Article(id=1277241014347755618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277239982603502113, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.05.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733760000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1737475200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-01-22, onlineDate=1782447587810, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782447587810, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782447587810, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782447587810, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277239982603502113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='1025', pageEnd='1277', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748102400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782447341824, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782447947315, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277242522292319215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277239982603502113, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277242522292319216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277239982603502113, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1084, endPage=1093, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277241014628773988, articleId=1277241014347755618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Comprehensive Analysis of SSR Loci Within the Ficus hirta Vahl. Transcriptome and the Developmental Application of Molecular Markers, columnId=1236256430337085821, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Omics & Biotechnology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Fici Hirtae Radix, a Chinese herbal medicine, is prepared from the dry roots of Ficus hirta Vahl. This study aimed to provide theoretical and empirical support for the genetic diversity analysis, genetic map construction, and assisted breeding of F. hirta Vahl. by developing SSR molecular markers. Four typical leaves of F. hirta Vahl. were selected as the samples, and site feature analysis and molecular marker development were performed after transcriptome sequencing. A total of 16 851 SSR loci were identified from 34 375 transcriptome unigene sequences, distributed across 12 094 unigene sequences, resulting in a distribution frequency of 35.18%. The average frequency was one SSR locus every 2638 bp, with a density of 3.68 kb. Five distinct nucleotide motifs were observed, with the motif repeating six times being the most prevalent, constituting 20.92% of all SSRs, and typically less than 29 bp in length. Di-nucleotide repeats were predominant, followed by tri-and tetra-nucleotide repeats. (AG/CT)n was the most abundant repeat motif, representing 26.05% of all SSRs, while (AT/AT)n was the second most common, accounting for 18.69%. 100 EST-SSR primers were randomly selected to amplify target product using genomic DNA from four different leaf types of F. hirta Vahl. 89 primers exhibited polymorphism across the germplasms. Nine primer pairs, distinguished by the high definition and clarity, were selected to perform DNA amplification and construct DNA fingerprints for 31 specimens sourced from different regions. The average percentage of polymorphic bands observed across these primers was 72.04%. The substantial degree of polymorphism facilitated the unambiguous identification of each of the 31 germplasm samples, and robust DNA fingerprint profiles were successfully established for each specimen. This study demonstrated that SSR loci within the transcriptome of F. hirta Vahl. were rich in information and highly utilizable, offering valuable data support for future research endeavors.

, authors=null, authorsList=Qing YAN, Yanan QIN, Hualin ZHANG, Wenxiu LI, Yana YE, Anying HUANG, Ping LUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ping LUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277241017401208944, articleId=1277241014347755618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=粗叶榕转录组SSR位点分析及分子标记开发, columnId=1236256430517440904, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=组学与生物技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

五指毛桃(Fici Hirtae Radix)是一种中药材,其来源于粗叶榕(Ficus hirta Vahl.)的干燥根部。开发利用药用植物粗叶榕SSR分子标记,为其种质遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、辅助育种等提供理论依据及数据支撑。以粗叶榕全缘、三裂、五裂、七裂4种典型叶片为试材,经转录组测序后进行位点特征分析及分子标记开发。结果表明:基于34 375条转录组unigene序列,筛选到16 851个SSR位点,分布于12 094条unigene,分布频率为35.18%,平均每2638 bp有1个SSR位点,分布密度为3.68 kb。共观察到5种不同核苷酸基序类型,其中最常见的是重复6次的基序,占SSR总数的20.92%,且长度基本小于29 bp。双碱基重复序列占主导地位,其次是三碱基和四碱基重复类型。其中,(AG/CT)n是最常见的基元,占所有SSR的26.05%;其次是(AT/AT)n基元,占18.69%。随机选取100条EST-SSR引物,以粗叶榕4种不同叶型的基因组DNA扩增目标产物,其中89条引物在粗叶榕4个种质间表现出多态性。选取9对条带清晰的引物,对不同地区的31个粗叶榕种质进行DNA扩增和指纹图谱构建,这些引物组合多态性条带比例均值达72.04%,并对31个种质进行了有效鉴别,成功建立了DNA指纹图谱。研究结果证明粗叶榕转录组SSR位点信息丰富,利用性高,可为后续研究提供数据支撑。

, authors=

燕青(1997—),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:南药种质资源收集、鉴定与创新利用。

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* 罗萍(LUO Ping),E-mail:
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燕青(1997—),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:南药种质资源收集、鉴定与创新利用。

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燕青(1997—),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:南药种质资源收集、鉴定与创新利用。

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Genetic relationship analysis of persimmon by SCoT, IRAP and SSR molecular markers[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2018. 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Analysis of SSR site characteristics of Trifolium repens transcriptome and primer development[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2023, 40(9): 2266-2275. 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SSR site information analysis and marker development of pepper (Cap sicum annuum L.) anther transcriptome[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2023, 21(23): 7803-7810. 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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Genome-wide development of SSR markers in Saccharina ja-ponica, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241033524113645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=7, pageStart=1351, pageEnd=1358, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=45, authorNames=揭应碧, 卢迎春, 宋婉玲, 韦坤华, 张广辉, 杨生超, journalName=热带作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=揭应碧, 卢迎春, 宋婉玲, 韦坤华, 张广辉, 杨生超. 三七基因组SSR位点分析和多态性引物开发[J]. 热带作物学报, 2018, 39(7): 1351-1358., articleTitle=三七基因组SSR位点分析和多态性引物开发, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035180863726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=7, pageStart=1351, pageEnd=1358, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=46, authorNames=JIE Y B, LU Y C, SONG W L, WEI K H, ZHANG G H, YANG S C, journalName=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIE Y B, LU Y C, SONG W L, WEI K H, ZHANG G H, YANG S C. Analysis of SSR loci information in Panax notoginseng genomes and polymorphic primers development[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2018, 39(7): 1351-1358. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of SSR loci information in Panax notoginseng genomes and polymorphic primers development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035273138415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=47, authorNames=陈巍, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈巍. 三叶木通微卫星序列分析及其在核心种质构建中的应用[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2023., articleTitle=三叶木通微卫星序列分析及其在核心种质构建中的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035336052976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=48, authorNames=CHEN W, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN W. Microsatellite sequence analysis of Akebia trifoliata and application in core collection construction[D]. Ya’an: Sichuan Agriculture University, 2023. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Microsatellite sequence analysis of Akebia trifoliata and application in core collection construction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035415744753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=33, issue=4, pageStart=707, pageEnd=717, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=49, authorNames=王彬彬, 高妍夏, 郭欣慰, 纪宏亮, 王敬, 王晖, journalName=西北农业学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王彬彬, 高妍夏, 郭欣慰, 纪宏亮, 王敬, 王晖. 基于高通量测序的北柴胡根转录组SSR位点信息分析[J]. 西北农业学报, 2024, 33(4): 707-717., articleTitle=基于高通量测序的北柴胡根转录组SSR位点信息分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035487047922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=33, issue=4, pageStart=707, pageEnd=717, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=50, authorNames=WANG B B, GAO Y X, GUO X W, JI H L, WANG J, WANG H, journalName=Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG B B, GAO Y X, GUO X W, JI H L, WANG J, WANG H. SSR loci analysis using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing in roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 707-717. (in Chinese), articleTitle=SSR loci analysis using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing in roots of Bupleurum chinense DC., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035558351091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=51, authorNames=周胜芳, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周胜芳. 石斛SSR分子标记的开发及应用研究[D]. 南充: 西华师范大学, 2023., articleTitle=石斛SSR分子标记的开发及应用研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035633848565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=52, authorNames=ZHOU S F, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU S F. Development and application of SSR molecular markers for the Dendrobium[D]. Nanchong: China West Normal University, 2023. 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Transcriptome SSR analysis of seedling leaves in maize wild relative species teosinte[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2020, 28(2): 69-75. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Transcriptome SSR analysis of seedling leaves in maize wild relative species teosinte, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035839369464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=5, pageStart=1013, pageEnd=1022, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=55, authorNames=蒋爽, 张学英, 安海山, 徐芳杰, 章加应, journalName=园艺学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蒋爽, 张学英, 安海山, 徐芳杰, 章加应. 枇杷全基因组SSR标记开发及其多态性研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(5): 1013-1022., articleTitle=枇杷全基因组SSR标记开发及其多态性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241035910672633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=5, pageStart=1013, pageEnd=1022, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=56, authorNames=JIANG S, ZHANG X Y, AN H S, XU F J, ZHANG J Y, journalName=Acta Horticulturae Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIANG S, ZHANG X Y, AN H S, XU F J, ZHANG J Y. Development and analysis of polymorphism of SSR markers in the whole genome of loquat[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 1013-1022. 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Development of SSR molecular markers based on transcriptome and analysis of genetic relationship of germplasm resources in avocado[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2020, 47(8): 1552-1564. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development of SSR molecular markers based on transcriptome and analysis of genetic relationship of germplasm resources in avocado, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241036128776445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=51, issue=1, pageStart=182, pageEnd=189, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=59, authorNames=陈友吾, 廖荣俊, 叶碧欢, 宋其岩, 杨阳, 李楠, 李海波, journalName=中草药, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈友吾, 廖荣俊, 叶碧欢, 宋其岩, 杨阳, 李楠, 李海波. 多花黄精转录组SSR位点分析及分子标记开发[J]. 中草药, 2020, 51(1): 182-189., articleTitle=多花黄精转录组SSR位点分析及分子标记开发, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241036216856830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=51, issue=1, pageStart=182, pageEnd=189, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=60, authorNames=CHEN Y W, LIAO R J, YE B H, SONG Q Y, YANG Y, LI N, LI H B, journalName=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Y W, LIAO R J, YE B H, SONG Q Y, YANG Y, LI N, LI H B. Analysis on SSR loci in transcriptome and development of molecular markers in Polygonatum cyrtonema[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2020, 51(1): 182-189. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis on SSR loci in transcriptome and development of molecular markers in Polygonatum cyrtonema, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277241036292354303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=11, issue=8, pageStart=1441, pageEnd=1452, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=61, authorNames=TEMNYKH S, DECLERCK G, LUKASHOVA A, LIPOVICH L, CARTINHOUR S, MCCOUCH S, journalName=Genome Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TEMNYKH S, DECLERCK G, LUKASHOVA A, LIPOVICH L, CARTINHOUR S, MCCOUCH S. Computational and experimental analysis of microsatellites in rice (Oryza sativa L.): frequency, length variation, transposon associations, and genetic marker potential[J]. 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Information of germplasm resource samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.来源Source种质名称Germplasm name
1广东翠洋楼1-5(CYL1)
2广东翠洋楼3-3(CYL3)
3广东翠洋楼5-3(CYL5)
4广东牛栏坡1-1(NLP1)
5广东牛栏坡3-6(NLP3)
6广东红旗1-1(HQ1)
7广东红旗3-1(HQ3)
8广东红旗5-4(HQ5)
9广东金埇1-3(JY1)
10广东金埇3-1(JY3)
11广东金埇5-1(JY5)
12广东团结1-1(TJ1)
13广东团结3-1(TJ3)
14广东团结5-4(TJ5)
15广西宁潭1-3(NT1)
16广西宁潭3-2(NT3)
17广西宁潭5-3(NT5)
18广西山埇1-4(SY1)
19广西山埇3-8(SY3)
20广西山埇5-10(SY5)
21福建分路亭1号(FLT1)
22福建分路亭5-2(FLT5)
23福建分路亭7-1(FLT7)
24云南景洪1号(JH3)
25云南景洪4号(JH1))
26云南沧源1号(CY1)
27云南补蚌村1号(BB1)
28云南曼丹村1号(MD1)
29云南清凉2号(QL2)
30云南曼烟1号(MY1)
31云南曼乃1号(MN1)
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028222513335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

种质资源样品信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号No.来源Source种质名称Germplasm name
1广东翠洋楼1-5(CYL1)
2广东翠洋楼3-3(CYL3)
3广东翠洋楼5-3(CYL5)
4广东牛栏坡1-1(NLP1)
5广东牛栏坡3-6(NLP3)
6广东红旗1-1(HQ1)
7广东红旗3-1(HQ3)
8广东红旗5-4(HQ5)
9广东金埇1-3(JY1)
10广东金埇3-1(JY3)
11广东金埇5-1(JY5)
12广东团结1-1(TJ1)
13广东团结3-1(TJ3)
14广东团结5-4(TJ5)
15广西宁潭1-3(NT1)
16广西宁潭3-2(NT3)
17广西宁潭5-3(NT5)
18广西山埇1-4(SY1)
19广西山埇3-8(SY3)
20广西山埇5-10(SY5)
21福建分路亭1号(FLT1)
22福建分路亭5-2(FLT5)
23福建分路亭7-1(FLT7)
24云南景洪1号(JH3)
25云南景洪4号(JH1))
26云南沧源1号(CY1)
27云南补蚌村1号(BB1)
28云南曼丹村1号(MD1)
29云南清凉2号(QL2)
30云南曼烟1号(MY1)
31云南曼乃1号(MN1)
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028293816504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Repeat type information of SSR loci of F. hirta Vahl.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
重复类型Repeat type数量Quantity比例Scale/%频率Frequency/%总长度Overall length/bp平均长度Average length/bp平均分布距离Mean distribution distance/kb
双碱基853550.6524.83169 64419.885.21
三个碱基368021.8410.7170 85119.2512.08
四个碱基10816.423.1419 53218.0741.12
五个碱基5103.031.4811 02021.6187.16
六个碱基5603.321.6314 83226.4979.38
其他248514.757.23191 09376.9017.89
总计16 851100.0049.02476 93628.302.64
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028356731065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

粗叶榕SSR位点重复类型信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
重复类型Repeat type数量Quantity比例Scale/%频率Frequency/%总长度Overall length/bp平均长度Average length/bp平均分布距离Mean distribution distance/kb
双碱基853550.6524.83169 64419.885.21
三个碱基368021.8410.7170 85119.2512.08
四个碱基10816.423.1419 53218.0741.12
五个碱基5103.031.4811 02021.6187.16
六个碱基5603.321.6314 83226.4979.38
其他248514.757.23191 09376.9017.89
总计16 851100.0049.02476 93628.302.64
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028419645626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Polymorphic primer sequences for EST-SSR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称Primer name正向引物序列(5′-3′)Forward primer sequence (5′-3′)反向引物序列(5′-3′)Reverse primer sequence (5′-3′)
S13ACCTTTGACCCTTTTGTGGACGCCAAATAGGAAAATCAGAA
S22CCATCGCAAAGTGAATACGAATAAAACCCAGCAAAGCAGC
S25GGAATTGGGATTTGAGGACAATAATTCTGCGGGAAAGCAA
S41AGTTCAAAAGCGTGGAGCATGAGCGACCATCCAATCTTGT
S51TCTTTTTCCTTGGTGGGTTGAGGGTTCACACAATAACGGC
S57AACCCTAAACTCGCCGAAATCGGTCGGAGAGAGAGAAAGA
S71GTAAAACTTGTTGCCGCCATTACCCAACAACCCTCTACGG
S79AGCAGTGTCACCATGAGCTGGGATTCGTTTTGTTGGTGCT
S98TTTCTGTGCAAGGAAATCGGCAAAGCAAAGTCAGCATCCA
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028495143099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

EST-SSR多态性引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称Primer name正向引物序列(5′-3′)Forward primer sequence (5′-3′)反向引物序列(5′-3′)Reverse primer sequence (5′-3′)
S13ACCTTTGACCCTTTTGTGGACGCCAAATAGGAAAATCAGAA
S22CCATCGCAAAGTGAATACGAATAAAACCCAGCAAAGCAGC
S25GGAATTGGGATTTGAGGACAATAATTCTGCGGGAAAGCAA
S41AGTTCAAAAGCGTGGAGCATGAGCGACCATCCAATCTTGT
S51TCTTTTTCCTTGGTGGGTTGAGGGTTCACACAATAACGGC
S57AACCCTAAACTCGCCGAAATCGGTCGGAGAGAGAGAAAGA
S71GTAAAACTTGTTGCCGCCATTACCCAACAACCCTCTACGG
S79AGCAGTGTCACCATGAGCTGGGATTCGTTTTGTTGGTGCT
S98TTTCTGTGCAAGGAAATCGGCAAAGCAAAGTCAGCATCCA
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028562251964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Nine primer pairs for genetic diversity analysis in F. hirta Vahl.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称Primer name条带数Number of bands观测等位基因数Na有效等位基因数Ne香农指数I期望杂合度He无偏期望杂合度uHeNei’s基因多样性指数H多态性条带比例Polymorphic band ratio/%
S1340.9031.2730.2350.1580.1810.15841.94
S2251.8061.6560.5430.3720.4140.37290.32
S2541.4841.2240.2920.1720.1970.17274.19
S4131.4841.3510.3670.2340.2810.23474.19
S5151.7741.4860.4370.2890.3210.28983.87
S5741.5811.5210.3910.2750.3150.27561.29
S7151.8391.6330.5110.3530.3920.35383.87
S7951.6451.5710.4260.3020.3350.30264.52
S9851.6771.5730.4470.3100.3450.31074.19
平均值4.441.5771.4760.4050.2740.3090.27472.04
), ArticleFig(id=1277241028633555133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277241014347755618, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

粗叶榕9对引物遗传多样性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称Primer name条带数Number of bands观测等位基因数Na有效等位基因数Ne香农指数I期望杂合度He无偏期望杂合度uHeNei’s基因多样性指数H多态性条带比例Polymorphic band ratio/%
S1340.9031.2730.2350.1580.1810.15841.94
S2251.8061.6560.5430.3720.4140.37290.32
S2541.4841.2240.2920.1720.1970.17274.19
S4131.4841.3510.3670.2340.2810.23474.19
S5151.7741.4860.4370.2890.3210.28983.87
S5741.5811.5210.3910.2750.3150.27561.29
S7151.8391.6330.5110.3530.3920.35383.87
S7951.6451.5710.4260.3020.3350.30264.52
S9851.6771.5730.4470.3100.3450.31074.19
平均值4.441.5771.4760.4050.2740.3090.27472.04
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粗叶榕转录组SSR位点分析及分子标记开发
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燕青 1 , 秦雅楠 1, 3 , 张华林 1 , 李文秀 1 , 叶亚娜 1 , 黄安瀛 2 , 罗萍 1, *
热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2025,46(5): 1084-1093
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热带作物学报 |组学与生物技术 2025 , 46 (5) : 1084 -1093
粗叶榕转录组SSR位点分析及分子标记开发
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燕青(1997—),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:南药种质资源收集、鉴定与创新利用。

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燕青1, 秦雅楠1, 3, 张华林1, 李文秀1, 叶亚娜1, 黄安瀛2, 罗萍1, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站/湛江市橡胶林下经济工程技术研究中心,广东湛江 524013
  • 2.中国林业科学研究院速生树木研究所,广东湛江 524300
  • 3.云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱 650201
通讯作者:
* 罗萍(LUO Ping),E-mail:
Comprehensive Analysis of SSR Loci Within the Ficus hirta Vahl. Transcriptome and the Developmental Application of Molecular Markers
Qing YAN1, Yanan QIN1, 3, Hualin ZHANG1, Wenxiu LI1, Yana YE1, Anying HUANG2, Ping LUO1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Zhanjiang Rubber Understory Economic Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524013, China
  • 2.Research Institute of Fast-growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524300, China
  • 3.College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Pu’er, Yunnan 650201, China
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.05.007
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五指毛桃(Fici Hirtae Radix)是一种中药材,其来源于粗叶榕(Ficus hirta Vahl.)的干燥根部。开发利用药用植物粗叶榕SSR分子标记,为其种质遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、辅助育种等提供理论依据及数据支撑。以粗叶榕全缘、三裂、五裂、七裂4种典型叶片为试材,经转录组测序后进行位点特征分析及分子标记开发。结果表明:基于34 375条转录组unigene序列,筛选到16 851个SSR位点,分布于12 094条unigene,分布频率为35.18%,平均每2638 bp有1个SSR位点,分布密度为3.68 kb。共观察到5种不同核苷酸基序类型,其中最常见的是重复6次的基序,占SSR总数的20.92%,且长度基本小于29 bp。双碱基重复序列占主导地位,其次是三碱基和四碱基重复类型。其中,(AG/CT)n是最常见的基元,占所有SSR的26.05%;其次是(AT/AT)n基元,占18.69%。随机选取100条EST-SSR引物,以粗叶榕4种不同叶型的基因组DNA扩增目标产物,其中89条引物在粗叶榕4个种质间表现出多态性。选取9对条带清晰的引物,对不同地区的31个粗叶榕种质进行DNA扩增和指纹图谱构建,这些引物组合多态性条带比例均值达72.04%,并对31个种质进行了有效鉴别,成功建立了DNA指纹图谱。研究结果证明粗叶榕转录组SSR位点信息丰富,利用性高,可为后续研究提供数据支撑。

粗叶榕  /  五指毛桃  /  转录组  /  EST-SSR  /  DNA指纹图谱

Fici Hirtae Radix, a Chinese herbal medicine, is prepared from the dry roots of Ficus hirta Vahl. This study aimed to provide theoretical and empirical support for the genetic diversity analysis, genetic map construction, and assisted breeding of F. hirta Vahl. by developing SSR molecular markers. Four typical leaves of F. hirta Vahl. were selected as the samples, and site feature analysis and molecular marker development were performed after transcriptome sequencing. A total of 16 851 SSR loci were identified from 34 375 transcriptome unigene sequences, distributed across 12 094 unigene sequences, resulting in a distribution frequency of 35.18%. The average frequency was one SSR locus every 2638 bp, with a density of 3.68 kb. Five distinct nucleotide motifs were observed, with the motif repeating six times being the most prevalent, constituting 20.92% of all SSRs, and typically less than 29 bp in length. Di-nucleotide repeats were predominant, followed by tri-and tetra-nucleotide repeats. (AG/CT)n was the most abundant repeat motif, representing 26.05% of all SSRs, while (AT/AT)n was the second most common, accounting for 18.69%. 100 EST-SSR primers were randomly selected to amplify target product using genomic DNA from four different leaf types of F. hirta Vahl. 89 primers exhibited polymorphism across the germplasms. Nine primer pairs, distinguished by the high definition and clarity, were selected to perform DNA amplification and construct DNA fingerprints for 31 specimens sourced from different regions. The average percentage of polymorphic bands observed across these primers was 72.04%. The substantial degree of polymorphism facilitated the unambiguous identification of each of the 31 germplasm samples, and robust DNA fingerprint profiles were successfully established for each specimen. This study demonstrated that SSR loci within the transcriptome of F. hirta Vahl. were rich in information and highly utilizable, offering valuable data support for future research endeavors.

Ficus hirta Vahl.  /  Fici Hirtae Radix  /  transcriptome  /  EST-SSR  /  DNA fingerprinting
燕青, 秦雅楠, 张华林, 李文秀, 叶亚娜, 黄安瀛, 罗萍. 粗叶榕转录组SSR位点分析及分子标记开发. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (5) : 1084 -1093 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.05.007
Qing YAN, Yanan QIN, Hualin ZHANG, Wenxiu LI, Yana YE, Anying HUANG, Ping LUO. Comprehensive Analysis of SSR Loci Within the Ficus hirta Vahl. Transcriptome and the Developmental Application of Molecular Markers[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (5) : 1084 -1093 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.05.007
微卫星标记,又称简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat,SSR),是一种在植物遗传多样性研究、基因定位、目标性状定位以及标记辅助选择育种中被广泛使用的标记系统。它具有突变率高、分布广、密度大的优点,已经广泛应用于种质资源鉴别、遗传多样性分析以及指纹图谱的构建等领域[1]。SSR主要是由串联重复单元构成,其核心单位含1~6个核苷酸,因重复次数和程度的差异,呈现出高度的多态性。SSR标记具有共显性特征,稳定性强且等位基因多样性丰富,根据序列获得方式不同,可分为基因组SSR(genomic SSR,g-SSR)和转录组SSR(expressed sequence tags SSR,EST-SSR)[2]。与g-SSR相比,EST-SSR并不需要对整个基因组进行测序,而是位于基因编码区内,具有方便快捷、效率高、成本低廉及与表型性状相关性好等优点。传统的SSR开发方法难度大、成本高、劳动密集,高通量测序技术的进步和测序成本的降低减少了转录组测序的成本,推动了通过转录组测序开发SSR标记的快速发展与广泛应用。转录组测序后生成的序列数据中包含大量的有效基因,为评估物种多样性提供了新方法。目前,通过转录组数据开发EST-SSR标记已在黄连、冬虫夏草、白木香、川贝母、穿心莲等诸多植物中得到广泛应用[3],极大促进了植物的育种进程。
粗叶榕(Ficus hirta Vahl.),属于桑科榕属的无花果亚属,是一种木本植物,主要分布于亚洲的亚热带地区,中国的热带及亚热带地区均有分布[4]。中药材五指毛桃(Fici Hirtae Radix)药食同源,来源于粗叶榕的干燥根,又称五指牛奶、南芪、土北芪、五爪龙等,具有益气、健脾、润肺、祛风湿等功效,在海南、广东等地被广泛应用,药用和食用价值较高[5]。粗叶榕的高遗传多样性与低群体分化决定了其更高的适应性与进化潜力[6],在长期适应不同生境及遗传漂移的过程中形成了复杂的变型。从已收集的种质资源来看,粗叶榕不同种质间表型差异大,仅通过表型鉴定无法准确及时对其进行区分,同时不同种质间遗传背景不清晰,遗传距离不明了,极大限制了植物新品种选育,影响其育种进程。因此,表型评价结合分子标记技术无疑是一个极佳的解决手段,通过转录组测序开发粗叶榕SSR标记,对不同种质资源进行精准鉴定,对后续粗叶榕资源评价及基因组选择育种具有重要意义。
当前对粗叶榕的报道多集中于传统分类学[7]、化学成分[8-9]、繁育[10]与药理作用[11]等方面,少有品种选育与精准鉴别方面的研究,缺少丰富的分子标记资源和准确的DNA指纹图谱信息。国内外对大豆[12]、玉米[13]、水稻[14]等作物的研究结果表明,SSR标记可有效检测位点多态性,对育种工作具有较好的推动作用。而关于粗叶榕转录组SSR分子标记开发利用方面的研究报道较少,仅有LU等[6]基于同属植物无花果(Ficus carica Linn.)的9对SSR引物对18个粗叶榕居群开展的遗传多样性分析。截至目前,已有学者开展了全缘、三裂、五裂、七裂4种叶型五指毛桃果实的氨基酸组成比较及营养价值评价[15],尚无通过不同叶裂类型粗叶榕转录组测序开发SSR标记的研究。本研究以不同叶裂粗叶榕叶片转录组测序为基础,利用生物信息学方法分析其SSR位点序列分布特征、碱基重复类型等,开发了4种典型叶型粗叶榕中均具有的多态性的叶片SSR标记,并在31种不同来源种质中进行验证。为粗叶榕种质遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、辅助育种等提供理论及数据支撑。
供试材料为河源全缘、河源三裂、河源五裂、河源七裂4个粗叶榕典型种质(图1)及31份不同来源粗叶榕种质(表1),经中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站罗萍研究员鉴定为粗叶榕。样品采自中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站粗叶榕种质圃,该种质圃位于广东省东南部,年均气温为23.8 ℃,年均降水量为1396.3~1759.4 mm。选取生长良好,已分化且分化明显的不同种质新鲜叶片各3片,液氮快速冷冻后置于-80 ℃冰箱保存,备用。
采集典型种质河源全缘、河源三裂、河源五裂、河源七裂4个种质各3份叶片,提取RNA后分别反转录构建cDNA文库,然后利用Illumina HiSeq TM 2000平台测序。使用Trinity软件对原始数据进行过滤、重组、去除冗余和同源转录本聚类,从而得到unigene序列。
取不同叶型及不同来源的12个粗叶榕种质叶片分别研磨,采用改进的CTAB方法提取DNA,并通过1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检查其完整性。使用时检测浓度与纯度,最后将其稀释到一致的浓度后再使用。
利用MISA 1.0软件对粗叶榕的转录组数据查找SSR位点时,重复序列的要求为:二核苷酸≥6;三核苷酸≥5;四核苷酸、五核苷酸、六核苷酸均≥4。此外,如果2个SSR之间的距离小于100 bp,则认为是1个SSR。使用Primer 3.0软件设计引物,设计预测产物长度为100~280 bp,序列长度为8~25 bp,GC含量为40%~60%,退火温度为(60±5)℃,上下游引物的退火温度之间的差异不超过5 ℃。
(1)EST-SSR引物筛选。从引物组中随机选取100对长度超过20 bp的SSR序列,以全缘、三裂、五裂、七裂4种不同种质粗叶榕叶片DNA为模板进行扩增。PCR扩增体系为10 μL:上下游引物各0.4 μL,1 μL DNA,5 μL Mix,3.2 μL ddH2O。PCR扩增程序为:98 ℃预变形5 min,98 ℃变性10 s,60 ℃退火15 s,72 ℃延伸45 s,35个循环,72 ℃延伸2 min。使用12%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对PCR扩增产物进行检测,设定电压为200 V,电流为120 A,电泳2 h。电泳结束后,进行银染洗脱,记录结果。
(2)EST-SSR引物多态性分析。选取来自广东、广西、福建和云南4个省(区)的31份粗叶榕种质资源(表1)进行EST-SSR引物验证。以上述种质DNA为模板,对1.2.4-(1)筛选得到的9对引物进行PCR扩增,电泳后读带。将读带结果进行统计,采用Popgen 32软件分析不同引物条带数量、观测等位基因数(observed number of alleles,Na)、有效等位基因数(effective number of alleles,Ne)、香农指数(Shannon’s information index,I)、Nei’s基因多样性指数(Nei’s gene diversity index,H)及不同种质间的遗传距离;采用Genalex软件分析期望杂合度(expected heterozygosity,He)与无偏期望杂合度(unbiased expected heterozygosity,uHe)。将数据输入到NTSYS软件中,利用非加权组平均法在NTSYS软件的相似性模块中建立聚类树,具体方法:从NTSYS软件的相似性模块中获取相似性矩阵或距离矩阵,在Clustering模块中得到聚类树,然后将种质相关资料输入二维码制作工具,从而为各粗叶榕资源创建二维码形式的DNA分子身份标识[16-17]
通过对河源全缘、河源三裂、河源五裂、河源七裂4种典型种质进行转录组测序,共得到12组序列。对转录组组装质量统计分析,共得到34 375条unigene,其总长度为44 450 502 bp,平均长度为1293 bp;最长的unigene长度为14 243 bp,最短的unigene长度为201 bp;GC含量为41.50%;N50长度为2186 bp,是平均长度的1.69倍;N50数量为6808条,是总组装数量的19.81%,说明粗叶榕转录组的组装质量好。
利用MISA软件进行分析,在粗叶榕的34 375条转录组unigene序列数据中,12 094条unigene上含有16 851个SSR位点,含SSR位点的unigene数占unigene总数的35.18%,而SSR位点的数量则占unigene总数的49.02%,平均每2638 bp有1个SSR位点。此外,还发现有4756个unigene包含至少1个以上的SSR位点。
表2可以看出,在粗叶榕的转录组SSR位点中,双碱基和三碱基重复类型的频率较高,分别占24.83%和10.71%。四碱基、五碱基和六碱基重复类型的频率相对较低,分别仅占3.14%、1.48%和1.63%。平均每19.88 bp碱基长度出现1个双碱基重复序列,平均每19.56 bp碱基长度出现1个双碱基至四碱基,而每24.16 bp碱基长度时才可能会出现五、六碱基,可见双碱基、六碱基与其他类型碱基间的平均分布长度差异较大,特别是双碱基在长度分布上占有很高的优势地位。双碱基和三碱基的总长度达到了20多万的数量级,剩余类型碱基长度总和也有236.48 kb,但四碱基、五碱基、六碱基类型总长度只有45.38 kb左右。在总的unigene序列上平均每2.64 kb出现1个重复基序,各种类型的基序出现距离由双碱基、三碱基、四碱基、五碱基到六碱基依次增加。
在粗叶榕转录组中,单一出现频率高于2%的主要有7种重复单元,其中包含双碱基重复3种,即AC/GT重复、AG/CT重复、AT/AT重复,尤以AG重复数量最多,为4389个,比例达26.05%。三碱基重复基元重复次数较多的共8种,AAG/CTT重复最多,出现频率为7.62%,ATC/ATG重复较少,频率为1.41%;四碱基重复中,数量最多的是AAAT/ATTT,出现频率为3.41%;五碱基重复数量最多的为AAAAT/ATTTT单元。其他类型出现频率低于0.90%的重复单元共占总SSR的21.97%(图2)。
利用MISA软件对转录组中的所有unigene进行搜索,并分析SSR基元的重复次数。SSR重复单元的重复次数分布在4~13次之间,其中4~9次重复的有14 235个,占78.46%;10~13次重复的SSR位点有3908个,占21.54%。6次重复基元出现的频率最高,占总SSR位点数的20.92%;其次为5、7次重复基元出现的频率,分别占总SSR位点数的14.98%、13.49%。从SSR的重复次数来看,双碱基主要集中在6~11次,占双碱基分布总数的86.01%;三碱基主要集中在5~7次,占三碱基分布总数的81.30%;四碱基主要集中在4~6次,占四碱基分布总数的96.21%;五碱基主要集中在4~5次,占五碱基分布总数的95.51%;六碱基主要集中在4~5次,占六碱基总数的94.84%(图3)。
筛选的SSR基序长度分布在12~407 bp范围内,在该范围内,基序长度为12~19 bp的中度多态性位点共有7631个,占比为45.29%;基序长度≥20 bp的高度多态性位点有9220个,占54.71%(图4)。说明可以从该叶片转录组中开发出具有高度多态性的SSR引物。
利用16 851个SSR位点,最终设计得到12 336对EST-SSR引物。以全缘、三裂、五裂、七裂4种不同叶型粗叶榕DNA为模板进行验证,随机选择100对EST-SSR引物进行扩增。结果显示,有89对引物可扩增出目标产物,其中55对引物在4种不同叶型粗叶榕中表现出多态性,筛选出9对条带清晰的引物(表3)。
以31份不同粗叶榕种质DNA为模板,对筛选出的9对EST-SSR引物进行扩增及遗传多样性分析,并构建系统进化树及DNA分子身份证。利用9对EST-SSR引物对31份不同粗叶榕种质进行扩增,计算获得遗传多样性指标和多态性信息含量(表4)。9对引物的观测多态性条带数在3~5条之间,平均多态性条带数量为4.44条;观测等位基因数(Na)在0.903~1.839之间,平均值为1.577;有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.273~1.656,平均值为1.476;香农指数(I)介于0.235~0.543之间,平均值为0.405;期望杂合度(He)介于0.158~0.372之间,平均值为0.274;无偏期望杂合度(uHe)介于0.181~0.414之间,平均值为0.309;Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.158~0.372,平均值为0.274。多态性条带比例分布范围在41.94%~90.32%之间,平均值为72.04%。结果表明,筛选的9对引物在31份种质中的多态性较高。
31份粗叶榕种质的遗传相似系数在0.35~0.90之间,种质间均存在遗传差异。CY1与FLT7的遗传相似系数最小(0.35),遗传差异最大;FLT1与FLT5的遗传相似系数最大(0.90),遗传差异最小。基于NTSYS软件进行聚类分析构建系统进化树(图5),结果表明,31个种质被有效区分,且结果稳定可重复,表明基于EST-SSR分子标记体系能对粗叶榕种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,通过聚类分析能有效区分与鉴定不同种质的遗传多样性。同时可构建不同粗叶榕种质指纹图谱,为粗叶榕资源创建二维码形式的DNA分子身份标识(图5为部分种质指纹图谱)。
本研究对4种不同叶型的粗叶榕叶片进行转录组测序,开发了SSR分子标记。研究显示,4种叶型粗叶榕叶片转录组中的SSR位点总数为16 851个,出现频率为49.02%,分布于12 094条unigene上,平均每2.64 kb有1个SSR位点。出现频率高于同桑科植物桑树(17.09%)[18],并高于防风(15.51%)[19]、白三叶(13.25%)[20]、八角(18.85%)[21]等药用植物,平均分布距离高于辣椒花(7.9 kb)[22]、苦荞(3.04 kb)[23]、海带(7.07 kb)[24]等植物,低于薏苡(0.20 kb)、三七(0.13 kb)等[25]。这种差异可能和物种之间SSR位点的表达差异有关,也可能是由于物种遗传特性、SSR搜索标准的差异,数据量的大小以及选择分析软件的不同导致的[26-29]。总体来看粗叶榕转录组中SSR位点的出现频率较高,平均分布距离较短,说明粗叶榕转录组中SSR位点的数量较多且种类丰富。
不同物种的SSR位点重复基元类型存在差异。主要体现在不同植物SSR位点数量、重复类型及占比有所不同。本研究中,粗叶榕转录组中的SSR基元类型丰富多样,包括双碱基到六碱基的重复,其中双碱基和三碱基的重复占据主导地位,这2类基元类型构成的SSR位点共计72.49%,而且以双碱基重复位点数量最多,6次重复基元出现的频率最高。蒋爽等[30]通过对枇杷转录组SSR重复类型进行分析,发现该转录组中的二核苷酸重复数量占总数的71.1%,以AT/TA为主,三核苷酸重复类型占15.0%,以AAG/CTT为主,双碱基和三碱基重复为主要类型,共占总SSR位点的86.1%,这与本研究结果一致。本研究中双碱基重复类型较多,占总SSR位点的50.65%,郭俊等[31]通过对油梨转录组SSR重复类型进行分析,也发现该转录组的重复以二核苷酸和三核苷酸为主,占SSR总数的87.15%。陈友吾等[32]对多花黄精转录组SSR位点分析发现,SSR位点中的主导类型是二核苷酸重复,占总SSR的53.14%,其次是三核苷酸重复,占比达33.31%,均与本研究结果相似。
评估分子标记的适用性需要考虑其多态性程度,而具有丰富多态性和高潜力的低级SSR重复基序是开发这些标记的关键条件[20,28]。已有研究表明,当基序长度<12 bp时,SSR的多态性较低;而当基序长度≥12 bp时,随着基序长度的增加,SSR的分布频率则降低;基序长度为12~19 bp时,SSR的多态性显著下降;基序长度≥20 bp时,多态性较高[33]。在本研究中,粗叶榕转录组中基序长度超过20 bp以上的SSR位点有9220个,占SSR总数的54.71%,这部分多态性较高的SSR具有良好的开发应用价值,大多可作为后续研究的基础。随机选择100对引物进行验证,结果显示,89对引物可扩增出目标产物,有效性达89%;55对引物具有多态性,多态性引物比例达55%,说明该转录组多态性潜能高。55对多态性引物中挑选9对条带清晰的引物进行引物遗传多样性分析,成功将来源不同的31个粗叶榕种质进行合理区分并成功构建指纹图谱,且9对引物在31份种质中多态性条带比例高,均值达72.04%。
综上所述,本研究对粗叶榕转录组测序后进行位点特征分析及分子标记开发,证实粗叶榕转录组SSR位点信息丰富,可利用性高。本研究结果可用于后续种质资源评价及遗传多样性分析等研究,是对现有粗叶榕转录组数据的进一步发掘和利用,所获得的分子标记对丰富榕属植物的分子标记类型及开展特定性状的辅助选择具有重要意义。
  • 国家天然橡胶产业技术体系湛江综合试验站项目(CARS-33-GD2)
  • 广西自筹经费林业科技项目(2023GXZCLK13)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.05.007
  • 接收时间:2024-12-10
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10
  • 录用日期:2025-01-22
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国家天然橡胶产业技术体系湛江综合试验站项目(CARS-33-GD2)
广西自筹经费林业科技项目(2023GXZCLK13)
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    1.中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站/湛江市橡胶林下经济工程技术研究中心,广东湛江 524013
    2.中国林业科学研究院速生树木研究所,广东湛江 524300
    3.云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱 650201

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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