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Article(id=1276616285710578300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276616263778562546, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.11.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740672000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1750262400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-06-19, onlineDate=1782298640896, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1764000000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782298640896, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782298640896, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782298640896, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276616263778562546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='2549', pageEnd='2815', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1764000000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782298635668, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782299117657, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276618285483426694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276616263778562546, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276618285487620999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276616263778562546, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2623, endPage=2632, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276616285995790974, articleId=1276616285710578300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Screening and Tissue Culture of A New Fresh-eating Sweet Potato Variety Guishu No. 13, columnId=1236256430060261740, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Germplasm Resources, Genetics & Breeding, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The study developed a new fresh-eating sweet potato variety Guishu No. 13 and established its virus-free seedling breeding technology system to meet the market demand for fresh-eating sweet potato varieties and healthy seedlings. Guishu No. 13 was bred from seeds by open pollinated using Guizhu No. 10 as mother. The variety has purple red skin, orange yellow flesh, and a high rate of medium to large storage roots. The content of β-carotene, protein and reducing sugar was 1790 mg/100 g, 1860 mg/100 g and 1200 mg/100 g, respectively. In the production experiment, the starch storage roots yield was 29 786.40 kg/hm2 and starch yield was 4675.10 kg/hm2, which increased by 5.52% and 17.52% respectively compared to Guishu No. 2 (CK). Guishu No. 13 has moderate resistance to Fusarium wilt, black rot, and stem nematode. The best culture medium for callus differentiation and germination rate of Guishu No. 13 was MS+0.10 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6-BA and MS+0.20 mg/L NAA+2 mg/L 6-BA, respectively. Guishu No. 13 has good yield and stability, high fresh storage root yield, and the establishment of a virus-free breeding system would lay the foundation for the development and application of the Guishu No. 13.

, authors=null, authorsList=Jinfeng HUA, Yanqing LI, Yongmei HUANG, Tianyuan CHEN, Jie YIN, Yongzhen LI, Xuehua HUANG, Jinxiu LIAO, Xixiao DENG, Hongcao CHEN, Huifeng LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Huifeng LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276616286981452422, articleId=1276616285710578300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号筛选及组培技术研究, columnId=1236256430219645304, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=种质资源与遗传育种, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为满足鲜食型甘薯品种及健康种苗的市场需求，本研究选育出了鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号，并建立脱毒种苗繁育技术体系。桂薯13号以桂薯10号为母本进行自然授粉，经实生种子选育出的优良品系。该品种紫红皮橙黄肉，结薯集中，中大薯型。β-胡萝卜素含量为1790 mg/100 g，蛋白质含量为1860 mg/100 g，还原糖含量为1200 mg/100 g。生产试验中鲜薯产量29786.40 kg/hm2和淀粉产量4675.10 kg/hm2分别比桂薯2号（CK）增产5.52%和17.52%。桂薯13号中抗蔓割病、黑斑病和茎线虫病。最佳愈伤分化培养基为：MS+0.10 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6-BA；愈伤发芽率最高的培养基配方为：MS+0.20 mg/L NAA+2 mg/L 6-BA。桂薯13号丰产稳产性好，鲜食产量高，脱毒繁育体系的建立，为桂薯13号的开发及应用奠定基础。

, authors=

滑金锋（1984—），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：甘薯育种与害虫防治。

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* 李慧峰（LI Huifeng），E-mail：。
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滑金锋（1984—），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：甘薯育种与害虫防治。

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滑金锋（1984—），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：甘薯育种与害虫防治。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress of sweet potato virus disease in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276616308615672591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=44, issue=5, pageStart=461, pageEnd=468, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=38, authorNames=王丽, 王振东, 乔奇, 秦艳红, 张德胜, 田雨婷, 王爽, 张立军, 张振臣, journalName=植物病理学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王丽, 王振东, 乔奇, 秦艳红, 张德胜, 田雨婷, 王爽, 张立军, 张振臣. 甘薯褪绿矮化病毒西非株系实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及应用[J]. 植物病理学, 2014, 44(5): 461-468., articleTitle=甘薯褪绿矮化病毒西非株系实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276616308686975760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=44, issue=5, pageStart=461, pageEnd=468, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=39, authorNames=WANG L, WANG Z D, QIAO Q, QIN Y H, ZHANG D S, TIAN Y T, WANG S, ZHANG L J, ZHANG Z C, journalName=Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG L, WANG Z D, QIAO Q, QIN Y H, ZHANG D S, TIAN Y T, WANG S, ZHANG L J, ZHANG Z C. Development and application of a real-time PCR method for detection of west African strain of Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus[J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2014, 44(5): 461-468. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development and application of a real-time PCR method for detection of west African strain of Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276616308749890321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=28, pageStart=53, pageEnd=54, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=40, authorNames=于永学, 张丹, 杨红, 黄超, 倪国勤, journalName=河南农业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=于永学, 张丹, 杨红, 黄超, 倪国勤. 不同甘薯品种茎尖脱毒与快繁特性分析[J]. 河南农业, 2017(28): 53-54., articleTitle=不同甘薯品种茎尖脱毒与快繁特性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276616308816999186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=28, pageStart=53, pageEnd=54, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=41, authorNames=YU Y X, ZHANG D, YANG H, HUANG C, NI G Q, journalName=Agriculture of Henan, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YU Y X, ZHANG D, YANG H, HUANG C, NI G Q. Analysis on virus-free and rapid propagation characteristics of different sweet potato varieties[J]. Agriculture of Henan, 2017(28): 53-54. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis on virus-free and rapid propagation characteristics of different sweet potato varieties, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1276616304110990054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, awardId=桂农科AB241484044, language=CN, fundingSource=广西科技厅重点研发项目(桂农科AB241484044), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1276616304186487527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, awardId=桂玉科2023, language=CN, fundingSource=广西农业科学院玉米研究所科技发展项目(桂玉科2023), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1276616304253596392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, awardId=CARS-10-C17, language=CN, fundingSource=财政部和农业农村部项目(CARS-10-C17), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1276616287195361928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276616287203750537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, companyId=1276616287195361928, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Sweet Potato Genetics, Breeding and Application Research Laboratory, Maize Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276616287212139146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, companyId=1276616287195361928, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所甘薯遗传育种与应用研究室，广西南宁　530007)]), AuthorCompany(id=1276616287279248011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276616287287636620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, companyId=1276616287279248011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276616287296025229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, companyId=1276616287279248011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.广西壮族自治区农业科学院，广西南宁　530007)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1276616300218675920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Breeding process of Guishu No. 13, figureFileSmall=0pI45bKxM0/56fkie7XOWw==, figureFileBig=WYO3b1jbvSVJ2PDOB5+6RA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616300587774673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=图1, caption=桂薯13号选育过程, figureFileSmall=0pI45bKxM0/56fkie7XOWw==, figureFileBig=WYO3b1jbvSVJ2PDOB5+6RA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616300986233554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Characters of Guishu No. 13, figureFileSmall=DBkbN3Jd7c3bJEZM5t4SZA==, figureFileBig=eyFP5CxNp7sMORBnrE3fug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616301065925331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=图2, caption=桂薯13号的特征特性, figureFileSmall=DBkbN3Jd7c3bJEZM5t4SZA==, figureFileBig=eyFP5CxNp7sMORBnrE3fug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616301133034196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Shoot apical plant regeneration of Guishu No. 13, figureFileSmall=NxE0dQbdABRRgOsaedm5tg==, figureFileBig=MwBEUa2OQivyDkd6lsuOSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616301204337365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=图3, caption=桂薯13号茎尖植株再生

A、B、C、D分别表示开始膨大的茎尖、开始再生出植株的愈伤、陆续再生出植株的愈伤、完整植株。

, figureFileSmall=NxE0dQbdABRRgOsaedm5tg==, figureFileBig=MwBEUa2OQivyDkd6lsuOSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276616302865281750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Fresh storage root yield, dry storage root yield and starch yield content of Guishu No. 13

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place鲜薯产量Fresh storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%薯干产量Dry storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%淀粉产量Starch yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%
桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2
2018复选圃29 997.7528 229.606.267632.826672.5414.394623.823978.6316.22
2019高鉴圃29 898.3028 130.506.287772.176762.9314.924721.393943.2219.73
平均29 948.0328 180.056.277702.506717.7414.664672.613960.9317.97
), ArticleFig(id=1276616302944973527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

桂薯13号的鲜薯产量、薯干产量和薯块干物质含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place鲜薯产量Fresh storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%薯干产量Dry storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%淀粉产量Starch yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%
桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2
2018复选圃29 997.7528 229.606.267632.826672.5414.394623.823978.6316.22
2019高鉴圃29 898.3028 130.506.287772.176762.9314.924721.393943.2219.73
平均29 948.0328 180.056.277702.506717.7414.664672.613960.9317.97
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303028859608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Yield performance of Guishu No. 13 in Guangxi regional trials during 2020—2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place鲜薯产量Fresh storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%薯干产量Dry storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%淀粉产量Starch yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%
桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2
2020南宁34 221.0031 554.008.457939.206967.0513.954731.154055.2516.67
桂林36 796.5034 719.005.987727.257204.207.264383.454060.507.95
贺州25 120.5024 739.501.546330.306103.203.723909.753736.504.64
都安29 533.5025 780.5014.567708.206218.2523.964827.753770.4028.04
宜州28 084.5025 615.509.648641.656724.0528.525731.204220.7035.79
2021南宁29 509.5030 057.00–1.826610.206549.450.933874.503787.052.31
桂林34 098.0033 547.501.647944.907400.557.354743.754305.6010.18
贺州26 811.0026 023.503.036649.206318.455.234079.703842.256.18
都安27 417.0025 431.007.817046.106009.3017.254386.453610.9521.47
宜州26 272.5025 177.504.358914.206767.7031.726083.254286.4041.92
平均29 786.4028 264.505.527551.126626.2213.994675.103967.5617.52
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303112745689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2020—2021年桂薯13号在广西甘薯品种区域试验的产量表现

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place鲜薯产量Fresh storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%薯干产量Dry storage root yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%淀粉产量Starch yield/（kg·hm–2）增长率Increase percentage/%
桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2
2020南宁34 221.0031 554.008.457939.206967.0513.954731.154055.2516.67
桂林36 796.5034 719.005.987727.257204.207.264383.454060.507.95
贺州25 120.5024 739.501.546330.306103.203.723909.753736.504.64
都安29 533.5025 780.5014.567708.206218.2523.964827.753770.4028.04
宜州28 084.5025 615.509.648641.656724.0528.525731.204220.7035.79
2021南宁29 509.5030 057.00–1.826610.206549.450.933874.503787.052.31
桂林34 098.0033 547.501.647944.907400.557.354743.754305.6010.18
贺州26 811.0026 023.503.036649.206318.455.234079.703842.256.18
都安27 417.0025 431.007.817046.106009.3017.254386.453610.9521.47
宜州26 272.5025 177.504.358914.206767.7031.726083.254286.4041.92
平均29 786.4028 264.505.527551.126626.2213.994675.103967.5617.52
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303192437466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Storage root characters of Guishu No. 13 in Guangxi regional trials during 2020—2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place薯块干物率Dry matter rate of storage root/%增长率Increase percentage/%薯块淀粉率Starch rate of storage root/%增长率Increase percentage/%
桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2
2020南宁23.2022.085.0713.8312.857.63
桂林21.0020.751.2011.9111.701.79
贺州25.2024.672.1515.5615.103.05
都安26.1024.128.2116.3514.6311.76
宜州30.7726.2517.2220.4116.4823.85
2021南宁22.4021.792.8013.1312.604.21
桂林23.3022.065.6213.9112.838.42
贺州24.8024.282.1415.2214.763.12
都安25.7023.638.7616.0014.2012.68
宜州33.9326.8826.2323.1517.0236.02
平均25.6423.657.9415.9514.2212.17
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303263740635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2020—2021年桂薯13号在广西甘薯品种区域试验的薯块特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place薯块干物率Dry matter rate of storage root/%增长率Increase percentage/%薯块淀粉率Starch rate of storage root/%增长率Increase percentage/%
桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2Guishu No. 2桂薯13号Guishu No. 13桂薯2号Guishu No. 2
2020南宁23.2022.085.0713.8312.857.63
桂林21.0020.751.2011.9111.701.79
贺州25.2024.672.1515.5615.103.05
都安26.1024.128.2116.3514.6311.76
宜州30.7726.2517.2220.4116.4823.85
2021南宁22.4021.792.8013.1312.604.21
桂林23.3022.065.6213.9112.838.42
贺州24.8024.282.1415.2214.763.12
都安25.7023.638.7616.0014.2012.68
宜州33.9326.8826.2323.1517.0236.02
平均25.6423.657.9415.9514.2212.17
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303335043804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Characters of Guishu No. 13 aboveground part

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety萌芽性Sproutscharacter/%平均蔓长Longest average vine length/cm单株分枝数Branches of single plant茎粗Diameter of stem/cm叶形Shapeof leaf顶叶色Color of top leaf叶色Leaf color叶脉色Leaf vein color茎色Color of stem
桂薯13号89.46121.307.000.62深裂复缺刻黄绿色绿色基部紫色绿带紫色
桂薯2号85.34258.386.000.69心形黄绿色绿色绿色绿色
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303418929885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

桂薯13号地上部的特征特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety萌芽性Sproutscharacter/%平均蔓长Longest average vine length/cm单株分枝数Branches of single plant茎粗Diameter of stem/cm叶形Shapeof leaf顶叶色Color of top leaf叶色Leaf color叶脉色Leaf vein color茎色Color of stem
桂薯13号89.46121.307.000.62深裂复缺刻黄绿色绿色基部紫色绿带紫色
桂薯2号85.34258.386.000.69心形黄绿色绿色绿色绿色
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303515398878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Characters of Guishu No. 13 underground part

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety薯形Root shape薯皮色Skin color薯肉色Flesh color结薯习性Storage root formation单株结薯数Root number of single plant大中薯率Percent of commodity root/%食味评分Taste score
集中性Concentration整齐度Evenness
桂薯13号纺锤形紫红色橙红色较集中整齐5.3090.8078.50
桂薯2号长纺锤形红色黄色分散整齐3.9088.6075.00
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303569924831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

桂薯13号地下部的特征特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety薯形Root shape薯皮色Skin color薯肉色Flesh color结薯习性Storage root formation单株结薯数Root number of single plant大中薯率Percent of commodity root/%食味评分Taste score
集中性Concentration整齐度Evenness
桂薯13号纺锤形紫红色橙红色较集中整齐5.3090.8078.50
桂薯2号长纺锤形红色黄色分散整齐3.9088.6075.00
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303645422304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Incidence rate of Guishu No. 13 in field

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place薯瘟病Bactrium wilt蔓割病Fusarium wilt茎线虫病Stem nematode黑斑病Black rot根腐病Root rot
发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level
2020南宁0Ⅰ18.00Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ12.60Ⅱ
桂林0Ⅰ19.70Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ12.30Ⅱ
贺州0Ⅰ22.80Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ9.30Ⅱ
都安0Ⅰ21.80Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ9.30Ⅱ
宜州0Ⅰ22.67Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ11.40Ⅱ
2021南宁0Ⅰ21.30Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ10.50Ⅱ
桂林0Ⅰ19.00Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ14.40Ⅱ
贺州0Ⅰ18.67Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ12.30Ⅱ
都安0Ⅰ19.60Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ8.60Ⅱ
宜州0Ⅰ18.50Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ6.70Ⅱ
平均0Ⅰ20.20Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ10.74Ⅱ
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303712531169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

桂薯13号田间发病率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Year试点Place薯瘟病Bactrium wilt蔓割病Fusarium wilt茎线虫病Stem nematode黑斑病Black rot根腐病Root rot
发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level发病率Incidence rate/%发病等级Disease level
2020南宁0Ⅰ18.00Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ12.60Ⅱ
桂林0Ⅰ19.70Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ12.30Ⅱ
贺州0Ⅰ22.80Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ9.30Ⅱ
都安0Ⅰ21.80Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ9.30Ⅱ
宜州0Ⅰ22.67Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ11.40Ⅱ
2021南宁0Ⅰ21.30Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ10.50Ⅱ
桂林0Ⅰ19.00Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ14.40Ⅱ
贺州0Ⅰ18.67Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ12.30Ⅱ
都安0Ⅰ19.60Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ8.60Ⅱ
宜州0Ⅰ18.50Ⅱ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ6.70Ⅱ
平均0Ⅰ20.20Ⅲ0Ⅰ0Ⅰ10.74Ⅱ
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303783834338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 7, caption=

Disease resistance of Guishu No. 13

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病害种类Disease type抗病表现百分率Percentage of disease resistance expression/%综合评价Evaluation
黑斑病53.99MR
根腐病50.90MR
茎线虫病63.81S
蔓割病87.30HS
Ⅰ型薯瘟病88.89HS
Ⅱ型薯瘟病59.79MR
黑腐病83.70HS
基腐病80.70HS
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303850943203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

桂薯13号抗病性表现

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病害种类Disease type抗病表现百分率Percentage of disease resistance expression/%综合评价Evaluation
黑斑病53.99MR
根腐病50.90MR
茎线虫病63.81S
蔓割病87.30HS
Ⅰ型薯瘟病88.89HS
Ⅱ型薯瘟病59.79MR
黑腐病83.70HS
基腐病80.70HS
), ArticleFig(id=1276616303918052068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=EN, label=Tab. 8, caption=

Effect of different differentiation mediums on shoot apical plant regeneration of Guishu No. 13

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NAA浓度NAA concentration/（mg·L–1）6-BA浓度6-BA concentration/（mg·L–1）愈伤诱导率Callus induction rate/%再生率Regeneration rate/%脱毒率Virus-free rate/%
00000
0.050.581.33±0.88abc71.33±3.76abcdefg66.33±2.60ef
0.100.593.33±0.88ab85.67±2.03abcd74.33±1.86bcdef
0.200.585.33±0.88abc69.33±2.60abcdefg47.67±2.96g
0.300.576.67±4.67abcde63.00±4.62defgh60.67±2.60fg
0.400.572.67±4.33bcdef59.33±3.48efgh62.67±9.02fg
0.051.087.67±2.40ab79.00±3.06abcde65.33±5.21f
0.101.098.00±0.58a90.00±1.15ab84.00±2.08abcd
0.201.084.00±2.08abc80.00±0.58abcde76.15±1.93bcdef
0.301.076.33±7.51abcde67.00±3.79bcdefgh68.00±2.65def
0.401.071.33±9.02bcdef66.33±3.28bcdefgh63.67±2.19fg
0.052.085.67±0.88ab86.00±2.08abcd66.00±0.58f
0.102.094.33±1.20ab97.00±1.15a84.67±1.45abc
0.202.080.33±0.88abcd82.67±3.18abcde75.67±1.86bcdef
0.302.071.67±8.76bcdef75.67±2.85abcdefg68.67±2.19cdef
0.402.059.67±1.76cdef63.33±2.40defgh64.00±2.65fg
0.053.076.00±7.51abcdef75.00±2.65abcdefg76.00±2.52bcdef
0.103.092.33±0.88ab88.67±1.20abc85.00±2.08abc
0.203.077.00±6.08abcd75.67±2.85abcdefg73.59±1.23bcdef
0.303.055.33±6.36def63.67±2.60defgh64.33±2.19f
0.403.051.00±6.93f51.33±0.88gh59.67±2.33fg
0.054.079.00±2.31abcd64.00±2.65cdefgh82.67±7.86abcde
0.104.090.00±0.58ab77.67±1.86abcdef94.00±1.53a
0.204.084.33±1.45abc62.00±3.61defgh85.67±1.86ab
0.304.070.00±6.93bcdef53.00±3.00fgh73.33±1.45bcdef
0.404.051.67±4.98ef42.33±2.03h72.33±3.18bcdef
), ArticleFig(id=1276616304001938149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276616285710578300, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

不同分化培养基对桂薯13号茎尖植株再生的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NAA浓度NAA concentration/（mg·L–1）6-BA浓度6-BA concentration/（mg·L–1）愈伤诱导率Callus induction rate/%再生率Regeneration rate/%脱毒率Virus-free rate/%
00000
0.050.581.33±0.88abc71.33±3.76abcdefg66.33±2.60ef
0.100.593.33±0.88ab85.67±2.03abcd74.33±1.86bcdef
0.200.585.33±0.88abc69.33±2.60abcdefg47.67±2.96g
0.300.576.67±4.67abcde63.00±4.62defgh60.67±2.60fg
0.400.572.67±4.33bcdef59.33±3.48efgh62.67±9.02fg
0.051.087.67±2.40ab79.00±3.06abcde65.33±5.21f
0.101.098.00±0.58a90.00±1.15ab84.00±2.08abcd
0.201.084.00±2.08abc80.00±0.58abcde76.15±1.93bcdef
0.301.076.33±7.51abcde67.00±3.79bcdefgh68.00±2.65def
0.401.071.33±9.02bcdef66.33±3.28bcdefgh63.67±2.19fg
0.052.085.67±0.88ab86.00±2.08abcd66.00±0.58f
0.102.094.33±1.20ab97.00±1.15a84.67±1.45abc
0.202.080.33±0.88abcd82.67±3.18abcde75.67±1.86bcdef
0.302.071.67±8.76bcdef75.67±2.85abcdefg68.67±2.19cdef
0.402.059.67±1.76cdef63.33±2.40defgh64.00±2.65fg
0.053.076.00±7.51abcdef75.00±2.65abcdefg76.00±2.52bcdef
0.103.092.33±0.88ab88.67±1.20abc85.00±2.08abc
0.203.077.00±6.08abcd75.67±2.85abcdefg73.59±1.23bcdef
0.303.055.33±6.36def63.67±2.60defgh64.33±2.19f
0.403.051.00±6.93f51.33±0.88gh59.67±2.33fg
0.054.079.00±2.31abcd64.00±2.65cdefgh82.67±7.86abcde
0.104.090.00±0.58ab77.67±1.86abcdef94.00±1.53a
0.204.084.33±1.45abc62.00±3.61defgh85.67±1.86ab
0.304.070.00±6.93bcdef53.00±3.00fgh73.33±1.45bcdef
0.404.051.67±4.98ef42.33±2.03h72.33±3.18bcdef
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鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号筛选及组培技术研究
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滑金锋 1 , 李彦青 1 , 黄咏梅 1 , 陈天渊 1 , 银捷 1 , 李永珍 2 , 黄学华 2 , 廖金秀 1 , 邓锡肖 1 , 陈红操 1 , 李慧峰 1, *
热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2025,46(11): 2623-2632
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热带作物学报 |种质资源与遗传育种 2025 , 46 (11) : 2623 -2632
鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号筛选及组培技术研究
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滑金锋（1984—），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：甘薯育种与害虫防治。

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滑金锋（1984—），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：甘薯育种与害虫防治。

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滑金锋1, 李彦青1, 黄咏梅1, 陈天渊1, 银捷1, 李永珍2, 黄学华2, 廖金秀1, 邓锡肖1, 陈红操1, 李慧峰1, *
作者信息
  • 1.广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所甘薯遗传育种与应用研究室，广西南宁　530007
  • 2.广西壮族自治区农业科学院，广西南宁　530007
通讯作者:
* 李慧峰（LI Huifeng），E-mail：。
Screening and Tissue Culture of A New Fresh-eating Sweet Potato Variety Guishu No. 13
Jinfeng HUA1, Yanqing LI1, Yongmei HUANG1, Tianyuan CHEN1, Jie YIN1, Yongzhen LI2, Xuehua HUANG2, Jinxiu LIAO1, Xixiao DENG1, Hongcao CHEN1, Huifeng LI1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Sweet Potato Genetics, Breeding and Application Research Laboratory, Maize Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
  • 2.Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
出版时间: 2025-11-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.11.008
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摘要
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为满足鲜食型甘薯品种及健康种苗的市场需求，本研究选育出了鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号，并建立脱毒种苗繁育技术体系。桂薯13号以桂薯10号为母本进行自然授粉，经实生种子选育出的优良品系。该品种紫红皮橙黄肉，结薯集中，中大薯型。β-胡萝卜素含量为1790 mg/100 g，蛋白质含量为1860 mg/100 g，还原糖含量为1200 mg/100 g。生产试验中鲜薯产量29786.40 kg/hm2和淀粉产量4675.10 kg/hm2分别比桂薯2号（CK）增产5.52%和17.52%。桂薯13号中抗蔓割病、黑斑病和茎线虫病。最佳愈伤分化培养基为：MS+0.10 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6-BA；愈伤发芽率最高的培养基配方为：MS+0.20 mg/L NAA+2 mg/L 6-BA。桂薯13号丰产稳产性好，鲜食产量高，脱毒繁育体系的建立，为桂薯13号的开发及应用奠定基础。

甘薯  /  桂薯13号  /  品种选育  /  鲜食型  /  脱毒繁育体系

The study developed a new fresh-eating sweet potato variety Guishu No. 13 and established its virus-free seedling breeding technology system to meet the market demand for fresh-eating sweet potato varieties and healthy seedlings. Guishu No. 13 was bred from seeds by open pollinated using Guizhu No. 10 as mother. The variety has purple red skin, orange yellow flesh, and a high rate of medium to large storage roots. The content of β-carotene, protein and reducing sugar was 1790 mg/100 g, 1860 mg/100 g and 1200 mg/100 g, respectively. In the production experiment, the starch storage roots yield was 29 786.40 kg/hm2 and starch yield was 4675.10 kg/hm2, which increased by 5.52% and 17.52% respectively compared to Guishu No. 2 (CK). Guishu No. 13 has moderate resistance to Fusarium wilt, black rot, and stem nematode. The best culture medium for callus differentiation and germination rate of Guishu No. 13 was MS+0.10 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6-BA and MS+0.20 mg/L NAA+2 mg/L 6-BA, respectively. Guishu No. 13 has good yield and stability, high fresh storage root yield, and the establishment of a virus-free breeding system would lay the foundation for the development and application of the Guishu No. 13.

sweet potato  /  Guishu No. 13  /  variety breeding  /  fresh-eating  /  virus-free breeding system
滑金锋, 李彦青, 黄咏梅, 陈天渊, 银捷, 李永珍, 黄学华, 廖金秀, 邓锡肖, 陈红操, 李慧峰. 鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号筛选及组培技术研究. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (11) : 2623 -2632 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.11.008
Jinfeng HUA, Yanqing LI, Yongmei HUANG, Tianyuan CHEN, Jie YIN, Yongzhen LI, Xuehua HUANG, Jinxiu LIAO, Xixiao DENG, Hongcao CHEN, Huifeng LI. Screening and Tissue Culture of A New Fresh-eating Sweet Potato Variety Guishu No. 13[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (11) : 2623 -2632 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.11.008
正文
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甘薯[Ipomoea batatas（L.）Lam.]是旋花科（Convolvulaceae）甘薯属（Ipomoea）一年生或多年生双子叶蔓生草本植物，为全球第七大粮食作物，在全球100多个国家广泛种植[1-2]。中国甘薯种植面积及产量均居世界首位。联合国粮食及农业组织数据库全球统计资料显示，2023年中国甘薯种植总面积达到215.73×104 hm2，产量为4682.87×104 t，分别占世界甘薯的29.72%和54.05%[3]。甘薯稳产高产，营养丰厚，富含蛋白质、脂肪、多糖、矿物质、多种维生素和氨基酸。甘薯既是我国重要的粮食作物，又是重要的饲料及工业原料作物，并且具有很高的营养价值和保健作用，在我国的粮食安全和能源安全中扮演着重要角色[4-5]。
随着人民生活水平的不断提高和健康意识的逐渐提升，鲜食甘薯的营养价值和保健功能越来越受消费者的青睐[6-7]，特别是富含硒元素、花青素等功能型甘薯品种的市场需求日益增长[8]。广西甘薯育种始于20世纪80年代初，2000年前后广西甘薯育种进入快车道。广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所先后选育出一系列鲜食型甘薯品种，如桂薯2号[9]、桂薯96-8[10]、桂紫薯1号[11]、桂紫薇薯1号[12]、桂薯10号[13]等。作为鲜食甘薯的主产区，近年来广西甘薯周年种植面积稳定在20万hm2左右，是居水稻、玉米之后的第三大粮食作物[14]。由于甘薯经济贸易的快速增加，种薯、种苗频繁调运，甘薯病毒病（Sweet potato virus diseases，SPVD）在我国甘薯主产区快速传播。这种病害对甘薯的产量和质量造成了极大的威胁，由甘薯病毒病造成的产量损失高达50%以上，每年造成数十亿经济损失，严重制约我国甘薯产业的健康发展[15-16]，亟需选育优质鲜食型甘薯新品种以及建立其脱毒种苗繁育体系。
优良品种的放任授粉是甘薯育种的主要方法之一[17]，甘薯脱毒种苗繁育体系可以有效减少甘薯病毒病为害，因此本研究以鲜食型品种桂薯10号为母本[13]，通过放任授粉，从后代实生种子中培育甘薯新品种，经过长期的世代选择和多点综合鉴定，选育出鲜食甘薯新品种桂薯13号，并建立桂薯13号脱毒快繁再生体系，为鲜食甘薯产业的蓬勃发展提供良种、良方支撑。
1　材料与方法
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1.1　材料
桂薯10号为桂薯13号的母本，该品种为广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所2020年通过国家农作物新品种登记的鲜食型甘薯品种，具有高产、薯形美观、营养丰富、口感好、抗病性强、适应性广等优点[13]。
桂薯2号紫红皮浅黄肉，食味品质好。在南方四省区试试验中，桂薯2号鲜薯平均产量为28 470.00 kg/hm2，居参试品种之首位。该品种抗薯瘟病、耐旱、耐寒、耐贫瘠，目前是广西全区累计种植面积最大的品种，故用桂薯2号作为对照品种（CK）[9]。
1.2　方法
1.2.1　选育过程
根据鲜食型甘薯杂交育种的目标要求，引进国内外具有不同遗传背景、高产、食味优、多抗的种质资源，通过鉴定、评价，选择优势亲本，建立甘薯放任授粉群体。2016年以鲜食型桂薯10号为母本通过放任授粉获得实生种子。2017年进行杂交种子实生系初步鉴定，选留第17-1254号株系为优良品系。2018—2019年进入产量比较试验，调查分析该品种生育规律，鉴定结薯早晚和丰产性。2020—2021年参加广西甘薯新品系多点鉴定试验，鉴定鲜薯、薯干、淀粉产量、抗病性和农艺性状。2021—2022年进行DUS测试试验。2023年申请品种登记，2024年获非主要农作物品种登记，证书编号为GPD甘薯（2024）450024（图1）。
1.2.2　F1优系筛选、鉴定
2017年5月15日甘薯实生种子催芽处理。将甘薯实生种子放入盛浓硫酸的朔料杯中浸泡20 min左右，倒出浓硫酸，将浸泡后的种子用清水彻底清洗，以去除残留的浓硫酸，然后将清洗后的种子放置在（28±1）℃恒温箱中进行催芽。过夜催芽后实生种子点播于育苗盘中，薯苗五叶左右移栽大田育苗。7月20日，在广西壮族自治区农业科学院明阳试验基地单垄开沟种植，优选系随机排列，每份优选系种植面积12 m2。12月15日收获全部优选系，现场测定鲜薯总产量。收获后1周内，以桂薯2号为对照品种（CK），测定干物率和食味，并且参照GB 5009.7—2016和NY/T 1278—2007检测方法分别测定还原糖含量和可溶性糖含量。
1.2.3　品种比较试验
2018—2019年在广西壮族自治区农业科学院明阳试验基地进行品种比较试验。小区面积为40 m2，设3个重复，以桂薯2号为CK，测定鲜薯、薯干产量以及薯块干物质含量，并记录或计算商品薯率、蔓长、分支数、熟食味香等特征、品质。
1.2.4　品种适应性产量表现和品质测定
2020—2021年广西甘薯新品种区域试验在南宁、都安、宜州、桂林和贺州进行。采用随机区组设计田间试验，设3个重复，每个小区面积为40 m2。起垄种植，垄距为1 m，株距为20 cm，种植密度为52 500株/hm2。生长期进行常规管理，以桂薯2号为CK，测定鲜薯产量（参照DB61T 1022—2016）、薯干产量、淀粉产量、薯块干物质含量、可溶性糖含量、还原糖含量、蛋白质含量、熟食味香等，并计算干物率、淀粉率。其中以GB 5009.83—2016、GB/T 22244—2008和GB 5009.5—2016为依据分别检测β-胡萝卜素、花青素和蛋白质的含量。
1.2.5　特征特性鉴定
2020—2021年参照杨松涛等[18]的方法对桂薯13号特征进行调查和记载。
1.2.6　抗病性鉴定
2020—2021年广西甘薯新品种区域性试验中，根据杨松涛等[18]的方法计算桂薯13号的甘薯黑斑病、甘薯根腐病、甘薯茎线虫病、甘薯蔓割病、甘薯薯瘟病、黑腐病、甘薯基腐病抗性鉴定的田间自然发病率。此外，2022年7—11月在徐州甘薯研究中心对桂薯13号薯瘟病抗性、黑斑病抗性、茎线虫病抗性、根腐病抗性、蔓割病抗性、黑腐病抗性和基腐病抗性进行鉴定。各类病害的发病等级划分：Ⅰ级，即发病率X=0；Ⅱ级，即发病率0<X≤20；Ⅲ级，即发病率20<X≤40；Ⅳ级，即发病率40<X≤60；V级，即发病率X≥60以上。
1.2.7　转基因检测
2023年3月在南宁海关技术中心对桂薯13号进行转基因检测。
1.2.8　脱毒种苗繁育体系建立
（1）茎尖再生。选择无病虫害的桂薯13号薯块，在灭菌的蛭石与泥土炭混合基质中催芽。参照李雨洁等[19]的方法，2024年对桂薯13号茎尖进行表面消毒及分生组织剥离。剪取约3 cm茎尖，自来水冲洗表面后，用70%乙醇表面消毒30 s，接着用2%次氯酸钠溶液浸泡20 min，然后用双蒸水冲洗3~4次。切取0.2~0.5 mm茎尖分生组织，接种到含有不同浓度激素[萘乙酸（NAA）、6-苄氨基腺嘌呤（6-BA）]配比的MS培养基（pH 5.8）中培养，诱导芽的分化。培养温度为（27±1）℃，光照强度为3 000 lx，光周期为13 h∶11 h（L∶D）。筛选最佳愈伤诱导培养基。茎尖膨大变绿后转接至含有不同浓度激素[萘乙酸（NAA）、6-苄氨基腺嘌呤（6-BA）]配比的MS培养基（pH 5.8）中诱导再生植株。
（2）再生植株脱毒检测。茎尖分生组织培养的组培苗，参照NY/T 402—2000《脱毒甘薯种薯（苗）病毒检测技术规程》分别检测是否含有甘薯羽状斑驳病毒（Sweet potato feathery mottle virus，SPFMV）、甘薯潜隐病毒（Sweet potato latent virus，SPLV）、甘薯G病毒（Sweet potato virus G，SPVG）、甘薯病毒2（Sweet potato virus2，SPV2）、甘菩褪绿斑病毒（Sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus，SPCFV）、甘薯褪绿矮化病毒（Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus，SPCSV）和甘薯卷叶病毒（Sweet potato leaf curl virus，SPLCV）。
1.3　数据处理
试验数据采用Data Processing System软件LSD法进行统计和分析[20]。
2　结果与分析
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2.1　品系鉴定及产比试验结果
2018—2019年将优选品系桂薯17-1254种植于复选圃和高鉴圃进行鉴定，结果显示其平均鲜薯产量、淀粉产量和薯干产量分别为29948.03、3960.93、7702.50 kg/hm2，较CK分别增产6.27%、17.97%和14.66%（表1）。
2.2　区域适应性试验中的产量表现
2020—2021年桂薯13号在甘薯新品种区域试验的产量表现如表2所示，5个试点全部增产，2 a平均鲜薯产量、薯干产量和淀粉产量分别为29 786.40、7551.12、4675.10 kg/hm2，较CK分别增加5.52%、13.99%（P<0.05）和17.52%（P<0.01）。以上结果显示，桂薯13号的平均鲜薯产量比CK高出5.00%以上，淀粉产量比CK显著增产15.00%以上，具有显著的丰产性和稳产性，适宜在广西薯区推广种植。
桂薯13号在广西甘薯新品种区域试验中薯块干物质含量和淀粉率如表3所示。2020—2021年桂薯13号在5个试点的平均薯块干物质含量为25.64%、淀粉率为15.95%，分别比CK高7.94%和12.17%。
2.3　区适应性试验中主要农艺性状鉴定
桂薯13号的主要农艺性状特征特性如图2、表4和表5所示。地上部株型匍匐，平均蔓长为121.30 cm，节间长度为3.90 cm。顶叶和成叶均深裂复缺刻形，顶叶黄绿色，成叶绿色，叶脉基部紫色，茎尖绿带紫色。叶柄绿色，柄基绿色，平均叶柄长为19.50 cm。茎为绿色，平均茎粗为0.62 cm；薯块纺锤形，薯皮紫红色，薯肉橙红色。结薯集中，单株结薯数为5.30个，大中薯率为90.80%。β-胡萝卜素含量为1790 mg/100 g，蛋白质含量为1860 mg/100 g，还原糖含量为1200 mg/100 g，可溶性糖含量为1.95%，熟食味评分为78.50分，比CK高3.50分，熟食品质优；薯干光滑平整，淀粉率较高，商品性较好。
2.4　抗病性鉴定
桂薯13号田间发病率调查结果显示，蔓割病在各试验点均有发生，发病率介于18.00%~2.80%之间，2020年在宜州、都安和贺州3个试点蔓割病的田间发病率分别为22.67%、21.80%和22.80%，发病等级为Ⅲ级，南宁和桂林试点的发病率分别为18.00%和19.70%，发病等级为Ⅱ级；根腐病在各试点也有轻微发生，发生率介于6.70%~14.40%之间，发病等级均为Ⅱ级；此外甘薯的茎线虫病、薯瘟病和黑腐病在各试点均未发现发病植株，等级为Ⅰ级（表6）。江苏徐州甘薯研究中心室内外鉴定桂薯13号中抗Ⅱ型薯瘟病、黑斑病和根腐病；感茎线虫病；高感蔓割病、Ⅰ型薯瘟病、黑腐病和基腐病（表7）。而广东省农业科学院分析测定桂薯2号为中抗薯瘟病[9]。
2.5　转基因检测
使用外源基因检测标准SN/T 1204—2016对桂薯13号进行转基因检测，结果显示pCaMV35S、tNOS、pFMV35S以及NPTⅡ基因均未检出。
2.6　桂薯13号茎尖脱毒体系的建立
桂薯13号茎尖分生组织在含有不同浓度激素（NAA和6-BA）配比的MS固体培养基上培养，5~8 d茎尖逐渐膨大变绿。桂薯13号愈伤组织培养20~30 d生根发芽，逐渐发育成为完整再生植株（图3）。比较各激素质量浓度处理的培养基中桂薯13号愈伤诱导情况，结果如表8所示，桂薯13号茎尖分生组织在未添加激素的培养基上不产生愈伤组织；在添加0.10 mg/L NAA和1.0 g/L 6-BA的培养基中愈伤组织诱导率最高，平均达98.00%；在含有0.40 mg/L NAA和3.0 mg/L 6-BA的培养基中愈伤组织诱导率最低，平均诱导率为42.33%。桂薯13号在添加0.10 mg/L NAA和2.0 mg/L 6-BA的培养基中愈伤组织发芽率最高，平均达97.00%；在含有0.40 mg/L NAA和4.0 mg/L 6-BA的培养基中愈伤组织发芽率最低，平均发芽率为51.00%。不同激素质量浓度处理的培养基，桂薯13号茎尖分生组织愈伤诱导率及愈伤组织发芽率差异显著，且随着激素质量浓度的升高，愈伤组织的诱导率和发芽率逐渐降低，表明高质量浓度的激素会抑制桂薯13号茎尖分生组织愈伤及发芽分化的形成。
采用PCR方法分别检测桂薯13号再生植株是否含有有甘薯羽状斑驳病毒、甘薯潜隐病毒、甘薯G病毒、甘薯病毒2、甘菩褪绿斑病毒、甘薯褪绿矮化病毒和甘薯卷叶病毒。统计各激素处理培养基中桂薯13号再生植株脱毒率，结果显示在添加0.10 mg/L NAA和4.0 mg/L 6-BA的培养基中再生植株脱毒率最高，平均达94.00%；在含有0.20 mg/L NAA和0.5 mg/L 6-BA的培养基中脱毒率最低，平均脱毒率为47.67%（表8）。
3　讨论
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近年来，甘薯产业呈现出快速发展的态势，鲜食型甘薯因其独特的营养价值和口感，逐渐成为遗传育种研究的热点。随着人们对健康食品的需求增加，鲜食型甘薯因其丰富的营养成分和保健功能而备受青睐，这进一步推动了相关研究的深入。自20世纪50年代以来，我国先后育成北京553、烟薯1号、济薯5号、南薯88号、苏薯8号等鲜食型甘薯品种[17]。目前，我国甘薯种植面积较大的鲜食型品种有烟薯25号、普薯32号、济薯26号、龙薯9号、广薯87号和苏薯16号等[17,21]，但这些主栽品种综合抗病性较差，且存在品种退化、优质高产鲜食型甘薯品种偏少等问题，难以满足不同群体对各类鲜食甘薯品种的需求，优质鲜食型甘薯新品种的选育需要进一步加强[17]。
自20世纪90年代以来，广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所薯类研究室根据市场的需求选育出一系列鲜食型甘薯品种，如桂薯2号、桂紫薇薯1号、桂薯10号等。为进一步满足南方薯区优质鲜食型甘薯新品种的市场需求，本研究选用的母本材料为桂薯10号。该品种高产稳产（2017年“天豫杯”全国高产竞赛中获得三等奖、2019年“光友杯”全国高产竞赛中获得一等奖、2020年“泗水杯”全国高产竞赛中获得三等奖）、食味品质优（广西审定比对照高3.1分）、薯形美观、富含多种营养物质（硒含量为14 μg/100 g、可溶性糖含量为13.80 g/100 g、胡萝卜素含量为6.08 mg/100 g、维生素C含量为12.40 mg/100 g）、开花性好、亲和力强、综合抗病性强（高抗蔓割病，中抗黑斑病，抗茎线虫病）等优点[13]，是桂薯13号优质、高产和抗病特性的重要基因来源。2017年进行实生苗系鉴定，主要以萌芽、薯皮、薯肉、结薯特性、产量等方面筛选出桂薯17-1254新品系。2018—2019年通过复选圃和高鉴圃进行鉴定，其平均鲜薯产量、淀粉产量和薯干产量分别为29 948.03、3960.93、7702.50 kg/hm2。区域试验中桂薯13号产量和品质表现均较好，也较稳定。例如：全区5个示范点连续2 a平均鲜薯产量、薯干产量和淀粉产量分别为29 786.40、7551.12、4675.10 kg/hm2，平均薯块干物质含量为25.64%、淀粉率为15.95%，均显著优于CK。并且β-胡萝卜素、蛋白质、还原糖、可溶性糖、熟食味均表现突出。本研究根据鲜食型甘薯发展趋势，聚焦育种目标，成功选育出丰产稳产，熟食品质好，中抗蔓割病、薯瘟病、茎线虫病和根腐病，适宜在广西各地及与其气候相近薯区种植的桂薯13号。
病毒病是甘薯生产中的一类重要病害，主要通过病毒侵染甘薯植株，对其生长、发育、产量和品质造成严重影响[22]。甘薯病毒病是制约甘薯产业发展的重大病害，目前缺乏有效的抗病毒甘薯品种和特效药剂。在这种情况下，甘薯脱毒技术成为防范甘薯病毒病、提高甘薯产量的最有效方法之一。研究表明，脱毒后的甘薯一般可增产20%~30%，并且能够改善其外观和商品性。在实际应用中，甘薯脱毒技术已取得显著成效[23-24]，但每个甘薯品种最佳愈伤组织诱导率及发芽率需要探索最优的激素配比。本研究鉴定了桂薯13号茎尖分生组织愈伤诱导及发芽率最适的激素配比，并且分析了不同激素配比培养中的脱毒率。其中，最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为0.10 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+MS，平均诱导率为98.00%；最佳愈伤组织发芽率培养基为0.20 mg/L NAA+ 2.0 mg/L 6-BA+MS，平均发芽率为97.00%；最佳脱毒率培养基为0.10 mg/L NAA+4.0 mg/L 6-BA+ MS，最高脱毒率平均达94.00%。本研究选育了鲜食型甘薯新品种桂薯13号，并建立其茎尖脱毒再生技术体系，为推动鲜食型甘薯产业的快速发展奠定坚实基础。
基金
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  • 广西科技厅重点研发项目(桂农科AB241484044)
  • 广西农业科学院玉米研究所科技发展项目(桂玉科2023)
  • 财政部和农业农村部项目(CARS-10-C17)
文献
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2025年第46卷第11期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.11.008
  • 接收时间：2025-02-28
  • 首发时间：2026-06-24
  • 出版时间：2025-11-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-02-28
  • 录用日期：2025-06-19
基金
广西科技厅重点研发项目(桂农科AB241484044)
广西农业科学院玉米研究所科技发展项目(桂玉科2023)
财政部和农业农村部项目(CARS-10-C17)
作者信息
    1.广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所甘薯遗传育种与应用研究室，广西南宁　530007
    2.广西壮族自治区农业科学院，广西南宁　530007

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* 李慧峰（LI Huifeng），E-mail：。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.11.008
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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