Article(id=1276598112974139880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276597973173801322, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1676217600000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-13, revisedDate=1683216000000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782294308179, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782294308179, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782294308179, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782294308179, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276597973173801322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='7', pageStart='1303', pageEnd='1520', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1721836800000', pubDateStr='2024-07-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782294274847, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782294274847, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1411, endPage=1419, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276598113280324074, articleId=1276598112974139880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Effect of Intercropping Centrosema pubescens or Grona styracifolia of Litchi Orchard on the Soil Nutrients, Microbial Community Structure and Diversity, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to investigate the effects of intercropping Centrosema pubescens or Grona styracifolia on soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure and diversity in the litchi orchard, soil samples from 0 to 40 cm depth between litchi tree rows were collected under intercropping with either C. pubescens or G. styracifolia. Physicochemical factors such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH were measured. In addition, Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform was used for 16S amplicon sequencing to analyze the microbial communities in the soil under intercropping with C. pubescens or G. styracifolia in the litchi orchard. The results showed that the nutrient content in the 0-20 cm soil layer was generally higher than that in the 20-40 cm soil layer. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the C. pubescens intercropping treatment increased soil organic matter by 7.06%, total nitrogen by 8.70%, and ammonium nitrogen by 103.29%, compared to the control. In the intercropping treatment with G. styracifolia, soil ammonium nitrogen increased by 69.41%, nitrate nitrogen increased by 32.48%, available phosphorus increased by 112.78%, and available potassium increased by 9.44%, compared to the control. In the 20-40 cm soil layer, the C. pubescens intercropping treatment increased soil ammonium nitrogen by 114.58%, but decreased available potassium by 48.07%, compared to the control. In the intercropping treatment with G. styracifolia, soil nitrate nitrogen decreased by 15.07%, while available phosphorus increased by 105.43% and available potassium increased by 32.60%, compared to the control. In terms of microbial diversity, the indices in the 0-20 cm soil layer were generally higher than those in the 20-40 cm soil layer. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the ACE index and Chao1 index in the C. pubescens intercropping treatment were decreased by 7.65% and 7.68%, respectively, compared to the control. In the 20-40 cm soil layer, the ACE index and Chao1 index in the intercropping treatment with G. styracifolia were increased by 6.93% and 6.74%, respectively, compared to the control. In terms of soil microbial community structure, the dominant phyla in all soil samples were Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, while the dominant genera were Gp2, Gp13, Bryobacter, Candidatus Solibacter and Bathyarchaeia within the Acidobacteria phylum. After intercropping, the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota, Nitrospirae, Verrucomicrobia, Gp2, Gp13 and Bryobacter increased. Redundancy analysis indicated that pH, total potassium, total phosphorus, and available potassium were the main physicochemical factors affecting soil microbial community structure. In summary, the results of this study would provide a theoretical basis for intercropping with C. pubescens or G. styracifolia in litchi orchards.

, authors=null, authorsList=Bingchen YUAN, Yanru WANG, Yuting SUN, Chengzhen LI, Daogeng YU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Daogeng YU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276598115926929906, articleId=1276598112974139880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=荔枝园分别间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草对土壤养分、微生物群落结构及多样性的影响, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了探究荔枝园间作距瓣豆(Centrosema pubescens Benth.)、广东金钱草(Grona styracifolia)对土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构及多样性的影响,采集间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草不同模式下荔枝树行间0~40 cm深的土壤样本,测定土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH等理化因子,同时利用Illumina NovaSeq测序平台对荔枝园间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草模式下的土壤微生物进行16S扩增子检测。结果显示:0~20 cm土层的养分含量普遍高于20~40 cm土层;0~20 cm土层中,与CK相比,间作距瓣豆处理的土壤有机质含量提高7.06%,土壤全氮含量提高8.70%,土壤铵态氮含量提高103.29%;间作广东金钱草处理的土壤铵态氮含量提高69.41%,土壤硝态氮含量显著提高32.48%,土壤有效磷含量提高112.78%,土壤速效钾含量提高9.44%。20~40 cm土层中,与CK相比,间作距瓣豆处理的土壤铵态氮含量提高114.58%,土壤速效钾含量下降48.07%;间作广东金钱草处理的土壤硝态氮含量下降15.07%,土壤有效磷含量提高105.43%,土壤速效钾含量提高32.60%。在微生物多样性方面,0~20 cm土层的各项指数普遍高于20~40 cm土层;0~20 cm土层中,与CK相比,间作距瓣豆处理的ACE指数和Chao1指数分别降低7.65%和7.68%;20~40 cm土层,间作广东金钱草处理中的ACE指数和Chao1指数分别提升6.93%和6.74%。在土壤微生物群落结构方面,所有土层样品中主要的优势菌门均为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota);主要的优势菌属为酸杆菌门亚群Gp2、Gp13BryobacterCandidatus SolibacterBathyarchaeia等菌属;间作后明显增加泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、Gp2、Gp13、Bryobacter的相对丰度。冗余分析结果表明,pH、全钾、全磷和速效钾是影响土壤微生物菌门结构的主要理化因子。综上所述,研究结果为荔枝园间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草模式提供了理论依据。

, authors=

袁秉琛(1996—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤生态。

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* 虞道耿(YU Daogeng),E-mail:
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袁秉琛(1996—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤生态。

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袁秉琛(1996—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤生态。

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Environmental Microbiology, 2010, 12(11): 2998-3006., articleTitle=Soil bacterial diversity in the Arctic is not fundamentally different from that found in other biome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276598134927127146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=102, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=49, authorNames=PERTILE M, SOUSA R M S, MENDES L W, ANTUNES J E L, OLIVEIRA L M S, journalName=European Journal of Soil Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PERTILE M, SOUSA R M S, MENDES L W, ANTUNES J E L, OLIVEIRA L M S. Response of soil bacterial communities to the application of the herbicides imazethapyr and flumyzin[J]. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2021, 102: 103252., articleTitle=Response of soil bacterial communities to the application of the herbicides imazethapyr and flumyzin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276598135011013227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=112, issue=null, pageStart=3648, pageEnd=3657, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=50, authorNames=LUO Y, ZHOU M, ZHAO Q, WANG F, GAO J, SHENG H, AN L, journalName=Genomics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO Y, ZHOU M, ZHAO Q, WANG F, GAO J, SHENG H, AN L. Complete genome sequence of Sphingomonas sp. Cra20, a drought resistant and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria[J]. Genomics, 2020, 112: 3648-3657., articleTitle=Complete genome sequence of Sphingomonas sp. 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Effect of intercropping on soil nutrients content

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层深度Soil depth/cm处理Treatment有机质SOM/(g·kg–1)全氮TN/(g·kg–1)铵态氮NH4+-N/(mg·kg–1)硝态氮NO3-N/(mg·kg–1)全磷TP/(g·kg–1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg–1)全钾TK (g·kg–1)速效钾AP/(mg·kg–1)pH
0~20CK113.46±0.18b0.69±0.02b4.25±0.03c7.08±0.56b0.28±0.004.46±0.08b7.32±0.86b86.91±4.50a5.72±0.01
CP114.41±0.55a0.75±0.05a8.64±0.33a7.75±0.09b0.37±0.025.71±0.02b9.30±1.09b61.03±2.66b5.69±0.01
GS112.93±0.09b0.64±0.08b7.20±0.07b9.38±0.20a0.35±0.029.49±2.39a12.21±1.01a95.11±2.12a5.60±0.02
20~40CK210.80±0.23c0.57±0.05c2.88±0.68c6.57±0.59c0.21±0.104.60±0.07b7.32±1.53b45.06±2.50c5.88±0.01
CP29.85±0.63c0.58±0.06c6.18±0.22b5.28±0.67d0.22±0.033.47±0.03c9.95±1.91b23.40±0.68d5.76±0.02
GS210.05±0.12c0.55±0.04c3.58±0.48c5.58±0.56d0.26±0.029.45±0.99a10.86±1.45b59.75±1.18b5.83±0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1276598126316220976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

间作对土壤养分含量的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层深度Soil depth/cm处理Treatment有机质SOM/(g·kg–1)全氮TN/(g·kg–1)铵态氮NH4+-N/(mg·kg–1)硝态氮NO3-N/(mg·kg–1)全磷TP/(g·kg–1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg–1)全钾TK (g·kg–1)速效钾AP/(mg·kg–1)pH
0~20CK113.46±0.18b0.69±0.02b4.25±0.03c7.08±0.56b0.28±0.004.46±0.08b7.32±0.86b86.91±4.50a5.72±0.01
CP114.41±0.55a0.75±0.05a8.64±0.33a7.75±0.09b0.37±0.025.71±0.02b9.30±1.09b61.03±2.66b5.69±0.01
GS112.93±0.09b0.64±0.08b7.20±0.07b9.38±0.20a0.35±0.029.49±2.39a12.21±1.01a95.11±2.12a5.60±0.02
20~40CK210.80±0.23c0.57±0.05c2.88±0.68c6.57±0.59c0.21±0.104.60±0.07b7.32±1.53b45.06±2.50c5.88±0.01
CP29.85±0.63c0.58±0.06c6.18±0.22b5.28±0.67d0.22±0.033.47±0.03c9.95±1.91b23.40±0.68d5.76±0.02
GS210.05±0.12c0.55±0.04c3.58±0.48c5.58±0.56d0.26±0.029.45±0.99a10.86±1.45b59.75±1.18b5.83±0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1276598126404301361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Effect of intercropping on α diversity index

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层深度Soil depth/cm处理TreatmentACE指数ACE indexChao1指数Chao1 indexShannon指数Shannon indexSimpson指数Simpson index
0~20CK11803.11±44.19a1800.96±42.79a9.65±0.12a0.9969±0.00a
CP11665.22±69.09b1662.65±69.02b9.52±0.07a0.9962±0.00a
GS11809.49±37.37a1800.22±76.62a9.54±0.02a0.9962±0.00a
20~40CK21542.46±40.65c1543.00±31.23c9.04±0.15b0.9930±0.00b
CP21534.61±46.97c1529.81±46.78c8.86±0.19b0.9905±0.00c
GS21649.37±13.78b1646.93±12.5b9.01±0.02b0.9925±0.00b
), ArticleFig(id=1276598126517547570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

间作对α多样性指数的影响

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土层深度Soil depth/cm处理TreatmentACE指数ACE indexChao1指数Chao1 indexShannon指数Shannon indexSimpson指数Simpson index
0~20CK11803.11±44.19a1800.96±42.79a9.65±0.12a0.9969±0.00a
CP11665.22±69.09b1662.65±69.02b9.52±0.07a0.9962±0.00a
GS11809.49±37.37a1800.22±76.62a9.54±0.02a0.9962±0.00a
20~40CK21542.46±40.65c1543.00±31.23c9.04±0.15b0.9930±0.00b
CP21534.61±46.97c1529.81±46.78c8.86±0.19b0.9905±0.00c
GS21649.37±13.78b1646.93±12.5b9.01±0.02b0.9925±0.00b
), ArticleFig(id=1276598126588850739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Correlation analysis between soil microorganisms and soil nutrients at genus level

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
属Genus有机质SOM全氮TN铵态氮NH4+-N硝态氮NO3-N全磷TP有效磷AP全钾TK速效钾AKpH
Gp2–0.886**–0.714**–0.371–0.714**–0.771**–0.2570.261–0.829**0.600**
Gp13–0.943**–0.771**–0.314–0.771**–0.657**–0.1430.522*–0.771**0.543*
Bryobacter0.657**0.657**0.771**0.829**0.943**0.600**0.2900.886**–0.943**
Candidatus Solibacter0.600**0.543*0.0860.657**0.257–0.029–0.609**0.657**–0.429
Bathyarchaeia–0.714**–0.4290.200–0.486*–0.1430.0860.812**–0.4290.029
Nitrospira–0.771**–0.771**–0.829**–0.771**–1.000**–0.486*–0.174–0.771**0.886**
Acidothermus–0.657**–0.657**–0.771**–0.829**–0.943**–0.600**–0.290–0.886**0.943**
Acidibacter0.829**0.829**0.714**0.657**0.943**0.257–0.0290.714**–0.771**
Occallatibacter0.886**0.714**0.657**0.886**0.943**0.600**0.0290.829**–0.771**
Sphingomonas0.714**0.886**0.943**0.714**0.943**0.2570.0580.657**–0.943**
), ArticleFig(id=1276598126676931124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276598112974139880, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

属水平上土壤微生物与土壤养分之间的相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
属Genus有机质SOM全氮TN铵态氮NH4+-N硝态氮NO3-N全磷TP有效磷AP全钾TK速效钾AKpH
Gp2–0.886**–0.714**–0.371–0.714**–0.771**–0.2570.261–0.829**0.600**
Gp13–0.943**–0.771**–0.314–0.771**–0.657**–0.1430.522*–0.771**0.543*
Bryobacter0.657**0.657**0.771**0.829**0.943**0.600**0.2900.886**–0.943**
Candidatus Solibacter0.600**0.543*0.0860.657**0.257–0.029–0.609**0.657**–0.429
Bathyarchaeia–0.714**–0.4290.200–0.486*–0.1430.0860.812**–0.4290.029
Nitrospira–0.771**–0.771**–0.829**–0.771**–1.000**–0.486*–0.174–0.771**0.886**
Acidothermus–0.657**–0.657**–0.771**–0.829**–0.943**–0.600**–0.290–0.886**0.943**
Acidibacter0.829**0.829**0.714**0.657**0.943**0.257–0.0290.714**–0.771**
Occallatibacter0.886**0.714**0.657**0.886**0.943**0.600**0.0290.829**–0.771**
Sphingomonas0.714**0.886**0.943**0.714**0.943**0.2570.0580.657**–0.943**
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荔枝园分别间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草对土壤养分、微生物群落结构及多样性的影响
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袁秉琛 1, 3 , 王燕茹 2, 3 , 孙郁婷 1, 3 , 李承臻 1, 3 , 虞道耿 3, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(7): 1411-1419
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (7) : 1411 -1419
荔枝园分别间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草对土壤养分、微生物群落结构及多样性的影响
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袁秉琛1, 3, 王燕茹2, 3, 孙郁婷1, 3, 李承臻1, 3, 虞道耿3, *
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口 570228
  • 2.海南大学林学院,海南海口 570228
  • 3.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口 571101
通讯作者:
* 虞道耿(YU Daogeng),E-mail:
Effect of Intercropping Centrosema pubescens or Grona styracifolia of Litchi Orchard on the Soil Nutrients, Microbial Community Structure and Diversity
Bingchen YUAN1, 3, Yanru WANG2, 3, Yuting SUN1, 3, Chengzhen LI1, 3, Daogeng YU3, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 3.Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.014
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为了探究荔枝园间作距瓣豆(Centrosema pubescens Benth.)、广东金钱草(Grona styracifolia)对土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构及多样性的影响,采集间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草不同模式下荔枝树行间0~40 cm深的土壤样本,测定土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH等理化因子,同时利用Illumina NovaSeq测序平台对荔枝园间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草模式下的土壤微生物进行16S扩增子检测。结果显示:0~20 cm土层的养分含量普遍高于20~40 cm土层;0~20 cm土层中,与CK相比,间作距瓣豆处理的土壤有机质含量提高7.06%,土壤全氮含量提高8.70%,土壤铵态氮含量提高103.29%;间作广东金钱草处理的土壤铵态氮含量提高69.41%,土壤硝态氮含量显著提高32.48%,土壤有效磷含量提高112.78%,土壤速效钾含量提高9.44%。20~40 cm土层中,与CK相比,间作距瓣豆处理的土壤铵态氮含量提高114.58%,土壤速效钾含量下降48.07%;间作广东金钱草处理的土壤硝态氮含量下降15.07%,土壤有效磷含量提高105.43%,土壤速效钾含量提高32.60%。在微生物多样性方面,0~20 cm土层的各项指数普遍高于20~40 cm土层;0~20 cm土层中,与CK相比,间作距瓣豆处理的ACE指数和Chao1指数分别降低7.65%和7.68%;20~40 cm土层,间作广东金钱草处理中的ACE指数和Chao1指数分别提升6.93%和6.74%。在土壤微生物群落结构方面,所有土层样品中主要的优势菌门均为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota);主要的优势菌属为酸杆菌门亚群Gp2、Gp13BryobacterCandidatus SolibacterBathyarchaeia等菌属;间作后明显增加泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、Gp2、Gp13、Bryobacter的相对丰度。冗余分析结果表明,pH、全钾、全磷和速效钾是影响土壤微生物菌门结构的主要理化因子。综上所述,研究结果为荔枝园间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草模式提供了理论依据。

荔枝  /  间作  /  距瓣豆  /  广东金钱草  /  土壤养分  /  土壤微生物群落结构

In order to investigate the effects of intercropping Centrosema pubescens or Grona styracifolia on soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure and diversity in the litchi orchard, soil samples from 0 to 40 cm depth between litchi tree rows were collected under intercropping with either C. pubescens or G. styracifolia. Physicochemical factors such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH were measured. In addition, Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform was used for 16S amplicon sequencing to analyze the microbial communities in the soil under intercropping with C. pubescens or G. styracifolia in the litchi orchard. The results showed that the nutrient content in the 0-20 cm soil layer was generally higher than that in the 20-40 cm soil layer. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the C. pubescens intercropping treatment increased soil organic matter by 7.06%, total nitrogen by 8.70%, and ammonium nitrogen by 103.29%, compared to the control. In the intercropping treatment with G. styracifolia, soil ammonium nitrogen increased by 69.41%, nitrate nitrogen increased by 32.48%, available phosphorus increased by 112.78%, and available potassium increased by 9.44%, compared to the control. In the 20-40 cm soil layer, the C. pubescens intercropping treatment increased soil ammonium nitrogen by 114.58%, but decreased available potassium by 48.07%, compared to the control. In the intercropping treatment with G. styracifolia, soil nitrate nitrogen decreased by 15.07%, while available phosphorus increased by 105.43% and available potassium increased by 32.60%, compared to the control. In terms of microbial diversity, the indices in the 0-20 cm soil layer were generally higher than those in the 20-40 cm soil layer. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the ACE index and Chao1 index in the C. pubescens intercropping treatment were decreased by 7.65% and 7.68%, respectively, compared to the control. In the 20-40 cm soil layer, the ACE index and Chao1 index in the intercropping treatment with G. styracifolia were increased by 6.93% and 6.74%, respectively, compared to the control. In terms of soil microbial community structure, the dominant phyla in all soil samples were Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, while the dominant genera were Gp2, Gp13, Bryobacter, Candidatus Solibacter and Bathyarchaeia within the Acidobacteria phylum. After intercropping, the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota, Nitrospirae, Verrucomicrobia, Gp2, Gp13 and Bryobacter increased. Redundancy analysis indicated that pH, total potassium, total phosphorus, and available potassium were the main physicochemical factors affecting soil microbial community structure. In summary, the results of this study would provide a theoretical basis for intercropping with C. pubescens or G. styracifolia in litchi orchards.

litchi  /  intercropping  /  Centrosema pubescens  /  Grona styracifolia  /  soil nutrients  /  soil microbial community structure
袁秉琛, 王燕茹, 孙郁婷, 李承臻, 虞道耿. 荔枝园分别间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草对土壤养分、微生物群落结构及多样性的影响. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (7) : 1411 -1419 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.014
Bingchen YUAN, Yanru WANG, Yuting SUN, Chengzhen LI, Daogeng YU. Effect of Intercropping Centrosema pubescens or Grona styracifolia of Litchi Orchard on the Soil Nutrients, Microbial Community Structure and Diversity[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (7) : 1411 -1419 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.014
荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)是一种原产于我国的无患子科常绿乔木,其果实色泽鲜艳,味道清爽,营养价值丰富,具有很高的市场价值[1]。荔枝在成花时花量大,消耗土壤养分过多,保果难度大,严重影响花、叶正常生长[2]。距瓣豆(Centrosema pubescens Benth.),又名蝴蝶豆,为豆科、距瓣豆属缠绕性藤本植物,其茎叶柔软,生长18个月仍未木质化,叶量大,产量高,因其较耐荫蔽,是一种优质的绿肥[3]。广东金钱草(Grona styracifolia)是豆科、假地豆属植物,其地上部分具清热祛湿、利尿通淋、排石的功效[4]。胡福初等[5]和颜彩缤等[6]的研究表明,荔枝园间作豆科植物具有增加土壤肥力、提高保水性能、改善园内小气候和控制杂草生长等作用。
土壤微生物是土壤生态的关键组成部分,在改善土壤肥力以及生态系统结构方面有其特定的作用。研究特定功能的土壤微生物种群丰度是了解间作对土壤生态变化的有效手段,林下间作豆科,根瘤可以通过固氮作用,以NH4+、NO2-、NO3-等多种形态向土壤提供有效的氮源,这可以通过分析相关微生物的丰度进行评估[7]。土壤中有多种菌群与有机质的增加呈正相关,可以用作土壤健康的评价指标[8]。目前,我国关于荔枝园间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草对土壤微生物群落结构及多样性的影响尚无报道。为探讨荔枝园间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草对土壤养分和微生物群落结构的影响,本研究以荔枝单作自然生草为对照,间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草为不同处理,采用高通量测序技术对土壤微生物群落进行测序和生物信息学分析,以期为荔枝园间作距瓣豆或广东金钱草对土壤养分及微生物多样性的影响提供一定的理论依据。
试验地位于海南省儋州市中国农业科学院荔枝示范果园(109°57ʹE,19°53ʹN)。该地区属热带季风气候,年日照时数为1781 h,年平均降雨量为1823 mm,年平均气温为23.7 ℃,最高和最低温度分别为38 ℃和7 ℃。土壤为红壤土,全年无霜。
供试荔枝品种为妃子笑,于2018年定植,种植规格为4 m×5 m;间作物距瓣豆与广东金钱草均由中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所提供,于2020年定植于距荔枝树茎基部1.5 m处的荔枝行间。
试验设3个处理,荔枝分别间作距瓣豆(CP)与广东金钱草(GS),荔枝单作但不去除杂草为对照(CK),每个处理设置3次重复。
2021年12月采集土壤样品,分别在距瓣豆或广东金钱草的3个处理区进行采集,采取五点取样法,在距离荔枝树基部40 cm处的间作物生长区随机取5个点,用土钻分别采集0~20、20~40 cm土层的间作区土壤,混匀后装入无菌袋,放入装有冰袋的保温箱带回实验室,去除土壤中的杂根后,分为2部分,一部分风干后过1 mm筛,用于土壤养分分析;另一部分装入15 mL离心管,–80 ℃下保存,用于微生物多样性分析。
土壤基础养分测定方法参考《土壤农化分析方法》[9],采用重铬酸钾氧化法测定土壤有机质(SOM)含量;采用半微量凯氏定氮法测定全氮(TN);用2 mol/L KCl(1∶10,w/V)浸提土壤,采用连续流动分析仪测定铵态氮(NH4+-N)和硝态氮(NO3-N)含量;采用NaOH熔融-钼锑抗比色法测定全磷(TP);采用盐酸-氟化铵比色法测定有效磷(AP);采用NaOH熔融-火焰光度法测定全钾(TK);采用醋酸铵浸提-火焰光度法测定速效钾(AK),使用ZD-18 pH计(ZD仪器,中国台州)测土壤pH。土壤样品置于干冰中保存、运输,由深圳微科盟科技有限公司进行16S扩增子测序。
使用Qiime2对原始数据进行去噪、去嵌合处理,得到OTUs。利用QIIME2 core-diversity插件计算特征序列水平Alpha多样性指数;采用SPSS 26.0软件的独立t检验分析土壤理化因子的差异性,用R语言vegan软件包构建微生物菌门与土壤理化因子的相关性;采用SPSS 26.0软件的Spearman’s rho test分析微生物菌属和土壤理化因子的相关性。
表1可知,荔枝园林下种植2种豆科植物后,不同处理间的土壤养分含量差异显著(P<0.05)。在不同土层中,除有效磷外,0~20 cm土层的养分含量普遍高于20~40 cm土层。
0~20 cm土层中,与CK1相比,间作距瓣豆的土壤有机质含量显著提高7.06%,土壤全氮含量显著提高8.70%,土壤铵态氮含量显著提高103.29%,速效钾含量显著下降29.78%,而土壤硝态氮和有效磷含量无显著差异;间作广东金钱草的土壤铵态氮含量显著提高69.41%,土壤硝态氮含量显著提高32.48%,土壤有效磷含量显著提高112.78%,土壤全钾含量显著提高66.8%,土壤速效钾含量显著提高9.44%,而土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效钾含量和pH无显著差异(表1)。
20~40 cm土层中,与CK2相比,间作距瓣豆的土壤铵态氮含量显著提高114.58%,土壤硝态氮含量显著下降19.63%,土壤有效磷含量显著下降24.57%,土壤有速效钾含量显著下降48.07%,而土壤有机质和全氮含量无显著差异;间作广东金钱草的土壤硝态氮含量显著下降15.07%,土壤有效磷含量显著提高105.43%,土壤速效钾含量显著提高32.60%,而土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、铵态氮含量和pH无显著差异(表1)。
为了探究间作2种豆科植物对土壤微生物丰富度和多样性的影响,对土壤样品进行Alpha多样性分析。结果显示,0~20 cm土层的各项指数普遍高于20~40 cm土层。0~20 cm土层中,与CK1相比,间作距瓣豆的ACE指数和Chao1指数分别显著降低7.65%和7.68%,间作广东金钱草的各指数均无显著差异;20~40 cm土层中,与CK2相比,间作距瓣豆的Simpson指数显著下降0.25%,间作广东金钱草的ACE指数和Chao1指数分别显著提升6.93%和6.74%(表2)。
不同间作处理下土壤微生物群落结构相对丰度前十的门类群分别是酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、粘菌门(Myxococcota)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota),共8个微生物门、1个古菌门和1个真菌门(图1)。结果表明,荔枝园间作2种豆科后并未改变门水平下微生物的主要种类组成,但泉古菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门在2种间作模式下不同土层中的相对丰度均明显提高47%。0~20 cm土层中,与CK1相比,泉古菌门的相对丰度在间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草中分别增加145.6%和193.4%,拟杆菌门的相对丰度则分别增加55.1%和103.1%,疣微菌门的相对丰度则分别增加4.2%和31.3%;20~40 cm土层中,与CK2相比,泉古菌门的相对丰度在间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草中分别增加154.2%和187.2%,拟杆菌门的相对丰度则分别增加51.8%和326.6%,疣微菌门的相对丰度则分别增加9.8%和27.0%。而放线菌门、芽单胞菌门在2种间作模式下不同土层中的相对丰度均有所下降,0~20 cm土层中,与CK1相比,放线菌门的相对丰度在间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草中分别降低15.0%和28.5%,芽单胞菌门的相对丰度则分别降低11.7%和30.8%;20~40 cm土层中,与CK2相比,放线菌门的相对丰度在间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草中分别降低24.5%和22.9%,芽单胞菌门的相对丰度则分别降低20.1%和23.1%。
在0~20 cm土层中,不同处理土壤微生物群落结构相对丰度大于1%的属有10个(图2)。酸杆菌门的亚群Gp2(17.6%~20.2%)、Gp13(3.1%~3.9%)和Bryobacter(3.7%~4.5%)、Candidatus Solibacter(2.9%~3.2%)均为优势菌属,其中,与CK1相比,间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草均提高了Gp2、Gp13Bryobacter菌属的相对丰度,但降低了Candidatus Solibacter菌属的相对丰度,Gp2菌属的相对丰度分别增加4.7%和15.0%,Gp13菌属分别增加2.1%和22.1%,Bryobacter菌属分别增加5.9%和21.9%,Candidatus Solibacter菌属分别降低9.9%和4.4%;相对丰度较高的还有Bathyarchaeia、硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)、热酸菌属(Acidothermus、Acidibacter、Occallatibacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)等,间作距瓣豆提高了Acidibacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属的相对丰度;2种间作模式下Bathyarchaeia、硝化螺旋菌属、热酸菌属、Occallatibacter等菌属的相对丰度均降低。在20~40 cm土层中,不同处理下土壤微生物群落结构相对丰度大于1%的属有8个。与0~20 cm土层的结果相似,酸杆菌门的亚群Gp2(29.1%~ 31.9%)、Gp13(5.8%~6.8%)和Bryobacter(3.1%~ 3.6%)、Candidatus Solibacter(2.5%~3.0%)等均为优势菌,其中,与CK2相比,间作距瓣豆的Gp2Gp13BryobacterBathyarchaeiaAcidibacter等菌属的相对丰度分别提高了31.9%、6.7%、3.2%、3.5%、1.0%,而Candidatus Solibacter和热酸菌属的相对丰度分别下降了2.6%和1.5%;间作广东金钱草的Gp13BryobacterBathyarchaeiaAcidibacter等菌属的相对丰度分别提高了6.2%、3.6%、3.3%、1.2%,而Gp2Candidatus Solibacter和热酸菌属的相对丰度则分别降低了29.1%、2.5%和1.4%。
对土壤总微生物中相对丰度前十的门分类水平微生物进行冗余分析,以探究特定微生物与土壤理化因子的关系。结果表明,微生物群落主要是受土壤pH、全钾、全磷和速效钾的影响,其中绿弯菌门与土壤pH呈正相关;厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门、泉古菌门、粘菌门与土壤pH呈负相关;绿弯菌门与土壤全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮、速效钾含量呈负相关;酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门与土壤全磷、硝态氮含量呈正相关;放线菌门、芽单胞菌门与土壤全磷、全钾、有效磷含量呈负相关;拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门、粘菌门、泉古菌门与土壤全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮、速效钾含量呈正相关(图3
对土壤属分类水平总相对丰度前十的优势微生物进行相关性分析,以探究土壤理化因子与优势菌属之间的相关性。结果表明,Gp2、Gp13、硝化螺旋菌属、热酸菌属与土壤有机质、全氮、硝态氮、全磷、速效钾呈极显著负相关;Gp2、Gp13、硝化螺旋菌属、热酸菌属与土壤pH呈显著正相关;Bryobacter、Acidibacter、Occallatibacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属与土壤有机质、全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、全磷、速效钾含量呈显著正相关;Candidatus Solibacter与土壤有机质、全氮、硝态氮、全钾、速效钾含量呈显著正相关;Bathyarchaeia菌属与土壤全钾含量呈极显著正相关;Acidibacter、Occallatibacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属与土壤pH呈极显著负相关(表3)。
土壤有机质、氮素和磷素是衡量土壤养分的重要指标,对作物产量、品质提升起到重要作用,土壤中的有机质主要通过影响土壤pH、水分保持能力、土壤营养元素含量等土壤学特征来影响土壤质量[10],而氮素和磷素是植物体生长发育必须的基本元素。前人的大量研究表明,果园间作豆科绿肥,土壤养分能得到明显改善[11-14]。本研究表明间作对0~40 cm土层的土壤养分均有影响,随着土壤深度增加而土壤养分减弱,其中,间作距瓣豆后土壤有机质、全氮、铵态氮含量显著提高,有机质含量的提升主要分布在表层,这与王依等[15]、霍颖等[16]的研究结果相似。豆科以其与根瘤菌建立共生关系的能力而闻名,并通过固定空气中的氮来提高土壤养分,间作距瓣豆显著提高了土壤表层中的全氮和铵态氮含量,改善了土壤氮素的缺乏,说明其固氮能力较强,适宜种植在缺乏氮素的土壤中。间作广东金钱草对土壤中全钾、硝态氮、铵态氮和有效磷等养分含量均有提高,土壤中的可利用氮素和磷素明显提升,对于我国南方红壤土中磷肥的利用有一定的改善。间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草均提高了土壤养分,这与赵财等[17]、陈国栋等[18]、陈利云等[19]的研究结果一致,表明距瓣豆和广东金钱草是良好的间作绿肥植物,有待进一步开发利用。
前人的一些研究表明,果园间作可显著增加微生物群落多样性[20-22]。此外还有一些研究表明,长期的豆科间作减少了土壤微生物的数量,但不影响微生物的丰富度[23]。这些研究表明,间作对土壤微生物群落多样性的变化可能由于间作植物的种类和时间的差异而表现不同。本研究中,表层土层的各项指数均普遍高于深层土层,说明随着土壤深度的增加,微生物的数量和种类均下降。与CK相比,间作距瓣豆使表层土壤微生物物种丰富度显著降低,这说明间作距瓣豆在短期内会引起微生物丰富度的下降,这还需要进一步的观测。间作广东金钱草显著提升深层土壤的ACE指数和Chao1指数,说明广东金钱草可以有效提高土壤深层的微生物群落多样性,在提高土壤生态环境和微生物多样性方面起着重要作用。
微生物菌群相对丰度的不同是反映土壤环境变化的重要指标因子,有助于较早地反映土壤环境的变化过程[24]。泉古菌门是土壤中占主导地位的氨氧化微生物[25-27],拟杆菌门可以厌氧分解植物体,有促进有机质分解等作用[28],疣微菌门可能是植物根相关根际微生物群落的重要成员,是土壤抵御环境变化的重要微生物门类[29-30]。在本研究中,荔枝园分别间作距瓣豆与广东金钱草均显著提升了泉古菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门的相对丰度,同时显著降低了放线菌门、芽单胞菌门的相对丰度。造成这些差异的原因可能与土壤养分中氮含量的增加和植物残骸分解有关。
在属水平上,Gp2Gp13的相对丰度较高,这可能与土壤偏酸有关[31]Bryobacter菌属是一类可以降解咪唑啉酮类和氟草净除草剂的厌氧微生物[32],鞘氨醇单胞菌属被证实是一种可以抗旱、促进植物生长的根际微生物[33],本研究结果表明,间作距瓣豆显著增加了Bryobacte和鞘氨醇单胞菌属的相对丰度,说明间作距瓣豆可以有效提升土壤部分细菌的相对丰度。
相关性分析结果表明,土壤pH、全钾、全磷和速效钾是影响土壤微生物门结构的主要环境因子。绿弯菌门、Gp2、Gp13、硝化螺旋菌属、热酸菌属与土壤pH呈正相关,厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门、粘菌门与土壤pH呈负相关,因此,土壤pH为影响土壤微生物群落结构变化的主要理化因子之一。拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门、粘菌门、泉古菌门,以及Bryobacter、Acidibacter、Occallatibacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属与土壤全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、全磷、速效钾含量呈正相关,绿弯菌门与土壤全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、全磷、速效钾含量呈负相关。间作距瓣豆和广东金钱草提高了泉古菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门,以及Bryobacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属的相对丰度,说明间作可以改变土壤微生物群落结构,这些相对丰度的变化可能与间作距瓣豆或广东金钱草导致的土壤氮、磷、钾等养分含量变化有关。
间作豆科植物对土壤养分和微生物影响主要表现在0~20 cm土层,对20~40 cm土层的影响较小。距瓣豆和广东金钱草均具有良好的固氮效果,间作均提高了土壤氮含量,说明间作距瓣豆或广东金钱草可以减少氮肥的施用。此外,间作距瓣豆显著提高了有机质含量,间作广东金钱草显著提高了土壤中的全钾和有效磷等养分含量,二者均显著提升了泉古菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门的相对丰度。本研究探讨了荔枝园间作距瓣豆或广东金钱草模式对土壤养分和微生物多样性的影响,为今后的生产实践及研究提供理论依据。
  • 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所成果转移转化项目(PZS2022001)
  • 国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系项目(CARS-32-20)
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2024年第45卷第7期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.014
  • 接收时间:2023-02-13
  • 首发时间:2026-06-24
  • 出版时间:2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-13
  • 修回日期:2023-05-05
基金
中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所成果转移转化项目(PZS2022001)
国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系项目(CARS-32-20)
作者信息
    1.海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口 570228
    2.海南大学林学院,海南海口 570228
    3.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口 571101

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* 虞道耿(YU Daogeng),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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