热带作物学报

覆盖模式对冬作马铃薯铜素积累与分配特征的影响

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刘涛 ¹ , 官利兰 ² , 邓伟 ³^,⁴ , 管大伟 ¹ , 谭微 ¹ , 张新明 ¹^,^*

热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2023,44(7): 1445-1452

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热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2023, 44(7): 1445-1452

覆盖模式对冬作马铃薯铜素积累与分配特征的影响

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刘涛¹, 官利兰², 邓伟³^,⁴, 管大伟¹, 谭微¹, 张新明¹^,^*

作者信息

^1.华南农业大学资源环境学院，广东广州　510642

^2.广东省恩平市农业技术推广服务中心，广东恩平　529400

^3.华南农业大学园艺学院，广东广州　510642

^4.乐安县农业技术推广中心，江西乐安　344323

刘涛（1998—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：养分资源管理。

通讯作者:

^* 张新明（ZHANG Xinming），E-mail: 1992876243@qq.com。

Effect of Mulching Pattern on the Characteristics of Copper Accumulation and Distribution in Winter Potato

Tao LIU¹, Lilan GUAN², Wei DENG³^,⁴, Dawei GUAN¹, Wei TAN¹, Xinming ZHANG¹^,^*

Affiliations

^1.College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China

^2.Guangdong Enping Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Enping, Guangdong 529400, China

^3.College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China

^4.Le'an County Extension Center of Agricultural Technology, Le'an, Jiangxi 344323, China

出版时间: 2023-07-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.07.015

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摘要

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马铃薯是世界第四大粮食作物，但是关于稻壳覆盖和铜（Cu）素在该作物的研究较少。通过以马铃薯“费乌瑞它”为材料，设置裸地（CK）、稻壳（6000 kg/hm²）覆盖（DK）、黑膜覆盖（HM）3种覆盖模式处理进行田间全生育期冬作栽培，研究不同覆盖模式下马铃薯植株对Cu素的积累与分配特征。研究结果显示，不同覆盖模式下，茎和叶的Cu素积累量均呈先增加后减小趋势，块茎和全株Cu素积累量则呈逐渐增大趋势。茎和叶Cu素积累量从齐苗后10 d时分别占全株的13.45%~17.70%和82.30%~86.55%，到齐苗后58 d时的2.99%~3.53%和8.40%~10.56%。块茎累积量从齐苗后22 d时的26.76%~29.60%增加到齐苗后58 d时的85.91%~88.68%。DK处理下的植株Cu素积累量在全生育期总体上高于CK和HM处理的数值。其中DK比CK处理在茎、叶、块茎、全株最高可分别高38.01%、80.92%、40.24%、72.45%，比HM处理分别高92.21%、47.22%、48.12%、45.16%。马铃薯植株在齐苗后10 d时的Cu素积累量与后期的Cu素积累量呈正相关，茎和叶中Cu素积累量在齐苗后58 d前同产量也呈正相关。因此，供试条件下，在6000 kg/hm²水平的稻壳覆盖下能够有效提高马铃薯植株对Cu素的积累量。

关键词

稻壳 / 冬作马铃薯 / 铜 / 积累 / 覆盖

Abstract

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Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world, but little research has been done on this crop about rice husk mulching and copper (Cu). Rice husk is a by-product of rice processing and has great potential to reduce environmental pollution. Plastic film mulching gives us a non-negligible problem of environmental pollution, and even crop yields will be affected. Compared with black film, it has the advantages of wide source, lower cost and no need for recycling, which can basically be used locally. Previous studies have shown that the photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic rate, nutrient content, plant height, stem thickness, tuber number, above ground dry weight and yield of potato plants were enhanced by both Cu solution dip treatment and foliar spray of Cu. In this experiment, the accumulation and distribution of Cu in potato plants under different mulching patterns were investigated by using potato "Favorita" as the material and three mulching patterns: bare ground (CK), rice husk (6 000 kg/hm²) mulching (DK) and black film mulching (HM) for winter cultivation in the field. The results showed that the accumulation of Cu in stems and leaves showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing under different mulching patterns, while the accumulation in tubers and whole plants showed a trend of gradually increasing. The accumulation of Cu in stems and leaves ranged from 13.45%~17.70% and 82.30%~86.55% of the whole plant 10 d after full seedling emergence to 2.99%~3.53% and 8.40%~10.56% 58 d after full seedling emergence, respectively. The accumulation of tubers increased from 26.76%~29.60% 22 d after full seedling emergence to 85.91%~88.68% 58 d after full seedling emergence. The Cu accumulation of plants under DK treatment was generally higher than that of LD and HM treatments in the whole growth period. The Cu accumulation of plants under DK treatment was 38.01%, 80.92%, 40.24%, 72.45% more than that of CK treatment in stem, leaf, tuber and whole plant respectively, and 92.21%, 47.22%, 48.12%, 45.16% higher than than that of the HM treatment, respectively. The accumulation of Cu in potato plants 10 d after full seedling emergence was positively correlated with the accumulation of Cu at the later stage, and the accumulation of Cu in stems and leaves was also positively correlated with the yield until 58 d after full seedling emergence. The difference in accumulation by site is due to the fact that in the early growth period, when potato plant is still in the seedling stage, stems and leaves are the sites of Cu accumulation. As the plant grows, tubers are gradually formed. About 31 days after full seedling emergence, the growth of stems and leaves gradually slow down, while the tubers are in the growth phase. At this time, the accumulation center shifts to the tuber, from stems and leaves, which shows that the accumulation of stem and leaves gradually decreases, while the accumulation of tuber continues to increase. The reasons for the higher accumulation of DK than CK and HM may be as follows. First, rice husk, on the other hand, can not only act as a thermal insulation layer to isolate strong external heat, but also improve soil water storage efficiency, increase soil water content, and have significant effects in reducing soil temperature. Second, rice husk can increase soil organic carbon content after being degraded as exogenous organic matter, and the study found that the soil available Cu content was significantly and positively correlated with soil organic carbon content. The experiment showed that under the test conditions, the accumulation of Cu by potato plants could be effectively increased under rice husk mulching at 6000 kg/hm² level.

Key words

rice husk / winter potato / copper / accumulation / mulching

引用本文

刘涛, 官利兰, 邓伟, 管大伟, 谭微, 张新明. 覆盖模式对冬作马铃薯铜素积累与分配特征的影响. 热带作物学报, 2023 , 44 (7) : 1445 -1452 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.07.015

Tao LIU, Lilan GUAN, Wei DENG, Dawei GUAN, Wei TAN, Xinming ZHANG. Effect of Mulching Pattern on the Characteristics of Copper Accumulation and Distribution in Winter Potato[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023 , 44 (7) : 1445 -1452 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.07.015

基金

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国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200801)

参考文献

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2023年第44卷第7期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.07.015

接收时间：2022-07-12
首发时间：2026-03-05
出版时间：2023-07-25

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收稿日期：2022-07-12
修回日期：2022-08-28

基金

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200801)

作者信息

^1.华南农业大学资源环境学院，广东广州　510642

^2.广东省恩平市农业技术推广服务中心，广东恩平　529400

^3.华南农业大学园艺学院，广东广州　510642

^4.乐安县农业技术推广中心，江西乐安　344323

通讯作者:

^* 张新明（ZHANG Xinming），E-mail: 1992876243@qq.com。

参考文献

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.07.015

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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