热带作物学报

模拟氮沉降下假臭草的生长特征

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齐成媚 ¹^,²^,³^,⁴ , 肖丽酾 ¹ , 刘辉龙 ¹ , 欧阳莉 ¹ , 全沁果 ¹^,²^,³^,^* , 刘小文 ¹^,²^,³^,^*

热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2023,44(3): 589-596

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热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2023, 44(3): 589-596

模拟氮沉降下假臭草的生长特征

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齐成媚¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 肖丽酾¹, 刘辉龙¹, 欧阳莉¹, 全沁果¹^,²^,³^,^*, 刘小文¹^,²^,³^,^*

作者信息

^1.湖南科技学院化学与生物工程学院，湖南永州　425199

^2.土传病害绿色防控湖南省工程研究中心，湖南永州　425199

^3.湘南优势植物资源综合利用湖南省重点实验室，湖南永州　425199

^4.湖南农业大学植物保护学院，湖南长沙　410128

齐成媚（1985—），女，硕士，实验师，研究方向：植物保护。

通讯作者:

^* 全沁果（QUAN Qinguo），E-mail: qinguo_quan@163.com；

刘小文（LIU Xiaowen），E-mail: lxw1110@126.com。

Growth Characteristics of Praxelis clematidea (Griseb.) under Simulated Nitrogen Deposition

Chengmei QI¹^,²^,³^,⁴, Lishi XIAO¹, Huilong LIU¹, Li OUYANG¹, Qinguo QUAN¹^,²^,³^,^*, Xiaowen LIU¹^,²^,³^,^*

Affiliations

^1.College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China

^2.Hunan Engineering Research Center of Soil Borne Disease of Green Control Technology, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China

^3.Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Advantage Plants Resources in South Hunan, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China

^4.College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China

出版时间: 2023-03-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.03.016

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摘要

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假臭草是中国重点关注的入侵植物之一，随着陆地生态系统氮沉降的急剧增加，加剧了其扩张速度。研究假臭草在氮沉降下的生长特性，是揭示其对氮沉降响应规律的前提和制定防控策略的基础。通过盆栽试验，模拟考察氮沉降对假臭草生长特征的影响，试验设置4个氮沉降水平（N₀：0; N₁：40 kg/hm²；N₂：60 kg/hm²；N₃：80 kg/hm²），培养45、90 d后分别测定和计算假臭草根系和植株长度、叶片数量与叶面积、根系特征、生物量及其分配和叶绿素含量。结果表明，随着氮沉降水平的提升，假臭草的发育能力在2个生长期均显著提升（P<0.05），N₃培养90 d后根长和株高相比N₀增长率分别为44.38%和60.89%，叶片数量和叶面积同比分别增长122.78%和119.32%，总根长、根表面积、根体积和根平均直径的增长率分别为56.04%、42.36%、59.38%和61.54%。45 d时，假臭草的总生物量与对照组相比，N₁、N₂和N₃分别提高37.50%、81.25%和106.25%，90 d对应的数据分别为23.81%、61.90%和80.95%。进一步比较盆栽45 d和90 d假臭草生物量分配特征随不同氮水平的变化发现，不同氮水平对假臭草根重比（RBR）和根冠比（R/S）均有抑制作用，且低氮水平对生长初期的抑制效应相比高氮水平和生长后期较强（P<0.05）；而对叶重比（LBR）和茎重比（SBR）体现出了促进作用，且该效应在高氮水平处理下和假臭草生长后期表现更强（P<0.05）。盆栽45 d时，高氮组（N₃）假臭草的叶绿素a含量相比对照组（N₀）提升131.69%，叶绿素b提升幅度达787.50%；盆栽90 d叶绿素a和叶绿素b则分别提升82.45%和314.29%，表明叶绿素合成能力对高氮水平为代表的异质环境存在较强耐性。假臭草在生长初期（45 d）对中等水平氮沉降（N=60 kg/hm²）正反馈效应较强，但随着生长期的延长（90 d），对高水平氮沉降（N=80 kg/hm²）的适应力显著提升。表明氮沉降的加剧利于假臭草的生长，提高了其潜在的入侵危害性。

关键词

氮沉降 / 假臭草 / 入侵植物 / 生长 / 生物量

Abstract

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Praxelis clematidea (Griseb.) is one of the most important invasive plants in China, which is continuously spreads with the increasingly serious nitrogen deposition in terrestrial ecosystem. The objective of the study was to reveal the responses of growth characteristics and accumulate the basic data for formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies using simulated nitrogen deposition. The growth characteristics such as root and plant length, leaf number and leaf area, root characteristics, biomass and its distribution and chlorophyll content in 45 days with four nitrogen deposition levels (control of 0, low nitrogen group of 40 kg/hm², medium nitrogen group of 60 kg/hm², high nitrogen group of 80 kg/hm²) compared with the 90 days were measured respectively. The results showed that the developmental ability was significantly improved in both growth periods (P<0.05) with the increase of nitrogen deposition level. Compared with N₀, the root length and plant height increased by 44.38% and 60.89% after N₃ culture for 90 days. The number of leaves and leaf area increased by 122.78% and 119.32%, and the growth rate of total root length, root surface area, root volume and root mean diameter was 56.04%, 42.36%, 59.38% and 61.54%. At 45 d, compared with the control group, total biomass of N₁, N₂ and N₃ increased by 37.50%, 81.25% and 106.25%, and the corresponding data at 90 d was 23.81%, 61.90% and 80.95%, respectively. Further comparison of the biomass distribution characteristics with different nitrogen concentrations at 45 d and 90 d showed that the different concentrations of nitrogen had inhibitory effects on RBR and R/S, and the inhibitory effect of low concentration nitrogen and early growth stage was stronger than that of high concentration nitrogen and late growth stage (P<0.05). However, it showed that a promoting effect on LBR and SBR was stronger under high-concentration nitrogen treatment and in the late growth stage of Stinkweed (P<0.05). When potted for 45 days, the content of chlorophyll a in the high nitrogen group (N₃) was increased by 131.69% compared with the control group (N₀), and the increase in chlorophyll b was 787.50%. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b increased by 82.45% and 314.29% respectively in potted plants for 90 days. It shows that the chlorophyll synthesis ability has strong tolerance to the heterogeneous environment represented by high nitrogen levels. At the early stage of growth (45 d), the positive feedback effect on moderate-level nitrogen deposition (N=60 kg/hm²) was strong. However, with the extension of the growth period (90 d), the adaptability to high levels of nitrogen deposition (N=80 kg/hm²) was significantly improved. The result proves that the aggravation of nitrogen deposition is beneficial to its growth.

Key words

nitrogen deposition / Praxelis clematidea (Griseb.) / invasive plants / growth / biomass

引用本文

齐成媚, 肖丽酾, 刘辉龙, 欧阳莉, 全沁果, 刘小文. 模拟氮沉降下假臭草的生长特征. 热带作物学报, 2023 , 44 (3) : 589 -596 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.03.016

Chengmei QI, Lishi XIAO, Huilong LIU, Li OUYANG, Qinguo QUAN, Xiaowen LIU. Growth Characteristics of Praxelis clematidea (Griseb.) under Simulated Nitrogen Deposition[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023 , 44 (3) : 589 -596 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.03.016

基金

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“湖湘青年英才”项目(2019RS2045)
中央引导地方科技发展-科技成果转移转化项目(2021CZY006)
湖南科技学院科学研究项目(20XKY068)

参考文献

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2023年第44卷第3期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.03.016

接收时间：2022-04-02
首发时间：2026-03-05
出版时间：2023-03-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2022-04-02
修回日期：2022-09-13

基金

“湖湘青年英才”项目(2019RS2045)

中央引导地方科技发展-科技成果转移转化项目(2021CZY006)

湖南科技学院科学研究项目(20XKY068)

作者信息

^1.湖南科技学院化学与生物工程学院，湖南永州　425199

^2.土传病害绿色防控湖南省工程研究中心，湖南永州　425199

^3.湘南优势植物资源综合利用湖南省重点实验室，湖南永州　425199

^4.湖南农业大学植物保护学院，湖南长沙　410128

通讯作者:

^* 全沁果（QUAN Qinguo），E-mail: qinguo_quan@163.com；

刘小文（LIU Xiaowen），E-mail: lxw1110@126.com。

参考文献

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.03.016

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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