Article(id=1276531613324411094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276531538535781212, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.04.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732550400000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1734537600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-12-19, onlineDate=1782278453427, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1745510400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782278453427, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782278453426, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782278453426, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276531538535781212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='4', pageStart='777', pageEnd='1024', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1745510400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782278435595, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782278607615, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276532260098675208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276531538535781212, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276532260098675209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276531538535781212, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=842, endPage=852, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276531614997938392, articleId=1276531613324411094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Differential Characteristics of Different Tobacco Varieties Based on Metabolomics and Leaf Structure Analysis, columnId=1236256430337085821, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Omics & Biotechnology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to select a new tobacco variety with excellent industrial and agricultural characteristics was selected, the tobacco variety Y87 was used as the control to compare and analyze the agronomic traits, ultrastructure, metabolites and post baking tobacco quality evaluation of four newly introduced tobacco varieties Y121, Y116, Y301 and Y119. The results showed that Y121 had relatively good field growth, complete chloroplast structure, and a large volume and quantity of osmium loving particles on the chloroplast membrane. Through metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, it was found that Y121 contained more organic acids such as succinic acid and phenylacetic acid, as well as fewer nicotine such as nicotine reducing and new tobacco alkaloids, which are beneficial for improving the aroma quality and safety of tobacco leaves. In addition, compared to other newly introduced varieties, the Y121 had better appearance quality, more coordinated chemical composition, higher sensory quality score, and is closer to Y87. The results would provide reliable technical support for the upgrading of varieties, which is conducive to the sustained and stable development of high-quality raw material production.

, authors=null, authorsList=Jiahao LIU, Qiujian LI, Zhixiang GONG, Cong WANG, Li ZHANG, Qiliang XI, Zicheng XU, Jiuchang SHI, Wei JIA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jiuchang SHI, Wei JIA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276531617065730282, articleId=1276531613324411094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=基于代谢组学和叶片结构分析不同烟草品种的差异特征, columnId=1236256430517440904, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=组学与生物技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了筛选出工农业性状兼优的烤烟新品种,本研究以烤烟品种云烟87为对照,对4个新引进烟草品种云烟121、云烟116、云烟301、云烟119的农艺性状、超微结构、代谢物质、烤后烟质量评价4个方面进行比较分析,结果表明:云烟121品种大田长势相对较好,叶绿体结构完整,叶绿体被膜上的嗜锇颗粒体积较大,数量较多。通过代谢通路富集分析发现,云烟121含有琥珀酸、苯乙酸等有机酸类物质较多,而降烟碱、新烟草碱等烟碱类物质较少,有利于提高烟叶的香气质量和安全性。此外,云烟121品种相较于其他新引进品种,外观质量较好,化学成分较协调,感官质量打分更高且与云烟87风格较为接近。研究结果为品种的更新换代提供可靠的技术支撑,有利于优质原料生产的持续、稳定发展。

, authors=

刘嘉昊(2000—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:烟草品质生态。

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* 贾玮(JIA Wei),E-mail:
史久长(SHI Jiuchang),E-mail:
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刘嘉昊(2000—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:烟草品质生态。

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刘嘉昊(2000—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:烟草品质生态。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Evaluation of the membership degree on conventional chemical components of tobacco leaf in yunnan province based on cigarette brand, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639337484664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=14, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=44, authorNames=包勤, 张艳玲, 王爱国, journalName=烟草科技, refType=null, unstructuredReference=包勤, 张艳玲, 王爱国. 2002—2013年间我国烤烟主要化学成分变化趋势及原因分析[J]. 烟草科技, 2015, 48(7): 14-19., articleTitle=2002—2013年间我国烤烟主要化学成分变化趋势及原因分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639400399225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=14, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=45, authorNames=BAO Q, ZHANG Y L, WANG A G, journalName=Tobacco Science & Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAO Q, ZHANG Y L, WANG A G. 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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Variation of main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in china during 2002-2013 and causal analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639480091002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=46, authorNames=刘国顺, journalName=烟草栽培学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘国顺. 烟草栽培学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639551394171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=47, authorNames=LIU G S, journalName=Tobacco cultivation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU G S. Tobacco cultivation[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639622697340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=48, authorNames=闫克玉, 赵铭钦, journalName=烟草原料学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=闫克玉, 赵铭钦. 烟草原料学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639694000509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=49, authorNames=YAN K Y, ZHAO M Q, journalName=Tobacco raw material science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YAN K Y, ZHAO M Q. Tobacco raw material science[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2008. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639769497982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=9, issue=B11, pageStart=5, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=50, authorNames=刘国顺, journalName=中国烟草学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘国顺. 国内外烟叶质量差距分析和提高烟叶质量技术途径探讨[J]. 中国烟草学报. 2003, 9(B11): 5., articleTitle=国内外烟叶质量差距分析和提高烟叶质量技术途径探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276531639861772671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=9, issue=B11, pageStart=5, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=51, authorNames=LIU G S, journalName=Acta Tabacaria Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU G S. Analysis of tobacco leaf quality gap at home and abroad and discussion on technical ways to improve tobacco quality[J]. Acta Tabacaria Sinica. 2003, 9(B11): 5. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of tobacco leaf quality gap at home and abroad and discussion on technical ways to improve tobacco quality, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1276531634551783755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, awardId=ZJZY2021B004, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(ZJZY2021B004), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1276531617522909420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276531617531298029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, companyId=1276531617522909420, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Zhejiang Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276531617539686638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, companyId=1276531617522909420, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州 310002)]), AuthorCompany(id=1276531617602601199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276531617610989808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, companyId=1276531617602601199, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276531617619378417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, companyId=1276531617602601199, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州 450046)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1276531630512668977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Ultra microstructure of leaves of different tobacco varieties, figureFileSmall=f+BBC6MSRGcyzgE9L9uxxw==, figureFileBig=Iug8HuqLzm37SJXusCe34g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531630592360754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同品种烟叶超微结构

A、F:云烟87;B、G:云烟116;C、H:云烟119;D、I:云烟121;E、J;云烟301;CH:叶绿体;S:淀粉粒;O:嗜锇颗粒;GL:基粒片层;M:线粒体;CW:细胞壁。

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A表示峰面积;不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

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A表示峰面积;不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=fPubYZ57FEu4S1AJfHPu8g==, figureFileBig=bV9EBP7VA/L8SJiEU/2wng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633243160891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Differential analysis of phenolic metabolites, figureFileSmall=lUw310WN49oEAZnoyLzZlA==, figureFileBig=WgbI7unhscaISMJ8ExiFqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633306075452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=图6, caption=酚类代谢物差异分析

A表示峰面积;不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=lUw310WN49oEAZnoyLzZlA==, figureFileBig=WgbI7unhscaISMJ8ExiFqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633381572925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Differential analysis of nicotine metabolites, figureFileSmall=XhQzGiBrAmlTDJd9aWT7/g==, figureFileBig=uTe/7mJBCmZhPErH7aKxYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633461264702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=图7, caption=烟碱类代谢物差异分析

A表示峰面积;不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=XhQzGiBrAmlTDJd9aWT7/g==, figureFileBig=uTe/7mJBCmZhPErH7aKxYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633540956479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Metabolite network structure of different tobacco varieties, figureFileSmall=xuXVwtQfjv8PGLPZ6QDu7w==, figureFileBig=79wV29TQ+yxvrjJH1msurA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633624842560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同品种烟草代谢物网络结构图, figureFileSmall=xuXVwtQfjv8PGLPZ6QDu7w==, figureFileBig=79wV29TQ+yxvrjJH1msurA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276531633691951425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Analysis of differences in agronomic traits of leaves of different tobacco varieties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety叶长Leaf length/cm叶宽Leaf width/cm叶夹角Blade angle/°叶面积Leaf area/cm2株高Plant height/cm茎围Stem girth/cm节距Pitch/cm花叶病发病率Incidence of mosaic disease/%
Y12194.6±3.34a31.8±4.21a32.0±4.83a1914.41±296.71a119.7±7.63a10.05±0.44b5.3±0.48a28
Y11676.7±6.07b26.1±2.13b35.0±7.07a1267.61±115.43b96.7±2.26d8.90±0.21d4.1±0.87b50
Y30193.1±5.74a32.0±3.86a31.5±4.74a1895.57±290.64a112.8±6.61b9.85±0.53bc5.6±0.49a56
Y11968.6±4.76c27.0±2.05b32.0±4.83a1175.03±121.22b106.9±4.81c9.45±0.50c3.9±0.99b48
Y8794.4±4.72a33.9±3.25a34.5±7.24a2033.69±243.87a121.4±6.96a10.60±0.77a5.2±0.79a52
), ArticleFig(id=1276531633759060290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同品种烟叶农艺性状差异分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety叶长Leaf length/cm叶宽Leaf width/cm叶夹角Blade angle/°叶面积Leaf area/cm2株高Plant height/cm茎围Stem girth/cm节距Pitch/cm花叶病发病率Incidence of mosaic disease/%
Y12194.6±3.34a31.8±4.21a32.0±4.83a1914.41±296.71a119.7±7.63a10.05±0.44b5.3±0.48a28
Y11676.7±6.07b26.1±2.13b35.0±7.07a1267.61±115.43b96.7±2.26d8.90±0.21d4.1±0.87b50
Y30193.1±5.74a32.0±3.86a31.5±4.74a1895.57±290.64a112.8±6.61b9.85±0.53bc5.6±0.49a56
Y11968.6±4.76c27.0±2.05b32.0±4.83a1175.03±121.22b106.9±4.81c9.45±0.50c3.9±0.99b48
Y8794.4±4.72a33.9±3.25a34.5±7.24a2033.69±243.87a121.4±6.96a10.60±0.77a5.2±0.79a52
), ArticleFig(id=1276531633842946371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Enrichment analysis of metabolite metabolic pathways in leaves of different tobacco varieties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
通路名称Pathway nameP代谢通路影响值Metabolic pathway impact value差异代谢物KEGG登记号KEGG register No. of differential metablites代谢通路KEGG登记号KEGG register No. of metabolic pathway
酪氨酸代谢0.00920.2174C00042; C00082; C00232; C00355; C00483; C00530; C00642; C00811; C01161; C01179; C01384; C05580; C05594ath00350
丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢0.02240.1384C00042; C00064; C00152; C00158; C00232; C00334ath00250
烟酸和烟酰胺代谢0.03140.1130C00042; C00232; C00253; C00334; C01384; C03043; C16151; C19569; C20361ath00760
), ArticleFig(id=1276531633918443844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同品种烟叶差异代谢物代谢通路富集分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
通路名称Pathway nameP代谢通路影响值Metabolic pathway impact value差异代谢物KEGG登记号KEGG register No. of differential metablites代谢通路KEGG登记号KEGG register No. of metabolic pathway
酪氨酸代谢0.00920.2174C00042; C00082; C00232; C00355; C00483; C00530; C00642; C00811; C01161; C01179; C01384; C05580; C05594ath00350
丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢0.02240.1384C00042; C00064; C00152; C00158; C00232; C00334ath00250
烟酸和烟酰胺代谢0.03140.1130C00042; C00232; C00253; C00334; C01384; C03043; C16151; C19569; C20361ath00760
), ArticleFig(id=1276531634006524229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Evaluation of appearance quality of leaves of different tobacco varieties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety等级Grade结构Structure身份Identity油分Oil component色度Color degree成熟度Mature degree
Y87B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y301B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y121B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y116B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y119B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
), ArticleFig(id=1276531634094604614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同品种烟叶外观质量评价

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety等级Grade结构Structure身份Identity油分Oil component色度Color degree成熟度Mature degree
Y87B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y301B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y121B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y116B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
Y119B2F尚疏松中等-稍厚成熟
C2F疏松中等成熟
C3F疏松中等成熟
), ArticleFig(id=1276531634182684999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Analysis of differences in conventional chemical components of leaves of tobacco varieties after drying

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety总糖Total sugar/%还原糖Reducing sugar/%烟碱Nicotine/%氯Chlorine/%钾Potassium/%总氮Total nitrogen/%两糖比Bisugar ratio钾氯比Potassium-chloride ratio
Y12130.36±4.54a23.33±4.65a3.03±0.19a0.18±0.03b1.89±0.14a2.89±0.07a0.77±0.06a10.50±0.50a
Y11629.25±0.68a22.74±0.72a3.34±0.28a0.16±0.02b1.84±0.07a3.41±0.39a0.78±0.02a11.42±1.87a
Y30128.67±0.45a20.48±0.71a3.46±0.34a0.27±0.08a1.62±0.08b3.04±0.05a0.71±0.02b6.36±1.94b
Y11930.37±3.31a23.51±1.31a3.25±0.69a0.25±0.04a1.74±0.07ab3.29±0.43a0.78±0.06ab7.05±0.85b
Y8729.77±0.29a23.71±2.00a3.24±0.23a0.16±0.02b1.85±0.08a2.82±0.45a0.79±0.06a11.96±0.20a
), ArticleFig(id=1276531634253988168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276531613324411094, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同品种烟叶烤后烟常规化学成分差异分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety总糖Total sugar/%还原糖Reducing sugar/%烟碱Nicotine/%氯Chlorine/%钾Potassium/%总氮Total nitrogen/%两糖比Bisugar ratio钾氯比Potassium-chloride ratio
Y12130.36±4.54a23.33±4.65a3.03±0.19a0.18±0.03b1.89±0.14a2.89±0.07a0.77±0.06a10.50±0.50a
Y11629.25±0.68a22.74±0.72a3.34±0.28a0.16±0.02b1.84±0.07a3.41±0.39a0.78±0.02a11.42±1.87a
Y30128.67±0.45a20.48±0.71a3.46±0.34a0.27±0.08a1.62±0.08b3.04±0.05a0.71±0.02b6.36±1.94b
Y11930.37±3.31a23.51±1.31a3.25±0.69a0.25±0.04a1.74±0.07ab3.29±0.43a0.78±0.06ab7.05±0.85b
Y8729.77±0.29a23.71±2.00a3.24±0.23a0.16±0.02b1.85±0.08a2.82±0.45a0.79±0.06a11.96±0.20a
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品种Variety等级Grade香气特性Aroma characteristic烟气特性Smoke characteristic口感特性Taste characteristics总分Total score
香气质Quality of aroma香气量Volume of aroma透发性Permeability杂气Miscellaneous qi细腻程度Fineness柔和程度Softness圆润感Rounded feel刺激性Irritant干燥感Dry sensation余味Remaining taste
Y119C2F12.512.05.55.56.05.55.55.55.55.068.5
C3F12.012.05.55.06.05.55.55.55.55.067.5
B2F12.012.05.55.55.55.55.55.55.05.567.5
Y121C2F13.012.55.55.56.06.05.55.55.55.570.5
C3F12.512.55.56.06.06.05.55.55.55.570.5
B2F12.512.55.55.56.05.55.55.55.55.569.5
Y116C2F12.512.55.55.55.56.05.56.06.05.570.5
C3F12.012.55.55.05.55.55.55.55.55.568.0
B2F11.512.05.55.05.05.05.05.05.05.064.0
Y301C2F12.512.05.55.55.56.05.55.55.55.569.0
C3F12.012.05.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.568.0
B2F11.512.05.55.05.05.05.05.05.05.064.0
Y87C2F13.012.56.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.073.5
C3F12.512.55.56.05.55.56.05.56.05.570.5
B2F12.012.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.068.0
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不同品种烟叶烤后烟感官质量差异分析

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品种Variety等级Grade香气特性Aroma characteristic烟气特性Smoke characteristic口感特性Taste characteristics总分Total score
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C3F12.512.55.56.05.55.56.05.56.05.570.5
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基于代谢组学和叶片结构分析不同烟草品种的差异特征
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刘嘉昊 2 , 李秋剑 1 , 龚治翔 1 , 王聪 1 , 张力 1 , 席奇亮 1 , 许自成 2 , 史久长 1, * , 贾玮 2, *
热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2025,46(4): 842-852
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热带作物学报 |组学与生物技术 2025 , 46 (4) : 842 -852
基于代谢组学和叶片结构分析不同烟草品种的差异特征
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刘嘉昊2, 李秋剑1, 龚治翔1, 王聪1, 张力1, 席奇亮1, 许自成2, 史久长1, * , 贾玮2, *
作者信息
  • 1.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州 310002
  • 2.河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州 450046
通讯作者:
* 贾玮(JIA Wei),E-mail:
史久长(SHI Jiuchang),E-mail:
Differential Characteristics of Different Tobacco Varieties Based on Metabolomics and Leaf Structure Analysis
Jiahao LIU2, Qiujian LI1, Zhixiang GONG1, Cong WANG1, Li ZHANG1, Qiliang XI1, Zicheng XU2, Jiuchang SHI1, * , Wei JIA2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Zhejiang Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
  • 2.College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
出版时间: 2025-04-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.04.007
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为了筛选出工农业性状兼优的烤烟新品种,本研究以烤烟品种云烟87为对照,对4个新引进烟草品种云烟121、云烟116、云烟301、云烟119的农艺性状、超微结构、代谢物质、烤后烟质量评价4个方面进行比较分析,结果表明:云烟121品种大田长势相对较好,叶绿体结构完整,叶绿体被膜上的嗜锇颗粒体积较大,数量较多。通过代谢通路富集分析发现,云烟121含有琥珀酸、苯乙酸等有机酸类物质较多,而降烟碱、新烟草碱等烟碱类物质较少,有利于提高烟叶的香气质量和安全性。此外,云烟121品种相较于其他新引进品种,外观质量较好,化学成分较协调,感官质量打分更高且与云烟87风格较为接近。研究结果为品种的更新换代提供可靠的技术支撑,有利于优质原料生产的持续、稳定发展。

烟草  /  农艺性状  /  超微结构  /  代谢组学  /  质量评价

In order to select a new tobacco variety with excellent industrial and agricultural characteristics was selected, the tobacco variety Y87 was used as the control to compare and analyze the agronomic traits, ultrastructure, metabolites and post baking tobacco quality evaluation of four newly introduced tobacco varieties Y121, Y116, Y301 and Y119. The results showed that Y121 had relatively good field growth, complete chloroplast structure, and a large volume and quantity of osmium loving particles on the chloroplast membrane. Through metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, it was found that Y121 contained more organic acids such as succinic acid and phenylacetic acid, as well as fewer nicotine such as nicotine reducing and new tobacco alkaloids, which are beneficial for improving the aroma quality and safety of tobacco leaves. In addition, compared to other newly introduced varieties, the Y121 had better appearance quality, more coordinated chemical composition, higher sensory quality score, and is closer to Y87. The results would provide reliable technical support for the upgrading of varieties, which is conducive to the sustained and stable development of high-quality raw material production.

tobacco  /  agronomic traits  /  ultrastructure  /  metabolomics  /  quality evaluation
刘嘉昊, 李秋剑, 龚治翔, 王聪, 张力, 席奇亮, 许自成, 史久长, 贾玮. 基于代谢组学和叶片结构分析不同烟草品种的差异特征. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (4) : 842 -852 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.04.007
Jiahao LIU, Qiujian LI, Zhixiang GONG, Cong WANG, Li ZHANG, Qiliang XI, Zicheng XU, Jiuchang SHI, Wei JIA. Differential Characteristics of Different Tobacco Varieties Based on Metabolomics and Leaf Structure Analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (4) : 842 -852 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.04.007
烟草作为我国重要的经济作物之一,具有巨大的社会和经济价值。随着烤烟生产和卷烟工业的发展,优良品种的选育越来越迫切。而良种的选育,关键来自种质资源[1]。有关烤烟品种资源[2-4]和不同品种与烟叶品质关系[5-6]的研究在我国已经有不少报道。云南省是我国重要的烟叶产区,其中红河烟区光温条件充足,植烟土壤质地疏松、养分协调、通透性好,具有适合生产“清甜香”优质烟叶的良好生态条件,是云南省黄金走廊特色优质烟叶重要的主产区之一。近年来,云南省红河烟区出现了品种单一、品质退化等问题。为了应对该问题,本研究开展了烤烟新品种的筛选工作,以烤烟品种云烟87为对照,对4个新引进烟草品种云烟121、云烟116、云烟301、云烟119开展了农艺性状、超微结构、代谢特征、烤后烟质量评价4个方面的比较试验,明确不同品种烟叶之间的差异性,进而筛选出工业、农业性状兼优的烤烟新品种。
以5个烤烟品种云烟121(Y121)、云烟116(Y116)、云烟301(Y301)、云烟119(Y119)、云烟87(Y87)为试验材料,烟草种子由云南省烟草农业科学研究院提供。
大田试验于云南省红河市建水县官厅试验基地(23°16′N,102°37′E)进行,选择地势平坦,灌排方便,土质良好,有代表性的烟田进行试验。试验田土壤质地为红土,土壤pH 6.28,有机质含量为32.45 g/kg,碱解氮含量为146.86 mg/kg,速效磷含量为38.92 mg/kg,速效钾含量为158.51 mg/kg。根据当地土壤肥力和常规施氮水平种植5个烤烟品种,采用随机区组设计,每个品种种植1300 m2,按适合该品种的配套设施进行管理。
(1)农艺性状分析。依据品种挂牌标记,每个品种选6株长势相近的烟株,参照标准《烟草农艺性状调查测量方法》YC/T 142—2010中所列方法测定其叶长、叶宽、叶夹角、叶面积、株高、茎围、节距。
(2)超微结构观察。依据品种挂牌标记,采取5个品种(云烟121、云烟116、云烟301、云烟119、云烟87)同一叶位的鲜烟叶(中脉右侧相同部位),并剪成1 cm×1 cm的若干小块,完全浸没于2.5%戊二醛固定液中,并置于4 ℃冰箱中过夜。之后用磷酸缓冲液洗涤后转移至1%四氧化锇中固定。然后按照常规超薄切片法进行脱水、渗透、包埋、修块、切片和电子染色,在JEM-1011型透射电镜下进行超微结构组织观察并拍照,分析不同烤烟品种叶片超微结构的变化。
(3)代谢组学检测。依据品种挂牌标记,选取生长发育良好且长势一致的不同肥力烟株的5片中部烟叶(10~12叶位),迅速置于液氮中冷冻,于-80 ℃超低温冰箱保存。后准确称取适量样品于2 mL离心管中,加入600 µL甲醇[含2-氯-L-苯丙氨酸(4 mg/L)],-20 ℃保存,涡旋振荡30 s;再加入100 mg玻璃珠,60 hz研磨90 s后室温超声15 min,12 000 r/min离心10 min,使用0.22 μm膜过滤后,转移到LC进样小瓶,利用Thermo Vanquish UHPLC液相色谱仪和Thermo QE质谱平台分析不同烤烟品种烟叶代谢物质积累模式差异,筛选不同品种之间的关键差异代谢物。
(4)外观质量分析。烟叶外观质量指标包括叶片结构、身份、油分、色度、青杂和成熟度。依据国家标准GB 2635—1992对其进行定性描述。
(5)化学成分分析。烟叶化学成分是烟叶内在品质的基础物质,用于评价烟叶品质的常规化学成分有总糖、还原糖、烟碱、总氮、淀粉、钾、氯等。分别参照YC/T 161—2002、YC/T 217—2007、YC/T 468—2013、YC/T 159—2002、YC/T 216-2014、YC/T 162—20011、YC/T216—2013标准进行测定。
(6)感官质量评。感官评吸采用曾淑华等[7]的方法进行测定。将回潮后的烟样进行切丝,卷制成单料烟(不加香加料),在温度(22±2)℃、相对湿度(60±2)%的恒温恒湿箱中平衡水分48 h。依据YC/T 138—1998标准对单料烟进行感官质量评吸,包括香气量、香气质、透发性、余味、杂气、刺激性、柔和度、细腻度、圆润感、干燥感10项指标。
采用Excel 2016软件处理试验数据,采用SPSS 26软件进行数据统计分析,以最小显著性差异(LSD)检验表示在5%水平差异显著,采用Origin 2021软件绘图。
表1可知,在叶长、叶宽和叶面积方面,云烟121、云烟301、云烟87均显著高于云烟116和云烟119;在叶夹角方面,不同品种之间不存在显著性差异;在株高方面,云烟121、云烟87显著高于云烟116、云烟301、云烟119;在茎围方面,不同品种烟株差异较大,其中云烟87径围显著高于其他品种;在节距方面,云烟121、云烟301、云烟87显著高于云烟116和云烟119。云烟121花叶病发病率明显低于其他品种。通过分析发现,云烟121品种烟株烟叶叶片较大,株高较高、茎围粗、节距较大,长势较好且发病率较低。
电镜观察栅栏细胞超微结构(图1)显示,云烟121和云烟116淀粉、脂质小球积累量较多,嗜锇颗粒体积较大,绝大部分呈不规则形位于贴壁的解体叶绿体中,云烟119和云烟301其次,云烟87淀粉、脂质小球体积最小,数量较少,存在少部分脱离细胞壁散乱排列在叶绿体中的情况。云烟121和云烟116相较云烟87,类囊体片层数量增加,堆垛程度较高,叶绿体成熟度高,叶绿体结构更完整。云烟121和云烟116叶绿体被膜上的嗜锇颗粒体积较大,数量较多。整体而言,云烟121叶片细胞较为饱满,内含物质丰富,叶绿体成熟度高,具有优质鲜烟叶的结构特征。
在基于质谱技术的代谢组学研究中,为了获得可靠且高质量的代谢组学数据,需进行质量控制(quality control,QC)。本研究在LC-MS检测时利用QC样本进行质控。理论上,QC样本均相同,但是在样本提取、检测分析过程中会有系统误差,导致QC样本间会有差异,差异越小说明方法稳定性越高数据质量越好,体现在PCA分析图上就是QC样本密集分布。5个品种烟叶样品QC样本在正离子和负离子模式下PCA得分图如图2所示,处理样本被分为5组,每组6个样本,与所检测样本分组情况一致。由PCA得分图可以看出,各组样本较为集中,说明仪器稳定,数据可靠。各组内部样本点分布较集中,说明组内样本重复性较好,代谢物一致性好。各处理样本点分离明显,表明各处理间存在显著性差异。
为了发现生物标记物,潜在的特征峰在QC样本中的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD),即变异系数不能超过30%,对不符合要求的特征峰应予以删除。所以,在质量控制的基础上,通常会进行质量保证(quality assurance,QA)来删除QC样本中重复性差的特征峰(feature),以便获得更高质量的数据集,更有利于生物标记物的检测。如图2所示,在正离子模式和负离子模式下QC样本中RSD<30%的特征峰比例均超过80.0%,说明所得数据完好。
云烟116与云烟87样品共鉴定差异代谢物为411个,其中上调表达代谢物为127个,下调表达代谢物为284个;云烟119与云烟87样品共鉴定差异代谢物为344个,其中上调表达代谢物为68个,下调表达代谢物为276个;云烟121与云烟87样品共鉴定差异代谢物为376个,其中上调表达代谢物为88个,下调表达代谢物为288个;云烟301与云烟87样品共鉴定差异代谢物为367个,其中上调表达代谢物为133个,下调表达代谢物为234个(图3)。
在有机酸类差异代谢物中,云烟121的琥珀酸和苯乙酸含量较高,缬草酸、磷酸和油酸含量较低,柠檬酸含量居中(图4)。在氨基酸类差异代谢物中,云烟121的酪胺、异亮氨酸、马来酸和甘油酸含量显著低于其他品种(图5)。在酚类差异代谢物中,云烟121的百里香酚和甲基丁酚含量较低,胡椒酚含量较高(图6)。在烟碱类差异代谢物中,云烟121的降烟碱、新烟草碱、(R)-6-羟基尼古丁和假氧尼古丁含量较低(图7)。
KEGG数据库提供的整合代谢途径,包括碳水化合物、核苷、氨基酸等的代谢及有机物的生物降解,不仅提供了所有可能的代谢途径,而且对催化各步反应的酶进行了全面的注解,包括图解的细胞生化过程如代谢、膜转运、信号传递、细胞周期,还包括同系保守的子通路等信息。以P<0.05,VIP>1为条件筛选出酪氨酸代谢(ath00350)、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(ath00250)以及烟酸和烟酰胺代谢(ath00760)3条代谢通路(表2)。
参照KEGG通路绘制了烟草代谢网络结构,并以云烟87为对照,标记了差异代谢物含量变化,红色表示上调,蓝色表示下调(图8)。在该通路中,通过天冬氨酸代谢途径,L-天冬氨酸分裂成柠檬酸和L-天冬酰胺,柠檬酸通过谷氨酸代谢途径最终形成氨基丁酸。在烟酸和烟酰胺代谢途径中,烟酸分裂成尼古丁、假氧尼古丁和马来酸,(R)-6-羟基尼古丁进入琥珀酸代谢途径中形成琥珀酸。在酪氨酸代谢途径中,L-酪氨酸分裂成酪胺和4-羟基肉桂酸,最终形成马来酸。通过观察物质含量热图可知,云烟121烟酸和假氧尼古丁含量较低,酪氨酸和马来酸含量较低,琥珀酸和L-天门冬酰胺含量较高。
表3可知,5个品种烤后烟外观质量无明显差异,外观质量表现均较好。相同品种烟叶不同部位之间结构和身份存在差异。上部烟叶烤后烟结构尚疏松,身份中等-稍后,油分有,色度强,成熟度为成熟。中部烟叶烤后烟结构疏松,身份中等,油分有,色度强,成熟度为成熟。整体而言,同一品种烤后烟中部叶外观质量略高于上部叶。
表4可见,各品种烟叶总糖、还原糖含量均处于较高水平,相较其他品种,云烟121烟碱含量较低。云烟301和云烟119氯含量较高,钾含量处于较低水平,钾氯比较低。总氮含量方面,云烟121、云烟87含量较低,较为适宜。总体来看,云烟121的总糖、还原糖含量较高,总氮、总植物碱含量适中,化学成分相较于其他新引进品种较为协调。
表5可知,C2F等级的评分中,云烟87>云烟121=云烟116>云烟301>云烟119,C3F等级的评分中,云烟87=云烟121>云烟116=云烟301>云烟119,B2F等级的评分中,云烟121>云烟116>云烟87>云烟119>云烟301。云烟116质感较为细腻,在烟香清晰度略显不足;云烟301主要存在喉部冲击力偏大,余味干净程度不足的问题;云烟119香气略浑浊,杂气量稍多,整体柔和细腻程度较好。云烟121和云烟87整体表现较好,二者在“香气量、烟气状态、杂气、刺激性、口感”方面表现接近,各等级感官质量打分均较高。
田间品种对比试验是引种的重要环节,可以检验引入品种对引入地的适应性,在加以选择后,能筛选出适应当地的优良品种,对提高当地烤烟品质具有重要意义[8]。云烟121和云烟87品种烟株烟叶叶片较大,株高较高、径围粗、节距较大,长势相对较好。从病害调查结果来看,该地区烟草普通花叶病发病率相对较高,这可能是当地前期日照时数较多、降雨较少,而在后期出现暴雨天气、雨水过多等因素,导致花叶病发生较为严重,而云烟121的普通花叶病发病率较低,抗病性最强。从大田生长情况来看,云烟121更适合在该地区推广种植。
叶绿体作为植物特有的细胞器,在植物生长发育过程中起到重要的作用。就烤烟而言,淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪等主要品质成分的形成与叶绿体都有直接或间接的联系[9-10],进而影响烤烟的品质。成熟的烤烟叶片中,淀粉颗粒和脂质小球占据着叶绿体的绝大部分体积,此时的叶绿体由于大量的光合作用产物堆积,叶绿体膨大,沿细胞壁排列。淀粉是新鲜烤烟光合作用的主要产物,是烟叶物质和能量的一种储藏形式[11],在后期的烘烤加工过程中决定着烟叶的内在品质和外观质量[12],影响着烤后烟叶的香气和吃味[13]。UZELAC等[14]研究认为烟草叶片衰老叶绿体超微结构与细胞核染色质凝聚、叶绿素含量变化等有关。叶绿体类囊体膜的解体,尤其是基粒片层的垛叠状况影响着叶绿素含量的变化,从而影响叶片光能的利用[15-16]。研究发现云烟121和云烟116的淀粉及脂质小球积累量最多、体积最大,叶绿体成熟度较高且叶绿体被膜上的嗜锇颗粒体积较大,数量较多。说明云烟121和云烟116叶片健康程度较好,且烤后烟能够得到更好的香气质量和吃味。
在酪氨酸代谢中,琥珀酸、苯乙酸等有机酸类物质具有一定的香气,可赋予烟叶特殊的香气,对烟叶品质和风味有重要影响,并且在烟草对各类逆境胁迫的适应过程中发挥重要的调节作用[17-18],这些物质在云烟121中富集较多,表明该烟草品种具有较好的抗逆性,烤后烟叶香气质、香气量较好。酪胺和L-酪氨酸对烟草品质的影响与氨类似,能参与棕色化反应,抽吸时挥发进入烟气,提高烟气碱性,产生刺激性和辛辣味,且具有臭味[19],这些物质在云烟121中富集较少,表明云烟121烤烟品种烟叶抽吸质量较好。百里香酚和甲基丁酚等多酚类化合物在多酚氧化酶的催化下可发生氧化反应并生成醌类物质,也可通过多酚及其氧化物发生棕色化反应从而得到类黑素等物质,还可转化成酪氨酸,产生刺激性和辛辣味,对烟叶香气质和香气量产生影响。云烟121的百里香酚和甲基丁酚等多酚类代谢物积累量较少,则产生的刺激性会相对较小。在烟酸和烟酰胺代谢通路中,云烟121的降烟碱、新烟草碱、(R)-6-羟基尼古丁含量较低,产生的尼古丁较少,表明该品种的烟叶安全性较好。
优质烟叶的外观特征通常表现为成熟度好、组织疏松、厚薄适中、无杂色、色度强、油分足[20]。色度与油分影响烟叶质量,色度足、油分多的烟叶韧性强、弹性好,手摸柔润、滑腻,抽吸时香气量足、香气质好、杂气少、刺激性小、劲头适中。叶片结构疏松则代表细胞发育好,间隙大,填充性、弹性、燃烧性均好[21]。研究发现云烟121的叶片成熟度较高,色度强,油分表现好,结构较疏松,抽吸时香气清晰,较绵实,烟气收敛成团,润细感较好,更符合优质烟叶的标准。
烤后烟叶的化学成分影响着烟草的香吃味、刺激性、杂气等品质,同时也是引进烤烟品种需重视的一项关键指标,只有各项化学成分含量适当,烟叶才具有优良的内在品质[22]。一般认为优质烟叶合适的还原糖含量为16.0%~18.0%、总糖含量为18.0%~22.0%、烟碱含量为1.5%~3.5%、氯含量为0.2%~0.6%、总氮含量为1.5%~3.5%、钾含量大于2%[23-28]。云烟121的总体常规化学成分较为适宜,呈现出“两高两适中”的特点,即总糖、还原糖含量较高,总氮、总植物碱含量适中,糖碱比较高,钾氯比较低,更符合优质烟叶化学成分含量标准。
农艺性状方面,5个烤烟品种中云烟121的田间长势较好,抗病性更强,具有较为适宜的化学成分;叶片结构方面,云烟121的叶绿体结构完整,嗜锇颗粒积累量较多,具有较好的鲜烟素质结构特征;代谢特征方面,云烟121叶片中富集了琥珀酸、苯乙酸等有机酸类物质,同时含有较少的降烟碱、新烟草碱等烟碱类物质,有利于提高烟叶的香气质量和安全性;烤后烟质量方面,云烟121的化学成分更为协调,云烟121和云烟87的感官质量表现较好,且二者在香气量、烟气状态、杂气、刺激性、口感等方面表现接近。因此云烟121具有较大的潜力替代云烟87进行推广种植。
  • 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(ZJZY2021B004)
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2025年第46卷第4期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.04.007
  • 接收时间:2024-11-26
  • 首发时间:2026-06-24
  • 出版时间:2025-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-26
  • 录用日期:2024-12-19
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浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(ZJZY2021B004)
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    1.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州 310002
    2.河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州 450046

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* 贾玮(JIA Wei),E-mail:
史久长(SHI Jiuchang),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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