Article(id=1276238253439188998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276238094940639467, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.02.020, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1727366400000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-27, revisedDate=1730908800000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782208510980, onlineDateStr=2026-06-23, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782208510980, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782208510980, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782208510980, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276238094940639467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2025', volume='46', issue='2', pageStart='247', pageEnd='489', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1740412800000', pubDateStr='2025-02-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782208473191, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782208527160, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276238321386909890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276238094940639467, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276238321386909891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276238094940639467, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=447, endPage=459, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276238253711818760, articleId=1276238253439188998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Study on the Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of the Second Ratoon Sugarcane, columnId=1236318328365577171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Agricultural Ecology & Environmental Protection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper aimed to explore the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of ratoon sugarcane in the second year under different fertilization levels, and provide a theoretical basis for the application of AM fungi in sugarcane. In this study, sugarcane varieties GT29 and GT58 were used as the materials. Four fertilization levels were set: 0.0 kg/hm2 (A), 562.5 kg/hm2 (B), 1125.0 kg/hm2 (C), 2250.0 kg/hm2(D). The results showed that different fertilization levels had significant effects on the root mycorrhizal infection rate of GT29, but had no significant effect on GT58. With the increase of fertilization level, the diversity and richness of AM fungi decreased significantly. With the increase of fertilization level, the diversity and richness of AM fungi decreased significantly. A total of 185 AM fungi OTUs were detected in GT29 and 175 in GT58. The dominant AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties under different fertilization levels were Glomus. The species diversity of AM fungal community in rhizosphere soil under different fertilization levels was analyzed at the OTU level. It was found that the two species of GT29 belonged to the genus Glomus, while the three species of GT58 belonged to the genus Claroidoglomus. Mantel test showed that the contents of Ca and Mg in soil were significantly positively correlated with the four genera, and the soil pH was also significantly positively correlated with the three genera. Therefore, excessive fertilization will significantly reduce the yield increase effect, cause soil acidification and excess phosphorus, and change the composition, diversity and richness of AM fungi community in sugarcane rhizosphere soil, but the varieties are different; Proper fertilization was helpful to enrich the diversity of soil AM fungi and promote the sustainable development of sugarcane yield.

, authors=null, authorsList=Sheng WANG, Xinting XU, Chunhua YANG, Xiaojuan QIN, Yihao KANG, Jinlian ZHANG, Lijun ZHAO, Tingsu CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jinlian ZHANG, Lijun ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276238255565701146, articleId=1276238253439188998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究, columnId=1236292523270918153, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=农业生态与环境保护, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究旨在探究不同施肥水平下第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌的多样性,为AM真菌在甘蔗上的应用提供理论依据。本研究以甘蔗品种桂糖29号(GT29)和桂糖58号(GT58)为试验材料,设4个施肥水平:0.0 kg/hm2(A)、562.5 kg/hm2(B)、1125.0 kg/hm2(C)、2250.0 kg/hm2(D)。研究结果表明:不同施肥水平对GT29的根系菌根侵染率有显著影响,而对GT58影响不显著。随着施肥水平的提高,AM真菌多样性和丰富度均显著下降。不同施肥水平的GT29根围土壤中共获得185个OTUs,GT58根围土壤中共获得175个OTUs。不同施肥水平下2个甘蔗品种根围土壤的优势AM真菌均为球囊霉属(Glomus)。在OTU水平对不同施肥水平甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落进行差异物种分析,发现GT29的2个差异物种均为球囊霉属,而GT58中的3个差异物种均为近明球囊霉属(Claroideoglomus)。经Mantel检验,发现土壤中的Ca、Mg含量与4个AM真菌属之间均呈极显著正相关,土壤pH与3个AM真菌属间也呈显著正相关。因此,过量施肥会使增产效果大幅降低,且造成土壤酸化及磷元素过剩,同时使甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落组成改变,多样性和丰富度降低,但品种间有差异;适量施肥有助于丰富土壤AM真菌的多样性,促进甘蔗产业的可持续发展。

, authors=

王晟(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤微生物。

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* 招礼军(ZHAO Lijun),E-mail:
张金莲(ZHANG Jinlian),E-mail:
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王晟(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤微生物。

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王晟(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤微生物。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Diversity and structure of the soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community are altered by Eucalyptus plantations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276238271621497021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=69, authorNames=陈廷速, 张金莲, 龙艳艳, journalName=广西甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌形态图谱, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈廷速, 张金莲, 龙艳艳. 广西甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌形态图谱[M]. 南宁: 广西科学技术出版社, 2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276238271688605886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=70, authorNames=CHEN T S, ZHANG J L, LONG Y Y, journalName=The morphologies of rhizosphere of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of sugarcane in Guangxi, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN T S, ZHANG J L, LONG Y Y. The morphologies of rhizosphere of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of sugarcane in Guangxi[M]. Nanning: Guangxi Science & Technology Publishing House Co. Ltd., 2015. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276238271772491967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=34, pageStart=123, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=71, authorNames=李佳齐, 王晓慧, 何鑫, 宋福强, journalName=中国农学通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李佳齐, 王晓慧, 何鑫, 宋福强. 丛枝菌根真菌提高植物耐酸碱能力及改善土壤pH应用潜力[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(34): 123-129., articleTitle=丛枝菌根真菌提高植物耐酸碱能力及改善土壤pH应用潜力, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276238272045121728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=34, pageStart=123, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=72, authorNames=LI J Q, WANG X H, HE X, SONG F Q, journalName=Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI J Q, WANG X H, HE X, SONG F Q. Improvement of plant acid and alkali resistance and soil pH application potential by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(34): 123-129. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Improvement of plant acid and alkali resistance and soil pH application potential by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1276238265829163125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, awardId=2019GXNSFDA245013, language=CN, fundingSource=广西自然科学基金重点项目(2019GXNSFDA245013), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1276238265883689078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, awardId=2023YM96; 2021YT097, language=CN, fundingSource=广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2023YM96; 2021YT097), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1276238255838330908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276238255846719517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, companyId=1276238255838330908, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276238255855108126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, companyId=1276238255838330908, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.广西大学林学院,广西南宁 530004)]), AuthorCompany(id=1276238256169680927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276238256182263840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, companyId=1276238256169680927, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276238256199041057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, companyId=1276238256169680927, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁 530007)]), AuthorCompany(id=1276238256282927139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276238256295510052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, companyId=1276238256282927139, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276238256308092965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, companyId=1276238256282927139, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.广西大学农学院,广西南宁 530004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1276238263736205405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Relative abundance of AM fungal communities at genus level at different fertilization levels, figureFileSmall=9CXAEk2ZY5zcQQGtS6LWNg==, figureFileBig=OwvDhE1QfhcsZipioWv2lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238263807508574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同施肥水平AM真菌群落属水平的相对丰度, figureFileSmall=9CXAEk2ZY5zcQQGtS6LWNg==, figureFileBig=OwvDhE1QfhcsZipioWv2lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264164024415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Distribution of OTUs in GT29 (A) and GT58 (B) rhizosphere soil at different fertilization levels, figureFileSmall=ymZml9kqp2nz3feHuRhzfg==, figureFileBig=peC7gZ4STD3zJf8zoBeFBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264239521888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同施肥水平GT29(A)和GT58(B)根围土壤的OTUs分布, figureFileSmall=ymZml9kqp2nz3feHuRhzfg==, figureFileBig=peC7gZ4STD3zJf8zoBeFBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264298242145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Diversity of AM fungal in GT29 rhizosphere soil at different fertilization levels

* indicates significant difference (P<0.05); ** indicates extremely significant difference (P<0.01); *** indicates extremely significant difference (P<0.001).

, figureFileSmall=gRocslzb6XOP7N/C+Xbexg==, figureFileBig=69VMNMiMGdsrE/Oi1qgvMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264369545314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同施肥水平GT29根围土壤AM真菌群落多样性

*表示差异显著(P<0.05);**表示差异极显著(P<0.01);***表示差异极显著(P<0.001)。

, figureFileSmall=gRocslzb6XOP7N/C+Xbexg==, figureFileBig=69VMNMiMGdsrE/Oi1qgvMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264436654179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Diversity of AM fungal in GT58 rhizosphere soil at different fertilization levels

* indicates significant difference (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=x6guSNWVR3XhlE5tliihQQ==, figureFileBig=B/tGnsyw/z7c9+ui9hLhew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264503763044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同施肥水平GT58根围土壤AM真菌多样性

*表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=x6guSNWVR3XhlE5tliihQQ==, figureFileBig=B/tGnsyw/z7c9+ui9hLhew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264566677605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=PLS-DA plot of AM fungal community in GT29 (A) and GT58 (B) rhizosphere soil at different fertilization levels, figureFileSmall=KQsCY0uU1ms2D15HGDznmw==, figureFileBig=DpUVy0LSMl3onifdNhEEKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264633786470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同施肥水平GT29(A)和GT58(B)根围土壤AM真菌群落的PLS-DA图, figureFileSmall=KQsCY0uU1ms2D15HGDznmw==, figureFileBig=DpUVy0LSMl3onifdNhEEKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264721866855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Differential species of AM fungal community in GT29 rhizosphere soil at different fertilization levels

* indicates significant difference (P<0.05); ** indicates extremely significant difference (P<0.01).

, figureFileSmall=/sRsFRUVtMKYzPE1hqyVVw==, figureFileBig=S3/S84m0Em/GZuk1Fkno1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264797364328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同施肥水平GT29根围土壤AM真菌群落差异物种

*表示差异显著(P<0.05);**表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=/sRsFRUVtMKYzPE1hqyVVw==, figureFileBig=S3/S84m0Em/GZuk1Fkno1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264881250409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Differential species of AM fungal community in GT58 rhizosphere soil at different fertilization levels

* indicates significant difference (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=9ufks+zw40N9RXSPM0bxxw==, figureFileBig=cn3kHdWuU9ufiIbeBOuVhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238264960942186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同施肥水平GT58根围土壤AM真菌群落差异物种

*表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=9ufks+zw40N9RXSPM0bxxw==, figureFileBig=cn3kHdWuU9ufiIbeBOuVhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238265028051051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Correlation between soil environmental factors and AM fungal community, figureFileSmall=a6CPwFX+anMRxm6wpQAeQQ==, figureFileBig=V2cyt/OcvUEhlANTNH9/aA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238265099354220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=图8, caption=土壤环境因子与AM真菌属群落的相关性, figureFileSmall=a6CPwFX+anMRxm6wpQAeQQ==, figureFileBig=V2cyt/OcvUEhlANTNH9/aA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276238265170657389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Experimental setup and its No.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety施肥量Fertilization amount/(kg·hm–2)
0562.51125.02250.0
GT29A29B29C29D29
GT58A58B58C58D58
), ArticleFig(id=1276238265267126382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试验设置及其编号

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety施肥量Fertilization amount/(kg·hm–2)
0562.51125.02250.0
GT29A29B29C29D29
GT58A58B58C58D58
), ArticleFig(id=1276238265338429551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Soil physical and chemical properties of GT29 and GT58 at different fertilization levels

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety编号No.pH含量Content
有机质SOM/(g·kg–1)碱解氮AN/(mg·kg–1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg–1)钙Ca/(mg·kg–1)速效钾AK/(mg·kg–1)镁Mg/(mg·kg–1)铜Cu/(mg·kg–1)铁Fe/(mg·kg–1)锰Mn/(mg·kg–1)锌Zn/(mg·kg–1)
GT29A297.57a27.67a129.50b3.69a563.60a139.51ab36.93a0.71a37.55a18.94ab0.89a
B296.18b30.01a230.13ab5.00a384.79ab108.09b25.96bc0.71a43.74a25.46a1.02a
C295.08c26.30a217.88ab8.20a484.05a169.16a30.24ab0.55a38.13a11.97b0.86a
D294.47d27.48a255.50a17.56a213.61b140.14ab17.82c0.77a52.59a9.99b0.91a
GT58A586.97a26.15a138.25a3.41b643.23a127.18a48.00a0.74a32.47b27.12a0.86a
B585.47b33.62a164.50a3.97b406.88b101.61a32.86b0.59ab37.06b23.28a0.83a
C584.41c28.90a173.25a6.60b387.36b128.05a32.61b0.56b33.67b16.44a0.80a
D584.18d28.48a183.75a16.62a317.26b148.71a27.16b0.63ab50.69a17.54a0.97a
), ArticleFig(id=1276238265409732720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同施肥水平GT29与GT58根围土壤的理化性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety编号No.pH含量Content
有机质SOM/(g·kg–1)碱解氮AN/(mg·kg–1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg–1)钙Ca/(mg·kg–1)速效钾AK/(mg·kg–1)镁Mg/(mg·kg–1)铜Cu/(mg·kg–1)铁Fe/(mg·kg–1)锰Mn/(mg·kg–1)锌Zn/(mg·kg–1)
GT29A297.57a27.67a129.50b3.69a563.60a139.51ab36.93a0.71a37.55a18.94ab0.89a
B296.18b30.01a230.13ab5.00a384.79ab108.09b25.96bc0.71a43.74a25.46a1.02a
C295.08c26.30a217.88ab8.20a484.05a169.16a30.24ab0.55a38.13a11.97b0.86a
D294.47d27.48a255.50a17.56a213.61b140.14ab17.82c0.77a52.59a9.99b0.91a
GT58A586.97a26.15a138.25a3.41b643.23a127.18a48.00a0.74a32.47b27.12a0.86a
B585.47b33.62a164.50a3.97b406.88b101.61a32.86b0.59ab37.06b23.28a0.83a
C584.41c28.90a173.25a6.60b387.36b128.05a32.61b0.56b33.67b16.44a0.80a
D584.18d28.48a183.75a16.62a317.26b148.71a27.16b0.63ab50.69a17.54a0.97a
), ArticleFig(id=1276238265485230193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Agronomic traits of GT29 and GT58 at different fertilization levels

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety编号No.出芽率Sprouting rate/%分蘖数Number of tillers每公顷有效茎数Effective stems per hectare产量Yield/(t·hm–2)株高Plant height/cm茎径Stalk diameter/mm锤度Brix/°BX
GT29A2984.17a130.56b18 425.79c62.34c279.43ab26.32a28.33a
B2989.83a172.00a22 235.71b84.18b297.39a26.14a28.22a
C2992.45a177.22a22 314.68b94.93ab303.30a26.82a29.62a
D2993.78a188.83a26 296.43a99.86a290.71ab27.43a27.67a
GT58A5853.22a96.22b13 081.75c78.79c287.00a28.38ab27.16a
B5854.45a111.94a16 732.94b99.92b301.41a29.28a27.38a
C5859.78a112.89a17 301.59ab110.44ab304.43a27.52b27.32a
D5860.00a126.17a18 955.16a120.12a298.08a28.80ab26.70a
), ArticleFig(id=1276238265573310578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同施肥水平GT29与GT58的农艺性状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety编号No.出芽率Sprouting rate/%分蘖数Number of tillers每公顷有效茎数Effective stems per hectare产量Yield/(t·hm–2)株高Plant height/cm茎径Stalk diameter/mm锤度Brix/°BX
GT29A2984.17a130.56b18 425.79c62.34c279.43ab26.32a28.33a
B2989.83a172.00a22 235.71b84.18b297.39a26.14a28.22a
C2992.45a177.22a22 314.68b94.93ab303.30a26.82a29.62a
D2993.78a188.83a26 296.43a99.86a290.71ab27.43a27.67a
GT58A5853.22a96.22b13 081.75c78.79c287.00a28.38ab27.16a
B5854.45a111.94a16 732.94b99.92b301.41a29.28a27.38a
C5859.78a112.89a17 301.59ab110.44ab304.43a27.52b27.32a
D5860.00a126.17a18 955.16a120.12a298.08a28.80ab26.70a
), ArticleFig(id=1276238265648808051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276238253439188998, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Mycorrhizal colonization in sugarcane roots at different fertilization levels

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety编号No.侵染率Colonization rate侵染强度Colonization intensity相对侵染强度Relative colonization intensity相对丛枝丰度Relative arbuscular abundance丛枝丰度Arbuscular abundance
GT29A2994.17b41.62a43.84a19.38a9.45a
B2999.17a48.04a48.23a28.52a14.81a
C2999.17a41.19a41.54a32.28a13.79a
D2994.17b31.09a32.74a20.73a7.04a
GT58A5896.67a34.11a35.21a9.72a3.28a
B5896.67a37.03a38.33a5.22a1.88a
C5894.17a33.09a35.42a8.20a2.56a
D5889.17a32.81a36.23a12.77a4.17a
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不同施肥水平GT29和GT58根系菌根的侵染情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Variety编号No.侵染率Colonization rate侵染强度Colonization intensity相对侵染强度Relative colonization intensity相对丛枝丰度Relative arbuscular abundance丛枝丰度Arbuscular abundance
GT29A2994.17b41.62a43.84a19.38a9.45a
B2999.17a48.04a48.23a28.52a14.81a
C2999.17a41.19a41.54a32.28a13.79a
D2994.17b31.09a32.74a20.73a7.04a
GT58A5896.67a34.11a35.21a9.72a3.28a
B5896.67a37.03a38.33a5.22a1.88a
C5894.17a33.09a35.42a8.20a2.56a
D5889.17a32.81a36.23a12.77a4.17a
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第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究
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王晟 1, 2 , 徐欣婷 2, 3 , 杨春华 2, 3 , 覃晓娟 2 , 康贻豪 2 , 张金莲 2, * , 招礼军 1, * , 陈廷速 2
热带作物学报 | 农业生态与环境保护 2025,46(2): 447-459
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热带作物学报 |农业生态与环境保护 2025 , 46 (2) : 447 -459
第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究
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王晟1, 2, 徐欣婷2, 3, 杨春华2, 3, 覃晓娟2, 康贻豪2, 张金莲2, * , 招礼军1, * , 陈廷速2
作者信息
  • 1.广西大学林学院,广西南宁 530004
  • 2.广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁 530007
  • 3.广西大学农学院,广西南宁 530004
通讯作者:
* 招礼军(ZHAO Lijun),E-mail:
张金莲(ZHANG Jinlian),E-mail:
Study on the Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of the Second Ratoon Sugarcane
Sheng WANG1, 2, Xinting XU2, 3, Chunhua YANG2, 3, Xiaojuan QIN2, Yihao KANG2, Jinlian ZHANG2, * , Lijun ZHAO1, * , Tingsu CHEN2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
  • 2.Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
  • 3.College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.02.020
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本研究旨在探究不同施肥水平下第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌的多样性,为AM真菌在甘蔗上的应用提供理论依据。本研究以甘蔗品种桂糖29号(GT29)和桂糖58号(GT58)为试验材料,设4个施肥水平:0.0 kg/hm2(A)、562.5 kg/hm2(B)、1125.0 kg/hm2(C)、2250.0 kg/hm2(D)。研究结果表明:不同施肥水平对GT29的根系菌根侵染率有显著影响,而对GT58影响不显著。随着施肥水平的提高,AM真菌多样性和丰富度均显著下降。不同施肥水平的GT29根围土壤中共获得185个OTUs,GT58根围土壤中共获得175个OTUs。不同施肥水平下2个甘蔗品种根围土壤的优势AM真菌均为球囊霉属(Glomus)。在OTU水平对不同施肥水平甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落进行差异物种分析,发现GT29的2个差异物种均为球囊霉属,而GT58中的3个差异物种均为近明球囊霉属(Claroideoglomus)。经Mantel检验,发现土壤中的Ca、Mg含量与4个AM真菌属之间均呈极显著正相关,土壤pH与3个AM真菌属间也呈显著正相关。因此,过量施肥会使增产效果大幅降低,且造成土壤酸化及磷元素过剩,同时使甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落组成改变,多样性和丰富度降低,但品种间有差异;适量施肥有助于丰富土壤AM真菌的多样性,促进甘蔗产业的可持续发展。

甘蔗  /  宿根蔗  /  根围土壤  /  丛枝菌根真菌  /  多样性

This paper aimed to explore the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of ratoon sugarcane in the second year under different fertilization levels, and provide a theoretical basis for the application of AM fungi in sugarcane. In this study, sugarcane varieties GT29 and GT58 were used as the materials. Four fertilization levels were set: 0.0 kg/hm2 (A), 562.5 kg/hm2 (B), 1125.0 kg/hm2 (C), 2250.0 kg/hm2(D). The results showed that different fertilization levels had significant effects on the root mycorrhizal infection rate of GT29, but had no significant effect on GT58. With the increase of fertilization level, the diversity and richness of AM fungi decreased significantly. With the increase of fertilization level, the diversity and richness of AM fungi decreased significantly. A total of 185 AM fungi OTUs were detected in GT29 and 175 in GT58. The dominant AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties under different fertilization levels were Glomus. The species diversity of AM fungal community in rhizosphere soil under different fertilization levels was analyzed at the OTU level. It was found that the two species of GT29 belonged to the genus Glomus, while the three species of GT58 belonged to the genus Claroidoglomus. Mantel test showed that the contents of Ca and Mg in soil were significantly positively correlated with the four genera, and the soil pH was also significantly positively correlated with the three genera. Therefore, excessive fertilization will significantly reduce the yield increase effect, cause soil acidification and excess phosphorus, and change the composition, diversity and richness of AM fungi community in sugarcane rhizosphere soil, but the varieties are different; Proper fertilization was helpful to enrich the diversity of soil AM fungi and promote the sustainable development of sugarcane yield.

sugarcane  /  ratoon sugarcane  /  rhizosphere soil  /  arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi  /  diversity
王晟, 徐欣婷, 杨春华, 覃晓娟, 康贻豪, 张金莲, 招礼军, 陈廷速. 第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究. 热带作物学报, 2025 , 46 (2) : 447 -459 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.02.020
Sheng WANG, Xinting XU, Chunhua YANG, Xiaojuan QIN, Yihao KANG, Jinlian ZHANG, Lijun ZHAO, Tingsu CHEN. Study on the Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of the Second Ratoon Sugarcane[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2025 , 46 (2) : 447 -459 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.02.020
甘蔗是最主要的糖料和经济作物,作为C4植物,因其高效的光合作用能力而被广泛栽培于热带和亚热带地区[1]。目前,全球约有110个国家和地区种植甘蔗,全球约80%的糖和35%的乙醇以其为原料,是发展中国家重要的支柱产业之一。我国是世界第三大甘蔗生产国,甘蔗主要种植区分布在广西、云南、广东等地[2],其中广西的甘蔗种植面积多达84.8万hm2,占全国甘蔗总种植面积的65.8%(《中国统计年鉴2023》)。目前,广西甘蔗生产中存在的主要问题有机械化程度低、健康种苗应用率低、过量施肥、宿根年限短等[3]。在这些问题中,不合理施肥导致的生产问题越来越突出,不仅造成土壤营养元素失衡[4],还破坏了甘蔗根围微环境,严重影响甘蔗产量[5]
丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌是一类普遍存在于土壤环境中的微生物,能够与超过80%的高等植物的根系形成共生关系[6]。AM真菌可以提高宿主植物的抗逆性[7],改善土壤团粒结构,修复土壤退化[8]。广西甘蔗根围土壤有丰富的AM真菌资源,目前已经在甘蔗根围土壤中鉴定出7科12属24种AM真菌[9]。土壤中AM真菌的孢子密度受土壤环境因子的影响[10]。研究表明,常规施肥使土壤AM真菌的侵染率降低[11],而合理施肥可以提高土壤微生物群落的稳定性,并使深层土壤的无机氮积累有效降低[12];接种AM真菌可以显著促进甘蔗的生长,接种AM真菌的甘蔗植株在株高、绿叶数、茎径和根系发达度等方面均表现出明显的优势[13];大田甘蔗接种AM真菌可以提高土壤pH,促进甘蔗根系对土壤养分的吸收,使甘蔗增产10%~24%,同时减少30%以上化肥施用量[14-16]。这为可持续农业生产提供了一种有效的生物技术手段,有助于提高甘蔗产量和质量,减少对化肥的依赖。
在农业生产过程中,AM真菌易受耕作方式、施肥等因素的影响[17-18],但有关宿根蔗根围土壤AM真菌与施肥水平关系的研究较少,缺乏长期合理的施肥指导。因此,本研究旨在探究不同施肥水平对甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌多样性的影响,为解决过量施肥造成的养分资源浪费和防治面源污染问题,推动蔗糖产业的可持续发展,利用菌根技术在甘蔗生产方面的应用奠定理论基础。
供试甘蔗品种为甘蔗优良品种桂糖58号(GT58)和桂糖29号(GT29)。试验在广西农业科学院科学研究基地试验地(23°14′N,108°33′E)进行。供试土壤基本理化性质:pH为5.1,有机质为32.3 g/kg,全氮为2.3 g/kg,全磷为1.8 g/kg,全钾为10.9 g/kg,水解氮为52.0 mg/kg,有效磷为73.2 mg/kg,速效钾为110 mg/kg。
田间试验设计采用随机区组设计,设置6次重复;5行小区,行长为7 m,行距为1.2 m;不同小区间种植同一品种3行甘蔗作为隔离区。由于不同甘蔗品种的分蘖有差异,特别是GT29的分蘖非常强,按品种特性,GT58的下种量为120 000芽/hm2,GT29的下种量为75 000芽/hm2
按广西种植甘蔗普遍采用的施肥量为1500 kg/hm2,参考近年来甘蔗菌根的大田研究结果[14-16,19-21],设置4个不同的施肥水平(表1):0.0 kg/hm2,0%(A);562.5 kg/hm2,25%(B);1125.0 kg/hm2,50%(C);2250.0 kg/hm2,100%(D)。缓释复合肥N∶P∶K=17∶7∶17(河北天人化工股份有限公司)。
于2020年1月8日种植新植蔗,研究数据来源于2022年甘蔗种植第3年,即第2年宿根蔗田间试验。宿根蔗管理措施与常规种植相同,2022年3月15日苗期复合肥用量40%,2022年5月18日培土追肥用量60%。
于2022年4月10日统计甘蔗出芽数,计算出芽率;5月26日调查甘蔗分蘖数,11月26日调查甘蔗有效茎数,12月15日采收甘蔗称重,并从中间3行选取20株长势相近的甘蔗测量株高、茎径和锤度。
参考KANG等[21]的甘蔗土壤和根系采样方法,于2022年12月27日以五点取样法采集0~30 cm土层的甘蔗根系及根围土壤。
参照《土壤农化分析》[22]测定土壤pH、有机质(SOM)、碱解氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、钙(Ca)、速效钾(AK)、镁(Mg)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)含量等甘蔗根围土壤的理化性质。
对甘蔗根系染色,观察AM真菌在侵染甘蔗根系后形成的定殖结构。参考廖楠等[23]的甘蔗根系菌根检测方法对根系菌根进行染色。在显微镜下观察染色的根系,并记录根系AM真菌菌丝、丛枝、泡囊等定殖结构,对照菌根侵染与泡囊丰度分级标准,参考TROVELOT等[24]的方法,利用Mycocale软件计算菌根侵染率、侵染强度、相对侵染强度、相对丛枝丰度和丛枝丰度。
参考KANG等[21]的方法对土壤AM真菌进行高通量测序。
使用Trimmomatic 0.38软件对原始测序序列进行质控,使用Flash 1.2.11序列进行双端拼接,采用UPARSE 11工具根据97%相似度聚类成不同的操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU),获得的OTU代表序列在MaarjAM数据库中进行比对,以RDP Classifier法对OTUs进行注释,分类置信度阈值设为0.7。剔除在门水平上未分类的序列,按最小样本序列数抽平,使用抽平后的OTU表进行后续数据分析。使用Mothur软件进行α多样性分析,以Shannon指数和Simpson指数表征物种多样性,以Ace指数和Chao1指数表征物种丰富度;使用Bray-Curtis距离计算β多样性距离矩阵,以偏最小二乘法判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)反映不同施肥处理对甘蔗根围AM真菌群落的影响,以Adonis检验不同施肥处理之间AM真菌群落的差异显著性;采用单因素方差分析与Duncan’s法比较各处理间农艺性状的差异显著性;采用Mantel方法分析土壤理化性质与不同AM真菌属之间的相关性,采用Pearson相关性分析土壤因子间的关系。
不同施肥水平显著影响GT29和GT58的根围土壤pH,各处理间均存在显著差异(P<0.05),随着施肥量的增多,GT29根围土壤pH由7.57(A29)逐渐降至4.47(D58),GT58根围土壤pH由6.97(A58)逐渐降至4.18(D58)。不同施肥水平对GT29和GT58根围土壤的Ca含量均有显著影响,在GT29中,D29与B29间无显著差异,而D29分别比A29和C29显著降低62.10%和44.49%;在GT58中,B58、C58、D58分别比A58显著降低36.74%、39.79%和50.68%。不同施肥水平显著影响GT29和GT58根围土壤的Mg含量,在GT29中,A29与C29间无显著差异,B29和D29分别比A29显著降低29.70%和51.75%;在GT58中,B58、C58、D58分别比A58显著降低31.54%、32.06%和43.42%。不同施肥水平显著影响GT29根围土壤的碱解氮、速效钾和Mn含量,D29的碱解氮含量比A29显著提高97.29%,C29的速效钾含量比B29显著提高56.50%,C29、D29的速效钾含量分别比B29显著降低52.99%和60.76%;而不同施肥水平对GT58碱解氮、速效钾含量无显著影响。不同施肥水平对GT58根围土壤的有效磷、Cu和Fe的影响显著,D58的有效磷含量分别比A58、B58、C58显著提高387.39%、318.64%和151.82%,C58的Cu含量比A58显著降低4.32%,D58的Fe含量分别比A58、B58、C58显著提高56.11%、36.78%和50.50%;而不同施肥水平对GT29有效磷、Cu、Fe含量无显著影响。不同施肥水平对GT29和GT58根围土壤的有机质、Zn含量无显著影响(表2)。总体而言,过量施肥使甘蔗土壤pH降低,Ca和Mg含量显著降低,有效磷含量严重过剩。
施肥水平的提高能够在一定程度上增加甘蔗产量和有效茎数,但当过量施肥(D处理)时,与C处理相比甘蔗产量增加不显著,即D29(99.86 t/hm2)与C29(94.93 t/hm2)、D58(120.12 t/hm2)与C58(110.44 t/hm2)间的甘蔗产量均无显著差异;不同施肥水平显著影响GT58的茎径,C58的茎径比B58降低6.01%,而C58与A58、D58间无显著差异;施肥处理(B、C、D)的甘蔗分蘖数显著高于未施肥(A)甘蔗的分蘖数;不同施肥水平对GT29和GT58的出芽率、株高、锤度无显著影响(表3)。因此,适当施肥可以提高甘蔗产量,但是过量施肥(D)使生产的投入产出比大幅降低,不适宜甘蔗的可持续生产。
不同施肥水平显著影响GT29的根系菌根侵染率,B29、C29比A29和D29显著提高5.00%;不同施肥水平对GT29和GT58的根系菌根侵染强度、相对侵染强度、相对丛枝丰度和丛枝丰度均无显著影响(表4)。说明施肥量对不同甘蔗品种根系AM真菌的影响有一定差异。
对第2年宿根蔗土壤根围样品进行测序并初步筛选,共获得1 512 798条序列,各样本序列数在36 391~74 687之间,平均长度为217 bp。以序列数34 561进行抽平,各样本稀释曲线均达到平台期,表明各处理的土壤样本测序数据合理。以抽平后的序列划分OTUs,第2年宿根蔗土壤根围AM真菌隶属11科13属34种。其中,在属水平主要为球囊霉属(Glomus)、近明球囊霉属(Claroideoglomus)、无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)、盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)(图1)。在2个甘蔗品种的不同施肥水平中,优势属均为球囊霉属,并且随着施肥水平的提高,球囊霉属的丰度不断增加,在D29和D58水平下的丰度最高,分别达95.11%和97.39%。
不同施肥水平的GT29根围土壤中,共获得185个OTUs,所有处理共有OTUs数量为49个,占总数的26.49%,A29、B29、C29和D29各处理独有的OTU数量分别60、6、5、4个(图2A)。不同施肥水平的GT58根围土壤中,共获得175个OTUs,所有处理共有的OTUs数量为51个,占总数的29.14%,A58、B58、C58和D58各处理独有的OTUs数量分别32、8、12、12个(图2B)。
不同施肥水平显著影响甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落的α多样性。在GT29中,C29、D29水平下Ace指数、Chao1指数均极显著低于A29,C29水平下Shannon指数显著低于A29,D29水平下Shannon指数极显著低于A29,而不同施肥水平下Simpson指数差异不显著(图3);在GT58中,D58处理的Ace指数、Chao1指数均显著低于A58,C58处理的Ace指数也显著低于A58,而不同施肥水平的Shannon指数和Simpson指数均差异不显著(图4)。总之,甘蔗未施肥处理的AM真菌多样性和丰富度最高,且随着施肥水平的提高,多样性与丰富度呈逐渐下降的趋势,过量施肥使2个品种甘蔗根围土壤的AM真菌多样性和丰富度均显著降低。
对GT29根围土壤AM真菌群落进行PLS-DA分析表明,第1主成分(COMP1)解释了变量方差的23.92%,第2主成分(COMP2)解释了变量方差的11.36%;A29组内AM真菌物种组成差异较大,B29、C29与D29组内AM真菌物种组成较相似;A29的4个重复在X轴与Y轴上均有较大偏移,表明该组内各样本间物种组成存在差异,而C29与D29组间差异较小(图5A)。
对GT58根围土壤AM真菌群落进行PLS-DA分析表明,第1主成分(COMP1)解释了变量方差的16.65%,第2主成分(COMP2)解释了变量方差的11.61%;A58与B58组内AM真菌物种组成差异较大,C58与D58组内AM真菌物种组成相似;A58有1个重复在X轴和Y轴上与其余3个重复出现偏移,表明出现偏移的重复与组内的其他3个重复之间的物种组成存在差异;B58的4个重复均出现偏移,表明该组内物种组成存在差异;C58与D58组间差异也较小(图5B)。
对不同施肥水平下GT29与GT58第2年宿根蔗的根围AM真菌群落从门水平到OTU水平上进行线性判别分析,寻找不同处理中与造成AM真菌群落差异显著相关的物种。结果表明,不同施肥水平下GT29的根围AM真菌群落在OTU水平上的2个差异物种为OTU139、OTU177(图6),均属于球囊霉属。在OTU139中,A29(0.20%)与B29(1.76%)间呈显著差异(P<0.05);在OTU177中,A29(5.71%)与C29(49.14%)、D29(49.14%)间呈极显著差异(P<0.01)。不同施肥水平下GT58的根围AM真菌群落在OTU水平上的3个差异物种为OTU94、OTU175和OTU193,均属于近明球囊霉属。OTU94仅存在于A58(2.08%)中;在OTU175中,A58(25.97%)与D58(1.19%)间呈显著差异(P<0.05);在OTU193中,A58(6.13%)与D58(0.51%)间呈显著差异(图7)。
将根围土壤AM真菌群落中的4个属(球囊霉属、近明球囊霉属、盾巨孢囊霉属、梗囊霉属)与所有土壤环境因子进行Mantel检验(图8),结果表明,土壤中的Ca、Mg含量与4个AM真菌属之间均呈极显著正相关,土壤pH与3个AM真菌属间呈显著正相关。其中,球囊霉属与土壤pH、Ca、Mg、Fe含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);近明球囊霉属与土壤有机质和Fe含量呈显著正相关(P<0.0.5),与土壤Ca、Mg、Mn含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);盾巨孢囊霉属和无梗囊霉属与土壤pH、AP、Fe含量呈显著正相关(P<0.0.5),与土壤Ca、Mg、Mn含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。
由于甘蔗具有生长周期长、营养需求量大的特点,合理施肥对甘蔗的生长至关重要。肥料中适当的氮、磷、钾比例可以促进甘蔗的光合作用,从而促进糖分的积累[25]。在前期的新植甘蔗研究中,GT29在不同施肥水平下的产量无明显差异,而GT58在C58和D58处理的产量显著高于A58,C58与D58处理间的产量无显著差异[20]。已有研究表明,肥料达到最佳配比前,每增加1 kg肥料,甘蔗产量可增加62.7 kg,但过量施肥后增产效果明显降低[26],与本研究结果一致。本研究发现随着施肥水平的提高,GT29和GT58的产量均表现出不同程度的增长,B29和C29处理的产量分别为84.18 t/hm2和94.93 t/hm2,C58和D58处理的产量分别为110.44 t/hm2和120.12 t/hm2,但当施肥量超过一定限度后,即使显著增加施肥量,甘蔗产量并无显著性差异,这说明过量施肥后甘蔗对肥料的利用率大幅下降,同时过量的营养元素无法被充分利用,不仅浪费了资源,还造成了土壤酸化、环境污染。孔垂豹等[27]研究表明,当施肥量减半时,AM真菌对甘蔗的促生作用显著提高。综上,由于甘蔗对营养元素的利用率不同,长期过量施用复合肥,造成田间土壤营养元素比例失衡[28],从而使甘蔗产量不及预期。
不同施肥水平显著影响土壤理化性质,从而间接影响土壤AM真菌群落[29]。本研究发现,不同施肥水平影响GT29的根系菌根侵染率,B29和C29处理的菌根侵染率显著高于A29和D29处理,而对GT58的菌根侵染率却无显著影响,说明不同施肥水平对甘蔗根系菌根侵染率的影响程度因品种而异。本研究中随着施肥量的增加,2个甘蔗品种根围土壤AM真菌多样性和丰富度均呈逐渐下降的趋势,最高施肥水平(D29,D58)的AM真菌多样性和丰富度显著低于未施肥水平(A29,A58),表明不同施肥量可以改变土壤AM真菌的多样性,长期施用复合肥能够显著降低AM真菌的多样性[30-31]。此外,与GT29相比,GT58在B58和A58处理的AM真菌多样性和丰富度并无显著性差异,说明这种变化趋势也会因甘蔗品种而不同。这种差异可能是由于宿主植物不同,引起AM真菌对施肥水平表现出不同的敏感程度[32]
土壤AM真菌群落组成会因施肥水平的不同而发生改变。本研究通过物种组成分析发现,不同施肥水平下2个甘蔗品种根围土壤AM真菌群落的优势菌属均为球囊霉属。试验前期研究的新植甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落的优势属也为球囊霉属,相对丰度均达93%以上[21]。李锦婷[33]的研究也同样发现,在喀斯特53个土壤样品中,AM真菌的优势属均为球囊霉属。球囊霉属能够在农田土壤的AM真菌群落中占据优势,是因为其可以从菌丝体碎片或菌根中定殖,能够适应多变的外界环境,且产孢率高于其他属,在竞争中具有优势[34-35]。本研究还发现,随着施肥水平的提高,球囊霉属在AM真菌群落中的占比也逐渐增加,在最高施肥水平D29和D58中分别达到95.11%和97.39%。球囊霉属占比的这种变化趋势与冯重阳[11]的研究结果相同,是因为与其他AM真菌相比,球囊霉属对土壤养分的提高更加敏感。土壤中的球囊霉属真菌能够促进植物对氮、磷的吸收,其分泌的球囊霉素还可以增加土壤有机质含量,并改善土壤孔隙水气情况[36],这可能受球囊霉属真菌占比提高的影响,增强了甘蔗对土壤中氮、磷养分的吸收,促进了甘蔗的增产。本研究对不同施肥水平下甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌的差异物种进行分析,发现GT29中的差异物种均为球囊霉属,而GT58中的差异物种均为近明球囊霉属,说明不同品种甘蔗也会对AM真菌群落组成产生不同的影响。
通过对甘蔗根围土壤和AM真菌群落的相关性分析发现,土壤中的Ca、Mg含量与AM真菌的4个优势属之间均呈极显著正相关,说明土壤中的Ca、Mg含量很大程度上决定着优势属的占比,从而对AM真菌群落组成产生影响。刘忆等[37]也研究发现,接种AM真菌能够显著增加植物对Ca、Mg的吸收。此外,本研究中的土壤pH与AM真菌的优势属间也呈显著正相关,与李佳雨等[38]的研究结果一致。广西大部分蔗区经过30多年的连作,由于南方红壤普遍为酸性,加之甘蔗种植过程中存在过量施用化肥,大部分蔗区土壤pH在4.0~5.5之间[39]。本研究施肥处理前的土壤pH为7.0~7.5(预试验测定),而过量施化肥处理(D处理),在经过3 a的种植后,D29和D58的pH分别降至4.47和4.18,说明连续过量施化肥使土壤酸化。相关研究还发现,AM真菌可以通过多种途径调节土壤pH,使酸性土壤pH提高[40]。说明土壤pH的降低,是由增加化肥施用量和减少土壤AM真菌多样性与丰富度共同作用引起的。
试验前期对新植甘蔗的研究结果表明,无梗囊霉属和盾巨孢囊霉属能够对甘蔗的农艺性状产生积极影响,GT29在不同施肥水平下的产量和根围土壤AM真菌多样性与丰富度并未表现出显著差异[21],而GT29宿根二年蔗的上述指标均表现出显著差异。说明GT29的根围土壤AM真菌在试验初期还能够在一定水平下保持稳定,但随着施肥年限的增加,土壤环境发生较大变化后,这种维持稳定的能力受到破坏,从而影响群落结构,进而对甘蔗产量产生影响。具体的作用机制还需要进一步研究。
综上所述,不同施肥量通过影响土壤的理化性质,进而对土壤微生物群落产生影响。过量施用化肥使土壤酸化,pH大幅降低,土壤磷元素累积过剩,影响根围土壤AM真菌丰度占比,降低AM真菌多样性和丰富度,不利于甘蔗生长。因此,甘蔗生产上适当施用化肥不仅可以提高产量,还可以在保证甘蔗产量的前提下,维持根围土壤环境和AM真菌群落的相对稳定,有利于甘蔗产业的可持续发展。
  • 广西自然科学基金重点项目(2019GXNSFDA245013)
  • 广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2023YM96; 2021YT097)
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2025年第46卷第2期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.02.020
  • 接收时间:2024-09-27
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-27
  • 修回日期:2024-11-07
基金
广西自然科学基金重点项目(2019GXNSFDA245013)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2023YM96; 2021YT097)
作者信息
    1.广西大学林学院,广西南宁 530004
    2.广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁 530007
    3.广西大学农学院,广西南宁 530004

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* 招礼军(ZHAO Lijun),E-mail:
张金莲(ZHANG Jinlian),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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