Article(id=1237814984235864599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1237814978405790425, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.10.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1746979200000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1749571200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-06-11, onlineDate=1773047689732, onlineDateStr=2026-03-09, pubDate=1761321600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773047689732, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773047689732, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773047689732, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1237814978405790425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='10', pageStart='2287', pageEnd='2547', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773047688342, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773049212967, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1237821373213635442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1237814978405790425, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1237821373213635443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1237814978405790425, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2422, endPage=2435, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1237814984625934895, articleId=1237814984235864599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Evaluation of Cold Tolerance and Adaptability of Sugarcane Varieties under Natural Low-temperature Conditions, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

40 newly developed domestic sugarcane varieties (lines) were used to screen sugarcane varieties with strong cold tolerance and excellent comprehensive traits in Quanzhou county, Guangxi. The results indicated that the value of plant height, stem diameter, millable stalk number, single stalk weight and cane yield of plant crop were higher than those in ratoon crop under natural low temperature conditions, with extremely significant difference observed in plant height, single stalk weight, and cane yield between plant crop and ratoon crop. There were significant or highly significant difference in plant height, stem diameter, millable stalk number, single stalk weight and cane yield among different varieties. Field brix, sucrose content and purity of plant crop and ratoon crop exhibited an ascending trend before the arrival of the first strong low-temperature weather, afterwards exhibited an declining trend. Stalk length damage rate (SDR) demonstrated a progressive increase across three survey periods in both plant crop and ratoon crop, but green leaves percentage (GLP) was gradually decreasing. Plant damage rate (PDR) differed among varieties initially, while in the second and third investigation, PDR reached 100% for all varieties. GT51, GT32, GT13-532, DZ09-78, GT58 and GT52 exhibited strong cold tolerance based on the the subordinate function method. The result from maximum entropy-minimum residual composite index model demonstrated that sugar content, cane yield and millble cane number in ratoon crop ranked the top three in weight coefficients, exerting significant impacts on the comprehensive evaluation of sugarcane varieties. DZ07-36, ZT1, ZZ6, YT07-913, FN38, DZ09-78, GT55, GT51, GT52, GT42 and GT58 showed overall superior performance and are suitable for promotion in colder northern sugarcane-growing regions.

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为筛选抗寒性强、综合性状优良的甘蔗品种,在广西全州县对近年来国内培育出的40个甘蔗新品种(系)进行品种抗寒性及适应性试验。结果表明:自然低温下,新植蔗株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量、甘蔗产量均高于宿根蔗,其中株高、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间的差异极显著。不同品种的株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间差异显著或极显著。新宿田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分及纯度在第1次强低温天气来临前表现为上升,之后逐渐下降。新宿茎长受害率在3次调查中逐渐增大,绿叶百分率逐渐减小,第1次调查时株受害率在品种间有差异,第2、3次调查时各品种株受害率均达100%。隶属函数法评价结果表明,GT51、GT32、GT13-532、DZ09-78、GT58和GT52抗寒性较强。最大熵-最小残差综合评价指数模型评价结果表明,宿根含糖量、宿根甘蔗产量、宿根有效茎数的权重系数位列前3,对品种综合评价的影响较大,DZ07-36、ZT1、ZZ6、YT07-913、FN38、DZ09-78、GT55、GT51、GT52、GT42、GT58等品种综合表现较好,适宜在偏北低温蔗区推广种植。

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唐仕云(1978—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:甘蔗育种;E-mail:

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唐仕云(1978—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:甘蔗育种;E-mail:

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唐仕云(1978—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:甘蔗育种;E-mail:

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The recent achievements and development trends of sugarcane improvement in China[J]. Sugar Crops of China, 2024, 46(1): 87-92. 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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of spatio-temporal variations in yield loss risk of sugarcane in Guangxi, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1237814999788343679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=47, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=57, authorNames=邓展云, 刘海斌, 张革民, 方锋学, 何红, 李杨瑞, 杨荣仲, 李鸣, 陈赶林, 梁朝旭, 闭少玲, journalName=中国糖料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邓展云, 刘海斌, 张革民, 方锋学, 何红, 李杨瑞, 杨荣仲, 李鸣, 陈赶林, 梁朝旭, 闭少玲. 2007—2008年榨季广西甘蔗霜冻发生危害规律的调查[J]. 中国糖料, 2009(1): 47-50., articleTitle=2007—2008年榨季广西甘蔗霜冻发生危害规律的调查, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1237814999893201282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=47, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=58, authorNames=DENG Z Y, LIU H B, ZHANG G M, FANG F X, HE H, LI Y R, YANG R Z, LI M, CHEN G L, LIANG C X, BI S L, journalName=Sugar Crops of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DENG Z Y, LIU H B, ZHANG G M, FANG F X, HE H, LI Y R, YANG R Z, LI M, CHEN G L, LIANG C X, BI S L. Investigation of frost bitten sugarcane in Guangxi from 2007 to 2008[J]. Sugar Crops of China, 2009(1): 47-50. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation of frost bitten sugarcane in Guangxi from 2007 to 2008, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1237815000035807621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=27, pageEnd=29, 32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=59, authorNames=赵俊, 范源洪, 吴才文, 刘家勇, 杨洪昌, 赵陪方, 陈学宽, journalName=中国糖料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵俊, 范源洪, 吴才文, 刘家勇, 杨洪昌, 赵陪方, 陈学宽. 119个国外引进甘蔗品种的灰色关联度分析[J]. 中国糖料, 2007(2): 27-29, 32., articleTitle=119个国外引进甘蔗品种的灰色关联度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1237815000136470920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=27, pageEnd=29, 32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=60, authorNames=ZHAO J, FAN Y H, WU C W, LIU J Y, YANG H C, ZHAO P F, CHEN X K, journalName=Sugar Crops of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO J, FAN Y H, WU C W, LIU J Y, YANG H C, ZHAO P F, CHEN X K. Comprehensive evaluation of 19 introduced sugarcane varieties by gray correlation degree[J]. Sugar Crops of China, 2007(2): 27-29, 32. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Comprehensive evaluation of 19 introduced sugarcane varieties by gray correlation degree, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1237815000211968393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=46, issue=4, pageStart=1, pageEnd=10, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=61, authorNames=苏小茴, 杨业彬, 邓思, 韦荣维, 韦慧明, 何晓媚, 周建平, 韦开军, journalName=中国糖料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏小茴, 杨业彬, 邓思, 韦荣维, 韦慧明, 何晓媚, 周建平, 韦开军. 广西甘蔗新品系的DTOPSIS法综合评价[J]. 中国糖料, 2024, 46(4): 1-10., articleTitle=广西甘蔗新品系的DTOPSIS法综合评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1237815000333603212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=46, issue=4, pageStart=1, pageEnd=10, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=62, authorNames=SU X H, YANG Y B, DENG S, WEI R W, WEI H M, HE X M, ZHOU J P, WEI K J, journalName=Sugar Crops of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SU X H, YANG Y B, DENG S, WEI R W, WEI H M, HE X M, ZHOU J P, WEI K J. Comprehensive evaluation of new sugarcane lines in Guangxi by DTOPSIS method[J]. Sugar Crops of China, 2024, 46(4): 1-10. 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Average temperature and minimum temperature data of plant crop and ratoon crop

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类别
Type
3月
Mar.
4月
Apr.
5月
May
6月
Jun.
7月
Jul.
8月
Aug.
9月
Sept.
10月
Oct.
11月
Nov.
12月
Dec.
翌年1月
Following Jan.
翌年2月
Following Feb.
植期
Planting season
新植平均15.419.423.827.330.829.126.421.416.59.89.07.719.7
宿根平均15.721.223.025.930.429.427.920.717.49.710.58.520.0
新植最低7.39.812.920.925.020.820.514.16.3–0.6–2.2–1.3–2.2
宿根最低4.813.015.018.823.124.621.112.27.12.00.6–0.1–0.1
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992024686646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

新植蔗和宿根蔗平均气温及最低气温

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别
Type
3月
Mar.
4月
Apr.
5月
May
6月
Jun.
7月
Jul.
8月
Aug.
9月
Sept.
10月
Oct.
11月
Nov.
12月
Dec.
翌年1月
Following Jan.
翌年2月
Following Feb.
植期
Planting season
新植平均15.419.423.827.330.829.126.421.416.59.89.07.719.7
宿根平均15.721.223.025.930.429.427.920.717.49.710.58.520.0
新植最低7.39.812.920.925.020.820.514.16.3–0.6–2.2–1.3–2.2
宿根最低4.813.015.018.823.124.621.112.27.12.00.6–0.1–0.1
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992112767035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Analysis of variance for major agronomic traits between plant crop and ratoon crop

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变异来源
Source of variation
自由度
Degree of freedom
株高F
F value of plant height
茎径F
F value of stalk diameter
有效茎数F
F value of millble cane number
单茎质量F
F value of single stem weight
甘蔗产量F
F value of cane yield
作物季1237.70**5.800.04420.80**28.30**
品种392.10*2.30**2.10**2.00*2.70**
品种×作物季393.20**2.40**4.30**2.70**2.30**
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992230207552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

新宿主要农艺性状的方差分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变异来源
Source of variation
自由度
Degree of freedom
株高F
F value of plant height
茎径F
F value of stalk diameter
有效茎数F
F value of millble cane number
单茎质量F
F value of single stem weight
甘蔗产量F
F value of cane yield
作物季1237.70**5.800.04420.80**28.30**
品种392.10*2.30**2.10**2.00*2.70**
品种×作物季393.20**2.40**4.30**2.70**2.30**
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992322482247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Comparison of main agricultural characters between plant crop and ratoon crop

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作物季
Crop cycle
株高
Plant height/cm
茎径
Stalk diameter/mm
有效茎数
Number of millble cane/hm2
单茎质量
Single stem weight/kg
甘蔗产量
Cane yield/(t·hm–2
新植蔗282.3Aa25.9Aa85 204Aa1.364Aa115.2Aa
宿根蔗188.2Bb24.4Aa84 544Aa0.997Bb85.4Bb
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992427339855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

新宿主要农艺性状的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作物季
Crop cycle
株高
Plant height/cm
茎径
Stalk diameter/mm
有效茎数
Number of millble cane/hm2
单茎质量
Single stem weight/kg
甘蔗产量
Cane yield/(t·hm–2
新植蔗282.3Aa25.9Aa85 204Aa1.364Aa115.2Aa
宿根蔗188.2Bb24.4Aa84 544Aa0.997Bb85.4Bb
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992603500634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Comparison of field brix, sucrose content and purity of plant crop and ratoon crop

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
调查(时间)
Investigation(Time)
新植蔗PC调查(时间)
Investigation(Time)
宿根蔗RC
田间锤度
Field brix/%
甘蔗蔗糖分
Sucrose content/%
纯度
Purity rate/%
田间锤度
Field brix/%
甘蔗蔗糖分
Sucrose content/%
纯度
Purity rate/%
第1次(2023-11-14)17.3Aab10.1178.4第1次(2024-11-20)19.3Aa11.6983.7
第2次(2023-12-12)17.8Aa11.9883.7第2次(2024-12-19)19.4Aa12.5686.7
第3次(2023-12-28)16.4ABb11.0080.5第3次(2025-01-16)18.4Bb12.1184.0
第4次(2024-01-31)15.0Bc7.8166.4第4次(2025-02-18)17.4Cc10.5381.1
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992716746849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

新宿田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分及纯度的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
调查(时间)
Investigation(Time)
新植蔗PC调查(时间)
Investigation(Time)
宿根蔗RC
田间锤度
Field brix/%
甘蔗蔗糖分
Sucrose content/%
纯度
Purity rate/%
田间锤度
Field brix/%
甘蔗蔗糖分
Sucrose content/%
纯度
Purity rate/%
第1次(2023-11-14)17.3Aab10.1178.4第1次(2024-11-20)19.3Aa11.6983.7
第2次(2023-12-12)17.8Aa11.9883.7第2次(2024-12-19)19.4Aa12.5686.7
第3次(2023-12-28)16.4ABb11.0080.5第3次(2025-01-16)18.4Bb12.1184.0
第4次(2024-01-31)15.0Bc7.8166.4第4次(2025-02-18)17.4Cc10.5381.1
), ArticleFig(id=1237814992800632934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Cane yield, sucrose content and sugar content in different sugarcane varieties

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), ArticleFig(id=1237814992913879149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同品种甘蔗产量、蔗糖分及含糖量

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), ArticleFig(id=1237814993001959537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Comparison of cold resistance traits of plant crop and ratoon crop during different investigation periods

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), ArticleFig(id=1237814993077457011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

新宿不同调查时期抗寒性状比较

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Cold resistance performance of 40 sugarcane varieties

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), ArticleFig(id=1237814993215869052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

40个甘蔗品种的抗寒性表现

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Trait weight coefficient

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新植性状
Trait of PC
权重系数
Weight coefficient
排序
Ranking
宿根性状
Trait of RC
权重系数
Weight coefficient
排序
Ranking
新植出苗率0.0281620宿根发株率0.0287116
新植株高0.0281719宿根株高0.034035
新植茎径0.0241329宿根茎径0.0208033
新植有效茎数0.0305712宿根有效茎数0.038983
新植单茎质量0.0309011宿根单茎质量0.0298513
新植甘蔗产量0.0279121宿根甘蔗产量0.040722
新植第1次甘蔗蔗糖分0.036384宿根第1次甘蔗蔗糖分0.033207
新植第2次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0270024宿根第2次甘蔗蔗糖分0.032608
新植第3次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0273423宿根第3次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0269125
新植第4次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0287017宿根第4次甘蔗蔗糖分0.033396
新植含糖量0.032409宿根含糖量0.043541
新植第1次株受害率0.0275522宿根第1次株受害率0.0298214
新植第1次茎长受害率0.0239131宿根第1次茎长受害率0.0284818
新植第2次茎长受害率0.0292415宿根第2次茎长受害率0.0252127
新植第3次茎长受害率0.0264126宿根第3次茎长受害率0.0240630
新植第1次叶片绿叶率0.0206434宿根第1次叶片绿叶率0.0249028
新植第2次叶片绿叶率0.0235432宿根第2次叶片绿叶率0.0318710
), ArticleFig(id=1237814993408807049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237814984235864599, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

性状权重系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
新植性状
Trait of PC
权重系数
Weight coefficient
排序
Ranking
宿根性状
Trait of RC
权重系数
Weight coefficient
排序
Ranking
新植出苗率0.0281620宿根发株率0.0287116
新植株高0.0281719宿根株高0.034035
新植茎径0.0241329宿根茎径0.0208033
新植有效茎数0.0305712宿根有效茎数0.038983
新植单茎质量0.0309011宿根单茎质量0.0298513
新植甘蔗产量0.0279121宿根甘蔗产量0.040722
新植第1次甘蔗蔗糖分0.036384宿根第1次甘蔗蔗糖分0.033207
新植第2次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0270024宿根第2次甘蔗蔗糖分0.032608
新植第3次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0273423宿根第3次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0269125
新植第4次甘蔗蔗糖分0.0287017宿根第4次甘蔗蔗糖分0.033396
新植含糖量0.032409宿根含糖量0.043541
新植第1次株受害率0.0275522宿根第1次株受害率0.0298214
新植第1次茎长受害率0.0239131宿根第1次茎长受害率0.0284818
新植第2次茎长受害率0.0292415宿根第2次茎长受害率0.0252127
新植第3次茎长受害率0.0264126宿根第3次茎长受害率0.0240630
新植第1次叶片绿叶率0.0206434宿根第1次叶片绿叶率0.0249028
新植第2次叶片绿叶率0.0235432宿根第2次叶片绿叶率0.0318710
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自然低温条件下甘蔗品种的抗寒性及适应性评价
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唐仕云 1 , 王祖辉 2 , 钟坤 3 , 周会 1 , 黄东亮 1 , 刘昔辉 1 , 邓宇驰 1 , 贤武 1 , 吴炫柯 4 , 杨荣仲 1 , 黄赞斌 1
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2025,46(10): 2422-2435
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热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2025, 46(10): 2422-2435
自然低温条件下甘蔗品种的抗寒性及适应性评价
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唐仕云1 , 王祖辉2, 钟坤3, 周会1, 黄东亮1, 刘昔辉1, 邓宇驰1, 贤武1, 吴炫柯4, 杨荣仲1, 黄赞斌1
作者信息
  • 1.广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁 530007
  • 2.全州县农作物良种研究所,广西桂林 541501
  • 3.桂林市农业科学研究中心,广西桂林 541006
  • 4.柳州市气象局,广西柳州 545003
  • 唐仕云(1978—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:甘蔗育种;E-mail:

Evaluation of Cold Tolerance and Adaptability of Sugarcane Varieties under Natural Low-temperature Conditions
Shiyun TANG1 , Zuhui WANG2, Kun ZHONG3, Hui ZHOU1, Dongliang HUANG1, Xihui LIU1, Yuchi DENG1, Wu XIAN1, Xuanke WU4, Rongzhong YANG1, Zanbin HUANG1
Affiliations
  • 1. Institute of Sugarcane, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
  • 2. Quanzhou County Research Institute of Crop Variety, Guilin, Guangxi 541501, China
  • 3. Guilin Research Center of Agricultural Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China
  • 4. Liuzhou Meteorological Bureau, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545003, China
出版时间: 2025-10-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.10.013
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为筛选抗寒性强、综合性状优良的甘蔗品种,在广西全州县对近年来国内培育出的40个甘蔗新品种(系)进行品种抗寒性及适应性试验。结果表明:自然低温下,新植蔗株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量、甘蔗产量均高于宿根蔗,其中株高、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间的差异极显著。不同品种的株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间差异显著或极显著。新宿田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分及纯度在第1次强低温天气来临前表现为上升,之后逐渐下降。新宿茎长受害率在3次调查中逐渐增大,绿叶百分率逐渐减小,第1次调查时株受害率在品种间有差异,第2、3次调查时各品种株受害率均达100%。隶属函数法评价结果表明,GT51、GT32、GT13-532、DZ09-78、GT58和GT52抗寒性较强。最大熵-最小残差综合评价指数模型评价结果表明,宿根含糖量、宿根甘蔗产量、宿根有效茎数的权重系数位列前3,对品种综合评价的影响较大,DZ07-36、ZT1、ZZ6、YT07-913、FN38、DZ09-78、GT55、GT51、GT52、GT42、GT58等品种综合表现较好,适宜在偏北低温蔗区推广种植。

甘蔗  /  品种  /  抗寒性  /  适应性

40 newly developed domestic sugarcane varieties (lines) were used to screen sugarcane varieties with strong cold tolerance and excellent comprehensive traits in Quanzhou county, Guangxi. The results indicated that the value of plant height, stem diameter, millable stalk number, single stalk weight and cane yield of plant crop were higher than those in ratoon crop under natural low temperature conditions, with extremely significant difference observed in plant height, single stalk weight, and cane yield between plant crop and ratoon crop. There were significant or highly significant difference in plant height, stem diameter, millable stalk number, single stalk weight and cane yield among different varieties. Field brix, sucrose content and purity of plant crop and ratoon crop exhibited an ascending trend before the arrival of the first strong low-temperature weather, afterwards exhibited an declining trend. Stalk length damage rate (SDR) demonstrated a progressive increase across three survey periods in both plant crop and ratoon crop, but green leaves percentage (GLP) was gradually decreasing. Plant damage rate (PDR) differed among varieties initially, while in the second and third investigation, PDR reached 100% for all varieties. GT51, GT32, GT13-532, DZ09-78, GT58 and GT52 exhibited strong cold tolerance based on the the subordinate function method. The result from maximum entropy-minimum residual composite index model demonstrated that sugar content, cane yield and millble cane number in ratoon crop ranked the top three in weight coefficients, exerting significant impacts on the comprehensive evaluation of sugarcane varieties. DZ07-36, ZT1, ZZ6, YT07-913, FN38, DZ09-78, GT55, GT51, GT52, GT42 and GT58 showed overall superior performance and are suitable for promotion in colder northern sugarcane-growing regions.

sugarcane  /  variety  /  cold resistance  /  adaptability
唐仕云, 王祖辉, 钟坤, 周会, 黄东亮, 刘昔辉, 邓宇驰, 贤武, 吴炫柯, 杨荣仲, 黄赞斌. 自然低温条件下甘蔗品种的抗寒性及适应性评价. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (10) : 2422 -2435 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.10.013
Shiyun TANG, Zuhui WANG, Kun ZHONG, Hui ZHOU, Dongliang HUANG, Xihui LIU, Yuchi DENG, Wu XIAN, Xuanke WU, Rongzhong YANG, Zanbin HUANG. Evaluation of Cold Tolerance and Adaptability of Sugarcane Varieties under Natural Low-temperature Conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (10) : 2422 -2435 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.10.013
甘蔗是我国重要的糖料作物,以甘蔗为主的糖料作物占我国食糖产量的85%以上[1]。但在我国甘蔗主产区早春或冬季寒害频现,导致甘蔗生产和制糖工业发展受阻,经济受损[2]。甘蔗新品种的选育应用是甘蔗糖业可持续发展的重要基础[3],选用抗寒性强的品种是减少寒害对蔗糖产业影响最为有效的措施之一[4]。开展抗寒性甘蔗新品种的选育对稳定甘蔗糖业的发展具有重要意义。近年来,国内外在甘蔗抗寒性评价指标[5-6]、抗寒性鉴定技术与方法[7-9]、甘蔗种质[10-12]、亲本组合[13-14]、自育[2,4,15-18]与引进[19-20]甘蔗品种(系)的抗寒性评价鉴定等方面进行了大量研究,建立了较完善的甘蔗抗寒性评价技术,筛选出了一批优异抗寒甘蔗种质亲本及品种(系),为进一步开展甘蔗抗寒育种打下了坚实基础。甘蔗品种抗寒性评价主要包括甘蔗抗寒性形态学评价[9,21-22]、生理生化指标评价[2,11,23]及不同品种抗寒性分子机制的比较研究[24-25]等。在甘蔗抗寒形态学方面,甘蔗蔗茎(节间和节)、叶片(叶色)、生长点、芽(侧芽、地下芽)、幼苗(宿根发株苗)、分蘖等易受低温寒害影响。杨荣仲等[21]认为选用茎长冻损率、上位叶绿叶百分率进行甘蔗耐寒性评价简单易行。在甘蔗传统“五圃制”育种过程中,由于受试验条件的限制,对品种抗寒性的评价具有一定局限性。本研究对近年来国内选育出的甘蔗新品种,利用自然低温条件进行抗寒性鉴定,明确新品种的抗寒性及适应性表现,为抗寒甘蔗品种的选育推广提供参考与依据。
以40个甘蔗品种(系)为参试材料,材料名称及简写如下:桂糖11-2320(GT11-2320)、桂糖12-96(GT12-96)、桂糖13-532(GT13-532)、桂糖29(GT29)、桂糖31(GT31)、桂糖32(GT32)、桂糖42(GT42)、桂糖43(GT43)、桂糖44(GT44)、桂糖46(GT46)、桂糖47(GT47)、桂糖49(GT49)、桂糖50(GT50)、桂糖51(GT51)、桂糖52(GT52)、桂糖53(GT53)、桂糖54(GT54)、桂糖55(GT55)、桂糖56(GT56)、桂糖57(GT57)、桂糖58(GT58)、新台糖(ROC22)、德蔗07-36(DZ07-36)、德蔗09-78(DZ09-78)、福农38(FN38)、福农41(FN41)、福农43(FN43)、粤糖07-913(YT07-913)、粤糖08-172(YT08-172)、粤糖08-196(YT08-196)、云瑞09-895(YR09-895)、云蔗05-51(YZ05-51)、中糖1号(ZT1)、中糖2号(ZT2)、中蔗1号(ZZ1)、中蔗6号(ZZ6)、中蔗9号(ZZ9)、中蔗10号(ZZ10)、中蔗福农44(ZZFN44)、中蔗福农48(ZZFN48)。其中桂糖(GT)21个,中蔗(ZZ)4个,中蔗福农(ZZFN)2个,德蔗(DZ)2个,福农(FN)3个,粤糖(YT)3个,云蔗(YZ)1个,云瑞(YR)1个,中糖(ZT)2个,新台糖(ROC)1个。
试验在广西桂林市全州县绍水镇全州县农作物良种研究所核心基地进行。试验地位于110°50′20ʺE,25°51′38ʺN,海拔148.5 m。
新宿月平均气温、月最低气温结果如表1所示,新宿12月—翌年2月月最低气温均低于4 ℃,是低温寒害危害甘蔗的主要时期。新植蔗12月—翌年2月各月最低气温均低于宿根蔗。新植蔗极端低温为–2.2 ℃,低于宿根蔗的–0.1 ℃,从整体上看,新植蔗成熟期间受低温影响更大。
新植蔗成熟期气温变化如图1所示,新植蔗成熟期间发生了4次较强低温影响。第1次在2023年12月16—27日,试验地出现连续12 d日最低气温低于5 ℃的强寒潮低温天气,其中12月23日出现严重霜冻,最低气温为–0.6 ℃。第2次在2024年1月20—27日,试验地连续8 d日最低气温低于5 ℃,其中22—23日出现降雪,最低气温为–2.2 ℃。第3次在2024年2月2—11日,期间最低气温为0.3 ℃。第4次在2024年2月21—29日,期间最低气温为–1.3 ℃。
宿根蔗成熟期气温变化结果如图2所示,宿植蔗成熟期间发生了4次较强低温天气影响。第1次在2024年12月12—19日,其中12月16日发生霜冻,最低气温为2 ℃。第2次在2025年1月4—16日,其中1月12日出现严重霜冻,最低气温为0.8 ℃。第3次在2025年1月27日,发生短暂极端低温天气,试验地出现较大霜冻,最低气温为0.6 ℃。第4次在2025年2月7—10日,其中2月9日出现严重霜冻,最低气温为–0.1 ℃。
采用随机区组设计,1个品种为1个处理,3次重复。每处理种植2行,行长4.0 m,行距1.2 m。2023年3月3日种植新植蔗,2024年3月25日砍收新植蔗,新植砍收后留宿根1 a。其他栽培管理措施按甘蔗常规种植方法进行。
调查新植蔗的出苗率,宿根蔗的发株率,新宿成熟期株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量和蔗茎产量。单茎质量按每小区砍取20条甘蔗,称重,求得小区平均单茎质量。甘蔗产量计算公式:甘蔗产量=单茎质量×有效茎数,含糖量计算公式:含糖量=甘蔗产量×甘蔗蔗糖分。
品种抗寒性调查参照GB/T 35836—2018标准和梁强等[9]、杨荣仲等[13,22]的方法进行,分别调查绿叶百分率、茎长受害率、株受害率等甘蔗抗寒指标。
从气象部门获取试验所在地的气温数据,同时记录试验地霜冻降雪发生情况。结合天气变化,新植蔗(PC)与宿根蔗(RC)抗寒性调查均进行3次。新植蔗3次调查时间分别为第1次强寒潮天气来临前的2023年12月12日、第1次强寒潮天气结束后的2023年12月28日、第2次持续低温天气结束后的2024年1月31日。宿根蔗3次调查时间分别为第1次强霜冻发生后的2024年12月19日、第2次强霜冻发生后的2025年1月16日、第3、4次低温干旱天气后的2025年2月18日。
新植蔗和宿根蔗田间锤度及甘蔗糖分均测定4次,第1次均在抗寒性调查前的11月进行,调查时间分别是2023年11月14日和2024年11月20日。第2、3、4次测定结合抗寒性调查进行。
对新宿主要农艺性状、不同时期调查的抗寒性性状均采用多个季节随机区组试验设计统计模型进行方差分析及多重比较,锤度等百分数数据统计时进行反正弦平方根转换。
参照张文娥等[26]报道的隶属函数法对品种进行抗寒性综合评价。以新宿株受害率、茎长受害率、叶片绿叶率构建抗寒性隶属函数。株受害率、茎长受害率与抗寒性为负相关,采用反隶属函数进行转换,叶片绿叶率采用正相关隶属函数进行转换,计算各指标隶属函数值和品种平均隶属度。按照平均隶属度将品种抗寒性分为5级:0.700~1.000为高抗(high resistance,HR);0.600~0.699为抗(resistance,R);0.400~0.599为中抗(middle resistance,MR);0.300~0.399为低抗(lower resistance,LR);0~0.299为不抗(susceptible,S)。
采用最大熵–最小残差综合评价指数模型(MEMR模型)[27]评价品种的综合表现,以新植出苗率、宿根发株率,新宿株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量、甘蔗产量、甘蔗蔗糖分、含糖量、株受害率(PDR)、茎长受害率(SDR)、叶片绿叶率(GLP)为构建综合指数的因子,综合评价品种的优劣性。出苗率、发株率、株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量、甘蔗产量、甘蔗蔗糖分、含糖量、叶片绿叶率为正向指标,株受害率、茎长受害率为负向指标,分别进行性状指标标准化处理,性状权重采用最大熵-最小残差非线性数值优化方法进行估计,建立综合评价数学模型。综合评价模型为yi=xi1w1+xi2w2+xi3w3+…+xipwpxiji=1,2,3,…,nj=1,2,3,…,p)为n个样本p个因子的观测值,wjj=1,2,3,…,p)为各个因子的权重系数。根据得到的综合评价模型,计算品种综合评价指数yi。综合评价指数越大,品种(样本)综合表现越好。
以上所有数据均使用Excel软件和DPS数据处理系统(V21.05)进行分析[28]
新宿主要农艺性状方差分析结果见表2。从表2可以看出,不同作物季的株高、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间差异极显著。不同品种的株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间差异显著或极显著,说明不同品种主要农艺性状间存在真实的差异,这为抗寒品种筛选提供品种基础。从品种×作物季的互作来看,品种×作物季在所有性状间差异极显著,说明应具体分析每个品种在不同作物季的表现。
对新宿主要农艺性状进行比较分析,结果如表3所示,新植蔗株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎质量、甘蔗产量均比宿根蔗高,其中株高、单茎质量和甘蔗产量间的差异极显著。这可看出本次试验中低温寒害天气发生在新植蔗的后期(成熟期),对新植蔗甘蔗产量等性状影响较小。而低温寒害天气对宿根蔗发株、宿根蔗前期甘蔗生长等具有较大影响,导致宿根甘蔗产量减产。
对不同调查时期新宿田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分及纯度进行比较分析,结果如表4所示,新宿田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分及纯度在第1次与第2次调查期间表现为上升,第2次至第4次调查期间表现为逐渐下降。这说明新宿甘蔗品质在12月第1次强低温天气来临前,由于未受强低温寒害影响,表现为逐渐上升,在强低温天气来临后,破坏甘蔗蔗糖分的积累,甘蔗品质逐渐下降。新植蔗时,田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分和纯度高峰值(第2次)比受严重冻害后的第4次分别高2.8、4.17、17.3个百分点(绝对值),宿根蔗时分别高2.0、2.03、5.6个百分点(绝对值),新植蔗品质性状受冻害后下降的幅度更大,这与新植蔗成熟期间受低温影响更大有关。
对各品种的甘蔗产量、甘蔗蔗糖分和含糖量进行比较分析,结果见表5。新宿平均甘蔗产量较高的品种依次为DZ07-36、ZT1、ZZ6、FN38、GT55、YT07-913、ZZFN48、DZ09-78、GT58、ZZ9等品种。新宿平均甘蔗蔗糖分较高的品种依次为GT42、DZ07-36、GT55、GT53、GT29、FN38、GT56、GT47、FN41等品种。新宿平均含糖量较高的品种依次为DZ07-36、FN38、ZT1、GT55、ZZ6、YT07-913、ZZFN48、GT42、DZ09-78等品种,平均含糖量在12.0 t/hm2以上。
分别对不同调查时期甘蔗抗寒性状进行比较,结果如表6所示,新宿株受害率第1次调查时表现较好,与第2、3次新宿株受害率间有极显著差异,第2、3次新宿株受害率均为100%;新宿茎长受害率在3次调查中逐渐增大,新宿绿叶百分率逐渐减小至0%。
对株受害率、茎长受害率、绿叶百分率进行比较,结果如表7所示,新宿平均株受害率较低的前10位的品种依次是GT52、GT46、GT58、ZZ6、GT43、GT51、ZZ9、GT49、YT07-913、YZ05-51,这些品种对前期低温胁迫表现出较好的抗寒性。新宿平均茎长受害率较低的前10位品种是GT29、GT52、DZ09-78、GT58、ZZFN48、GT11-2320、GT31、ZZFN44、GT51、GT50。新宿平均叶片绿叶率较高的前11位品种是DZ07-36、GT13-532、GT32、GT51、GT31、ZZ9、FN43、ZZ1、GT12-96、GT44、GT57。
采用隶属函数法进行品种抗寒性评价,结果表明高抗(HR)品种只有GT51,占比为2.5%;表现为抗(R)的品种分别是GT32、GT13-532、DZ09-78、GT58和GT52,占比为12.5%;表现为中抗(MR)的品种有29个,占比为72.5%;表现为低抗(LR)的品种有3个,占比为7.5%;表现为不抗(S)的品种是YR09-895和ROC22,占比为5.0%,其中ROC22抗寒性最弱。从以上分析可以看出,此次参试品种中中抗品种占比最多,高抗和不抗的品种占比都很少,品种抗寒性总体上表现为“中间多两头少”分布。其中,高抗和抗品种总共6个,分别是GT51、GT32、GT13-532、DZ09-78、GT58和GT52,这些品种表现出较强的抗寒性。
采用最大熵-最小残差综合评价指数模型(MEMR模型),对新宿34个性状进行因子权重系数评估,结果如表8所示,宿根含糖量、宿根甘蔗产量、宿根有效茎数的因子权重位列前3,在本试验中对品种适应性和抗寒性的综合评价尤为重要。
采用MEMR模型对40个参试品种进行综合性评价,结果见图3,从左至右品种综合指数依次降低,其中DZ07-36、ZT1、ZZ6、YT07-913、FN38、DZ09-78、GT55、GT51、GT52、GT42、GT58等综合指数较高,这些品种(系)在农艺、产质量和抗寒性等方面综合表现相对较优,适宜在偏北低温蔗区推广种植。
甘蔗是喜温作物,种植于热带亚热带地区[23],近年来,随着极端天气的频发,在高海拔高纬度地区种植的甘蔗易发生不同等级低温寒、冻害[29]。低温寒害会造成甘蔗减产,蔗糖分、蔗汁品质和产糖率下降,冻死留种蔗芽,降低种苗质量,影响宿根蔗生长等不良影响[20]。本研究结果表明,新植蔗与宿根蔗甘蔗品质的田间锤度、甘蔗蔗糖分及纯度在第1次强低温天气来临前,表现为上升,第1次强低温天气后逐渐下降。在生产上应时刻关注低温天气的变化,根据品种到达甘蔗蔗糖分高峰期的时间及时进行砍收。低温寒害天气对宿根蔗的甘蔗产量等农艺性状具有重要影响,不同品种在甘蔗产量等农艺性状间表现出极显著差异,因而,选用抗寒性强的品种具有重要意义。
低温对甘蔗的影响是复杂的,用单一指标很难反映其抗寒本质,在进行甘蔗品种抗寒性鉴定时,应以多个指标进行综合评价[23]。采用模糊数学的方法对植物抗寒性进行综合评价为一种更为有效的方法[26],基于模糊数学原理的隶属函数法已广泛应用于甘蔗抗寒性评价[2,4,12,19,23]。本研究采用隶属函数法对40个甘蔗品种进行抗寒性评价,鉴定出GT51、GT32、GT13-532、DZ09-78、GT58和GT52等品种抗寒性较强。在随机抽取未进行抗寒性鉴定的甘蔗品种中,表现为中抗的品种占比高达72.5%,品种抗寒性分布表现为“中间多两头少”。在不抗寒品种中,ROC22抗寒性最弱,前人研究结果表明ROC22抗寒性差[4,19,30],本研究结果与前人报道一致。
农作物品种的综合评价是育种工作的重要环节,甘蔗品种的优劣是多个性状共同作用的结果[31]。为了确保新培育的品种能够满足实际生产需求,需要综合考虑品种的蔗茎产量、蔗糖分、产糖量、抗性等多方面因素[32]。最大熵-最小残差综合评价指数模型综合评价方法结合最大熵原理和最小残差原则,合理确定各评价指标的权重和计算综合评价指数,是在尽可能全面地兼顾各个因子(信息)前提下,运用最小二乘技术提取各个因子所具有的共同趋势来建立综合评价模型[27]。本研究采用最大熵-最小残差综合评价指数模型评价,结果表明,宿根含糖量、宿根甘蔗产量、宿根有效茎数的权重系数位列前3,对品种综合评价的影响较大。根据建立的综合评价模型,鉴定出了DZ07-36、ZT1、ZZ6、YT07- 913、FN38、DZ09-78、GT55、GT51、GT52、GT42、GT58等品种综合性状相对优良、适宜在偏北低温蔗区推广种植。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2301100)
  • 广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117002)
  • 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-170105)
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2025年第46卷第10期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.10.013
  • 接收时间:2025-05-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-09
  • 出版时间:2025-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12
  • 录用日期:2025-06-11
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2301100)
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117002)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-170105)
作者信息
    1.广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁 530007
    2.全州县农作物良种研究所,广西桂林 541501
    3.桂林市农业科学研究中心,广西桂林 541006
    4.柳州市气象局,广西柳州 545003
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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