称量,计算种子千粒重。用数显游标卡尺逐粒测定上述种子的长度、宽度及厚度。
2022年9—10月在中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所组培室内开展种子萌发试验,室内气温为(26±2)℃,湿度为80%,光照强度为1000 lx,光周期为12 h光照/12 h黑暗。
种子萌发试验采用双层滤纸法,将经过KMnO4消毒25 min后的种子,反复冲洗干净后均匀置于铺有两层湿润滤纸的培养皿内,每皿50粒种子,每个单株重复6次(皿),每天用蒸馏水喷水一次,确保培养皿内无流动水且保持湿润。以胚根突破种皮为萌发标志,连续5 d无萌发视为萌发结束。计算以下指标:
式中,Gt为第t日的正常发芽数,Dt为相应发芽试验天数;D为从种子置于培养皿开始的天数,n为相应各天的发芽粒数。
按照《林木种子检验规程》,种子发芽第21天时,每个培养皿随机选取30株芽苗,测量其上胚轴、下胚轴和胚根长度,数量不足30株,则全部测量。
应用SPSS 13.0软件进行方差分析和Duncan’s多重比较、独立t检验以及相关性分析。
檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态变异情况见表2。6株檀香紫檀优树的种子长度、宽度、厚度和千粒重的变异系数分别为6.36%~ 14.32%、3.83%~17.27%、5.70%~22.86%和1.11%~ 5.56%;嫁接无性系的种子长度、宽度、厚度和千粒重的变异系数分别为5.26%~8.98%、8.52%~ 18.43%、7.11%~13.15%和3.12~5.56%。整体来看,优树和嫁接无性系种子形态性状的变异系数均以种子千粒重为最低,分别以种子厚度和种子宽度为最高;优树除了种子千粒重的变异系数低于其嫁接无性系之外,其种子长度、宽度和厚度的变异系数均高于嫁接无性系。
方差分析结果表明:优树间种子宽度、厚度和千粒重差异不显著,种子长度则差异显著;优树无性系间除了种子千粒重差异不显著之外,种子长度、宽度和厚度均差异显著。6株优树中,以7号优树的种子长度为最大,显著高于最低的9号优树。嫁接无性系的种子长度和宽度均以9#号无性系为最大,3#号无性系为最小,9#号无性系的种子长度显著大于其他无性系,其种子宽度显著大于3#号、5#号和11#号无性系,与7#号无性系差异不显著;种子厚度以7#号无性系为最大,显著大于其他无性系,3#号无性系为最小;7#号无性系的种子宽度是3#号无性系的1.18倍。
优树和对应无性系比较,除3号优树种子长度大于对应无性系,其余优树的种子长度和宽度均小于对应无性系;除5号优树种子厚度低于对应无性系,11号优树种子千粒重大于对应无性系,其余优树种子厚度和千粒重均大于对应无性系。独立t检验结果表明,9号和11号优树的种子长度分别显著小于其对应无性系;5号、7号、9号和11号优树的种子宽度显著小于其对应的无性系;5号优树的种子厚度显著大于其对应优树无性系。所有优树的平均种子长度和宽度比其无性系低0.80 mm和0.74 mm,而厚度、千粒重较为接近。
檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子萌发变异情况见表3。在(26±2)℃气温和12 h光照/12 h黑暗的条件下,优树种子在播种后1 d内即开始发芽,除了5号和9号优树的种子在第2天达到发芽高峰,其余4株优树在第3天达到发芽高峰,大部分优树在第4天发芽结束(1号无性系在第5天结束)。嫁接无性系种子除了11#号在播种后1 d内开始发芽,其余无性系均在第2天开始发芽,3#号和9#号无性系的种子在第2天达到发芽高峰,5#号、7#号和11#号种子的发芽高峰在第3天,3#号和5#号无性系第3天即发芽结束,而7#号、9#号和11#号在第4天结束。优树和对应无性系比较,11号优树与其无性系的发芽时间,包括始发时间、高峰期和结束时间基本一致;其他优树与其对应无性系比较,发芽稍早或结束较晚,发芽过程有差异。整体而言,优树的种子发芽时间比其嫁接无性系长。无论如何,去除果荚的檀香紫檀种子容易发芽,发芽早、结束快,发芽较集中(由于3号优树的嫁接无性系种子数量较少,试验无重复,仅观察其发芽过程,未做发芽指标的统计分析)。
优树和嫁接无性系间种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和发芽速度均差异显著。6株优树间比较,种子发芽率以3号优树为最高,显著比1号和7号分别高15.71%和22.73%;发芽势以9号优树为最高,其发芽势比11号优树显著高28.46%,与其他优树差异不显著;发芽速度以1号优树为最高,与5号优树差异不显著,而显著高于其他优树,比9号优树高16.53%。嫁接无性系间比较,种子发芽率和发芽势均以5#号嫁接无性系为最高;5#号无性系的种子发芽率与7#号和9#号差异不显著,三者均显著高于11#号无性系,5#号无性系比11#号高51.05%;5#号无性系的发芽势显著高于其他3个无性系,比11#号无性系高约1倍;发芽速度以11#号无性系为最高,与7#号无性系差异不显著,二者显著高于其他无性系,11#号无性系比5#号无性系高18.62%。优树与其对应嫁接无性系比较,5号和7号优树的发芽率极显著小于其对应无性系;5号优树的发芽指数极显著小于其对应无性系,11号优树的发芽指数分别显著大于其对应无性系;7号和11号优树的发芽速度均显著小于其对应的无性系。
檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系的芽苗生长变异情况见表4。6株优树间上胚轴、下胚轴和胚根长度以及芽苗总长度的变异系数分别为25.86%~33.59%、19.40%~34.79%、38.23%~ 48.00%和25.34%~31.71%;优树嫁接无性系间对应性状的变异系数为25.80%~61.98%、18.53%~ 27.87%、34.40%~86.33%和19.51%~51.10%。总体来看,优树上胚轴长度和胚根长度的变异程度低于嫁接无性系,而下胚轴长度的变异程度则高于嫁接无性系,优树芽苗总长度的变异程度(7号除外)均高于对应嫁接无性系。
方差分析结果表明,6株优树间比较,4个性状均以3号优树为最大,显著大于其他优树(仅1个例外:3号优树的上胚轴长度与11号优树差异不显著),3号优树上胚轴长度比1号优树大34.74%,下胚轴长度比11号优树大27.08%,胚根长度和芽苗总长度比7号优树分别大43.52%和34.12%。嫁接无性系间的胚根长度和芽苗总长度均以7#号无性系为最大;7#号无性系的胚根长度与5#号和9#号无性系差异不显著,三者显著高于3#号和11#号无性系,7#号无性系的胚根长度比3#号无性系大2.78倍;7#号和5#号无性系的芽苗总长度与9#号无性系差异不显著,而显著高于3#号和11#号无性系,7#号无性系的芽苗总长度比3#号无性系大86.11%。
优树与其对应无性系比较,5号、7号和9号优树的4个芽苗生长性状表现均显著比其对应无性系差,仅9号优树的上胚轴长度与其对应无性系差异不显著;11号优树的4个性状表现均优于其对应无性系;3号优树的上胚轴和下胚轴长度与其对应无性系差异不显著,而胚根长度和芽苗总长度显著大于其对应无性系。
相关性分析结果表明,种子形态性状中,种子长度与种子宽度呈极显著正相关,二者与种子厚度相关性低;种子萌发性状中,发芽率与4个芽苗生长性状均呈显著或极显著正相关,发芽指数与发芽速度呈极显著负相关,胚根长度与上胚轴、下胚轴长度均呈显著或极显著正相关;种子形态与萌发性状间,仅千粒重与种子发芽率呈极显著正相关(表5)。
在种子形态和芽苗生长性状中,无论对于优树还是其嫁接无性系而言,种子形态性状的变异系数远小于芽苗生长性状,种子千粒重的变异系数最小,这与上述有关种子千粒重在优树间、嫁接无性系间以及优树与其对应无性系间均差异不显著的结果是一致的,其总体均值接近100 g,超过了早期嫁接植株的92.9 g[12],这种差异可能与砧木差异有关,采种园所用的砧木为印度紫檀大树,能够保证其种实正常发育所需营养;亦可能与采种园内遗传多样性较丰富有关,采种园内的无性系除了来自引种园,还有来自儋州等地的;还可能与年度气候条件较适宜檀香紫檀种实发育有关。无论如何,这充分说明檀香紫檀采种园种子较为饱满,从其种子萌发特性亦可以得到反映,说明采种园的营建是合理的。尽管如此,引种园和采种园的檀香紫檀种子千粒重与发芽率极显著相关,这与罗水兴等[22]对降香黄檀(Dalberigia odorifera T. Chen)的研究结果一致。
檀香紫檀优树间种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽速度,芽苗上胚轴、下胚轴和胚根长度以及总长度存在显著差异,以3号优树种子表现最佳;各优树的嫁接无性系间种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽速度以及胚根长度和芽苗总长度差异显著,5#号、7#号和9#号种子无性系总体上表现最佳。在采种育苗选择上,3号优树和5#号、7#号和9#号宜作为采种母树。檀香紫檀优树与其对应无性系间在种子形态、萌发和芽苗生长性状上的差异因优树而异。9号和11号优树的种子长度,5号、7号、9号和11号优树的种子宽度显著小于其对应无性系,而5号优树的种子厚度显著大于对应无性系;5号和7号优树的发芽率以及5号、7号和9号无性系的芽苗总长度显著低于其对应无性系。整体而言,嫁接无性系的种子长度和宽度大于其对应优树,发芽和芽苗生长表现优于其对应优树。
檀香紫檀优树与其嫁接无性系在种子萌发特性上的不一致,可能与其所处的群体不一致有关,嫁接种子园内收集了海南岛早期引种的檀香紫檀优树材料,来自海南大学儋州校区、南热带植物园及中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所兴隆南药园等地的优树嫁接无性系亦有开花结实,其遗传基础更为广泛。3#号无性系的结实分株相对较少,也可能存在抽样误差,影响试验结果。随着采种园逐渐进入盛果期,将对采种园内所有无性系的嫁接分株开展研究,揭示各无性系在种子形态和萌发特征上的变异规律,更好地为扩大檀香紫檀采种园建设服务。
  • 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“檀香紫檀采种园营建”(RITFKYYW201405)
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2024年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.011
  • 接收时间:2023-01-11
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2024-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-11
  • 修回日期:2023-04-06
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“檀香紫檀采种园营建”(RITFKYYW201405)
作者信息
    1.海南大学林学院,海南海口 570228
    2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州 510520
    3.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口 571101

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* 陈仁利(CHEN Renli),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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