热带作物学报

椰枣F₁分离群体表型多样性的分析与评价

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王义 ¹ , 符海泉 ¹ , 张宁 ¹^,² , 高兆银 ³ , 胡美姣 ³ , 洪小雨 ⁴ , 李东霞 ¹ , 徐中亮 ¹^,²^,^*

热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2023,44(12): 2485-2497

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热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2023, 44(12): 2485-2497

椰枣F₁分离群体表型多样性的分析与评价

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王义¹, 符海泉¹, 张宁¹^,², 高兆银³, 胡美姣³, 洪小雨⁴, 李东霞¹, 徐中亮¹^,²^,^*

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所/国家热带棕榈种质资源圃，海南文昌　571339

^2.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院，海南三亚　572000

^3.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，海南海口　571101

^4.华中农业大学园艺林学学院，湖北武汉　430070

王义（1994—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：椰枣种质资源病害调查及抗病育种。

通讯作者:

^* 徐中亮（XU Zhongliang），E-mail: xuzhongliangcatas@163.com。

Analysis and Evaluation of Phenotypic Characters of F₁ Segregation Populations of Date Palm

Yi WANG¹, Haiquan FU¹, Ning ZHANG¹^,², Zhaoyin GAO³, Meijiao HU³, Xiaoyu HONG⁴, Dongxia LI¹, Zhongliang XU¹^,²^,^*

Affiliations

^1.Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/National Tropical Palm Germplasm Nursery, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, China

^2.Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China

^3.Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China

^4.College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China

出版时间: 2023-12-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.12.014

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摘要

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为了解椰枣F₁分离群体的表型性状的多样性，本研究以143份椰枣F₁分离群体为供试材料，对其株高、冠幅、茎围、枝条数和叶斑病发病情况等17个表型性状进行多样性、相关性、主成分及聚类分析。结果表明：椰枣F₁分离群体表型变异程度高，具有丰富的多样性。数量性状变异程度较高，变异系数为10.927%~43.350%，其中茎围的变异系数最大。质量性状变异系数为31.447%~44.619%，其中裂叶叶色和裂叶坚硬程度的变异系数分别为44.619%和42.571%。相关性分析表明：株高、冠幅、茎围、枝条数、第三枝长、刺区长度、裂叶总数、裂叶长、裂叶宽、裂叶厚度、裂叶叶色11个性状两两间均达到极显著正相关；叶斑病发病情况与其余16个性状均呈负相关。主成分分析显示，6个主成分的累计贡献率达87.51%，其中第1主成分特征值为10.0836，贡献率为59.32%，主要包含株高、第三枝长、冠幅、茎围和枝条数这5个指标共同影响，其中株高的特征值最大为0.2948，主要反映的了椰枣株高和长势情况。聚类分析表明：143份椰枣F₁分离群体可分5大类群，第Ⅰ类群包括33份，多为冠幅最小、枝条数最少、裂叶最短、叶斑病发病程度最重的资源；第Ⅱ类群包括39份，为株高最矮、茎围最小、第三枝长最短、叶斑病发病情况较重的资源；第Ⅲ类群包括23份，为裂叶较长、裂叶叶色较深、株型较直立、叶斑病发病情况较轻的资源；第Ⅳ类群包括33份，为裂叶长宽比较大、裂叶较硬、叶斑病发病最轻的表型性状优良资源；第Ⅴ类群包括14份，为裂叶长宽比较小、株型为开张型的资源。本研究结果可为后期椰枣亲本优良性状选育提供理论依据。

关键词

椰枣 / 分离群体 / 表型性状 / 多样性 / 聚类分析

Abstract

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In order to understand the diversity of phenotypic traits in F₁ segregation populations of date palm, this study used 143 F₁ segregation populations of date palms as test materials to analyze the diversity, correlation, principal component and cluster analysis of 17 phenotypic traits, including plant height, crown breadth, stem girth, number of branches and leaf spot incidence. The results showed that there was a high degree of phenotypic variation and rich diversity in F₁ segregation population of date palms. The variation degree of quantitative characters was high, the coefficient of variation ranged from 10.927% to 43.350%, and the coefficient of variation of stem girth was the largest. The coefficients of variation of quality traits ranged from 31.447% to 44.619%, among which the coefficients of variation of tiller leaf color and leaf hardness were 44.619% and 42.571%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that plant height, crown breadth, stem girth, number of branches, the third branch of long, the thorn area length, the total number of tiller leaves, tiller leaves length, tiller leaves width, tiller leaf thickness and leaf color were positively correlated with each other. The incidence of leaf spot was negatively correlated with the other 16 traits. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the six principal components reached 87.51%, of which the characteristic value of the first principal component was 10.0836, and the contribution rate was 59.32%. It is mainly affected by the five indicators of plant height, third branch length, crown breadth, stem girth and branch number. The characteristic value of plant height is the largest, which is 0.2948, which mainly reflects the height and growth trend of date palm. The cluster analysis showed that the 143 F₁ generation dates could be divided into five groups: Group Ⅰ included 33 dates with the smallest crown, the least number of branches, the shortest tiller leaves length, and the highest incidence of leaf spot disease. Group Ⅱ included 39 dates resources with the shortest plant height, the smallest stem girth, the shortest third branch length, and the heaviest incidence of leaf spot disease. Group Ⅲ included 23 dates resources with longer tiller leaves, darker tiller leaves, erect plant type and mild incidence of leaf spot disease. Group Ⅳ included 33 dates resources with excellent phenotypic traits such as large ratio of leaf length to width of tiller leaves, stiffer tiller leaves and the least incidence of leaf spot disease. Group Ⅴ included 14 dates resources with small ratio of tiller leaves length to width ratio and open plant type. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of superior parental traits in later stage of date palm.

Key words

date palm / segregation population / phenotypic characters / diversity / cluster analysis

引用本文

王义, 符海泉, 张宁, 高兆银, 胡美姣, 洪小雨, 李东霞, 徐中亮. 椰枣F₁分离群体表型多样性的分析与评价. 热带作物学报, 2023 , 44 (12) : 2485 -2497 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.12.014

Yi WANG, Haiquan FU, Ning ZHANG, Zhaoyin GAO, Meijiao HU, Xiaoyu HONG, Dongxia LI, Zhongliang XU. Analysis and Evaluation of Phenotypic Characters of F₁ Segregation Populations of Date Palm[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023 , 44 (12) : 2485 -2497 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.12.014

基金

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海南省自然科学基金项目(321QN0940)
农业农村部国际交流与合作项目(125163015000200006)
物种资源保护费项目(125163015000160004)

参考文献

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2023年第44卷第12期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.12.014

接收时间：2022-09-14
首发时间：2026-03-05
出版时间：2023-12-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2022-09-14
修回日期：2022-10-15

基金

海南省自然科学基金项目(321QN0940)

农业农村部国际交流与合作项目(125163015000200006)

物种资源保护费项目(125163015000160004)

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所/国家热带棕榈种质资源圃，海南文昌　571339

^2.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院，海南三亚　572000

^3.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，海南海口　571101

^4.华中农业大学园艺林学学院，湖北武汉　430070

通讯作者:

^* 徐中亮（XU Zhongliang），E-mail: xuzhongliangcatas@163.com。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.12.014

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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