热带作物学报

海马齿生态适应能力与修复应用研究

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刘炜 ¹^,³ , 熊怡然 ¹ , 郜晓峰 ¹ , 刘金林 ¹ , 孙彬 ¹^,² , 何培民 ¹^,²^,^*

热带作物学报 | 农业生态与环境保护 2023,44(2): 438-445

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热带作物学报 | 农业生态与环境保护 2023, 44(2): 438-445

海马齿生态适应能力与修复应用研究

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刘炜¹^,³, 熊怡然¹, 郜晓峰¹, 刘金林¹, 孙彬¹^,², 何培民¹^,²^,^*

作者信息

^1.上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院，上海　201306

^2.上海水域生态环境工程高校研究中心，上海　201306

^3.温州科技职业学院农业与生物技术学院，浙江温州　325006

刘炜（1995—），男，硕士，研究方向：植物生态学与生态修复。

通讯作者:

^* 何培民（HE Peimin），E-mail: pmhe@shou.edu.cn。

Ecological Adaptation and Restoration Application of Sesuvium portulacastrum L.

Wei LIU¹^,³, Yiran XIONG¹, Xiaofeng GAO¹, Jinlin LIU¹, Bin SUN¹^,², Peimin HE¹^,²^,^*

Affiliations

^1.College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

^2.Shanghai University Research Center of Water Environment Ecological Engineering, Shanghai, 201306, China

^3.College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China

出版时间: 2023-02-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.023

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摘要

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海马齿生态修复技术在福建等地的应用效果显著，但能否应用于杭州湾成为值得探讨的问题。杭州湾水域的主要问题是富营养化，海马齿在快速生长过程中能够吸收大量氮、磷，从而移除水体中过剩的营养盐。本文通过研究海马齿对不同光强、盐度和温度的生态适应能力，并对低温和高盐2种生态逆境及复合逆境进行进一步研究，以满足实际情况中海马齿修复杭州湾湿地或水域所面对的逆境状况。结果表明：（1）海马齿对光强耐受范围较广，光饱和点为300 μmol/（m^2·s），不耐受强光照射，但强光对相对电子传递效率抑制较低。（2）海马齿对盐度耐受范围较宽，低盐和淡水条件下均可生长，能耐受25以上高盐；盐度在15以下时生长状态最佳，相对生长率显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05），适宜的盐处理能促进根系生长发育。（3）海马齿对温度耐受范围广但不耐受低温。高温下海马齿依然保持较高生长率，25 ℃时生长状态最佳，生长率显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05），表现为干物质积累较快，植物的株高、根长增长较快，叶片数量增加。5 ℃时遭受低温胁迫，该胁迫可逆，升温后植物可恢复生长，0 ℃时约24 d植株完全死亡。（4）复合逆境实验结果显示，5 ℃时淡水组出现植株死亡，但盐度25时存活率为100%，0 ℃盐度25时存活率为40%，淡水组植株全部死亡，表明盐胁迫处理时长可能有利于低温下植物抵御胁迫。室外实验表明，海马齿能够适应杭州湾气候，但仍需考虑极端天气的影响。综上，海马齿生态修复技术基本能应用于杭州湾，研究结果将为杭州湾生态治理提供新的思路。

关键词

海马齿 / 杭州湾 / 生态适应性 / 胁迫 / 生态修复

Abstract

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The technology of planting Sesuvium portulacastrum for ecological restoration has been widely used in Fujian and other places with remarkable results. It is worth discussing whether it can be applied in Hangzhou Bay with eutrophication. The rapid growth of S. portulacastrum can absorb large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus and remove excess nutrients from water. In this paper, the ecological adaptability of S. portulacastrum to different light intensity, salinity and temperature were studied, and the low temperature and high salinity stress and compound stress were studied further, which is to meet the actual restoration necessary of Hangzhou Bay wetland or water area using S. portulacastrum. S. portulacastrum had a wide tolerance to light intensity, with a light saturation point of 300 μmol/(m²·s), and was intolerant to high light irradiation, but the inhibition of high light on relative electron transfer efficiency was low. S. portulacastrum had a wide range of tolerance to salinity, which could grow in low salinity or fresh water, and the species can tolerate high salt stress more than 25. It grew better in salinity 15 than those of all treatment groups (P<0.05). Appropriate salt treatment could promote root growth and development. S. portulacastrum could tolerate a wide range of temperature expect for very low temperature. S. portulacastrum still maintained a high growth rate in high temperature, 25 ℃ was the best status for the species growth, and the growth rate was significantly higher than that of other treatment group (P<0.05) with accumulation of dry matter faster, plant height, root length grew rapidly and leaf number increased. Low temperature stress in 5 ℃ was reversible and the plant could grow when temperature roise. But the plant was completely dead under 0 ℃ in about 24 days. The plants in the fresh water group died at 5 ℃, but the survival rate of salinity 15 was 100% at 25 ℃, the survival rate of salinity 25 was 40% at 0 ℃, and all plants in the fresh water group died, indicating that salt stress may be beneficial to plant resistance to low temperature stress. Outdoor experiments showed that S. portulacastrum could adapt to Hangzhou Bay climate, but the effect of extreme weather needs to be considered. In conclusion, the ecological restoration technology of S. portulacastrum could be applied in Hangzhou Bay basically, and the study would provide a new idea for the ecological restoration of Hangzhou Bay.

Key words

Sesuvium portulacastrum / Hangzhou Bay / ecological adaptability / stress / ecological restoration

引用本文

刘炜, 熊怡然, 郜晓峰, 刘金林, 孙彬, 何培民. 海马齿生态适应能力与修复应用研究. 热带作物学报, 2023 , 44 (2) : 438 -445 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.023

Wei LIU, Yiran XIONG, Xiaofeng GAO, Jinlin LIU, Bin SUN, Peimin HE. Ecological Adaptation and Restoration Application of Sesuvium portulacastrum L.[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023 , 44 (2) : 438 -445 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.023

基金

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国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC07B03)
上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科 2015-02)

参考文献

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2023年第44卷第2期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.023

接收时间：2022-03-09
首发时间：2026-03-05
出版时间：2023-02-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2022-03-09
修回日期：2022-06-28

基金

国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC07B03)

上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科 2015-02)

作者信息

^1.上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院，上海　201306

^2.上海水域生态环境工程高校研究中心，上海　201306

^3.温州科技职业学院农业与生物技术学院，浙江温州　325006

通讯作者:

^* 何培民（HE Peimin），E-mail: pmhe@shou.edu.cn。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.023

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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