热带作物学报

木薯品种华南12号（SC12）同源四倍体诱导及鉴定

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曾文丹 , 陆柳英 , 施平丽 , 肖亮 , 尚小红 , 曹升 , 吴正丹 , 严华兵 ^**

热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2023,44(6): 1114-1122

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热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2023, 44(6): 1114-1122

木薯品种华南12号（SC12）同源四倍体诱导及鉴定

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曾文丹, 陆柳英, 施平丽, 肖亮, 尚小红, 曹升, 吴正丹, 严华兵^**

作者信息

广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所，广西南宁　530007

曾文丹（1982—），女，硕士，副研究员，研究方向：块根类作物生物技术育种与良种繁育技术；

通讯作者:

^** 严华兵（YANHuabing），E-mail: h.b.yan@hotmail.com。

Induction and Identification of Autotetraploid in Cassava Variety SC12 in vitro

Wendan ZENG, Liuying LU, Pingli SHI, Liang XIAO, Xiaohong SHANG, Sheng CAO, Zhengdan WU, Huabing YAN^**

Affiliations

Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China

出版时间: 2023-06-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.06.005

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摘要

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多倍化可伴随产生一些优良的农艺性状，如抗逆性增强、器官体积变大、生物量增加等，多倍体育种为木薯新品种培育提供了一个重要途径。本研究以木薯品种SC12离体单芽茎段为诱导材料，比较不同浓度秋水仙素对外植体诱导率的影响，并对木薯二倍体与同源四倍体不同株系进行形态学、解剖学和农艺特性比较。结果表明，以0.03 g/L浓度的秋水仙素诱导SC12同源四倍体效率最高，为7.78%；通过流式细胞仪和根尖染色体数目观察对筛选的20个植株进行倍性鉴定，获得了11个同源四倍体和5个嵌合体植株，同源四倍体为检测株系的55%，变异植株为检测株系的80%；二倍体和同源四倍体植株表现出显著的形态和生理差异，在形态上表现为四倍体植株变矮、茎杆变粗、叶尖盾化，叶片由披针形向拱形过渡，同源四倍体裂叶长/裂叶宽显著降低、叶绿素含量显著增加；通过解剖学发现四倍体叶片保卫细胞的长、宽、叶绿体数目均显著增加，分别比二倍体增加2.33%、28.99%、117.79%；气孔数显著降低，比二倍体减少40.06%；四倍体变异株保卫细胞呈椭圆形，二倍体保卫细胞趋近于圆柱形；四倍体叶片厚度和栅栏组织厚度均显著高于二倍体，比对照分别增加24.41%、43.88%，栅栏组织/海绵组织是二倍体的1.9倍，表明四倍体叶片的栅栏组织排列紧密，但海绵组织不发达。测产结果表明，多倍体株系SC12-11的单株薯重和收获指数分别为3.30 kg和0.43，显著高于对照二倍体SC12。

关键词

木薯 / 同源四倍体 / 鉴定 / 种质创新

Abstract

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Polyploidy can be accompanied by some super character, such as enhanced stress resistance, larger organ size, and increasing biomass. Polyploidy provides an important way for cassava varieties breeding. The single-node axillary buds of cassava variety SC12 were used as the explants to observe the effect of the different colchicine concentrations on autotetraploid induction rate. The morphology, anatomy and agronomic characteristics of autotetraploid and the diploid parents were compared. The highest efficiency of inducing autotetraploid of SC12 was 7.78% at the concentration of 0.03 g/L colchicine. The ploidy of 20 plants was identified by the flow cytometry and chromosome numbers counts in root tip cells. Consequently, a total of 11 tetraploid plants as well as 5 chimeric plants were obtained. Positive autotetraploid cassava lines accounted for 55% of all the tested lines, and the variation rate was 80% of the tested lines. Significant differences in morphology and anatomy were observed between the autotetraploid and the diploid parents. In morphology, the tetraploid plants became shorter, the stem became thicker, the leaf tip became shield, the leaves changed from lanceolate to arch, the cleft leaf length/cleft width decreased significantly, and the chlorophyll content increased significantly. The length, width and chloroplast number of tetraploid guard cells was significantly increased by 2.33%, 28.99% and 117.79%, respectively, compared with that of diploid parent. Stomatal density was decreased by 40.06% compared with the control. The guard cells of tetraploid variant were oval, while those of diploid variant were cylindrical. The leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness of tetraploids were significantly higher than those of diploids, and increased by 24.41% and 43.88% compared with the control, respectively. The palisade tissue/sponge tissues of autotetraploid plants were 1.9 times as large as the diploid line, indicating that the palisade tissue of tetraploid leaves was closely arranged, but the spongy tissue was not well developed. The results of yield detection showed that the tubers weight per plant and harvest index of polyploid line SC12-11 was 3.30 kg and 0.43, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the control.

Key words

cassava / autotetraploid / identification / germplasm innovation

引用本文

曾文丹, 陆柳英, 施平丽, 肖亮, 尚小红, 曹升, 吴正丹, 严华兵. 木薯品种华南12号（SC12）同源四倍体诱导及鉴定. 热带作物学报, 2023 , 44 (6) : 1114 -1122 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.06.005

Wendan ZENG, Liuying LU, Pingli SHI, Liang XIAO, Xiaohong SHANG, Sheng CAO, Zhengdan WU, Huabing YAN. Induction and Identification of Autotetraploid in Cassava Variety SC12 in vitro[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023 , 44 (6) : 1114 -1122 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.06.005

基金

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广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD19245053)
广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2021YT057)
广西合浦特色薯类作物试验站项目(TS202128)

参考文献

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2023年第44卷第6期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.06.005

接收时间：2022-08-03
首发时间：2026-03-05
出版时间：2023-06-25

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收稿日期：2022-08-03
修回日期：2022-08-31

基金

广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD19245053)

广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2021YT057)

广西合浦特色薯类作物试验站项目(TS202128)

作者信息

广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所，广西南宁　530007

通讯作者:

^** 严华兵（YANHuabing），E-mail: h.b.yan@hotmail.com。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.06.005

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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