Article(id=1237016039809142934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1237016039171608726, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741795200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1748188800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-05-26, onlineDate=1772857206537, onlineDateStr=2026-03-07, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772857206537, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772857206537, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772857206537, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1237016039171608726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='9', pageStart='2031', pageEnd='2286', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772857206385, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773049161445, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1237821157118890427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1237016039171608726, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1237821157118890428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1237016039171608726, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2031, endPage=2041, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1237016041671413912, articleId=1237016039809142934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Identification of Key Sucrose Degrading Enzymes and Gene Family Members Regulating the Soluble Sugar Content of Sweet Potato Storage Roots after Harvesting, columnId=1236256430337085821, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Omics & Biotechnology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

China is currently the largest sweet potato producer globally. The postharvest starch and soluble sugar (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) contents in storage roots not only influence sweet potato utilization and commercial value (including taste, nutritional quality, and food processing properties), but also affect sprouting, weight loss, and decay during storage and transportation. Studies on tubers/roots such as potato and carrot have demonstrated that vacuolar invertase (VIN) serves as the primary sucrose-cleaving enzyme determining postharvest sugar composition and content. However, the key sucrose-cleaving enzyme regulating postharvest sugar metabolism in sweet potato storage roots remains unclear. This study systematically investigated sugar metabolism characteristics in storage roots of ‘Kokei 14’, a major sweet potato cultivar in Hainan Province, under room temperature storage (25 ℃) and low-temperature storage (15 ℃), aiming to identify the principal sucrose-cleaving enzymes affecting postharvest sugar composition and content. Low-temperature storage enhanced preservation quality by reducing dry matter loss and sprouting rate through suppression of hexokinase (HK) activity and respiratory intensity. Compared with room temperature storage, low-temperature treatment induced greater increases in soluble sugar (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) content and more pronounced starch degradation, accompanied by significantly higher β-amylase activity, indicating that low-temperature storage promotes starch hydrolysis into soluble sugars. During room temperature storage, cell wall invertase (CWIN) and sucrose synthase (Sus) activities generally declined, while VIN activity initially increased before returning to baseline levels. Notably, cytoplasmic invertase (CIN) activity exhibited a continuous upward trend, suggesting CIN as the key sucrose-cleaving enzyme responsible for hexose accumulation under ambient conditions. Conversely, low-temperature storage induced continuous declines in all three invertase activities but progressively increased Sus activity, indicating Sus as the predominant enzyme mediating hexose accumulation under cold storage. Transcriptional analysis identified IbCIN4 as the key gene family members regulating CIN activity elevation at room temperature, while IbSus6 was determined as the primary regulator of Sus activity enhancement under low-temperature conditions. This study reveals that different postharvest storage temperature induces shifts in the predominant sucrose-cleaving enzymes governing hexose accumulation in sweetpotato storage roots. Notably, our findings contrast with previous reports on potato tubers under cold storage, demonstrating that Sus rather than VIN serves as the key enzyme regulating hexose content in sweetpotato roots under low-temperature conditions. The results would establish a theoretical foundation for future genetic engineering approaches to improve postharvest quality of sweetpotato storage roots.

, correspAuthors=Yonghua LIU, Guopeng ZHU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hanqi CHEN, Jiawang LI, Yonghua LIU, Guopeng ZHU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1237016044510957755, articleId=1237016039809142934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=调控甘薯块根采后可溶性糖含量关键蔗糖分解酶及其基因家族成员的鉴定, columnId=1236256430517440904, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=组学与生物技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目前中国是世界上最大的甘薯生产国,采后块根中淀粉和可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量不仅影响甘薯用途和商品性(如口感、营养品质和食品加工属性等),而且也会影响储运过程中的发芽、失重和腐烂变质等过程。对马铃薯和胡萝卜等块茎/块根的研究表明,液泡转化酶(VIN)是决定其采后糖分组成和含量的主要蔗糖分解酶。然而目前尚不清楚调控甘薯块根采后糖分组成和含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类。本研究以海南主栽甘薯品种高系14为材料,系统研究常温储藏(25 ℃)和低温储藏(15 ℃)下块根的糖分代谢特征,以鉴定出影响采后甘薯糖分组成和含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类。结果表明:(1)低温处理可通过抑制己糖激酶(HK)活性和呼吸强度降低干物质损失和发芽率,从而增强甘薯的耐储性。(2)和常温处理相比,低温处理下块根可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量的上升幅度更大,而淀粉含量下降的幅度相应也更大;同时,低温处理下块根中的β-淀粉酶活性显著高于常温处理,这表明低温储藏可促进淀粉水解为可溶性糖,从而提高块根中的可溶性糖含量。(3)常温储藏期间,细胞壁转化酶(CWIN)和蔗糖合成酶(Sus)活性整体呈现下降趋势,VIN活性呈现先升高后降至初始水平的趋势,只有细胞质转化酶(CIN)活性呈现不断上升的趋势,表明CIN为常温下导致己糖含量上升的关键蔗糖分解酶类;低温储藏期间,块根中3种转化酶的活性均呈现持续下降趋势,只有Sus活性呈现不断上升的趋势,表明Sus可能是低温下导致己糖含量上升的关键蔗糖分解酶类。(4)调控常温下CIN活性上升的主要基因家族成员为IbCIN4,而调控低温处理下Sus活性升高的主要基因家族成员为IbSus6。本研究发现采后储藏温度的不同会导致调控甘薯块根采后己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类发生变化。此外,本研究结果和前人在马铃薯块茎低温储藏中的研究结果不同,调控甘薯块根低温条件下己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶不是VIN,而是Sus。上述研究结果可为后续通过转基因技术等人工手段提高甘薯块根采后品质奠定理论基础。

, correspAuthors=刘永华, 朱国鹏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 刘永华(LIU Yonghua),E-mail:
朱国鹏(ZHU Guopeng),E-mail:
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陈汉奇(1995—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培技术和品质。

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陈汉奇(1995—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培技术和品质。

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陈汉奇(1995—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培技术和品质。

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Plant Physiology, 1991, 96(3): 887-891., articleTitle=Sucrose synthase expression during cold acclimation in wheat 1, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1237023461692994179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, awardId=32260440, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(32260440), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1237023461781074570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, awardId=2019RC146, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(2019RC146), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1237023461902709393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, awardId=CARS-10, language=CN, fundingSource=国家甘薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1237023453811896510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1237023453849645247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, companyId=1237023453811896510, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan 572022, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1237023453858033857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, companyId=1237023453811896510, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.海南大学南繁学院(三亚南繁研究院),海南三亚 572022)]), AuthorCompany(id=1237023453950308551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1237023453958697158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, companyId=1237023453950308551, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization)/Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1237023453967085770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, companyId=1237023453950308551, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.海南大学热带农林学院(农业农村学院、乡村振兴学院)/海南大学海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海南儋州 571737)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1237023458496934375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Changes of respiration intensity and dry matter content of sweet potato roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=anpSm+1ywsF49wmqeGdA/Q==, figureFileBig=MUSunaEn+mxMcCcCLYhV/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023458580820465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根呼吸强度和干物质含量变化

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=anpSm+1ywsF49wmqeGdA/Q==, figureFileBig=MUSunaEn+mxMcCcCLYhV/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023458715038202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Germination of sweet potato roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=k49sAdHctKJqfAnKBOJfbQ==, figureFileBig=I/43PdwXUaBTW2kg/hPDaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460153684479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根发芽情况

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=k49sAdHctKJqfAnKBOJfbQ==, figureFileBig=I/43PdwXUaBTW2kg/hPDaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460262736394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Change trend of sugar content in sweet potato roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=FYq4sNIGRqrHZZB7zT5+UQ==, figureFileBig=Ne5ce8lcrIt6seFColYVsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460359205397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根糖分含量变化趋势

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=FYq4sNIGRqrHZZB7zT5+UQ==, figureFileBig=Ne5ce8lcrIt6seFColYVsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460506006048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Change trend of hexokinase and β-amylase activity of sweetpotato storage roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=a8s7pDQ/YxUDpRTUKRX2Qg==, figureFileBig=A+WHhTUBeVTT9OqderWLGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460631835181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根己糖激酶和β-淀粉酶活性变化趋势

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=a8s7pDQ/YxUDpRTUKRX2Qg==, figureFileBig=A+WHhTUBeVTT9OqderWLGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460745081397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Change trend of sucrose decomposing enzyme activity in sweet potato storage roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=HcckqwgnXTu1YE/+BlyRAg==, figureFileBig=ANqoKnaNKcgoRlJ1Yqbc6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460841550399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根蔗糖分解酶活性变化趋势

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=HcckqwgnXTu1YE/+BlyRAg==, figureFileBig=ANqoKnaNKcgoRlJ1Yqbc6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023460950602313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Variation trend of expression level of CIN gene family members in sweet potato storage roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=/iSuEWNV5q5Q5OuXW4VG/Q==, figureFileBig=FRDHl5rV/pn6MrIywaBBOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023461076431444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根CIN基因家族成员表达水平变化趋势

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=/iSuEWNV5q5Q5OuXW4VG/Q==, figureFileBig=FRDHl5rV/pn6MrIywaBBOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023461168706141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Variation trend of the expression level of Sus gene family members in sweet potato storage roots under different storage temperature

* indicates significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference between low temperature treatment and normal temperature treatment (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=A4BD4olAQzh36Ni1fz0MJQ==, figureFileBig=MvO546hiWkc1lQmJ6Xlz/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023461269369446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同储藏温度条件下甘薯块根Sus基因家族成员表达水平变化趋势

*表示低温处理和常温处理间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示低温处理和常温处理间差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=A4BD4olAQzh36Ni1fz0MJQ==, figureFileBig=MvO546hiWkc1lQmJ6Xlz/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1237023461399392878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Primers sequence information

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因名称
Gene name
登录号
Accession No.
正向引物(5ʹ-3ʹ)
Forward primer(5ʹ-3ʹ)
反向引物(5ʹ-3ʹ)
Reverse primer(5ʹ-3ʹ)
产物长度
Amplicon length/bp
IbCIN4g13714.t1ACTGAGTGAAATGTCCGTTGGGAGTTGCGGGTGGAAGAAA108
IbCIN8g25759.t1GAATGGATGCCGAATAAAGGACCGTGGCAAGACTGCTGACTA115
IbCIN11g41717.t1AGCACGACGAAGAAAGTAGGGTCGAGTTGGCATGAAATCAAA215
IbSus2g5497.t1CATACCTCTTTCACCTTGCCAGTCAGTGTACCGATGTGCTCATC208
IbSus5g31210.t1TTATCATCACCAGCACTTTCCAGTCAGCCTCTTCTCCTTCTCAG202
IbSus6g55056.t1ATGTTGTCATTCTTTCCCCCCCGCTTAATCATCTCACGCTCC127
IbSus7g55074.t1GTTCACCAATACAAGGGCAAGGGGTTGGAGGGTCGTTAGATA111
IbSus9g60893.t1ATAGCCTCCGTGAGCGTCTTATCCCCGAGTTTTTCCTTGT164
), ArticleFig(id=1237023461483278963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1237016039809142934, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

引物序列信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因名称
Gene name
登录号
Accession No.
正向引物(5ʹ-3ʹ)
Forward primer(5ʹ-3ʹ)
反向引物(5ʹ-3ʹ)
Reverse primer(5ʹ-3ʹ)
产物长度
Amplicon length/bp
IbCIN4g13714.t1ACTGAGTGAAATGTCCGTTGGGAGTTGCGGGTGGAAGAAA108
IbCIN8g25759.t1GAATGGATGCCGAATAAAGGACCGTGGCAAGACTGCTGACTA115
IbCIN11g41717.t1AGCACGACGAAGAAAGTAGGGTCGAGTTGGCATGAAATCAAA215
IbSus2g5497.t1CATACCTCTTTCACCTTGCCAGTCAGTGTACCGATGTGCTCATC208
IbSus5g31210.t1TTATCATCACCAGCACTTTCCAGTCAGCCTCTTCTCCTTCTCAG202
IbSus6g55056.t1ATGTTGTCATTCTTTCCCCCCCGCTTAATCATCTCACGCTCC127
IbSus7g55074.t1GTTCACCAATACAAGGGCAAGGGGTTGGAGGGTCGTTAGATA111
IbSus9g60893.t1ATAGCCTCCGTGAGCGTCTTATCCCCGAGTTTTTCCTTGT164
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调控甘薯块根采后可溶性糖含量关键蔗糖分解酶及其基因家族成员的鉴定
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陈汉奇 1, 2 , 李嘉旺 1, 2 , 刘永华 1, 2, * , 朱国鹏 1, 2, *
热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2025,46(9): 2031-2041
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热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2025, 46(9): 2031-2041
调控甘薯块根采后可溶性糖含量关键蔗糖分解酶及其基因家族成员的鉴定
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陈汉奇1, 2, 李嘉旺1, 2, 刘永华1, 2, * , 朱国鹏1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学南繁学院(三亚南繁研究院),海南三亚 572022
  • 2.海南大学热带农林学院(农业农村学院、乡村振兴学院)/海南大学海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海南儋州 571737
  • 陈汉奇(1995—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培技术和品质。

通讯作者:

* 刘永华(LIU Yonghua),E-mail:
朱国鹏(ZHU Guopeng),E-mail:
Identification of Key Sucrose Degrading Enzymes and Gene Family Members Regulating the Soluble Sugar Content of Sweet Potato Storage Roots after Harvesting
Hanqi CHEN1, 2, Jiawang LI1, 2, Yonghua LIU1, 2, * , Guopeng ZHU1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan 572022, China
  • 2.School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization)/Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.001
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目前中国是世界上最大的甘薯生产国,采后块根中淀粉和可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量不仅影响甘薯用途和商品性(如口感、营养品质和食品加工属性等),而且也会影响储运过程中的发芽、失重和腐烂变质等过程。对马铃薯和胡萝卜等块茎/块根的研究表明,液泡转化酶(VIN)是决定其采后糖分组成和含量的主要蔗糖分解酶。然而目前尚不清楚调控甘薯块根采后糖分组成和含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类。本研究以海南主栽甘薯品种高系14为材料,系统研究常温储藏(25 ℃)和低温储藏(15 ℃)下块根的糖分代谢特征,以鉴定出影响采后甘薯糖分组成和含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类。结果表明:(1)低温处理可通过抑制己糖激酶(HK)活性和呼吸强度降低干物质损失和发芽率,从而增强甘薯的耐储性。(2)和常温处理相比,低温处理下块根可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量的上升幅度更大,而淀粉含量下降的幅度相应也更大;同时,低温处理下块根中的β-淀粉酶活性显著高于常温处理,这表明低温储藏可促进淀粉水解为可溶性糖,从而提高块根中的可溶性糖含量。(3)常温储藏期间,细胞壁转化酶(CWIN)和蔗糖合成酶(Sus)活性整体呈现下降趋势,VIN活性呈现先升高后降至初始水平的趋势,只有细胞质转化酶(CIN)活性呈现不断上升的趋势,表明CIN为常温下导致己糖含量上升的关键蔗糖分解酶类;低温储藏期间,块根中3种转化酶的活性均呈现持续下降趋势,只有Sus活性呈现不断上升的趋势,表明Sus可能是低温下导致己糖含量上升的关键蔗糖分解酶类。(4)调控常温下CIN活性上升的主要基因家族成员为IbCIN4,而调控低温处理下Sus活性升高的主要基因家族成员为IbSus6。本研究发现采后储藏温度的不同会导致调控甘薯块根采后己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类发生变化。此外,本研究结果和前人在马铃薯块茎低温储藏中的研究结果不同,调控甘薯块根低温条件下己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶不是VIN,而是Sus。上述研究结果可为后续通过转基因技术等人工手段提高甘薯块根采后品质奠定理论基础。

甘薯  /  蔗糖代谢  /  低温储藏  /  蔗糖分解酶

China is currently the largest sweet potato producer globally. The postharvest starch and soluble sugar (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) contents in storage roots not only influence sweet potato utilization and commercial value (including taste, nutritional quality, and food processing properties), but also affect sprouting, weight loss, and decay during storage and transportation. Studies on tubers/roots such as potato and carrot have demonstrated that vacuolar invertase (VIN) serves as the primary sucrose-cleaving enzyme determining postharvest sugar composition and content. However, the key sucrose-cleaving enzyme regulating postharvest sugar metabolism in sweet potato storage roots remains unclear. This study systematically investigated sugar metabolism characteristics in storage roots of ‘Kokei 14’, a major sweet potato cultivar in Hainan Province, under room temperature storage (25 ℃) and low-temperature storage (15 ℃), aiming to identify the principal sucrose-cleaving enzymes affecting postharvest sugar composition and content. Low-temperature storage enhanced preservation quality by reducing dry matter loss and sprouting rate through suppression of hexokinase (HK) activity and respiratory intensity. Compared with room temperature storage, low-temperature treatment induced greater increases in soluble sugar (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) content and more pronounced starch degradation, accompanied by significantly higher β-amylase activity, indicating that low-temperature storage promotes starch hydrolysis into soluble sugars. During room temperature storage, cell wall invertase (CWIN) and sucrose synthase (Sus) activities generally declined, while VIN activity initially increased before returning to baseline levels. Notably, cytoplasmic invertase (CIN) activity exhibited a continuous upward trend, suggesting CIN as the key sucrose-cleaving enzyme responsible for hexose accumulation under ambient conditions. Conversely, low-temperature storage induced continuous declines in all three invertase activities but progressively increased Sus activity, indicating Sus as the predominant enzyme mediating hexose accumulation under cold storage. Transcriptional analysis identified IbCIN4 as the key gene family members regulating CIN activity elevation at room temperature, while IbSus6 was determined as the primary regulator of Sus activity enhancement under low-temperature conditions. This study reveals that different postharvest storage temperature induces shifts in the predominant sucrose-cleaving enzymes governing hexose accumulation in sweetpotato storage roots. Notably, our findings contrast with previous reports on potato tubers under cold storage, demonstrating that Sus rather than VIN serves as the key enzyme regulating hexose content in sweetpotato roots under low-temperature conditions. The results would establish a theoretical foundation for future genetic engineering approaches to improve postharvest quality of sweetpotato storage roots.

Ipomoea batatas  /  sucrose metabolism  /  low temperature storage  /  sucrose decomposing enzyme
陈汉奇, 李嘉旺, 刘永华, 朱国鹏. 调控甘薯块根采后可溶性糖含量关键蔗糖分解酶及其基因家族成员的鉴定. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (9) : 2031 -2041 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.001
Hanqi CHEN, Jiawang LI, Yonghua LIU, Guopeng ZHU. Identification of Key Sucrose Degrading Enzymes and Gene Family Members Regulating the Soluble Sugar Content of Sweet Potato Storage Roots after Harvesting[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (9) : 2031 -2041 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.001
甘薯(Ipomoea batatas Lam.)属旋花科一年生或多年生草本块根植物,其膨大的块根富含淀粉和可溶性糖,不仅可以作为主粮和饲料,而且可以用于鲜食和食品加工[1]。甘薯兼具粮食作物和经济作物的特点,同时,其块根和茎叶还具有一定的抗癌作用,被医学界称为抗癌蔬菜[2-3]。我国是甘薯种植大国,根据联合国粮农组织(FAO)统计显示,目前我国甘薯种植面积和产量分别为237万hm2和5200万t,分别占全世界种植面积和产量的32%和57%,稳居世界第一。
目前我国甘薯运输以常温运输和储藏为主,然而由于甘薯块根体积较大、水分含量高,采收后在常温下贮藏呼吸强度增加,淀粉会分解为蔗糖和己糖(葡萄糖和果糖),且极易发生失水、发芽、糠心和腐烂变质等问题,在很大程度上会降低甘薯的品质和商品性[4]。特别是甘薯在16~ 35 ℃的储运环境下极易发芽,原因为甘薯收获时块根周皮下已分化形成大量潜伏的不定芽原基,是幼芽的基础组织,起源于薯块的中柱鞘或韧皮部的薄壁细胞,通过分裂发育成为芽的生长点,再长大成为幼芽,且发生位置无规律[5]。商家只能在上货架前先进行手工剪芽处理再销售,浪费了大量人工及时间成本。此外,对于水分含量高、易伤且薯型不规则的甘薯而言,搬运和存放不当也会严重损坏甘薯的商品性,在甘薯从采后到餐桌的过程中,其损失率约15%~65%[6]
低温储藏在生产上较为常用,可在一定程度上减缓储藏过程中甘薯品质的劣变速度。在采后储运特别是低温储运过程中,甘薯块根中的大分子淀粉会被转化为可溶性糖(蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖)[4]。研究表明,甘薯块根在采后不同温度储运过程中的糖代谢会导致块根在糖分组成和含量上发生较大的变化,从而影响其用途和商品性(如口感、营养品质和食品加工属性等)[7];此外,块根中的糖代谢还会影响储运过程中的发芽、呼吸、失重和腐烂变质等过程[8]。因此,系统研究甘薯采后储藏过程中的糖代谢将有助于对甘薯采后的品质进行人工调控。KROCHMAL-MARCZAK等[9]的研究也表明,在15 ℃条件下储藏,有助于减少甘薯块根因发芽、蒸腾、呼吸和腐烂导致的重量损失。
蔗糖分解酶在植物生长发育和生物代谢中发挥着重要作用,不仅可提供碳骨架和能量,且蔗糖分解产生的己糖还可作为信号分子调控相关基因表达,从而影响植物生长发育进程[10]。植物体内有两大类分解蔗糖的酶:转化酶(invertase,INV)和蔗糖合成酶(sucrose synthase,Sus)。根据亚细胞定位的不同,转化酶可进一步细分为细胞壁转化酶(cell wall invertase,CWIN)、液泡转化酶(vacuolar invertase,VIN)和细胞质转化酶(cytosolic invertase,CIN)[11]
大量研究表明,蔗糖分解酶会影响采收前后块根/块茎中淀粉和可溶性糖的含量,从而影响其品质和食品加工属性。如利用反义RNA技术下调马铃薯中Sus的表达会导致块茎中淀粉含量的下降[12-13]。通过转基因手段下调胡萝卜中VIN的表达会降低肉质根中己糖含量[14-15]。在甘薯上,对不同甘薯品种的研究发现,VIN活性和块根中己糖含量呈显著正相关[16-17]。甘薯SRF1基因编码一个Dof转录因子,SRF1在甘薯中的超表达可通过抑制VIN的表达从而降低块根中的己糖含量[18-19]
迄今为止,国内外的研究大多集中在对采后甘薯块根中淀粉和糖分含量的研究,缺乏对采后甘薯块根中蔗糖分解酶活性和表达水平的系统研究[7]。仅有的有关甘薯块根蔗糖分解酶的研究也主要集中于VIN活性和表达上,主要研究VIN对采后甘薯块根中己糖含量的影响,缺乏对其他3种蔗糖分解酶的研究[1619]
此外,采后储藏过程中甘薯块根糖分含量的变化趋势在不同甘薯品种间存在较大差异[1921]。目前海南种植的甘薯品种主要以来源于日本的品种高系14为主,其产量约占海南甘薯总产量的90%以上。在生产实践中,甘薯块根在进行低温储藏前通常在采收后于25~30 ℃温度和85%相对湿度条件下放置5~10 d进行愈伤处理,一方面促进甘薯表皮的愈合,另一方面实现“糖化”效果,即促进淀粉转化为可溶性糖以增加块根甜度和品质。甘薯低温储藏温度一般介于13~15 ℃之间[16,19-20],海南在甘薯生产上为了尽量降低制冷成本,储藏温度一般设置在该范围的上限即15 ℃。因此,本研究以海南甘薯主栽品种高系14为研究对象,系统研究常温(25 ℃)和低温(15 ℃)储藏条件下甘薯块根发芽率、呼吸速率、失重率、淀粉和可溶性糖含量及4种蔗糖分解酶活性的动态变化趋势,鉴定影响采后甘薯可溶性糖含量的关键蔗糖分解酶种类及其基因家族成员,为后续通过转基因技术等人工手段提高甘薯品质和耐储性提供理论依据。
供试材料为海南甘薯主栽品种高系14,于2024年4月6日购自海南文昌木兰湾生态农业有限公司,该品种为高淀粉鲜食型品种,购买后置于实验室中通风晾置24 h,然后根据每个采样阶段设置25 ℃常温处理与15 ℃低温处理。低温处理:在甘薯采摘晾置24 h后移入人工气候培养箱储藏,设置温度为15 ℃,湿度为85%。常温处理:甘薯于实验室通风晾置24 h后,平铺无重叠地置于密封储物箱内,温度为25 ℃,湿度为85%。分别于储藏后5、10、15、20、25 d对甘薯块根进行取样,用于生理指标测定的样品每个取样量为0.2 g,用于RNA提取的样品每个取样量为0.3 g,每个时期分别进行取样后在液氮中速冻处理并存于‒80 ℃超低温冰箱中备用。
采用计数法测定发芽率,以甘薯出现可见的芽点(大于2 mm)即为发芽,发芽率=(发芽甘薯个数/总甘薯个数)×100%。根据KING[22]等的酶学方法测定不同时期甘薯块根中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和淀粉含量。根据SMITH等[23]的酶学方法来测定不同时期甘薯块根中淀粉的含量。根据TOMLINSON等[24]的方法测定不同时期甘薯块根中CWIN、CIN、VIN、Sus活性,根据试剂盒方法测定不同时期块根中HK、β‒淀粉酶活性。使用顶空气体分析仪测定块根呼吸强度,测量甘薯在密闭容器中释放的CO2和消耗的O2,根据CO2和O2浓度变化计算甘薯的呼吸速,呼吸速率以mg/(kg·h)为单位表示。
使用总RNA提取试剂盒(天根RNAprep Pure多糖多酚植物总RNA提取试剂盒)提取对照组与处理组甘薯各储藏阶段块根总RNA,使用超微量分光光度计测定总RNA浓度与质量,通过电泳凝胶检查RNA总完整性。以高质量RNA作为模板,使用逆转录试剂盒(诺维赞HiScript Ⅲ All in one RT SuperMix Perfect for qPCR)合成cDNA;以甘薯块根ACTIN基因为内参基因,根据前人已发表及本课题组筛选和设计8个关键蔗糖分解酶基因的特异性引物(表1)进行qRT-PCR分析。反应程序为:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性5 s,60 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸30 s,40个循环。采用2‒ΔΔCt法对qRT-PCR的测定结果进行计算。
使用Excel 2022软件制图,通过SPSS 26.0软件的t-test功能进行差异显著性分析。
在整个储藏期内,常温处理和低温处理块根的呼吸强度均呈缓慢下降趋势(图1A),不同的是低温处理块根的呼吸强度在整个储藏期内均显著低于常温处理。不同温度处理块根的干物质含量均呈现持续下降趋势,但是低温处理的下降速度更慢,这导致低温处理块根的干物质含量在10~25 d均显著高于常温处理(图1B)。因此,低温处理可能通过抑制呼吸强度来减少块根中的干物质损失。
随着储藏时间的增加,块根发芽率在低温和常温处理下均呈逐渐上升趋势(图2A)。与常温处理相比,低温处理显著抑制块根发芽率;常温处理下,块根在采后25 d的发芽率高达100%,而低温处理块根在25 d后的发芽率仅为18.75%。
此外,随着储藏时间的增加,单个块根上的发芽数量在低温和常温处理下均呈逐渐上升趋势(图2B)。与常温相比,低温处理下单个块根芽点数显著减少,常温处理下单个块根芽点数在25 d时高达10个,而低温处理下仅为1.25个。因此,低温处理可显著抑制甘薯块根在储藏期间的发芽。
常温和低温处理下甘薯块根的可溶性糖(蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖)与淀粉含量的测定结果(图3)发现,低温处理对可溶性糖和淀粉含量变化趋势和相对含量影响较大。无论是在常温还是低温条件下,甘薯块根中的葡萄糖和果糖含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,且低温处理下果糖含量出现下降的时间(20 d)要晚于常温处理(15 d)(图3A图3B);此外,与常温处理相比,低温处理显著增加了块根储藏早期(5~15 d)的葡萄糖含量和整个储藏期间(0~25 d)的果糖含量。
无论是在常温还是低温条件下,甘薯块根中的蔗糖含量也均呈先上升后下降的趋势,且低温下蔗糖含量下降的时间(20 d)要晚于常温处理(10 d)(图3C)。与常温相比,低温处理显著增加了块根中的蔗糖含量。
淀粉含量在常温和低温条件下的变化趋势不同,常温下淀粉含量呈先略微上升后逐渐下降的趋势,而低温条件下则呈持续快速下降的趋势;与常温处理相比,低温处理导致整个储藏期间块根中的淀粉含量显著下降(图3D)。
综上,低温处理虽然未改变整个储藏期间可溶性糖含量的整体变化趋势,但却改变其淀粉含量的变化趋势;此外,与常温相比,低温处理增加块根的可溶性糖含量,但却降低其淀粉含量。
蔗糖分解为葡萄糖和果糖后,经己糖激酶(hexose kinase,HK)磷酸化后才能进入呼吸途径用于植物的生长代谢。上述结果表明,与常温相比,低温处理增加了块根中的葡萄糖和果糖,为了评估这些己糖的增加能否促进己糖的利用,本研究对HK活性进行测定。结果表明,常温处理下HK活性先呈逐渐上升趋势,在20 d时开始略微下降;低温处理下,HK活性先呈下降趋势(0~10 d),后期(10~25 d)呈略微上升趋势(图4A)。与常温处理相比,低温处理显著抑制块根的HK活性,即在储藏后期低温处理块根的HK活性显著低于常温处理。这和在蔗糖含量上的发现类似,不同的是其效应仅存在于储藏后期(15~25 d)(图3C)。
β-淀粉酶活性的测定结果(图4B)表明,常温处理下其活性呈先略微上升后逐渐下降的趋势;而低温处理下,其活性呈持续缓慢上升的趋势。与常温相比,低温处理下的块根在储藏后期(10~25 d)具有更高的β-淀粉酶活性,表明低温对甘薯块根的β-淀粉酶活性具有促进效应。
由于低温处理对可溶性糖含量产生较大的影响,因此本研究对块根中的蔗糖分解酶进行测定,以期发现调控可溶性糖含量的关键蔗糖分解酶。结果表明,常温和低温处理下块根CWIN活性均呈持续下降的趋势(图5A);此外,低温处理对CWIN活性产生抑制作用,特别是在10 d和20 d,低温处理块根的CWIN活性显著低于常温处理。
低温显著改变了CIN和VIN活性在储藏期间的变化趋势,CIN由常温下的持续上升趋势改变为低温下持续下降的趋势,VIN则由常温下的先略微上升后小幅下降的趋势改为低温下的持续下降趋势,这导致在整个储藏期内低温处理的块根CIN和VIN活性显著低于常温(图5B图5C)。
低温处理也改变了块根储藏期间Sus活性的变化趋势,即Sus活性由常温下先上升后下降改变为低温下持续上升的趋势(图5D);低温处理导致Sus活性在储藏早期(5 d)显著低于常温,而在储藏后期(10~25 d)显著高于常温。
综上,低温处理对块根储藏期间的蔗糖分解酶活性产生显著影响,低温处理抑制了3种转化酶的活性,但提高了Sus活性。
本研究团队前期对甘薯CIN和Sus基因家族成员在不同组织部位表达水平的测定表明,在块根中高表达的CIN基因有3个,分别是IbCIN4IbCIN8IbCIN11[25];在块根中高表达的Sus基因有5个,分别是IbSus2IbSus5、IbSus6、IbSus7IbSus9[26]。为确定不同储藏温度下调控CIN和Sus活性的关键基因家族成员,本研究对上述8个基因的表达水平进行测定,结果表明低温处理下IbCIN4IbCIN8的表达水平呈下降趋势,只有IbCIN11表达呈上升趋势,这与低温下CIN活性的变化趋势基本一致(图6A~图6C);常温处理下,只有IbCIN4的表达水平呈上升趋势(图6A),而IbCIN8IbCIN11的表达水平呈下降趋势(图6B图6C),这表明IbCIN4是调控常温下CIN活性上升的主要基因家族成员。
在5个Sus基因中,只有IbSus2IbSus6在常温和低温处理下的表达水平有差异(图7),其他3个基因的表达水平在不同储藏温度下无显著差异(未列出)。只有IbSus6的表达水平在低温下呈逐渐上升趋势且显著高于常温处理,因此IbSus6可能是调控低温处理下Sus活性升高的主要基因家族成员。
甘薯块根采后糖分代谢会导致块根中糖分(如淀粉、蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖等)组成和含量发生变化,这不仅会影响块根的用途和品质(如口感、营养品质和食品加工属性等),还会影响储运过程中的发芽、呼吸、失重和腐烂变质等过程[7-8]。研究表明,不同品种甘薯块根在采后储藏过程中糖含量特别是可溶性糖含量的变化趋势并不完全相同。如国内对6个甘薯品种的研究表明,在采后10 d的常温储藏期内,有5个品种的总可溶性糖含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,但有1个品种呈不断上升的趋势;1个品种的淀粉含量呈先上升后下降趋势,3个品种的淀粉含量呈先下降后上升趋势,其余2个品种呈先稳定后略微上升趋势[21]。国外对6个甘薯品种块根低温(15.6 ℃)储藏46 d后,发现4个品种块根的蔗糖含量呈不断上升的趋势,其余2个品种则呈先下降后上升趋势;4个品种的可溶性糖含量呈不断上升趋势,2个品种则呈先下降后上升趋势[20]。因此本研究对海南主栽甘薯品种高系14采后常温(25 ℃)和低温(15 ℃)储藏条件下块根中的糖分代谢特征进行测定和分析,以揭示该品种采后块根糖分含量的变化特征,以及影响糖分含量的关键蔗糖分解酶种类及其基因家族成员,为我国特别是海南甘薯产业的健康发展奠定理论基础。
本研究发现低温处理可显著提升甘薯的耐储性。低温处理显著降低块根的呼吸强度,同时减少块根的干物质损失。低温处理还显著抑制块根的发芽,这可能是通过抑制己糖激酶活性,从而减少己糖进入发芽代谢途径来实现的。
其次,不同温度处理下糖分含量的变化趋势和相对含量不同。不同储藏温度对可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)在储藏期间的变化趋势影响不大,但会改变淀粉含量的变化趋势。常温和低温处理下,可溶性糖含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势。常温处理块根淀粉含量呈先略微上升后逐渐下降趋势,而低温处理下则呈持续快速下降趋势。
经过2种温度储藏后块根的可溶性糖含量均明显上升,同时淀粉含量明显下降,这和前人在甘薯上的研究结果相同[19-20]。值得注意的是,与常温处理相比,经过低温储藏后块根可溶性糖特别是果糖和蔗糖含量的上升幅度更大,而淀粉含量下降的幅度相应也更大,表明低温储藏可促进甘薯块根中淀粉向可溶性糖的转变,这和在马铃薯上的研究结果相同[12,27-28]。与和常温储藏块根相比,低温储藏块根在储藏期间(10~25 d)具有更高的β-淀粉酶活性,表明低温储藏确实可以促进淀粉水解为可溶性糖。上述结果还表明,生产上利用25~30 ℃进行5~10 d的愈伤处理时并不能实现很好的“糖化”效果,因此在实现愈合效果的前提下,应尽快进行低温储藏,这样能获得更好的“糖化”效果。
最后,不同储藏温度下调控甘薯块根糖分含量的关键蔗糖分解酶不同。在常温储藏条件下,CWIN和Sus活性整体呈下降趋势,VIN活性呈先升高后降至初始水平的趋势,只有CIN活性呈不断上升的趋势;在低温储藏条件下,块根中3种转化酶的活性均呈持续下降趋势,只有Sus活性呈不断上升的趋势,因此推测CIN可能为常温条件下块根己糖含量上升的关键蔗糖分解酶类,而Sus可能是低温条件下己糖含量上升的关键蔗糖分解酶类。上述结果表明,采后储藏温度的不同会导致调控甘薯块根采后己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶种类发生相应的变化。进一步对CIN和Sus基因家族成员表达水平的测定表明,IbCIN是调控常温下CIN活性上升的主要基因家族成员,而IbSus6可能是调控低温处理下Sus活性升高的主要基因家族成员。
本研究结果和前人的研究结果有所不同。早期对马铃薯和甘薯的研究表明,VIN是调控其块茎/块根可溶性糖特别是己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶。在马铃薯上下调VIN的活性会抑制低温储藏过程中发生的块茎“变甜”现象(cold-induced sweetening,CIS),从而可有效阻止马铃薯加工过程中由于美拉德反应而产生的“褐变”现象[12,27-28]。对2个甘薯品种(beauregard和hernandez)不同温度(4.5、15.6、24 ℃)下的储藏研究表明,在采后7周的储藏时间内,低温处理提高了块根中VIN活性以及己糖(葡萄糖和果糖)含量,且VIN和己糖含量之间呈显著正相关[16]。此外,对6个甘薯品种采收后(定植后145 d)立即测定其VIN和CIN活性以及己糖(葡萄糖和果糖)含量,VIN活性和5个品种葡萄糖含量呈正相关,只有1个品种(GeorgiaJet)的VIN活性和葡萄糖含量之间无显著的正相关关系[17]
然而,本研究发现低温处理不仅未诱导高系14的VIN活性上升,反而导致其活性大幅下降,这与前人的研究结果类似,即高系14块根在低温(4 ℃)条件下的30 d储藏期内其活性呈持续下降趋势,然而Beniazuma品种块根的VIN活性则呈持续上升趋势[19]。因此推测高系14块根在低温储藏下具有特殊的糖分代谢特征。遗憾的是,该研究并未测定其他3种蔗糖分解酶在低温储藏中的动态变化[19]。综上所述,调控甘薯块根采后己糖含量的主要蔗糖分解酶的种类不仅受到储藏温度的影响,而且可能也会受到品种和基因型的影响。
近期研究表明,VIN并不是调控低温储藏过程中马铃薯“变甜”现象的唯一蔗糖分解酶类,Sus也参与其中[29]。这和本研究的发现类似,即Sus也是调控甘薯低温储藏块根中己糖含量的重要蔗糖分解酶。低温储藏下高系14块根Sus活性的增加可能通过提高己糖含量来增加甘薯块根的耐低温能力,最终增强甘薯的耐储性。例如,在番茄上超表达Sus基因SlSUS3可通过增加己糖和脯氨酸含量以及SOD和CAT活性,从而提高番茄的耐低温能力[30]。此外,研究表明Sus也参与小麦低温驯化的生理过程[31]
常温处理下块根的CIN和VIN活性显著高于低温处理,只有Sus活性显著低于低温处理,这虽然可以很好解释为何常温处理下块根中蔗糖含量更低,但却很难解释为何常温下其己糖含量也整体呈现出低于低温处理的趋势,可能的原因有3个:(1)常温处理下块根中更少的淀粉转化为可溶性糖;(2)高活性的CIN和VIN活性产生的己糖更多地被呼吸途径所消耗以用于促进发芽,特别是CIN主要在细胞质中分解蔗糖,此时产生的己糖可直接被同样位于细胞质中的HK磷酸化而进入糖酵解途径[10]。(3)Sus的绝对活性更高,甚至高于3种INV活性的总和。
综上,本研究通过测定常温和低温储藏条件下高系14块根中的糖分代谢特征,发现低温处理可通过抑制HK活性和呼吸强度来降低干物质损失和发芽率,从而增强甘薯的耐储性;与常温处理相比,低温处理下块根可溶性糖特别是果糖和蔗糖含量的上升幅度更大,而淀粉含量下降的幅度相应也更大,因此低温储藏可促进甘薯块根中淀粉向可溶性糖的转变,从而可增加甘薯的甜度和品质。本研究揭示常温和低温储藏下调控甘薯块根己糖含量的关键蔗糖分解酶分别为CIN和Sus,同时鉴定出不同储藏温度下调控CIN和Sus活性的主要基因家族成员。上述研究结果可为下一步通过转基因技术等人工手段提高甘薯品质奠定理论基础。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(32260440)
  • 海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(2019RC146)
  • 国家甘薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.001
  • 接收时间:2025-03-13
  • 首发时间:2026-03-07
  • 出版时间:2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13
  • 录用日期:2025-05-26
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260440)
海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(2019RC146)
国家甘薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10)
作者信息
    1.海南大学南繁学院(三亚南繁研究院),海南三亚 572022
    2.海南大学热带农林学院(农业农村学院、乡村振兴学院)/海南大学海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海南儋州 571737

通讯作者:

* 刘永华(LIU Yonghua),E-mail:
朱国鹏(ZHU Guopeng),E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.09.001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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