热带作物学报

序号 No.	菌株 Strain	解磷 P solubilization	解钾 K solubilization	固氮 N fixation	铁载体 Siderophore	吲哚乙酸 IAA	ACC分解 ACC decomposition	乙偶姻 Acetoin	相近属种 Relativegenus	相似度 Similarity/%	NCBI登录号 NCBI accession number
1	SYPD02	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	Bacillus proteolyticus	99.52	PV424380
2	SYPD03	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	Silvania hatchlandensis	99.70	PV424381
3	SYPD05	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	Pseudomonas sesami	99.59	PV424382
4	SYK01	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424342
5	SYK04	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	Caballeronia terrestris	97.77	PV424343
6	SYK08	×	×	×	+	×	+	×	Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae	99.41	PV424344
7	SYK11	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.89	PV424345
8	SYK15	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.65	PV424346
9	SYK16	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	Cupriavidus agavae	98.74	PV424347
10	SYK17	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424348
11	SYK19	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424349
12	SYK21	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.41	PV424350
13	SYK22	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.51	PV424351
14	SYK23	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Pantoea allii	98.83	PV424352
15	SYK24	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	Enterobacter huaxiensis	99.64	PV424353
16	SYK25	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.51	PV424354
17	SYK26	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Paraburkholderia sabiae	99.65	PV424355
18	SYK29	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	Escherichia hermannii	98.24	PV424356
19	SYK31	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia ubonensis	99.09	PV424357
20	SYK32	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae	98.30	PV424358
21	SYK36	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	Dyella marensis	99.72	PV424359
22	SYK39	+	-	+	-	×	-	-	Dyella japonica	99.17	PV424360
23	SYK43	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424361
24	SYN01	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424362
25	SYN02	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424363
26	SYN03	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.40	PV424364
27	SYN04	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424365
28	SYN06	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424366
29	SYN09	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424367
30	SYN11	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424368
31	SYN12	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424369
32	SYN18	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	Caballeronia concitans	99.09	PV424370
33	SYN22	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	Burkholderia territorii	99.51	PV424371
34	SYN25	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.63	PV424372
35	SYN26	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	Caballeronia grimmiae	99.37	PV424373
36	SYN28	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia stabilis	99.44	PV424374
37	SYN351	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424375
38	SYN352	×	+	×	+	-	+	×	Burkholderia aenigmatica	99.51	PV424376
39	SYN36	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Silvania confinis	99.55	PV424377
40	SYN37	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.58	PV424378
41	SYN43	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.71	PV424379
42	SYPP05	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.89	PV424383
43	SYPP06	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.70	PV424384
44	SYPP07	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	Silvania confinis	99.46	PV424385
45	SYPP09	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424386
46	SYPP11	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.63	PV424387
47	SYPP13	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424388
48	SYPP15	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.63	PV424389
49	SYPP16	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.77	PV424390
50	SYPP17	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Raoultella ornithinolytica	99.59	PV424391
51	SYPP18	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	Pantoea ananatis	99.49	PV424392
52	SYPP19	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	Paraburkholderia steynii	99.79	PV424393
53	SYPP20	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.90	PV424394
54	SYPP23	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia paludis	98.90	PV424395
55	SYPP24	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.58	PV424396
56	SYPP27	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia paludis	99.39	PV424397
57	SYPP30	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia stabilis	99.61	PV424398
58	SYPP31	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.09	PV424399
59	SYPP37	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia anthina	98.83	PV424400
60	SYPP52	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Burkholderia cepacia	99.57	PV424401

序号 No.	菌株 Strain	解磷 P solubilization	解钾 K solubilization	固氮 N fixation	铁载体 Siderophore	吲哚乙酸 IAA	ACC分解 ACC decomposition	乙偶姻 Acetoin	相近属种 Relativegenus	相似度 Similarity/%	NCBI登录号 NCBI accession number
1	SYPD02	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	Bacillus proteolyticus	99.52	PV424380
2	SYPD03	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	Silvania hatchlandensis	99.70	PV424381
3	SYPD05	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	Pseudomonas sesami	99.59	PV424382
4	SYK01	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424342
5	SYK04	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	Caballeronia terrestris	97.77	PV424343
6	SYK08	×	×	×	+	×	+	×	Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae	99.41	PV424344
7	SYK11	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.89	PV424345
8	SYK15	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.65	PV424346
9	SYK16	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	Cupriavidus agavae	98.74	PV424347
10	SYK17	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424348
11	SYK19	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424349
12	SYK21	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.41	PV424350
13	SYK22	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.51	PV424351
14	SYK23	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Pantoea allii	98.83	PV424352
15	SYK24	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	Enterobacter huaxiensis	99.64	PV424353
16	SYK25	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.51	PV424354
17	SYK26	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Paraburkholderia sabiae	99.65	PV424355
18	SYK29	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	Escherichia hermannii	98.24	PV424356
19	SYK31	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia ubonensis	99.09	PV424357
20	SYK32	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae	98.30	PV424358
21	SYK36	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	Dyella marensis	99.72	PV424359
22	SYK39	+	-	+	-	×	-	-	Dyella japonica	99.17	PV424360
23	SYK43	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424361
24	SYN01	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424362
25	SYN02	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424363
26	SYN03	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.40	PV424364
27	SYN04	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424365
28	SYN06	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424366
29	SYN09	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424367
30	SYN11	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424368
31	SYN12	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424369
32	SYN18	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	Caballeronia concitans	99.09	PV424370
33	SYN22	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	Burkholderia territorii	99.51	PV424371
34	SYN25	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.63	PV424372
35	SYN26	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	Caballeronia grimmiae	99.37	PV424373
36	SYN28	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia stabilis	99.44	PV424374
37	SYN351	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424375
38	SYN352	×	+	×	+	-	+	×	Burkholderia aenigmatica	99.51	PV424376
39	SYN36	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Silvania confinis	99.55	PV424377
40	SYN37	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.58	PV424378
41	SYN43	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.71	PV424379
42	SYPP05	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.89	PV424383
43	SYPP06	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.70	PV424384
44	SYPP07	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	Silvania confinis	99.46	PV424385
45	SYPP09	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424386
46	SYPP11	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.63	PV424387
47	SYPP13	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424388
48	SYPP15	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.63	PV424389
49	SYPP16	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.77	PV424390
50	SYPP17	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Raoultella ornithinolytica	99.59	PV424391
51	SYPP18	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	Pantoea ananatis	99.49	PV424392
52	SYPP19	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	Paraburkholderia steynii	99.79	PV424393
53	SYPP20	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.90	PV424394
54	SYPP23	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia paludis	98.90	PV424395
55	SYPP24	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.58	PV424396
56	SYPP27	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia paludis	99.39	PV424397
57	SYPP30	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia stabilis	99.61	PV424398
58	SYPP31	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.09	PV424399
59	SYPP37	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia anthina	98.83	PV424400
60	SYPP52	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Burkholderia cepacia	99.57	PV424401

项目Item	SYK24	SYN37	项目Item	SYK24	SYN37
葡萄糖	+	+	阿拉伯糖	+	-
麦芽糖	+	+	菊糖	-	-
鼠李糖	+	-	尿酶	-	-
木糖	+	+	硝酸盐	+	+
甘露醇	+	-	明胶液化	+	+
肌醇	-	-	动力穿刺	+	-
山梨醇	+	-	VP反应	+	+
蜜二糖	-	-	吲哚	+	+
棉籽糖	+	-	硫化氢	+	+
侧金盏花醇	+	-	鸟氨酸	+	+
柠檬酸盐	+	+	赖氨酸	+	+
乳糖	-	-	苯丙氨酸	-	-
半乳糖	+	+	氧化酶	-	+
蔗糖	+	-	过氧化氢酶	+	+
果糖	+	+

项目Item	SYK24	SYN37	项目Item	SYK24	SYN37
葡萄糖	+	+	阿拉伯糖	+	-
麦芽糖	+	+	菊糖	-	-
鼠李糖	+	-	尿酶	-	-
木糖	+	+	硝酸盐	+	+
甘露醇	+	-	明胶液化	+	+
肌醇	-	-	动力穿刺	+	-
山梨醇	+	-	VP反应	+	+
蜜二糖	-	-	吲哚	+	+
棉籽糖	+	-	硫化氢	+	+
侧金盏花醇	+	-	鸟氨酸	+	+
柠檬酸盐	+	+	赖氨酸	+	+
乳糖	-	-	苯丙氨酸	-	-
半乳糖	+	+	氧化酶	-	+
蔗糖	+	-	过氧化氢酶	+	+
果糖	+	+

处理 Treatment	初始株高 Initial plant height/cm	初始地径 Initial ground diameter/mm	终末株高 Final plant height/cm	终末地径 Final ground diameter/mm	株高增长 Plant height increment/cm	地径增长 Ground diameter increment/cm
CK	18.57±1.43^a	2.65±0.03^a	54.45±0.98^a	5.06±0.14^c	35.88±1.57^b	2.41±0.17^b
SYK24	18.30±1.97^a	2.58±0.13^a	57.52±2.72^a	5.76±0.12^a	39.22±0.76^a	3.18±0.23^a
SYN37	18.63±0.93^a	2.76±0.11^a	49.23±2.27^b	5.42±0.16^b	30.59±2.17^c	2.66±0.23^b

处理 Treatment	初始株高 Initial plant height/cm	初始地径 Initial ground diameter/mm	终末株高 Final plant height/cm	终末地径 Final ground diameter/mm	株高增长 Plant height increment/cm	地径增长 Ground diameter increment/cm
CK	18.57±1.43^a	2.65±0.03^a	54.45±0.98^a	5.06±0.14^c	35.88±1.57^b	2.41±0.17^b
SYK24	18.30±1.97^a	2.58±0.13^a	57.52±2.72^a	5.76±0.12^a	39.22±0.76^a	3.18±0.23^a
SYN37	18.63±0.93^a	2.76±0.11^a	49.23±2.27^b	5.42±0.16^b	30.59±2.17^c	2.66±0.23^b

处理 Treatment	全株鲜质量 Whole-plant fresh weight/g	地上部干质量 Dry weight aboveground/g	地下部干质量 Dry weight underground/g	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content/（mg·g^–1）
CK	28.08±1.73^ab	2.84±0.41^b	4.69±0.16^b	1.65±0.18^a	39.01±5.09^a
SYK24	31.70±0.68^a	3.50±0.24^a	5.76±0.70^a	1.65±0.10^a	40.52±1.28^a
SYN37	26.12±2.39^b	2.92±0.16^ab	4.71±0.14^b	1.61±0.08^a	37.56±1.85^a

处理 Treatment	全株鲜质量 Whole-plant fresh weight/g	地上部干质量 Dry weight aboveground/g	地下部干质量 Dry weight underground/g	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content/（mg·g^–1）
CK	28.08±1.73^ab	2.84±0.41^b	4.69±0.16^b	1.65±0.18^a	39.01±5.09^a
SYK24	31.70±0.68^a	3.50±0.24^a	5.76±0.70^a	1.65±0.10^a	40.52±1.28^a
SYN37	26.12±2.39^b	2.92±0.16^ab	4.71±0.14^b	1.61±0.08^a	37.56±1.85^a

处理 Treatment	总长度 Total length/cm	表面积 Surface area/cm²	体积 Volume/cm³	平均直径 Average diameter/mm	根尖数 Root tip number
CK	1237.69±68.73^b	470.53±18.47^a	31.82±2.98^a	1.22±0.47^a	1899.72±77.87^a
SYK24	1587.91±164.15^a	623.07±136.42^a	44.45±15.92^a	1.23±0.90^a	2242.96±660.12^a
SYN37	1531.52±100.80^a	561.79±28.68^a	33.63±3.08^a	1.15±0.04^a	2160.23±232.01^a

处理 Treatment	总长度 Total length/cm	表面积 Surface area/cm²	体积 Volume/cm³	平均直径 Average diameter/mm	根尖数 Root tip number
CK	1237.69±68.73^b	470.53±18.47^a	31.82±2.98^a	1.22±0.47^a	1899.72±77.87^a
SYK24	1587.91±164.15^a	623.07±136.42^a	44.45±15.92^a	1.23±0.90^a	2242.96±660.12^a
SYN37	1531.52±100.80^a	561.79±28.68^a	33.63±3.08^a	1.15±0.04^a	2160.23±232.01^a

橡胶树根际促生菌的分离鉴定及其对橡胶幼苗促生作用研究

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彭文涛 ¹ , 彭柯程 ¹^,² , 李安琪 ¹^,² , 程琳琳 ¹ , 王纪坤 ¹ , 周立军 ¹ , 安锋 ¹ , 谢贵水 ¹

热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2025,46(9): 2116-2126

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热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2025, 46(9): 2116-2126

橡胶树根际促生菌的分离鉴定及其对橡胶幼苗促生作用研究

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彭文涛¹, 彭柯程¹^,², 李安琪¹^,², 程琳琳¹, 王纪坤¹, 周立军¹, 安锋¹, 谢贵水¹

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所，海南海口　571101

^2.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南昆明　665099

彭文涛（1983—），男，博士，助理研究员，研究方向：微生物学；E-mail：dawentao@163.com。

Screening of Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacterium from Rhizosphere of Rubber Tree and Its Effect on the Growth of Rubber Tree Seedlings

Wentao PENG¹, Kecheng PENG¹^,², Anqi LI¹^,², Linlin CHENG¹, Jikun WANG¹, Lijun ZHOU¹, Feng AN¹, Guishui XIE¹

Affiliations

^1.Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China

^2.College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 665099, China

出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.009

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摘要

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植物根际细菌在植物养分吸收利用中扮演着重要角色，而农作物的高产与其根际活跃的功能菌群活动密切相关。本研究通过对超高产橡胶的根际土壤中的功能细菌进行分离、筛选和鉴定，以期找到对提升橡胶树产量有潜在应用价值的有益菌株。使用梯度稀释涂布和选择性培养基从云南省勐腊农场超高产橡胶树根际土壤中分离、纯化功能细菌60株，并对分离菌株的解磷、解钾、固氮能力以及产吲哚乙酸（IAA）、产铁载体、产ACC脱氨酶、产乙偶姻（3-羟基-2-丁酮，acetoin）等促生特性进行鉴定。16S rDNA序列分析表明，分离的菌株可归类为Burkholderia、Paraburkholderia、Caballeronia、Cupriavidus、Dyella、Pseudomonas、Silvania、Enterobacter、Escherichia、Raoultella、Pantoea和Bacillus 12个属，其中Burkholderia属有40株，占比66.67%，为绝对优势类群。通过橡胶苗盆栽对部分分离菌株的促生能力验证试验结果表明，菌株Enterobacter sp. SYK24对盆栽橡胶苗具有较好促生效果，橡胶苗全株鲜质量、地上部干质量、地下部干质量和根系长度分别较对照显著提高12.89%、23.24%、22.81%和28.30%。除全磷、速效钾较对照分别降低5.01%和18.98%外，SYK24处理未对其他土壤养分含量产生显著影响。Burkholderia sp. SYN37在试验期内对橡胶苗生物量增长无促进作用，且大幅消耗了土壤养分，其处理的土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾较对照分别下降了31.39%、22.73%和13.03%。本研究初步构建了一个超高产橡胶树根际功能细菌的小型菌种库，通过盆栽试验对2株功能菌的促生效果进行验证，为橡胶树专用微生物菌剂进一步开发应用提供科学依据。

关键词

植物根际 / 促生菌 / 橡胶树 / 促生作用

Abstract

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Plant rhizosphere bacteria play a crucial role in plant nutrient uptake and utilization, and the active functional microbial communities in the rhizosphere are closely associated with high yield of crops. This study aimed to isolate, screen and identify functional bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of super high-yield rubber trees to identify beneficial strains that could potentially enhance rubber tree productivity. Using gradient dilution plating and selective medium, 60 strains of functional bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of super high yield rubber trees in Mengla Farm, Yunnan province. The isolated strains were characterized for the abilities to solubilize phosphate and potassium, fix nitrogen, and for the plant growth-promoting traits, including the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, ACC deaminase, and acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone). 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the isolates could be classified into 12 genera, including Burkholderia, Paraburkholderia, Caballeronia, Cupriavidus, Dyella, Pseudomonas, Silvania, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Raoultella, Pantoea and Bacillus. Among these, Burkholderia was the dominant genus, comprising 40 strains (66.67%). Pot experiments with rubber seedlings demonstrated that the strain Enterobacter sp. SYK24 exhibited significant growth-promoting effects, with increases in whole plant fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, belowground dry weight and root length by 12.89%, 23.24%, 22.81% and 28.30%, respectively, compared to the control. The SYK24 treatment showed 5.01% and 18.98% reductions in total phosphorus and available potassium, respectively, compared to the control, while no statistically significant differences were observed in other soil nutrient contents. The strain Burkholderia sp. SYN37 did not promote biomass growth in rubber seedlings during the experimental period. SYN37 inoculation substantially depleted soil nutrients, resulting in reductions of soil organic matter by 31.39%, total nitrogen by 22.73%, and available potassium by 13.03% compared to the control. This study preliminarily established a small-scale functional bacterial strain library from the rhizosphere of super high-yield rubber trees, validated the growth-promoting effects of two functional strains through pot experiments, and would provide a scientific basis for the further development and application of microbial inoculants specifically tailored for rubber trees.

Key words

plant rhizosphere / growth-promoting bacterium / rubber tree / growth-promoting effect

引用本文

彭文涛, 彭柯程, 李安琪, 程琳琳, 王纪坤, 周立军, 安锋, 谢贵水. 橡胶树根际促生菌的分离鉴定及其对橡胶幼苗促生作用研究. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (9) : 2116 -2126 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.009

Wentao PENG, Kecheng PENG, Anqi LI, Linlin CHENG, Jikun WANG, Lijun ZHOU, Feng AN, Guishui XIE. Screening of Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacterium from Rhizosphere of Rubber Tree and Its Effect on the Growth of Rubber Tree Seedlings[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (9) : 2116 -2126 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.009

正文

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橡胶树（Hevea brasiliensis）原产巴西亚马逊热带雨林地区^[1]，其树皮割胶流出的胶乳制取的天然橡胶是四大工业原料之一，在国民经济运转、国家战略安全保障等多个方面具有不可替代的作用。中国是天然橡胶最大的消费国，2022年我国天然橡胶产量为85.3万t^[2]，进口量为197.78万t^[3]，对外依存度超过70%。因此，提升我国天然橡胶产量，提高天然橡胶自给率变得尤为重要。近年来多数的研究者通过栽培管理措施、遗传学选育等手段^[4-5]挖掘橡胶树自身的代谢潜力以提高产量，但对从与宿主植物营养吸收、生长发育和生理代谢等方面存在密切关联的根际促生微生物方面的研究开展不足。

根际微生物被认为是植物的第二基因组，这些微生物以寄生、共生和附生等形式存在于植物根系内部或者根系周围^[6]，通过分泌生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉素、ACC脱氨酶等植物生长调节剂，以及生物溶磷、溶钾、固氮和分泌铁载体等方式来改善植物营养状况^[7]，增加宿主植物对环境胁迫的抗性，促进植物的生长发育和提升作物生物量和产量^[8-9]。

位于云南省勐腊农场五分场2队的超高产橡胶芽接树为PR017品系，1963年定植，1970年开割，2005年统计单株年产干胶107.8 kg，创世界植胶史记录，是当地平均单株产量的15~20倍^[10]。国内学者从该超高产橡胶树的立地环境、生理生化特性、遗传信息和基因表达等多方面尝试对其高产原因进行分析^[10-15]，未得出明确结论。但割胶对橡胶树是一种营养元素剥夺，更高的产量意味着橡胶树需要从根系吸收更多的土壤养分以弥补割胶导致的营养元素损失，而活跃的根际功能微生物在根系的营养元素的转换吸收过程中发挥着必不可少的作用。

本研究以超高产橡胶树根际土壤样品为筛选材料，使用选择性培养基从中筛选具有溶磷、解钾和固氮特性的功能细菌，对分离菌株的产IAA、产铁载体、ACC分解和产乙偶姻等促生能力进行测定，并通过盆栽试验对部分筛选菌株的促生能力进行初步验证。研究结果为橡胶树专用微生物菌剂的进一步开发应用提供科学依据。

1　材料与方法

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1.1　材料

超高产橡胶树位于云南勐腊农场五分场2队。采集时以树干为中心，呈十字形在距树干1.5~2.0 m处挖取0~20 cm深度的树根，抖落法采集根际土，4 ℃低温保存带回实验室备用。盆栽橡胶苗为热研73397品系组培苗，由海南天然橡胶新型种植材料创新基地提供。盆栽用土为海南省儋州市本地红壤土，掺入10%体积品氏泥炭土（0~6 mm粒径）以增强土壤透气性。

培养基与试剂：LB培养基^[16]，解磷（PVK）培养基^[17]，解钾培养基^[18]，固氮（Ashby）培养基^[19]，NA培养基^[20]，DF液体培养基^[21]，MR-VP培养基^[22]；Salkowski试剂^[23]，CAS检测液^[24]。

1.2　方法

1.2.1　根际解磷、解钾和固氮菌株的分离、纯化和功能验证

称取根际土壤样品5 g，加入装有95 mL无菌水的三角瓶中，于30 ℃、200 r/min震荡分散20 min，此即为10^–1土壤悬浊液。依次进行梯度稀释，取10^–4、10^–5、10^–6、10^–7梯度悬浊液分别涂布于解磷、解钾和固氮培养基平板。30 ℃培养3~5 d后，挑选单克隆菌落在相应筛选培养基进行划线纯化培养，重复操作3次，能够连续稳定传代生长的判定其具有相应的解磷、解钾和固氮能力。将筛选的具备解磷、解钾或固氮能力的菌株分别接种于其余2种筛选培养基上并同样重复传代验证3次，以鉴定菌株是否具有另外2种养分有效性提升能力。

1.2.2　菌株其他促生能力鉴定

吲哚乙酸（IAA）测定：将过滤除菌的4 g/L L-色氨酸溶液加入到NA液体培养基至终浓度为0.5 g/L，菌液按1%接种量接种至该培养基，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h，取发酵液上清，参考MEKONNEN等^[20]和GOSWAMI等^[23]的方法进行检测，如溶液变红则判定为阳性。

铁载体测定：菌液按1%接种量接种至NA液体培养基，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h，取发酵液上清，参照JEON等^[24]的方法进行产铁载体能力检测，如混合液蓝色消退则判定为阳性。

ACC脱氨酶测定：参照SHAHZAD等^[21]的方法进行产ACC脱氨酶能力检测。菌液按1%接种量分别接种至DF液体培养基，以及添加终浓度为3.0 mmol/L 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）的DF液体培养基，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h，检测菌液OD₆₀₀吸光值，对比菌株能否分解利用ACC作为唯一氮源的生长情况，以评估其产ACC脱氨酶能力。

乙偶姻（3-羟基-2-丁酮，acetoin）测定：菌液以1%的接种量接种至MR-VP液体培养基，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h，取发酵液上清，参照VAN HOUDT等^[16]的方法进行产乙偶姻能力检测，如混合物显红色，则判定为阳性反应。

1.2.3　细菌的16S rDNA序列测定和系统发育分析

使用细菌基因组提取试剂盒［天根生化科技（北京）有限公司］提取菌株DNA，提取方法参照试剂盒说明书。采用通用引物27f（5′-AGA GTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3′），1492r（5′-CGGH TACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′）对菌株的16S rDNA序列进行PCR扩增。50 μL反应体系：DNA模板0.5 μL，2×PCR Mix 25 µL，上、下游引物各1 μL，ddH₂O 22.5 μL，扩增程序：94 ℃预变性3 min；94 ℃变性30 s，53 ℃退火30 s，72 ℃延伸60 s，共35个循环；72 ℃终末延伸10 min。扩增产物送测序公司进行测序，返回的序列信息在ezbiocloud数据库（https://www.ezbiocloud.net）中进行同源性分析比对。下载与供试菌株序列相似性接近的序列，使用Mega 5.0软件邻接法（Neighbor-joining）构建系统发育树，自展验证值（Bootstrap）为1000。测序序列整理后提交NCBI数据库。

1.2.4　菌株的生理生化鉴定和NaCl、pH耐受性测试

生理生化鉴定：参照《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》^[25]的方法对菌株进行生理生化特征的鉴定。盐浓度耐受性测试：调整LB培养基中NaCl用量使其终浓度分别达到1%、3%、5%、7%、9%，菌液按1%接种量接种于上述各浓度LB培养基中，每浓度重复3次，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h，OD₆₀₀检测吸光值并依此判断菌株生长状况。

pH耐受性测试：使用0.1 mol/L氢氧化钠或0.1 mol/L盐酸调节配制pH为2.0~11.0的LB培养基，过滤除菌以避免高温灭菌引起的pH改变。菌液按1%接种量接种于各梯度LB培养基中，每梯度重复3次，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h，OD₆₀₀检测吸光值并依此判断菌株生长状况。

1.2.5　橡胶苗盆栽促生试验

选择长势一致的橡胶组培苗进行盆栽试验，每处理重复3次，每重复8株幼苗。菌株活化后按1%接种量接种至LB液体培养基，于30 ℃、200 r/min培养48 h后，于5000 r/min离心5 min收集菌体沉淀，无菌水洗涤重悬2次并稀释至1×10⁸ CFU/mL，即为所用菌液。橡胶苗移栽后第1周、第3周进行灌根处理，每株菌液用量为200 mL，对照使用等量无菌水进行处理。试验持续90 d，于试验开始和结束时测量幼苗株高、地径，株高为土面距植株顶端分生点高度，地径为距土面2.5~3.0 cm处橡胶苗直径。试验结束时，使用SPAD-502Plus叶绿素仪测量叶片的叶绿素含量，称量法测量植株全株鲜质量。使用万深LA-S植物根系分析系统扫描并分析植株根系数据。烘干法测定地上部干质量、地下部干质量。采集盆栽土壤，参照《土壤农化分析》^[26]测定土壤主要理化指标。

1.3　数据处理

采用IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0软件进行数据统计、方差分析，采用Origin 9.0软件作图。

2　结果与分析

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2.1　橡胶树根际功能细菌的分离、促生功能验证和16S rDNA鉴定

从超高产橡胶树根际土壤中共计分离纯化菌株60株（表1）。其中，具有解磷功能的菌株有43株，占比71.67%；具有解钾功能的菌株有48株，占比80.00%；具有固氮功能的菌株有48株，占比80.00%；具有产IAA能力的菌株有18株，占比30.00%；具有产铁载体能力的菌株有30株，占比50.00%；具有产ACC脱氨酶活性的菌株有36株，占比60.00%；具有产乙偶姻能力的菌株有5株，占比8.33%。16S rDNA测序和比对结果表明，60株分离菌株可归类为12个属，其中Burkholderia 40株，占比66.67%，是分离菌株中的绝对优势类群。其余分离菌株中，Paraburkholderia 4株；Caballeronia 3株，Cupriavidus 1株，Dyella 2株，Pseudomonas 1株，Silvania 3株，Enterobacter 1株，Escherichia 1株，Raoultella 1株，Pantoea 2株，Bacillus 1株。

2.2　菌株的生理生化鉴定和系统发育分析

在具备解磷、解钾和固氮3个基本养分增强能力的菌株中，选择具有产IAA、产乙偶姻2项促生指标的SYK24，以及具有产铁载体、产IAA和ACC分解能力3项促生指标的SYN37开展生理生化鉴定和后续盆栽促生试验验证。

在LB固体平板上，SYK24菌落呈白色，圆形，湿润，边缘整齐，直径3.0~4.0 mm；SYN37菌落呈白色至淡黄色，圆形，湿润，边缘整齐，直径1.5~2.0 mm（图1）。SYK24和SYN37的生理生化鉴定结果见表2。SYK24在NaCl浓度5%以下，pH 4~10之间能够良好生长。SYN37在NaCl浓度3%以下，pH 4~9之间均能较好生长（图2）。

16S rDNA测序和对比结果表明，SYK24与E. huaxiensis 090008（MK049964）序列相似度最高，为99.64%，系统发育分析也显示，SYK24与E. huaxiensis 090008亲缘关系最为接近（图3）。SYN37与B. pyrrocinia DSM10685（CP011503）序列相似度最高，为99.93%，在系统发育关系上最为接近，聚为一簇（图4）。结合生理生化鉴定结果，将SYK24鉴定为Enterobacter属，将SYN37鉴定为Burkholderia属。

2.3　SYK24和SYN37菌株对盆栽橡胶苗的促生效果验证

2.3.1　SYK24、SYN37菌株处理对橡胶幼苗生长和生物量的影响

SYK24菌株处理显著促进橡胶幼苗生长，提升了橡胶幼苗的全株生物量。SYK24处理的橡胶幼苗的株高增长（39.22± 0.76）cm，地径增长（3.18±0.23）mm，分别较CK提高9.31%和31.95%。SYK24处理的橡胶幼苗的全株鲜质量为（31.70±0.68）g，地上部分干质量为（3.50±0.24）g，地下部干质量为（5.76±0.70）g，分别较CK增长12.89%、23.24%和22.81%（表3、表4、图5）。

2.3.2　SYK24和SYN37菌株处理对橡胶幼苗根系发育的影响

SYK24、SYN37均具有促进橡胶苗根系发育的作用。SYK24、SYN37处理的橡胶幼苗的每株平均根系总长度分别为（1587.91± 164.15）、（1531.52±100.80）cm，分别较对照增长28.30%、23.74%。SYK24、SYN37的根系总表面积和根尖数量也高于CK，但未达到显著性水平（表5）。

2.3.3　SYK24和SYN37菌株处理对盆栽橡胶幼苗土壤养分的影响

土壤养分含量测定结果表明，SYK24处理的盆栽土壤除全磷、速效钾较CK分别降低5.01%和18.98%外，对其他主要土壤养分含量无显著影响。SYN37施用则大幅度消耗了土壤碳氮，其盆栽处理土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾分别较CK下降了31.39%、22.73%和13.03%（表6）。

3　讨论

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在所有分离的60株橡胶树根际可培养功能细菌中，Burkholderia有40株，占比66.67%。分离的Paraburkholderia、Caballeronia、Caballeronia与Burkholderia同属Burkholderiaceae科，该科菌株共计48株，占分离菌株的80.00%。Burkholderia及其近缘属是橡胶树根际土壤中的功能细菌的绝对优势类群。Burkholderia细菌对酸性条件具有较好的耐受性^[27]，是热带植物根际、非根际土壤环境中的常见菌属^[28]。该属成员具有多样化的代谢通路和次级代谢产物^[29]，除溶磷、解钾和固氮等营养强化能力外，还具有产铁载体、IAA、ACC脱氨酶、氢氰酸、挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）等植物激素和抗生素等能力，是一类常见的植物益生菌类群^[30-31]。分离菌株中的Silvania、Escherichia、Raoultella、Pantoea和Enterobacter同属Enterobacterales科，菌株数量共计8株，占比13.33%，是菌株的第二大优势类群。其中，Enterobacter细菌广泛分布于水体、土壤、植物根际和人类肠道等多种环境中，该属细菌成员具有提高宿主生物量、增强宿主的适应性、抗盐胁迫和抗重金属胁迫等能力^[32]，被证明对水稻^[33]、小麦^[34]、大豆^[35]、甘蔗^[36]等多种作物的生物量和产量增长以及抗逆性提升具有显著促进作用。如从水稻根际分离E. asburiae D2菌株不仅提升了水稻幼苗在盐碱胁迫的耐受性，植株的株高、根长、地下部干质量和地上部干质量也分别较对照增长18.1%~34.7%、25.9%~57.1%、57.1%~150%和17.3%~50.4%^[37]。根际促生菌E. cloacae Rs-2除提升玉米幼苗的生物量外，可通过增强植株对土壤养分的利用效率从而减少50%的化肥施用量^[38]。

不同植物释放的根系分泌物具有差异性，可以通过根系释放特异性的碳水化合物、有机酸、脂肪酸、氨基酸、黄酮、多酚，甾醇等物质^[39]，从而选择性招募特定类型的根际细菌，以获得所需的根际微生物类群的功能性状^[40]。这意味着，从特定宿主植物根际筛选的促生菌在对宿主物种施用时可能比从其他植物根际获得的促生菌具备更强的定殖优势，能够更好地发挥作用^[41]。另外，我国主要植胶区位于海南、云南等热带酸性土壤地区^[42]，这也要求橡胶树根际促生菌对低pH具有一定的耐受能力，从而在施用后的土壤中始终保持较高活性以利于定殖。本研究从云南超高产橡胶树根际土壤环境中筛选的菌株Enterobacter sp. SYK24，在pH 4~10之间，NaCl浓度5%以下条件均能够良好生长，能够适应多数南方酸性红壤环境。SYK24菌株具有解磷、解钾、固氮、产IAA和产乙偶姻等促生能力。盆栽试验也证明，SYK24处理的橡胶幼苗的全株鲜质量、地上部干质量和地下部干质量分别较对照增长12.89%、23.24%和22.81%，对植株生长具有良好促进作用，具有较好应用潜力。

Burkholderia sp. SYN37灌根处理对橡胶幼苗的根系发育具有促进作用，提高了根系总长度，但植株地上地下部干物质积累与对照相比无显著差异。根际促生菌主要为富营养细菌，具有较高的最大生长速率，需要依靠植物根际分泌物、植物凋落物分解残体等物质作为外源碳源、氮源等进行异养生长^[39,43]。当菌株代谢能力过快，所处环境输入的碳源、氮源等物质供给不能满足需求时，则需要消耗土壤中原有养分以供生长繁殖。SYN37处理的土壤有机质、土壤总氮等土壤养分下降幅度较大，表明该菌株可能具有较高的代谢活性，大量消耗了土壤养分，这对植株生长存在不利影响。尽管该菌株具备解磷、解钾、固氮、产铁载体、产IAA和ACC分解等促生能力，对植株根系发育也有一定促进作用，但对定殖环境过高的营养需求和消耗可能压制了其对植株的促生作用。

4　结论

收起

从超高产橡胶树根际土壤分离纯化菌株60株，并对分离菌株的解磷、解钾、固氮能力以及产IAA、产铁载体、产ACC脱氨酶和产乙偶姻等促生特性进行鉴定。16S rDNA测序和比对结果表明，分离菌株可归类为12个属，其中Burkholderia菌株占比66.67%，是绝对优势类群。盆栽促生试验表明，菌株SYK24对橡胶幼苗的生长具有显著促进作用，其全株鲜质量、地上部干质量和地下部干质量分别较对照显著提高12.89%、23.24%和22.81%。生理生化分析表明该菌株具有可在NaCl浓度5%以下，pH 4~10之间正常生长，环境适应性良好，具有较好的潜在应用价值。研究结果为橡胶树专用微生物功能菌剂的开发应用提供菌种资源。

基金

收起

海南省自然科学基金项目(421RC753)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022022014)
国家天然橡胶产业技术体系(CARS33ZP1)

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2025年第46卷第9期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.009

接收时间：2025-03-24
首发时间：2026-03-07
出版时间：2025-09-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2025-03-24
录用日期：2025-04-30

基金

海南省自然科学基金项目(421RC753)

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022022014)

国家天然橡胶产业技术体系(CARS33ZP1)

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所，海南海口　571101

^2.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南昆明　665099

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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序号 No.	菌株 Strain	解磷 P solubilization	解钾 K solubilization	固氮 N fixation	铁载体 Siderophore	吲哚乙酸 IAA	ACC分解 ACC decomposition	乙偶姻 Acetoin	相近属种 Relativegenus	相似度 Similarity/%	NCBI登录号 NCBI accession number
1	SYPD02	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	Bacillus proteolyticus	99.52	PV424380
2	SYPD03	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	Silvania hatchlandensis	99.70	PV424381
3	SYPD05	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	Pseudomonas sesami	99.59	PV424382
4	SYK01	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424342
5	SYK04	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	Caballeronia terrestris	97.77	PV424343
6	SYK08	×	×	×	+	×	+	×	Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae	99.41	PV424344
7	SYK11	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.89	PV424345
8	SYK15	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.65	PV424346
9	SYK16	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	Cupriavidus agavae	98.74	PV424347
10	SYK17	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424348
11	SYK19	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424349
12	SYK21	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.41	PV424350
13	SYK22	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.51	PV424351
14	SYK23	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Pantoea allii	98.83	PV424352
15	SYK24	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	Enterobacter huaxiensis	99.64	PV424353
16	SYK25	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.51	PV424354
17	SYK26	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Paraburkholderia sabiae	99.65	PV424355
18	SYK29	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	Escherichia hermannii	98.24	PV424356
19	SYK31	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia ubonensis	99.09	PV424357
20	SYK32	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae	98.30	PV424358
21	SYK36	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	Dyella marensis	99.72	PV424359
22	SYK39	+	-	+	-	×	-	-	Dyella japonica	99.17	PV424360
23	SYK43	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424361
24	SYN01	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424362
25	SYN02	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424363
26	SYN03	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.40	PV424364
27	SYN04	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424365
28	SYN06	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424366
29	SYN09	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.55	PV424367
30	SYN11	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424368
31	SYN12	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424369
32	SYN18	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	Caballeronia concitans	99.09	PV424370
33	SYN22	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	Burkholderia territorii	99.51	PV424371
34	SYN25	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.63	PV424372
35	SYN26	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	Caballeronia grimmiae	99.37	PV424373
36	SYN28	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia stabilis	99.44	PV424374
37	SYN351	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424375
38	SYN352	×	+	×	+	-	+	×	Burkholderia aenigmatica	99.51	PV424376
39	SYN36	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Silvania confinis	99.55	PV424377
40	SYN37	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.58	PV424378
41	SYN43	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.71	PV424379
42	SYPP05	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.89	PV424383
43	SYPP06	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.70	PV424384
44	SYPP07	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	Silvania confinis	99.46	PV424385
45	SYPP09	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424386
46	SYPP11	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia sola	99.63	PV424387
47	SYPP13	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.48	PV424388
48	SYPP15	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.63	PV424389
49	SYPP16	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.77	PV424390
50	SYPP17	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Raoultella ornithinolytica	99.59	PV424391
51	SYPP18	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	Pantoea ananatis	99.49	PV424392
52	SYPP19	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	Paraburkholderia steynii	99.79	PV424393
53	SYPP20	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia pyrrocinia	99.90	PV424394
54	SYPP23	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia paludis	98.90	PV424395
55	SYPP24	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	Burkholderia orbicola	99.58	PV424396
56	SYPP27	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	Burkholderia paludis	99.39	PV424397
57	SYPP30	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	Burkholderia stabilis	99.61	PV424398
58	SYPP31	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Burkholderia ambifaria	99.09	PV424399
59	SYPP37	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	Burkholderia anthina	98.83	PV424400
60	SYPP52	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	Burkholderia cepacia	99.57	PV424401

序号
No.

菌株
Strain

解磷
P solubilization

解钾
K solubilization

固氮
N fixation

铁载体
Siderophore

吲哚乙酸
IAA

ACC分解
ACC decomposition

乙偶姻
Acetoin

相近属种
Relativegenus

相似度
Similarity/%

NCBI登录号
NCBI accession number

SYPD02

Bacillus proteolyticus

99.52

PV424380

SYPD03

Silvania hatchlandensis

99.70

PV424381

SYPD05

Pseudomonas sesami

99.59

PV424382

SYK01

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424342

SYK04

Caballeronia terrestris

97.77

PV424343

SYK08

Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae

99.41

PV424344

SYK11

Burkholderia ambifaria

99.89

PV424345

SYK15

Burkholderia pyrrocinia

99.65

PV424346

SYK16

Cupriavidus agavae

98.74

PV424347

SYK17

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424348

SYK19

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424349

SYK21

Burkholderia orbicola

99.41

PV424350

SYK22

Burkholderia pyrrocinia

99.51

PV424351

SYK23

Pantoea allii

98.83

PV424352

SYK24

Enterobacter huaxiensis

99.64

PV424353

SYK25

Burkholderia pyrrocinia

99.51

PV424354

SYK26

Paraburkholderia sabiae

99.65

PV424355

SYK29

Escherichia hermannii

98.24

PV424356

SYK31

Burkholderia ubonensis

99.09

PV424357

SYK32

Paraburkholderia ginsengiterrae

98.30

PV424358

SYK36

Dyella marensis

99.72

PV424359

SYK39

Dyella japonica

99.17

PV424360

SYK43

Burkholderia orbicola

99.55

PV424361

SYN01

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424362

SYN02

Burkholderia orbicola

99.55

PV424363

SYN03

Burkholderia pyrrocinia

99.40

PV424364

SYN04

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424365

SYN06

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424366

SYN09

Burkholderia orbicola

99.55

PV424367

SYN11

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424368

SYN12

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424369

SYN18

Caballeronia concitans

99.09

PV424370

SYN22

Burkholderia territorii

99.51

PV424371

SYN25

Burkholderia orbicola

99.63

PV424372

SYN26

Caballeronia grimmiae

99.37

PV424373

SYN28

Burkholderia stabilis

99.44

PV424374

SYN351

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424375

SYN352

Burkholderia aenigmatica

99.51

PV424376

SYN36

Silvania confinis

99.55

PV424377

SYN37

Burkholderia pyrrocinia

99.58

PV424378

SYN43

Burkholderia sola

99.71

PV424379

SYPP05

Burkholderia sola

99.89

PV424383

SYPP06

Burkholderia sola

99.70

PV424384

SYPP07

Silvania confinis

99.46

PV424385

SYPP09

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424386

SYPP11

Burkholderia sola

99.63

PV424387

SYPP13

Burkholderia orbicola

99.48

PV424388

SYPP15

Burkholderia orbicola

99.63

PV424389

SYPP16

Burkholderia ambifaria

99.77

PV424390

SYPP17

Raoultella ornithinolytica

99.59

PV424391

SYPP18

Pantoea ananatis

99.49

PV424392

SYPP19

Paraburkholderia steynii

99.79

PV424393

SYPP20

Burkholderia pyrrocinia

99.90

PV424394

SYPP23

Burkholderia paludis

98.90

PV424395

SYPP24

Burkholderia orbicola

99.58

PV424396

SYPP27

Burkholderia paludis

99.39

PV424397

SYPP30

Burkholderia stabilis

99.61

PV424398

SYPP31

Burkholderia ambifaria

99.09

PV424399

SYPP37

Burkholderia anthina

98.83

PV424400

SYPP52

Burkholderia cepacia

99.57

PV424401

项目Item	SYK24	SYN37	项目Item	SYK24	SYN37
葡萄糖	+	+	阿拉伯糖	+	-
麦芽糖	+	+	菊糖	-	-
鼠李糖	+	-	尿酶	-	-
木糖	+	+	硝酸盐	+	+
甘露醇	+	-	明胶液化	+	+
肌醇	-	-	动力穿刺	+	-
山梨醇	+	-	VP反应	+	+
蜜二糖	-	-	吲哚	+	+
棉籽糖	+	-	硫化氢	+	+
侧金盏花醇	+	-	鸟氨酸	+	+
柠檬酸盐	+	+	赖氨酸	+	+
乳糖	-	-	苯丙氨酸	-	-
半乳糖	+	+	氧化酶	-	+
蔗糖	+	-	过氧化氢酶	+	+
果糖	+	+

项目Item

SYK24

SYN37

项目Item

SYK24

SYN37

葡萄糖

阿拉伯糖

麦芽糖

菊糖

鼠李糖

尿酶

木糖

硝酸盐

甘露醇

明胶液化

肌醇

动力穿刺

山梨醇

VP反应

蜜二糖

吲哚

棉籽糖

硫化氢

侧金盏花醇

鸟氨酸

柠檬酸盐

赖氨酸

乳糖

苯丙氨酸

半乳糖

氧化酶

蔗糖

过氧化氢酶

果糖

处理 Treatment	初始株高 Initial plant height/cm	初始地径 Initial ground diameter/mm	终末株高 Final plant height/cm	终末地径 Final ground diameter/mm	株高增长 Plant height increment/cm	地径增长 Ground diameter increment/cm
CK	18.57±1.43^a	2.65±0.03^a	54.45±0.98^a	5.06±0.14^c	35.88±1.57^b	2.41±0.17^b
SYK24	18.30±1.97^a	2.58±0.13^a	57.52±2.72^a	5.76±0.12^a	39.22±0.76^a	3.18±0.23^a
SYN37	18.63±0.93^a	2.76±0.11^a	49.23±2.27^b	5.42±0.16^b	30.59±2.17^c	2.66±0.23^b

处理
Treatment

初始株高
Initial plant height/cm

初始地径
Initial ground diameter/mm

终末株高
Final plant height/cm

终末地径
Final ground diameter/mm

株高增长
Plant height increment/cm

地径增长
Ground diameter increment/cm

18.57±1.43^a

2.65±0.03^a

54.45±0.98^a

5.06±0.14^c

35.88±1.57^b

2.41±0.17^b

SYK24

18.30±1.97^a

2.58±0.13^a

57.52±2.72^a

5.76±0.12^a

39.22±0.76^a

3.18±0.23^a

SYN37

18.63±0.93^a

2.76±0.11^a

49.23±2.27^b

5.42±0.16^b

30.59±2.17^c

2.66±0.23^b

处理 Treatment	全株鲜质量 Whole-plant fresh weight/g	地上部干质量 Dry weight aboveground/g	地下部干质量 Dry weight underground/g	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content/（mg·g^–1）
CK	28.08±1.73^ab	2.84±0.41^b	4.69±0.16^b	1.65±0.18^a	39.01±5.09^a
SYK24	31.70±0.68^a	3.50±0.24^a	5.76±0.70^a	1.65±0.10^a	40.52±1.28^a
SYN37	26.12±2.39^b	2.92±0.16^ab	4.71±0.14^b	1.61±0.08^a	37.56±1.85^a

处理
Treatment

全株鲜质量
Whole-plant fresh weight/g

地上部干质量
Dry weight aboveground/g

地下部干质量
Dry weight underground/g

根冠比
Root shoot ratio

叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll content/（mg·g^–1）

28.08±1.73^ab

2.84±0.41^b

4.69±0.16^b

1.65±0.18^a

39.01±5.09^a

SYK24

31.70±0.68^a

3.50±0.24^a

5.76±0.70^a

1.65±0.10^a

40.52±1.28^a

SYN37

26.12±2.39^b

2.92±0.16^ab

4.71±0.14^b

1.61±0.08^a

37.56±1.85^a

处理 Treatment	总长度 Total length/cm	表面积 Surface area/cm²	体积 Volume/cm³	平均直径 Average diameter/mm	根尖数 Root tip number
CK	1237.69±68.73^b	470.53±18.47^a	31.82±2.98^a	1.22±0.47^a	1899.72±77.87^a
SYK24	1587.91±164.15^a	623.07±136.42^a	44.45±15.92^a	1.23±0.90^a	2242.96±660.12^a
SYN37	1531.52±100.80^a	561.79±28.68^a	33.63±3.08^a	1.15±0.04^a	2160.23±232.01^a

处理
Treatment

总长度
Total length/cm

表面积
Surface area/cm²

体积
Volume/cm³

平均直径
Average diameter/mm

根尖数
Root tip number

1237.69±68.73^b

470.53±18.47^a

31.82±2.98^a

1.22±0.47^a

1899.72±77.87^a

SYK24

1587.91±164.15^a

623.07±136.42^a

44.45±15.92^a

1.23±0.90^a

2242.96±660.12^a

SYN37

1531.52±100.80^a

561.79±28.68^a

33.63±3.08^a

1.15±0.04^a

2160.23±232.01^a

处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 SOM/（g·kg^–1）	全氮 Total nitrogen/（g·kg^–1）	全磷 Total phosphorus/（g·kg^–1）	全钾 Total potassium/（g·kg^–1）
CK	5.60±0.02^a	12.52±0.64^a	0.22±0.01^a	72.40±0.53^a	1.17±0.07^a
SYK24	5.57±0.06^a	10.23±1.55^ab	0.19±0.03^ab	68.77±0.95^b	1.07±0.01^a
SYN37	5.53±0.04^a	8.59±1.31^b	0.17±0.02^b	70.40±0.21^ab	1.19±0.11^a
处理Treatment	水解氮Hydrolyzable nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	硝态氮Nitrate nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	铵态氮Ammonium nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	速效磷Available P/（mg·kg^–1）	速效钾Available K/（mg·kg^–1）
CK	96.13±9.83^a	2.95±0.62^a	2.70±0.51^ab	19.81±2.91^a	175.49±12.59^a
SYK24	100.80±0.00^a	2.88±0.34^a	3.53±0.54^a	16.71±1.68^a	142.18±4.62^b
SYN37	91.47±5.83^a	7.05±4.44^a	2.38±0.38^b	17.17±1.71^a	152.63±11.83^b

处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 SOM/（g·kg^–1）	全氮 Total nitrogen/（g·kg^–1）	全磷 Total phosphorus/（g·kg^–1）	全钾 Total potassium/（g·kg^–1）
CK	5.60±0.02^a	12.52±0.64^a	0.22±0.01^a	72.40±0.53^a	1.17±0.07^a
SYK24	5.57±0.06^a	10.23±1.55^ab	0.19±0.03^ab	68.77±0.95^b	1.07±0.01^a
SYN37	5.53±0.04^a	8.59±1.31^b	0.17±0.02^b	70.40±0.21^ab	1.19±0.11^a
处理Treatment	水解氮Hydrolyzable nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	硝态氮Nitrate nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	铵态氮Ammonium nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	速效磷Available P/（mg·kg^–1）	速效钾Available K/（mg·kg^–1）
CK	96.13±9.83^a	2.95±0.62^a	2.70±0.51^ab	19.81±2.91^a	175.49±12.59^a
SYK24	100.80±0.00^a	2.88±0.34^a	3.53±0.54^a	16.71±1.68^a	142.18±4.62^b
SYN37	91.47±5.83^a	7.05±4.44^a	2.38±0.38^b	17.17±1.71^a	152.63±11.83^b

处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 SOM/（g·kg^–1）	全氮 Total nitrogen/（g·kg^–1）	全磷 Total phosphorus/（g·kg^–1）	全钾 Total potassium/（g·kg^–1）
CK	5.60±0.02^a	12.52±0.64^a	0.22±0.01^a	72.40±0.53^a	1.17±0.07^a
SYK24	5.57±0.06^a	10.23±1.55^ab	0.19±0.03^ab	68.77±0.95^b	1.07±0.01^a
SYN37	5.53±0.04^a	8.59±1.31^b	0.17±0.02^b	70.40±0.21^ab	1.19±0.11^a
处理Treatment	水解氮Hydrolyzable nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	硝态氮Nitrate nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	铵态氮Ammonium nitrogen/（mg·kg^–1）	速效磷Available P/（mg·kg^–1）	速效钾Available K/（mg·kg^–1）
CK	96.13±9.83^a	2.95±0.62^a	2.70±0.51^ab	19.81±2.91^a	175.49±12.59^a
SYK24	100.80±0.00^a	2.88±0.34^a	3.53±0.54^a	16.71±1.68^a	142.18±4.62^b
SYN37	91.47±5.83^a	7.05±4.44^a	2.38±0.38^b	17.17±1.71^a	152.63±11.83^b