Article(id=1276204214200177125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276204178091413862, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.12.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715270400000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-10, revisedDate=1720540800000, revisedDateStr=2024-07-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782200395392, onlineDateStr=2026-06-23, pubDate=1735056000000, pubDateStr=2024-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782200395392, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782200395392, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782200395392, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276204178091413862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='12', pageStart='2487', pageEnd='2737', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1735056000000', pubDateStr='2024-12-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782200386783, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782200456354, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276204470308565242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276204178091413862, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276204470308565243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276204178091413862, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2534, endPage=2541, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276204215869510119, articleId=1276204214200177125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Detection of Papaya PRSV Virus Using ELISA and qRT-PCR Techniques, columnId=1236256430337085821, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Omics & Biotechnology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is one of the most serious diseases in papaya production, with high incidence rate, rapid transmission and serious harm. To detect papaya plants infected with PRSV in a timely manner, this study established methods for detecting papaya plants infected with PRSV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The two methods were used to detect the PRSV content of multiple transgenic and non transgenic papaya plants, and the results were compared. The results showed that the standard curve established using PRSV peptide antigen as the standard and antibodies prepared from it had good fitting, and could be used for ELISA detection of PRSV; The reference gene Cpa03g018830 selected in qRT-PCR method was stably expressed at different growth stages of papaya and could be used as a reference gene for PRSV content determination; The detection results of PRSV content in multiple transgenic and non transgenic papaya plants using ELISA and qRT-PCR methods were basically consistent, indicating that both methods can be used for the detection of PRSV content in papaya plants. By using thee two detection methods, papaya plants infected with PRSV can be detected and eradicated in a timely manner, effectively preventing and controlling the spread of PRSV.

, authors=null, authorsList=Xiuju XIE, Qiyu XIA, Shanshan HUO, Xiaoxi DU, Xianjun MAI, Yuliang ZHANG, Anping GUO, Feng LI, Xiangyi KONG, Hui ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiangyi KONG, Hui ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276204218126045685, articleId=1276204214200177125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=利用ELISA与qRT-PCR技术检测番木瓜PRSV病毒的方法研究, columnId=1236256430517440904, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=组学与生物技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus, PRSV)是番木瓜生产上最严重的病害之一,其发病率高,传播快,危害重。为及时发现感染PRSV的番木瓜植株,本研究建立了分别利用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)技术和荧光定量逆转录PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测番木瓜植株感染PRSV的方法,利用这2种方法检测多株转基因番木瓜与非转基因番木瓜的PRSV含量,并对结果进行比较分析。结果表明:利用PRSV多肽抗原作为标准品制备的抗体建立的标准曲线拟合度较好,可用于ELISA法检测PRSV;qRT-PCR法中选择的内参基因Cpa03g018830在番木瓜的不同生长阶段均稳定表达,可作为PRSV含量测定的内参基因;ELISA法和qRT-PCR法对多株转基因和非转基因番木瓜植株中PRSV含量的检测结果基本一致,表明这2种方法均可用于番木瓜植株中PRSV含量的检测。利用这2种检测手段,可及时发现并铲除感染了PRSV的番木瓜植株,有效预防与控制PRSV传播。

, authors=

* 同等贡献作者

谢秀菊(1996—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:果蔬遗传转化育种

夏启玉(1983—),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:作物遗传育种。

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** 赵辉(ZHAO Hui),E-mail:
孔祥义(KONG Xiangyi):E-mail:
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ArticleFig(id=1276204238585860679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276204214200177125, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Absorbance value of PRSV standard

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样本SampleOD值OD value标准品浓度Standard concentration/(ng·mL-1)
S12.7623500.000
S22.3603250.000
S31.9600125.000
S41.335662.500
S50.701031.200
S60.590615.600
S70.46337.800
S80.36033.900
S90.31331.950
S100.30170.975
S110.29000.488
S120.28370.244
CK0.23100.000
), ArticleFig(id=1276204238824936008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276204214200177125, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PRSV标准品的吸光值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样本SampleOD值OD value标准品浓度Standard concentration/(ng·mL-1)
S12.7623500.000
S22.3603250.000
S31.9600125.000
S41.335662.500
S50.701031.200
S60.590615.600
S70.46337.800
S80.36033.900
S90.31331.950
S100.30170.975
S110.29000.488
S120.28370.244
CK0.23100.000
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利用ELISA与qRT-PCR技术检测番木瓜PRSV病毒的方法研究
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谢秀菊 1 , 夏启玉 1 , 霍姗姗 1 , 杜晓希 1 , 麦贤俊 2 , 张雨良 1 , 郭安平 1 , 李峰 3 , 孔祥义 2, ** , 赵辉 1, **
热带作物学报 | 组学与生物技术 2024,45(12): 2534-2541
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热带作物学报 |组学与生物技术 2024 , 45 (12) : 2534 -2541
利用ELISA与qRT-PCR技术检测番木瓜PRSV病毒的方法研究
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谢秀菊(1996—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:果蔬遗传转化育种

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谢秀菊1, 夏启玉1, 霍姗姗1, 杜晓希1, 麦贤俊2, 张雨良1, 郭安平1, 李峰3, 孔祥义2, ** , 赵辉1, **
作者信息
  • 1.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院/中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室,海南三亚 572024
  • 2.三亚市热带农业科学院,海南三亚 572022
  • 3.山东舜丰生物科技有限公司,山东济南 250300
通讯作者:
** 赵辉(ZHAO Hui),E-mail:
孔祥义(KONG Xiangyi):E-mail:
Detection of Papaya PRSV Virus Using ELISA and qRT-PCR Techniques
Xiuju XIE1, Qiyu XIA1, Shanshan HUO1, Xiaoxi DU1, Xianjun MAI2, Yuliang ZHANG1, Anping GUO1, Feng LI3, Xiangyi KONG2, ** , Hui ZHAO1, **
Affiliations
  • 1.Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China
  • 2.Sanya Academy of Tropical Agriculture, Sanya, Hainan 572022, China
  • 3.Bellagen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong 250300, China
出版时间: 2024-12-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.12.005
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番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus, PRSV)是番木瓜生产上最严重的病害之一,其发病率高,传播快,危害重。为及时发现感染PRSV的番木瓜植株,本研究建立了分别利用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)技术和荧光定量逆转录PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测番木瓜植株感染PRSV的方法,利用这2种方法检测多株转基因番木瓜与非转基因番木瓜的PRSV含量,并对结果进行比较分析。结果表明:利用PRSV多肽抗原作为标准品制备的抗体建立的标准曲线拟合度较好,可用于ELISA法检测PRSV;qRT-PCR法中选择的内参基因Cpa03g018830在番木瓜的不同生长阶段均稳定表达,可作为PRSV含量测定的内参基因;ELISA法和qRT-PCR法对多株转基因和非转基因番木瓜植株中PRSV含量的检测结果基本一致,表明这2种方法均可用于番木瓜植株中PRSV含量的检测。利用这2种检测手段,可及时发现并铲除感染了PRSV的番木瓜植株,有效预防与控制PRSV传播。

番木瓜环斑病毒  /  酶联免疫吸附  /  荧光定量逆转录PCR

Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is one of the most serious diseases in papaya production, with high incidence rate, rapid transmission and serious harm. To detect papaya plants infected with PRSV in a timely manner, this study established methods for detecting papaya plants infected with PRSV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The two methods were used to detect the PRSV content of multiple transgenic and non transgenic papaya plants, and the results were compared. The results showed that the standard curve established using PRSV peptide antigen as the standard and antibodies prepared from it had good fitting, and could be used for ELISA detection of PRSV; The reference gene Cpa03g018830 selected in qRT-PCR method was stably expressed at different growth stages of papaya and could be used as a reference gene for PRSV content determination; The detection results of PRSV content in multiple transgenic and non transgenic papaya plants using ELISA and qRT-PCR methods were basically consistent, indicating that both methods can be used for the detection of PRSV content in papaya plants. By using thee two detection methods, papaya plants infected with PRSV can be detected and eradicated in a timely manner, effectively preventing and controlling the spread of PRSV.

PRSV  /  ELISA  /  qRT-PCR
谢秀菊, 夏启玉, 霍姗姗, 杜晓希, 麦贤俊, 张雨良, 郭安平, 李峰, 孔祥义, 赵辉. 利用ELISA与qRT-PCR技术检测番木瓜PRSV病毒的方法研究. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (12) : 2534 -2541 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.12.005
Xiuju XIE, Qiyu XIA, Shanshan HUO, Xiaoxi DU, Xianjun MAI, Yuliang ZHANG, Anping GUO, Feng LI, Xiangyi KONG, Hui ZHAO. Detection of Papaya PRSV Virus Using ELISA and qRT-PCR Techniques[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (12) : 2534 -2541 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.12.005
番木瓜(Carica papaya L.)是全球热带地区的重要出口水果和消费品之一[1-2]。番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus, PRSV)是一种世界性的番木瓜病害,其发病率高,传播快,危害重,是番木瓜生产上最严重的病害之一。PRSV属于马铃薯Y病毒科(Potyviridae)Y病毒属(Potyvirus[3],按寄主范围的不同可划分为P和W两个株系,PRSV-P发生在大多数栽培番木瓜的热带、亚热带国家。PRSV-P感染的典型特征是在受感染的番木瓜果实上产生环斑症状[4]。除环斑外,PRSV还会产生一系列其他症状。如叶片出现花叶、萎黄和卷曲;叶柄和树干上部呈现水浸油性条纹;幼叶变形,有时会产生类似于螨虫损伤的皱缩症状。受PRSV感染的番木瓜植株表现出发育迟缓和花脱落等生理现象,导致产量严重下降。PRSV是通过蚜虫进行传播,在树间传播速度极快,发病的植株需及早铲除。因此,为了及时发现番木瓜植株是否受到PRSV感染,亟需一种简单、快速、灵敏的检测PRSV的方法。
酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)是一种结合抗原抗体免疫反应和酶的催化反应的方法,具有快速检测出植物RNA病毒的优点。自CLARK等[5]对ELISA检测病毒的理论方法进行了研究和报道后,ELISA技术被广泛地应用于植物病毒检测。在之前的研究中,PRSV血清学检测多以粗提病毒粒子为抗原,存在抗体制备效价低、制备繁琐等缺点[6-8],限制了PRSV病毒抗血清的应用。近些年来,研究者利用分子生物学方法在大肠杆菌中高效表达病毒的外壳蛋白,用纯化的蛋白免疫大白兔,制备专化性抗血清,为利用ELISA技术建立病毒检测体系研究奠定了基础[9]。CHEN等[10]开发了一批H7亚型特异性单克隆抗体(mAb),并建立了双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(DAS-ELISA)法测定H7蛋白的含量和检测除H7HA亚型以外的甲型流感病毒,显示出极好的灵敏度和高特异性。MARTINEZ VIEDMA等[11]使用虫媒病毒特异性肽对收集的339个样本进行血清学分析,发现基于多肽的多重ELISA在感染病毒后2周就可以高效识别寨卡病毒(ZIKV)抗体。
荧光定量逆转录PCR(qRT-PCR)因其快速、灵敏度高和特异性强等优点,广泛地应用于动物病毒和植物病毒检测[12-13]。即使在中等质量的DNA情况下,如从石蜡或福尔马林固定组织中提取的DNA,荧光定量PCR也可以有效地用于病毒检测[14-15]。qRT-PCR常用的2种方法有TaqMan探针法和SYBR Green I染料法,其中SYBR Green I染料法因其引物设计简单、检测成本低而被广泛使用[16]。许多研究表明,qRT-PCR在量化病毒DNA方面是准确有效的,HARJU等[17]开发了qRT-PCR(TaqMan)测定法,用于甜菜坏死黄脉病毒(BNYVV)的特异性检测,发现TaqMan的灵敏度是常规RT-PCR测定的10 000倍。CHENG等[18]开发了基于SYBR Green I的实时PCR检测方法,用于正痘病毒的检测和定量,该方法具有很高的重现性和可靠性,检测速度更快且具有更高的灵敏度。COERTSE等[19]研究发现,与TaqMan探针法相比,SYBR Green I检测的灵敏度大于95%,表明染料法在病毒检测中同样具有较高的灵敏度。
以往的研究中,病毒抗体的制备步骤繁琐,而本研究采用多肽抗原制备PRSV的多克隆抗体,建立了简单易行的ELISA检测番木瓜植株中PRSV病毒含量的方法;并以番木瓜单拷贝基因为内参基因,首次建立了qRT-PCR检测番木瓜植株PRSV病毒含量的方法,并对2种检测方法得到的番木瓜植株中PRSV的含量进行比较。
转基因番木瓜与非转基因番木瓜均来自中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院。转基因番木瓜共18株,包括1株转入海南PRSV的CP基因的T0代番木瓜、6株转入海南PRSV的辅助成分-蛋白酶基因(HC-Pro)发夹结构的T0代番木瓜苗、8株转入海南PRSV的复制酶基因(Nib)发夹结构的T0代番木瓜苗、3株转入海南PRSV的CP基因全长的T1代番木瓜;非转基因番木瓜共6株;非转基因且无PRSV症状的番木瓜组培脱毒苗1株。
植物RNA提取试剂盒购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司;反转录试剂盒购自宝生物工程(大连)有限公司;2×Q3 SYBR qPCR Master Mix购自吐露港生物科技有限公司;PCR平盖八排管购自甄选(Labselect)公司;脱脂奶粉购自国赛生物技术有限公司,96孔酶联板购自康宁公司;TMB双组分显色试剂盒和Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG/HRP购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司。引物均由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成。
(1)PRSV的多克隆抗体制备。制备多克隆抗体的抗原肽的氨基酸序列为:DQVPPPTKSVHHEGC,使用的载体为血蓝蛋白载体KLH,由南京金斯瑞生物科技股份有限公司合成抗原及抗体。
(2)标准曲线绘制。以合成的抗原PRSV-1(93.4% pure)为标准品进行梯度稀释,绘制吸光度与浓度的标准曲线。首先将标准品配制成1000 ng/mL的母液,准备13只1.5 mL的离心管,编号为S1~S12、CK(对照),分别加入400 μL coating buffer稀释液;吸取400 μL母液至S1管,进行2倍稀释,吹打10次,混匀,涡旋振荡5 s,从S1管中吸取400 μL液体至S2管,吹打混匀,继续以上步骤,进行2倍梯度稀释直至稀释到S12。将配置好的梯度稀释液进行间接法ELISA实验,加入显色液30 min后测定吸光度,绘制标准曲线。
(3)番木瓜植株的PRSV含量测定。在常年发病(PRSV)的番木瓜果园中选择不同生长阶段的番木瓜植株样品共24株,包括18株转基因番木瓜(编号为:CP-1-3、H-1-6、H-1-10、H-1-22、H-2-15、H-3-4、Hc-n-35、N-1-8、N-2-21、N-2-31、N-n-17、N-n-20、N-n-23、N-n-24、N-n-26、YK-1-9、YK-2-11、YK-2-13)和6株非转基因番木瓜(编号为:F-5、F-16、F-25、F-28、F-30、F-50)。每株均在生长期为11、13、14、18、19、21个月时采集叶片(编号为:11M、13M、14M、18M、19M、21M),每个样品取0.3 g,其中,取0.15 g用于ELISA实验,剩余样品放–80 ℃保存。另取1株非转基因且无PRSV症状的番木瓜组培脱毒苗的叶片作为阴性对照,以稀释100倍的抗原作为阳性对照。所有样品进行间接ELISA实验,测定吸光度。若样品OD值/阴性对照OD值≥2.0,则将该植株判定为PRSV阳性;若样品OD值/阴性对照OD值<2.0,则将该植株判定为PRSV阴性[20]。将判定为阳性的样品代入标准曲线中,计算出PRSV含量,并将不同时期样本PRSV含量的数据绘制成热图。
(1)RNA提取和反转录。取1.2.1(3)中的24株番木瓜剩余的叶片提取RNA。另采集1株番木瓜组培脱毒苗的叶片0.15 g,提取RNA。以获得的RNA为模板,使用反转录试剂盒进行反转录得到cDNA模板,–80 ℃保存待用。
(2)引物设计及验证。通过DNAMAN软件对比39株来源于海南不同地区不同PRSV株系的NIb序列[21],选取其保守序列,使用生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司官网引物设计工具进行qRT-PCR引物设计(NIb-F: 5'-AGTGGTCAGCCTTCGACAGT-3', NIb-R:5'-CCTTCGTGTCGTAACCAGCC-3')。以番木瓜Cpa03g018830基因为内参基因(830-F: 5'-TTCGAACGAGTCTGCAGTGG-3', 830-R: 5'-ACCACCTGAACCCAGGCTAA- 3'),并对其表达量进行稳定性检测。随机选择3份感染PRSV的番木瓜的cDNA为模板,进行荧光定量PCR实验,验证内参基因Cpa03g018830和目的基因NIb引物的有效性。反应体系为:2×Q3 SYBR qPCR Master Mix 10 μL,引物(10 μmol/L)各0.4 μL,cDNA模板1 μL,加无菌水至20 μL。扩增程序为:95 ℃预变性30 s;95 ℃ 10 s,58 ℃ 30 s,40个循环;融解曲线为95 ℃ 15 s,60 ℃ 60 s,95 ℃ 15 s。反应结束后,通过扩增曲线及熔解曲线判定引物是否有效。
(3)内参基因表达的稳定性检测。采用荧光定量PCR对不同生长阶段番木瓜叶片Cpa03g-018830基因的表达量进行稳定性测定,以CT值的波动情况评价其是否能应用于本研究的内参基因。荧光定量PCR反应体系和程序同1.2.2(2)。
(4)番木瓜植株的PRSV含量测定。以番木瓜组培脱毒苗为参照,使用qRT-PCR测定24个转基因番木瓜和非转基因番木瓜的不同生长阶段样品中的PRSV含量。以CPa03g018830为内参基因,以PRSV的NIb基因为目的基因,进行qRT-PCR扩增,每个样品3次重复,反应体系及扩增程序同1.2.2(2)。得出每个样品的CT值后,利用2–ΔΔCT法进行相对定量分析,计算每个样品PRSV的相对含量,并将不同时期样品的数据绘制成热图。并与ELISA法测定的PRSV含量进行比较分析。
依据ELISA实验的标准品的吸光度与浓度的结果(表1)绘制出标准曲线(图1),标准曲线公式为y=30.211x4 - 100.99x3 + 109.26x2 + 17.56x - 12.125 (R2=0.9998)。此公式R2值大于0.99,表明线性公式拟合较好,可用于后续实验样品的PRSV含量计算。
各个时期转基因植株与非转基因植株样品的PRSV的含量如图2所示,非转基因番木瓜在11个月的时候就能检测到少量的PRSV,在14个月的时候,非转基因番木瓜的病毒含量达到较高的水平,随后,PRSV含量持续升高。大部分转基因植株感染前期只能检测到少量的PRSV,随着感染时间的推移,病毒含量也开始升高,在18个月的时候病毒含量达到较高的水平,部分植株的PRSV含量仍然在较低的水平,个别植株的病毒含量在后期反而降低。
随机选择3份感染PRSV的番木瓜叶片样品对引物进行验证,结果(图3)表明,利用内参基因Cpa03g018830和目的基因NIb的引物扩增后,均有明显的扩增曲线,且熔解曲线均具有唯一的吸收峰,因此这2对引物可用于qRT-PCR法检测番木瓜的PRSV含量。
qRT-PCR分析中的定量循环值(CT)反映目的基因的表达量,CT值越低,目的基因的表达量越高。对不同阶段的番木瓜叶片Cpa03g018830基因的qRT-PCR结果分析发现,番木瓜植株各生长期该基因的CT值在23.37~23.72之间(图4)。这表明各生长期的番木瓜植株Cpa03g018830基因的表达量较稳定。为了进一步综合评估Cpa03g-018830基因在番木瓜不同生长时期的稳定性,将荧光定量实验得到的CT值进行校正,综合geNorm进一步分析数据。geNorm分析原理是将候选内参基因的CT值转换成相对表达量(M),M值较小时,表示基因的稳定程度较高,如果M>1.5,则表示此基因并不适宜用作内参基因[22]Cpa03g018830基因的geNorm分析如图5所示,各生长期Cpa03g018830基因的M值都在1.5以下,说明Cpa03g018830基因在番木瓜的不同生长阶段均稳定表达,因此可作为PRSV含量测定的内参基因。
各个生长时期的转基因植株与非转基因植株对照样本中PRSV的积累量如图6所示,6棵非转基因番木瓜植株中,随着时间的推移,PRSV含量逐渐升高,在18个月的时候,病毒含量均急剧升高至较高的水平;转基因番木瓜植株中,在受到PRSV侵染前期,大部分转基因番木瓜植株的PRSV含量都较低,随着病毒侵染时间的推移,大部分转基因植株中的PRSV含量都开始上升,但一些植株的PRSV含量仍在较低的水平,少数植株中的PRSV含量上升至较高的水平后又逐渐减低。
PRSV作为一种世界性的番木瓜病毒,番木瓜被其侵染后无法得到有效防治,严重影响番木瓜的产量与品质。因此,PRSV感染番木瓜后的早期检测至关重要,一旦发现感染植株,应立即将其连根拔除并销毁,可有效延缓PRSV的传播速度,降低发病率。
常用的检测病毒的方法有qRT-PCR法和ELISA法。BRUISSO等[23]开发了多重TaqMan的qRT-PCR分析方法,用于检测9种不同的病毒,并与ELISA法进行比较,发现大部分情况下,2种实验方法可获得相同的结果,但在某些情况下,仅可通过2种技术之一检测到病毒。TORRE等[24]基于TaqMan技术建立了qRT-PCR方法,用来检测3种在葫芦中传播的种子病毒,并将这些检测方法与DAS(双抗夹心)-ELISA进行了比较,其灵敏度分别是DAS-ELISA法测定的南瓜花叶病毒(SqMV)和黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(CGMMV)的1000倍和10 000倍,说明qRT-PCR分析方法较DAS-ELISA灵敏度更高。然而,RNA检测具有许多局限性,如时间久、成本高昂,且必须在专门的实验室中进行。XIANG等[25]通过酶ELISA和金免疫层析测定(GICA)对血液进行SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM检测,在候选血液指标中,与标准的RNA检测相比,通过ELISA检测的血清IgG和IgM具有最佳的一致性和有效性,表明该方法可用于初步的病毒筛选,以满足没有RNA检测能力的实验室的检测需求,或作为RNA检测的补充。
随着现代生物技术的发展,抗体制备技术不断完善。为了建立更好的番木瓜植株中的PRSV检测方法,本研究以直接合成的多肽抗原制备PRSV的多克隆抗体,建立了ELISA检测PRSV病毒的方法,无需病毒的提取制备或原核表达等繁琐的步骤,极大地简化了抗体制备的步骤,缩短了实验时间。此外,本研究以番木瓜中稳定表达的基因Cpa03g018830为内参基因,首次建立了番木瓜植株中PRSV含量的qRT-PCR的相对定量检测方法,该方法无需制备PRSV的标准品及建立标准曲线,操作简单,经济实用,适合大批量的样品检测。
采用以上2种方法对24株转基因番木瓜及非转基因番木瓜的不同生长阶段的样品进行了PRSV病毒的检测,并对检测得到的PRSV的含量进行比较。结果发现,相同的样品用2种方法测定的病毒含量大部分都较为一致,少数结果不一致的可能为样品采样误差导致。从整体变化趋势可以看出,非转基因番木瓜从开始感染PRSV到发病,PRSV含量持续升高,一旦病毒侵袭,则毫无抵抗能力,直至减产死亡。而大部分转基因番木瓜株系则表现出对PRSV较好的抗性,即使初期受到病毒侵袭,PRSV含量开始上升,但随着small RNA的基因沉默开始发挥作用,病毒含量又开始降低。然而,部分转基因番木瓜株系在感染PRSV后含量持续增加,可能是由于插入位点干扰了番木瓜代谢过程,从而影响RNAi对抗病毒的作用;或者是由于不同株系在田间自然发病时期存在差异,导致small RNA尚未开始发挥抗病作用。
综上所述,本研究建立的检测PRSV的ELISA法与qRT-PCR法可以共同使用,提高番木瓜植株早期感染PRSV的检出率,可为PRSV的实验室诊断、含量测定提供支持,提高检测效率,减少工作量。
  • 三亚市科技创新专项(2022KJCX21)
  • 海南省院士创新平台项目
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2024年第45卷第12期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.12.005
  • 接收时间:2024-05-10
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2024-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-10
  • 修回日期:2024-07-10
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三亚市科技创新专项(2022KJCX21)
海南省院士创新平台项目
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    1.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院/中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室,海南三亚 572024
    2.三亚市热带农业科学院,海南三亚 572022
    3.山东舜丰生物科技有限公司,山东济南 250300

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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