Article(id=1276598236869685279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276597973173801322, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.021, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1652112000000, receivedDateStr=2022-05-10, revisedDate=1670601600000, revisedDateStr=2022-12-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782294337717, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782294337717, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782294337717, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782294337717, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276597973173801322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='7', pageStart='1303', pageEnd='1520', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1721836800000', pubDateStr='2024-07-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782294274847, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782294274847, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1489, endPage=1497, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276598237205229602, articleId=1276598236869685279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Differences in Inter-root Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Different Locations of Aquilaria sinensis, columnId=1236292524264968282, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Protection & Bio-safety, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To elucidate the differences in inter-root bacterial communities of Aquilaria sinensis, and to explore the correlation with soil physicochemical properties, we used the high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics-related tools to analyze the composition and multi-characteristics of the inter-root soil bacterial community of A. sinensis. In three cultivation sites in Hainan province (Wenshan village, Haikou city, Dongguang farm, Lingao, and Baolun farm, Ledong), and combined with redundancy analysis to correlate the inter-root soil physicochemical proper-ties with the bacterial community. The results showed that a total of 7 944 402 sequences belonging to 51 phyla,151 orders, 380 families, 637 families, 1296 genera and 2649 species were obtained among the sites; the variability of bacterial community and diversity of A. sinensis in the sample sites was not significant, and there were significant differences among the sample sites. The richness and diversity of inter-root soil bacteria in the sites were as follows: LDJX>LDWJ>LGWJ>LGJX>WSWJ>WSJX. In terms of community structure, the Ledong sample site differed significantly from the Wenshan and Lingao sample sites in terms of community structure.at the phylum level, the dominant bacterial phyla in Ledong were Planctomycetota, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobiota; the dominant populations in Wenshan and Lingao were Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the dominant genera in Wenshan and Lingao were Bacteroides, uncultured_bacterium_f Muribaculaceae, and Faecalibacterium; the dominant genera in Ledong were the unidentified genus (g_uncultured_f__Gemmataceae) genus, Candidatus_Udaeobacter, and Bacteroides. The RDA analysis revealed that the inter-rhizosphere soil bacterial community of A. sinensis was affected by soil physicochemical factors with some differences among different sites. Total phosphorus was significantly and negatively correlated with bacterial population differences and diversity, and pH was significantly and positively correlated with bacterial population differences and diversity. The results are valuable for studying the interactions of inter-root microorganisms of A. sinensis, and have certain guiding significance for the development of Hainan incense industry.

, authors=null, authorsList=Si LI, Shitao XU, Deli WANG, Mengzhen ZHANG, Huiting LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shitao XU, Deli WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276598238367051820, articleId=1276598236869685279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落结构差异与土壤理化性质相关性研究, columnId=1236292524520820846, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=植物保护与生物安全, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为阐明白木香结香前后根际细菌群落差异,并探讨与土壤理化性质的相关性。本研究采用高通量测序技术和生物信息学相关手段,对海南省3个种植地(海口市文山村、临高东光农场、乐东抱伦农场)白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落组成和多特征进行分析,并结合冗余分析对根际土壤理化性质与细菌群落进行相关性分析。结果表明:3个样地间共获得7 944 402条序列,隶属于51个门,151个纲,380个目,637个科,1296个属,2649个种;样地内结香前后细菌群落和多样性差异性不大,样地间存在显著差异。3个样地根际土壤细菌丰富度和多样性上均呈现为:LDJX>LDWJ>LGWJ>LGJX>WSWJ>WSJX。在群落结构上,乐东样地与文山和临高样地群落结构存在显著差异。在门水平上,乐东样地的优势细菌门为浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota);文山和临高样地的菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。在属水平上,文山和临高的优势属为拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、uncultured_bacterium_f Muribaculaceae、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium);乐东优势属为未确定属(g_uncultured_f__Gemmataceae)、Candidatus_Udaeobacter和拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)。对RDA分析发现,不同样地间白木香根际土壤细菌群落受土壤理化因子的影响具有一定差异。全磷与细菌种群差异和多样性呈显著负相关,pH与细菌种群差异和多样性呈显著正相关。该研究结果对白木香根际微生物互作关系研究具有参考价值,对海南沉香产业发展具有指导意义。

, authors=

李思(1998—),女,硕士,研究方向:热带园艺植物资源开发与利用。

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* 徐诗涛(XU Shitao),E-mail:
王德立(WANG Deli),E-mail:
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caption=不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落PCoA分析, figureFileSmall=0UswIjpxzSSd7ldNm3fEOA==, figureFileBig=MwQFK07svpJ2TW+7Jv9J3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598474925802461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Redundancy analysis of rhizosphere soil bacteria taxonomic communities and soil phylum taxa l and chemical indexes of A. sinensis at different locations, figureFileSmall=61xQM5o6ouIvdhuF+C3blg==, figureFileBig=AOmcpBzpAbvIkBXFVlOUAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598474988717022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌门分类群落与土壤理化指标的冗余分析, figureFileSmall=61xQM5o6ouIvdhuF+C3blg==, figureFileBig=AOmcpBzpAbvIkBXFVlOUAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598475055825887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Sampling plot and sample information

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
取样地Sampling site样品代号Sample code经纬度Longitude/latitude海拔Altitude/m土壤类型Soil pattern
乐东LD18.62°N,109.05°E209粘土壤
文山WS19.75°N,110.33°E15赤红壤
临高LG19.80°N,109.58°E98赤红壤
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475122934752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

取样地点和样品信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
取样地Sampling site样品代号Sample code经纬度Longitude/latitude海拔Altitude/m土壤类型Soil pattern
乐东LD18.62°N,109.05°E209粘土壤
文山WS19.75°N,110.33°E15赤红壤
临高LG19.80°N,109.58°E98赤红壤
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475185849313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Basic physicochemical properties of inter-root soil in different locations of A. sinensis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品代号Sample codepH有机质NOM/(g·kg–1)全氮TN/(g·kg–1)全磷TP/(g·kg–1)有效氮AN/(mg·kg–1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg–1)速效钾AK/(mg·kg–1)
LDJX5.48±0.74a18.30±1.79b0.49±0.009c0.64±0.08c46.28±3.37b0.72±00.1c138.74±4.31b
LDWJ5.13±0.21ab23.30±4.45b0.48±0.002c0.72±0.06c48.61±0.67b0.84±0.13c90.26±3.00bc
WSJX4.33±0.15bcd25.80±5.04b0.45±0.006d2.83±0.26b40.83±2.33c0.89±0.08c132.87±21.17b
WSWJ4.12±0.23d13.70±1.05b0.42±0.007e3.95±0.37a20.61±1.78d0.08±0.01d120.19±10.48b
LGJX4.85±0.12abc47.00±9.68a0.76±0.009b0.85±0.19c67.67±1.17a8.49±0.34a64.87±4.30c
LGWJ4.21±0.36cd55.17±15.77a0.82±0.0059a0.73±0.05c68.06±5.26a7.62±0.23a174.10±32.15a
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475248763874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤基本理化性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品代号Sample codepH有机质NOM/(g·kg–1)全氮TN/(g·kg–1)全磷TP/(g·kg–1)有效氮AN/(mg·kg–1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg–1)速效钾AK/(mg·kg–1)
LDJX5.48±0.74a18.30±1.79b0.49±0.009c0.64±0.08c46.28±3.37b0.72±00.1c138.74±4.31b
LDWJ5.13±0.21ab23.30±4.45b0.48±0.002c0.72±0.06c48.61±0.67b0.84±0.13c90.26±3.00bc
WSJX4.33±0.15bcd25.80±5.04b0.45±0.006d2.83±0.26b40.83±2.33c0.89±0.08c132.87±21.17b
WSWJ4.12±0.23d13.70±1.05b0.42±0.007e3.95±0.37a20.61±1.78d0.08±0.01d120.19±10.48b
LGJX4.85±0.12abc47.00±9.68a0.76±0.009b0.85±0.19c67.67±1.17a8.49±0.34a64.87±4.30c
LGWJ4.21±0.36cd55.17±15.77a0.82±0.0059a0.73±0.05c68.06±5.26a7.62±0.23a174.10±32.15a
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475311678435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Analysis of Alpha diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial in different planting areas of A. sinensis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品代号Sample codes物种丰富度OTUsChaol指数Chaol indexSimpson指数Simpson indexShannnon指数Shannnon indexPD指数PD_whole_tree
LDJX80299918.0000.99911.832323.428
LDWJ69308958.0000.99811.584314.344
WSJX819776.0000.9496.20853.105
WSWJ856847.3330.9496.08139.794
LGJX892798.6670.9767.23648.764
LGWJ1174903.3330.9777.36145.931
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475374592996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌Alpha多样性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品代号Sample codes物种丰富度OTUsChaol指数Chaol indexSimpson指数Simpson indexShannnon指数Shannnon indexPD指数PD_whole_tree
LDJX80299918.0000.99911.832323.428
LDWJ69308958.0000.99811.584314.344
WSJX819776.0000.9496.20853.105
WSWJ856847.3330.9496.08139.794
LGJX892798.6670.9767.23648.764
LGWJ1174903.3330.9777.36145.931
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475441701861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Correlation analysis between bacterial diversity and physicochemical properties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndicatorsShannon指数Shannon indexSimpson指数Simpson indexChao1指数Chao1indexPD指数PD_whole_tree
pH0.690**0.592**0.672**0.656**
速效钾–0.115–0.159–0.078–0.082
全磷–0.635**–0.696**–0.512*–0.492*
全氮–0.1650.177–0.354–0.380
有效氮0.1380.400–0.055–0.078
有效磷–0.2770.086–0.464–0.488*
有机质–0.2510.041–0.417–0.436
), ArticleFig(id=1276598475513005030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598236869685279, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌多样性与土壤理化性质的相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndicatorsShannon指数Shannon indexSimpson指数Simpson indexChao1指数Chao1indexPD指数PD_whole_tree
pH0.690**0.592**0.672**0.656**
速效钾–0.115–0.159–0.078–0.082
全磷–0.635**–0.696**–0.512*–0.492*
全氮–0.1650.177–0.354–0.380
有效氮0.1380.400–0.055–0.078
有效磷–0.2770.086–0.464–0.488*
有机质–0.2510.041–0.417–0.436
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不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落结构差异与土壤理化性质相关性研究
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李思 1, 2 , 徐诗涛 1, * , 王德立 2, * , 张梦真 3 , 李慧婷 1
热带作物学报 | 植物保护与生物安全 2024,45(7): 1489-1497
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热带作物学报 |植物保护与生物安全 2024 , 45 (7) : 1489 -1497
不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落结构差异与土壤理化性质相关性研究
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李思1, 2, 徐诗涛1, * , 王德立2, * , 张梦真3, 李慧婷1
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学园艺学院,海南海口 570228
  • 2.中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南海口 570311
  • 3.海南梨香缘农林科技有限公司,海南乐东 572543
通讯作者:
* 徐诗涛(XU Shitao),E-mail:
王德立(WANG Deli),E-mail:
Differences in Inter-root Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Different Locations of Aquilaria sinensis
Si LI1, 2, Shitao XU1, * , Deli WANG2, * , Mengzhen ZHANG3, Huiting LI1
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.Hainan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
  • 3.Hainan Lixiangyuan Agroforestry Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Ledong, Hainan 572543, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.021
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为阐明白木香结香前后根际细菌群落差异,并探讨与土壤理化性质的相关性。本研究采用高通量测序技术和生物信息学相关手段,对海南省3个种植地(海口市文山村、临高东光农场、乐东抱伦农场)白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落组成和多特征进行分析,并结合冗余分析对根际土壤理化性质与细菌群落进行相关性分析。结果表明:3个样地间共获得7 944 402条序列,隶属于51个门,151个纲,380个目,637个科,1296个属,2649个种;样地内结香前后细菌群落和多样性差异性不大,样地间存在显著差异。3个样地根际土壤细菌丰富度和多样性上均呈现为:LDJX>LDWJ>LGWJ>LGJX>WSWJ>WSJX。在群落结构上,乐东样地与文山和临高样地群落结构存在显著差异。在门水平上,乐东样地的优势细菌门为浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota);文山和临高样地的菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。在属水平上,文山和临高的优势属为拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、uncultured_bacterium_f Muribaculaceae、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium);乐东优势属为未确定属(g_uncultured_f__Gemmataceae)、Candidatus_Udaeobacter和拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)。对RDA分析发现,不同样地间白木香根际土壤细菌群落受土壤理化因子的影响具有一定差异。全磷与细菌种群差异和多样性呈显著负相关,pH与细菌种群差异和多样性呈显著正相关。该研究结果对白木香根际微生物互作关系研究具有参考价值,对海南沉香产业发展具有指导意义。

白木香  /  根际土壤  /  细菌多样性  /  理化性质  /  相关性

To elucidate the differences in inter-root bacterial communities of Aquilaria sinensis, and to explore the correlation with soil physicochemical properties, we used the high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics-related tools to analyze the composition and multi-characteristics of the inter-root soil bacterial community of A. sinensis. In three cultivation sites in Hainan province (Wenshan village, Haikou city, Dongguang farm, Lingao, and Baolun farm, Ledong), and combined with redundancy analysis to correlate the inter-root soil physicochemical proper-ties with the bacterial community. The results showed that a total of 7 944 402 sequences belonging to 51 phyla,151 orders, 380 families, 637 families, 1296 genera and 2649 species were obtained among the sites; the variability of bacterial community and diversity of A. sinensis in the sample sites was not significant, and there were significant differences among the sample sites. The richness and diversity of inter-root soil bacteria in the sites were as follows: LDJX>LDWJ>LGWJ>LGJX>WSWJ>WSJX. In terms of community structure, the Ledong sample site differed significantly from the Wenshan and Lingao sample sites in terms of community structure.at the phylum level, the dominant bacterial phyla in Ledong were Planctomycetota, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobiota; the dominant populations in Wenshan and Lingao were Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the dominant genera in Wenshan and Lingao were Bacteroides, uncultured_bacterium_f Muribaculaceae, and Faecalibacterium; the dominant genera in Ledong were the unidentified genus (g_uncultured_f__Gemmataceae) genus, Candidatus_Udaeobacter, and Bacteroides. The RDA analysis revealed that the inter-rhizosphere soil bacterial community of A. sinensis was affected by soil physicochemical factors with some differences among different sites. Total phosphorus was significantly and negatively correlated with bacterial population differences and diversity, and pH was significantly and positively correlated with bacterial population differences and diversity. The results are valuable for studying the interactions of inter-root microorganisms of A. sinensis, and have certain guiding significance for the development of Hainan incense industry.

Aquilaria sinensis  /  rhizosphere soil  /  bacterial diversity  /  physicochemical properties  /  correlation
李思, 徐诗涛, 王德立, 张梦真, 李慧婷. 不同样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌群落结构差异与土壤理化性质相关性研究. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (7) : 1489 -1497 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.021
Si LI, Shitao XU, Deli WANG, Mengzhen ZHANG, Huiting LI. Differences in Inter-root Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Different Locations of Aquilaria sinensis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (7) : 1489 -1497 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.021
白木香[Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Spreng.]是瑞香科(Thymelaeacaeae)沉香属(Aquilaria Lam.)植物,又名土沉香、香材、牙香树等,主要分布在广东、海南、广西、云南等地,是我国中药沉香的唯一来源[1]。白木香茎干受伤后可产生含树脂的木材即为沉香,沉香不仅经济价值非常高,还是我国濒危的药用植物,具有治疗胸腹胀疼痛、胃寒、肾虚等疾病,在现代药理中报道,沉香具有镇静、抗炎、降血糖等广泛的药理作用[2]。除药用价值以外,还具有香料价值、文化价值和收藏价值等。
近年来,国内外关于白木香微生物的研究热点主要集中在白木香内生菌的研究。黄雅丽等[3]运用T-RFLP方法比较结香和非结香的白木香内生细菌,发现白木香结香后细菌群落更为丰富,表明结香前后内生细菌多样性和优势菌群有显著差异。陈瑶[4]分析了奇楠沉香中不同结香时期心材内生真菌和内生细菌的群落结构和多样性,结果表明,不同结香时期的内生菌存在显著差异,结香中、后期物种分布更为丰富。刘娟等[5]对野生、栽培结香前后的山沉香细菌群落进行系统分析,山沉香的结香部位较非结香部位具有更明显的物种多样性,野生山沉香结香部位与其他样品细菌群落结构差距较大。有研究表明,内生菌对植物的感染、孢子的萌发、生长繁殖、代谢等需要适宜的环境,内生菌的种群结构也会受到植物所在的环境、药用植物的品种、产地和周围环境、营养物质的影响[6]。GAGNÉ等[7]认为大多数内生细菌来源于根际土壤,所以根部的内生细菌含量最高,越往植株上部数量越少。通过查阅文献发现关于沉香土壤根际微生物方面的研究较少,如NIMNOI等[8]对奇楠沉香(Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte)在不同的采样点,研究放线菌在采样点、季节多样性、群落结构的差异结果表明,在雨季采样点物种多样性会增加,表明季节环境变化可能也会使根际环境有较大差异,对白木香结香和生长造成影响。CHHIPA等[9]从马来沉香(A. malaccensis Lam.)根际土壤和茎干中分离细菌和真菌群落,并把筛选出来的优势菌群通过人工感染树木,3个月后采集样品,用气相色谱法分析样品中的沉香螺旋醇(agarospirol),结果发现分离出的31%的细菌和23%的真菌能通过人工感染方法产生沉香螺旋醇,与其他分离物相比,细菌分散泛菌(Pantoea dispersa)和真菌青霉菌属(Penicillium polonicum)的感染率最高。
关于白木香营养代谢的研究较少,王龙仁等[10]探讨了人工结香初期营养代谢变化规律,分析了结香前后白木香叶片和土壤中大量元素氮、磷、钾和微量元素含量变化,结果表明,环境因子与结香关系密切,其中土壤因子交换性钙、交换性镁与沉香特征性成分呈不同程度的负相关。马惠芳等[11]对白木香结香质量与环境因子的关系进行了研究,结果表明结香质量相关性较高的因子为pH、交换性钙和镁。王冉等[12]对我国野生土沉香的4个分布区(海南屯昌、广东陆河、广东东莞、海南临高)的土壤特性及营养进行分析,结果表明,不同分布区的同一土层土壤理化性质差异显著(P<0.05)。
通过查阅大量文献发现,对于海南白木香结香前后根际土壤微生物细菌群落结构差异和土壤理化性质之间均无相关研究。基于此,针对海南本地种植白木香结香前后根际土壤微生物和土壤特性的研究具有一定的意义。本研究采用高通量测序技术分析3个不同种植地区白木香结香前后的根际土壤细菌群落结构,旨在系统了解其细菌多样性,探讨细菌群落对白木香结香前后的生长、土壤环境因子的关系,从而为海南白木香根际微生物互作等方面的研究奠定基础。
3个白木香试验样地均采用微创结香方法,结香时间均为2020年5月,结香地点分别位于海南省海口市文山村沉香文化产业园、临高县东光农场、乐东黎族自治县抱伦农场,取样地信息详见表1
试验样品于2021年12月23日,采用“S”型采样方法,将表1所述的3个样地中分别选取18个点,其中结香和未结香分别取9个点,每9个点充分混匀后平均分为3份,共采集18份白木香根际土样品,剔除杂物,挖出根部,采集6~12 cm的侧根系,轻抖根系,收集附着在根上的土壤。立即放入低温保温盒中,过2 mm筛后于–80 ℃的超低温冰箱保存,一部分用于土壤细菌群落高通量测序分析,其余的土阴干备用,用作土壤理化性质分析。
土壤性质的测定参考鲍士旦[13]《土壤农化分析》中的测定方法,其中pH测定采用pH计(DELTA 320);有机质采用重铬酸钾容量法;全氮采用凯氏定氮法;碱解氮采用碱解扩散法;土壤全磷采用高氯酸-硫酸法;有效磷采用NaHCO3浸提-钼锑抗比色法;速效钾采用原子吸收分光光度计法。
采用CTAB法对各地区白木香结香前后根际土壤微生物组样本进行总DNA的提取,并通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA提取质量,同时采用紫外分光光度计对DNA进行定量[14]。对16S rRNA基因的V3~V4高变区片段引物(341F 5ʹ-CCTACGGGNGGCWGCAG-3ʹ)和(805R 5ʹ-GACTACHVGGGTATCTAATCC-3)进行PCR扩增。PCR反应体系:12.5 μL Phusion Hot start flex 2X Master Mix,正反引物2.5 μL,基因组总DNA 50 ng,加入ddH2O至反应体系为25 μL[15]。PCR反应条件:98 ℃ 40 s;98 ℃ 10 s;54 ℃ 30 s,35个循环;72 ℃ 10 min。每个样本3个重复,PCR扩增产物通过2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行检测。采用AMPure XT beads回收试剂盒,对纯化后的PCR产物使用Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100(Agilent,CA,USA)和Illumina(Kapa Biosciences,Woburn,MA,USA)的文库定量试剂盒进行评估,合格的文库浓度应在2 nmol/L以上。将合格的样品上机测序,根据所需测序量按相应比例混合,并经NaOH变性为单链进行上机测序;使用NovaSeq 6000测序仪进行2×150 bp的双端测序,相应试剂为NovaSeq 6000 SP Reagent Kit(500 cycles)。
使用Cutadapt(v1.9)软件对测序得到的raw reads进行过滤;使用Fqtrim软件进行引物序列的识别与去除,得到不包含引物序列的高质量Reads;通过Vsearch(v2.3.4)软件,重叠对每个样品高质量的reads进行拼接,得到的拼接序列即clean reads;基于得到的ASV(feature)特征序列和丰度表格进行Alpha多样性分析和Beta多样性分析。采用Excel、DPS、SPSS 20.0软件进行多重比较和相关性分析,利用Canoco 5软件冗余分析土壤化学指标与细菌群落的关系。
对3个不同样地的白木香结香前后根际土壤分析发现,3个采样点的土壤大量元素含量存在显著差异。由表2可知,不同种植地之间,临高样地全氮、有效氮、有效磷含量显著高于乐东和文山,且有机质含量最为丰富,为47.00(结香后)和55.17(未结香),文山取样地全磷含量最高,显著高于乐东和临高样地。同一样地内,临高样地未结香速效钾含量高于结香,文山样地结香有机质、有效氮含量高于未结香,乐东未结香中的有效磷含量高于结香。3个样地土壤均为酸性,土壤pH范围为4.12~5.48,由高到低依次为LDJX(乐东结香)>LDWJ(乐东未结香)>LGJX(临高结香)>WSJX(文山结香)>LGWJ(临高未结香)>WSWJ(文山未结香),乐东样地土壤pH最高,其次为临高、文山(表2)。
对18个土壤样本采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序后,细菌测定的有效序列条数为8 763 911条,去掉低质量的序列后得到优化序列为7 944 402条,平均长度约为252.8 bp。18个土壤的优化序列、OTU数量及多样性指示,各类样品文库的覆盖率为98%,表明白木香土样中基因序列的检出概率较高,本次测序结果能够充分反映3个样地白木香结香前后根际土壤微生物的真实情况。白木香根际土壤多样性的相关指标见表3,对Simpson指数、Chaol指数、谱系多样性(phylogenetic diversity,PD)整树指数、Shannnon指数对比发现,白木香结香前后根际土中细菌丰度由高到低依次为:LDJX>LDWJ>LGWJ>LGJX>WSWJ>WSJX;表明不同样地结香和未结香之间差异较大,乐东样地细菌丰度和多样性显著高于文山和临高。对比同一样地内,结香和未结香细菌群落之间差异较小。文山、临高样地间结香前比结香后根际土壤细菌群落的群落更为丰富,乐东样地的结香前比结香后细菌的群落更丰富。
分别对3个样地白木香结香前和结香后根际土壤的细菌群落结构特征进行分析,结果发现土壤细菌OTUs共26 097条,分属于51个门,151个纲,380个目,637个科,1296个属,2649个种。以下百分比数据表示前者为结香,后者为未结香,在门水平上,相对丰度较高的分别为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,16.11%,15.96%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota,13.28%,14.35%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,4.12%,3.92%)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota,3.35%,3.67%)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota,2.71%,3.35%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota,3.52%,2.29%)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota,2.21%,2.15%)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi,1.63%,1.44%)和脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota,0.55%,0.50%),粘球菌门(Myxococcota,0.45%,0.38%)。从图1可知,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为临高、文山的第一优势类群,丰度分别为25.27%、22.26%和24.51%、27.41%,其他优势菌门为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮游菌门(Planctomycetota)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota);乐东第一优势细菌门为浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota),为47.36%,51.81%,乐东地区其他优势菌门为绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。研究表明,不同样地间,白木香结香前后的根际细菌群落存在差异;同一样地内,白木香结香前后的根际细菌群落无显著差异。
不同白木香种植样地结香前后的根际土壤细菌属分类水平如图2所示,通过群落组成分析、物种和样本间相似性的丰度进行聚类,发现拟杆菌属(Bacteroides,3.73%,11.61%)、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium,1.98%,5.85%),uncultured_ bacterium_f Muribaculaceae(1.48%,4.63%),Candidatus_Udaeobacter(0.78%,2.70%),未确定属(g_uncultured_f__Gemmataceae,0.86%,2.64%),未确定属(g_norank_f__Lachnospiraceae,0.81%,2.34%),毛螺菌属(Lachnospira 0.75%,2.22%),罗氏菌属(Roseburia,0.57%,1.73%),巨单胞菌属(Megamonas,0.31%,1.05%),乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus,0.19%,0.92%)为白木香结香前后根际土壤中优势细菌属。不同样地间白木香结香前后根际土在细菌属分类水平中各有差异,在属分类水平上拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)为临高和文山优势细菌属,分别为22.17%、17.86%和22.57%、30.53%。g_uncultured_f__Gemmataceae属为乐东的优势细菌属丰度值为(10.40%,10.71%);其中未结香优势属的相对丰度均高于结香。
对测序结果的主坐标分析(principal coordinate analysis,PCoA)发现,文山和临高样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌结构较为相似,但乐东样地白木香结香前后根际土壤细菌结构与临高和文山样地相比差异较大,说明同个样地内结香前后差异不大(图3),但不同样地间差异显著。
表4可知,pH与Shannnon指数、Simpson指数、Chao1指数、PD指数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);全磷与Shannon指数、Simpson指数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与Chao1指数、PD指数呈显著负相关(P<0.05);有效磷与PD指数呈显著负相关。表明pH、全磷等土壤理化指标对白木香根际土壤主要细菌种群丰度和多样性的影响比较显著。
白木香种植样地土壤细菌属水平群落与土壤理化性质的冗余分析(RDA)结果排序见图4,分析结果显示,第一主轴和第二主轴对细菌相对方差的解释比例分别为93.86%和4.46%,二者共解释98.32%的方差变化。土壤理化性质与细菌群落RDA分析表明,乐东地区受土壤理化因子的影响与另外2个产地区别较大,pH对乐东细菌影响较大,pH与总氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)、有机质(OM)、有效氮(AN)呈正相关关系;与变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮游菌门(Planctomycetota)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、粘球菌门(Myxococcota)呈显著正相关;TP(全磷)对临高和文山样地土壤细菌影响较大,全磷与pH、全氮、有效氮、有效磷呈负相关,与厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)呈正相关,与变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮游菌门(Planctomycetota)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、Myxococcota呈负相关。
3个样地间白木香结香前后根际土样细菌多样性高低顺序依次为:乐东>临高>文山,这表明在根际细菌优势种群受环境影响较大,乐东样地位于海南西南部,地处热带,温度较高,降水少,湿度偏低但坡度、坡向变化较大,海拔较高;文山和临高样地位于海南北部和西北部,降雨量多,湿度大,坡度平缓。推测温度和湿度可能是影响细菌种群多样性的主要因子。其中,赵建琪等[16]对鼎湖山南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林为研究对象,采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)方法并结合土壤理化性质的监测,探究气温上升对土壤微生物群落的影响,结果表明增温显著改变了土壤微生物群落结构,使细菌相对丰度显著增加。罗达等[17]以南亚热带格木、马尾松人工纯林及二者混交林林地土壤为对象,研究结果显示旱季土壤微生物的PLFAs总量及各菌群的PLFAs量显著高于雨季。也有研究表明,海拔地形也是影响条件之一,地形对土壤理化性质的影响比较明显,海拔、气候、坡向等微地形条件对土壤质地影响较大[17]。海拔的变化会造成物种丰富度的不同及土壤性质的差异,对微生物群落产生影响[18]。而样地内结香前后细菌多样性差异不显著,表明结香处理对根际土壤细菌种群影响较小。有研究发现药用植物的有效成分是长时间的合成和积累,与生态环境密切相关,相同的药用植物因生长环境不同,其体内次生代谢物累积的过程会产生影响,进而改变次生代谢产物的成分和含量,影响药材的品质[16]。对细菌群落结构分析发现,文山和临高的土壤细菌群落结构较为接近,优势细菌门为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门,而乐东的优势菌门为浮游菌门、绿弯菌门和疣微菌门。其次,白木香根际土壤细菌占比较大的是厚壁菌门和变形菌门,相对丰度分别为32.10%和7.98%。而变形菌门和厚壁菌门为药用植物根际微生物主要类群,并且有助于药用植物质量和产量的提高[19],但变形菌门和酸酐菌门因其不同的生活方式,常被用作衡量土壤营养状况的指标[20]。而酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)细菌在酸性土壤环境中丰度较高[21-22],其原因可能由于酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)细菌是嗜酸性细菌,酸性土壤环境有利于其生理活动[23]。但在特定的土壤环境里,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)细菌和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)细菌的丰度会随着酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)细菌的丰度增多而下降[24],因此,可以解释文山与临高种植地的酸杆菌门较少。在属水平上,结香和未结香细菌的丰度存在差异,未结香细菌优势属相对丰度高于结香,可能是结香后白木香产生应激反应作用对根际土壤细菌群落产生了影响,导致结香后细菌群落丰度低于未结香。
根际土壤微生物的群落结构受多种因素的影响,如植物种类、生长阶段、健康状况,另外,土壤理化性质对微生物群落也具有重要的影响,如土壤营养状况、pH、温度等[25-26]。而理化性质是一个关键的调节因素,土壤理化性质与植物的根系发育、营养吸收[27]和根际土壤微生物群落的组成[6]有着密切的联系。通过研究白木香土壤根际微生物细菌群落的分布和多样性与环境因子之间的关系发现,全磷与pH影响最为显著,二者之间呈负相关。土壤pH是影响细菌群落分布的关键因素,与土壤细菌多样性指数和主要菌门呈显著正相关,但与厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门呈显著负相关。有研究也表明土壤微生物群落组成和土壤pH高度相关[28-29],土壤pH通过影响土壤理化性质及土壤基质组成来影响土壤细菌生物活性[30]。BARDGETT等[31]和HGBERG等[32]研究表明,细菌群落结构量会随着pH的增加而增加,与本研究结论相符;表明土壤pH也会间接影响细菌群落结构,影响养分供应,特别是根部渗出物的数量与组成。本研究中土壤全磷也是影响细菌群落多样性的一个主要因子与细菌多样性指数和主要菌门呈显著负相关;研究表明,土壤中的磷元素多以不溶或难溶复杂化合物的方式存在,只有20%能被植物吸收利用,是限制植物生长的关键元素之一[33]。土壤解磷微生物,如假单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属、曲霉属以及青霉属等,能够通过溶解或矿化过程释放土壤全磷中的有机磷和无机磷供植物吸收,同时增强土壤微生物的固氮效率,促进植物生长[33]。LIU等[34]研究发现,土壤磷含量在较老的森林土壤中是影响微生物群落结构的重要环境因子。CLEVELAND等[35]研究也表明,在热带雨林里土壤磷的含量是影响土壤微生物群落结构的主要驱动因子。由此可见,植物生长的环境、土壤的性质是影响白木香根际细菌群落的主要因素,这些因素可能通过影响白木香根际细菌群落,间接作用于白木香树体生长及沉香的形成。本研究通过根际环境差异探讨了土壤细菌多样性与土壤理化性质的关系,为全面掌握土壤微生物与沉香结香的关系,需在今后的深入开展土壤真菌、植物营养等方面的研究,以实现沉香的快速形成与品质提升。
(1)3个样地内结香前后细菌群落和多样性差异性不大,样地间存在显著差异。细菌丰富度和多样性上由高到低依次为:LDJX>LDWJ>LGWJ>LGJX>WSWJ>WSJX。
(2)在群落结构上,样地间存在显著差异。在门水平上,文山和临高土壤细菌群落结构较为接近,其优势细菌门为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门。而乐东的优势菌门为浮游菌门、绿弯菌门和疣微菌门。
(3)通过冗余分析表明,土壤理化性质对细菌群落分布具有影响,其中pH和全磷是影响细菌群落分布的主要驱动因子。全磷与厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门呈显著正相关;pH与变形菌门、浮游菌门、疣微菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、Myxococcot呈显著正相关。
(4)环境因素、地形及海拔等因素会对微生物细菌群落造成一定的影响。该研究结果将为进一步深入探讨白木香栽培营养精细管理、根际微生物互作及先进结香技术开发等方面研究奠定基础,为推动海南沉香产业的健康、持续和快速发展提供支撑。
  • 海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(321RC482)
  • 海南省重点研发计划项目(203230108018; ZDYF2022XDNY160)
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2024年第45卷第7期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.021
  • 接收时间:2022-05-10
  • 首发时间:2026-06-24
  • 出版时间:2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-10
  • 修回日期:2022-12-10
基金
海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(321RC482)
海南省重点研发计划项目(203230108018; ZDYF2022XDNY160)
作者信息
    1.海南大学园艺学院,海南海口 570228
    2.中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南海口 570311
    3.海南梨香缘农林科技有限公司,海南乐东 572543

通讯作者:

* 徐诗涛(XU Shitao),E-mail:
王德立(WANG Deli),E-mail:
参考文献
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.021
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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