热带作物学报

假木豆属种质资源植物学性状遗传多样性分析

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袁秉琛 ¹ , 王燕茹 ² , 孙郁婷 ¹ , 李承臻 ¹ , 虞道耿 ³^,^*

热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2023,44(1): 64-74

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热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2023, 44(1): 64-74

假木豆属种质资源植物学性状遗传多样性分析

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袁秉琛¹, 王燕茹², 孙郁婷¹, 李承臻¹, 虞道耿³^,^*

作者信息

1.海南大学热带作物学院，海南海口　570228

2.海南大学林学院，海南海口　570228

3.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所，海南海口　571101

袁秉琛（1996—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：牧草资源收集与开发。

通讯作者:

*虞道耿，E-mail: geng0209@126.con。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Desmodium Desv. Based on Botanical Characters

Bingchen YUAN¹, Yanru WANG², Yuting SUN¹, Chengzhen LI¹, Daogeng YU³^,^*

Affiliations

1. College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China

2. College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China

3. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China

出版时间: 2023-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.01.007

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摘要

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假木豆（Dendrolobium triangulare）为多年生灌木，假木豆叶量大、产量高，营养价值高，是优良的高蛋白青饲料。目前仅有山蚂蝗亚族之间的遗传多样性研究，假木豆属的形态学遗传多样性的分析研究比较匮乏，缺少大范围的种质形态学遗传多样性研究。对优质育种资源植物学性状综合评价是育种的前提。为了培育优质豆科牧草品种，满足南方畜牧生产需求，本研究采用随机区组设计，研究材料为76份假木豆属种质资源，对35个植物学性状进行观测，分析假木豆属的遗传多样性特点，为假木豆选育工作提供基础材料。通过形态学观测分析研究其遗传多样性，结果表明：35个植物学性状中叶背面毛况（CV=46.92%），茎的颜色（CV=39.77%）和叶柄毛况（CV=39.52%）变异系数（CV）最大，说明假木豆属遗传多样性较为丰富；多个植物学性状之间存在相关性，叶长与叶宽（r=0.887）之间存在极显著正相关，长宽比在2.0左右，叶形比较接近椭圆形。茎的形状与叶长（r=-0.459）、叶宽（r=-0.491）存在相关性，这表明如果假木豆产量以叶面积为主，应尽量选择圆柱形的茎。中央小叶叶形与荚果长（r=0.360）存在极显著相关，所以选育时选择倒卵圆形的叶，可以提高种子产量。叶背面毛况与叶柄毛况（r=0.462）、荚果毛况（r=0.589）存在极显著相关，说明同一植株毛被状况具有较高的关联性，可进行筛选整株毛被较少的资源。通过聚类分析与系统评价筛选出4份高产优质资源（070314022假木豆、GX121121004假木豆、050218087假木豆、050307492假木豆）。本研究探究了假木豆属种间的植物学性状遗传多样性的特点，可为后续的育种工作提供基础材料。

关键词

假木豆 / 植物学性状 / 遗传多样性

Abstract

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In order to meet the demand for high-quality leguminous forage varieties in southern livestock production, comprehensive evaluation of the botanical characters of high-quality breeding resources is the premise of breeding. Dendrolobium triangulare is a perennial shrub with large leaves, high yield and high nutritional value. It is an excellent high-protein green feed. At present, there are only studies on the genetic diversity among the subgroups of the locust, and the analysis and research on the morphological genetic diversity of the genus Desmodium Desv. are relatively scarce, and there is a lack of research on the morphological genetic diversity of germplasm in a large range. In this experiment, a random block design was adopted, and the research materials were 76 germplasm resources of the genus Desmodium Desv. 35 botanical traits were observed, and the genetic diversity characteristics of Desmodium Desv spp. were analyzed for future breeding work of Desmodium Desv. Provide basic materials. The genetic diversity was studied by morphological observational analysis. The 35 botanical traits, the hair condition on the back of the leaf (CV=46.92%), the color of the stem (CV=39.77%) and the condition of the petiole hair (CV=39.52%) had the largest coefficients of variation, indicating that the false D. triangulare. was rich in genetic diversity. There were correlations among several botanical characters, there was a very significant positive correlation between leaf length and leaf width (r=0.887), the aspect ratio was about 2.0, and the leaf shape was close to ellipse. There was a correlation between the shape of the stem and the length of the leaf (r=-0.459) and the width of the leaf (r=-0.491), indicating that if the yield of pseudo pigeon is mainly based on the leaf area, the cylindrical stem should be selected as much as possible. There was a very significant correlation between the leaf shape of the central leaflet and the length of the pod (r=0.360), so the selection of obovate leaves during breeding could improve the seed yield. There was a very significant correlation between the hair condition on the back of the leaf, the hair condition on the petiole (r=0.462) and the hair condition on the pod (r=0.589), indicating that the hair coat condition of the same plant has a high correlation, and the resources with less hair coat on the whole plant can be screened. Through cluster analysis and systematic evaluation, four germplasm resources were screened out (D. triangulare 070314022, D. triangulare GX121121004, D. triangulare 050218087, D. triangulare 050307492), and the germplasm resources had the characteristics of high yield and high quality. This experiment explored the characteristics of genetic diversity of botanical traits among the species of D. triangulare, which could provide basic materials for subsequent breeding work.

Key words

Desmodium Desv. / botanical characters / genetic diversity

引用本文

袁秉琛, 王燕茹, 孙郁婷, 李承臻, 虞道耿. 假木豆属种质资源植物学性状遗传多样性分析. 热带作物学报, 2023 , 44 (1) : 64 -74 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.01.007

Bingchen YUAN, Yanru WANG, Yuting SUN, Chengzhen LI, Daogeng YU. Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Desmodium Desv. Based on Botanical Characters[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2023 , 44 (1) : 64 -74 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.01.007

基金

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海南省农业农村厅物种资源保护项目“海南饲用豆科植物资源保护”(琼财农[2020]829号)

参考文献

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2023年第44卷第1期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.01.007

接收时间：2022-04-24
首发时间：2026-03-05
出版时间：2023-01-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2022-04-24
修回日期：2022-06-26

基金

海南省农业农村厅物种资源保护项目“海南饲用豆科植物资源保护”(琼财农[2020]829号)

作者信息

1.海南大学热带作物学院，海南海口　570228

2.海南大学林学院，海南海口　570228

3.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所，海南海口　571101

通讯作者:

*虞道耿，E-mail: geng0209@126.con。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.01.007

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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