Article(id=1276597974075572894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276597973173801322, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1690819200000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-01, revisedDate=1693843200000, revisedDateStr=2023-09-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782294275062, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782294275062, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782294275062, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782294275062, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276597973173801322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='7', pageStart='1303', pageEnd='1520', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1721836800000', pubDateStr='2024-07-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782294274847, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782294274847, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1348, endPage=1358, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276597975929455264, articleId=1276597974075572894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Heat Tolerance Indexes Screening of Different Oncidium Cultivars and Construction of the Evaluation System, columnId=1236256430060261740, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Germplasm Resources, Genetics & Breeding, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study was conducted to compare the difference of heat tolerance of different Oncidium cultivars, and to establish a system for evaluating identification indexes of Oncidium heat tolerance. Seven indexes, including the leaf thickness, leaf water content and high temperature semi-lethal temperature (HLT50), of 38 common O. hybridum cultivars were measured, and the yellow leaf rate and heat injury grade (HIG) of different cultivars were observed under high temperature stress. The evaluation indexes of heat tolerance of Oncidium were screened by analyzing the correlation among different indexes and combining with principal component analysis, to establish the evaluation system of heat resistance of Oncidium cultivars. The results showed that the leaf thickness, leaf water content, HLT50, yellow leaf rate and HIG could well reflect the response of Oncidium to high temperature stress, which could be taken as the index for evaluating Oncidium heat tolerance. The 38 cultivars could be classified into three categories: heat-tolerant cultivars (12 cultivars), moderate heat-tolerant cultivars (3 cultivars) and non-heat-tolerant cultivars (23 cultivars) by cluster analysis based on heat-tolerant index. The results of this study could provide a reference for material selection of Oncidium in hot area, and also provide parental resource for the breeding of Oncidium with high heat tolerance.

, authors=null, authorsList=Xiaoyan LUO, Yuanhua LUO, Shuangshuang YI, Chonghui LI, Yi LIAO, Zhiqun ZHANG, Bilan ZHENG, Shunjiao LU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shunjiao LU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276597976776704680, articleId=1276597974075572894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=不同文心兰品种耐热性指标筛选与评价体系构建, columnId=1236256430219645304, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=种质资源与遗传育种, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为比较不同文心兰品种耐热性差异,同时构建文心兰品种耐热性筛选的指标评价体系,本研究对38个文心兰(Oncidium hybridum)常见栽培品种的叶片厚度、叶片含水量和高温半致死温度(HLT50)等7个指标进行了测定,并在高温胁迫条件下对不同品种的黄叶率和热害等级(HIG)进行观测,通过分析不同指标间的相关性,结合主成分分析筛选文心兰耐热性评价指标,构建文心兰品种耐热性评价体系。结果表明:38个文心兰品种的耐热性存在显著差异;叶片厚度、叶片含水量、HLT50、黄叶率和HIG能较好地反映文心兰对高温胁迫的响应,可作为文心兰耐热性的评价指标。基于耐热指数进行聚类分析,可将38个文心兰品种分为耐热型品种(12个)、中等耐热型品种(3个)和不耐热型品种(23个)3个类别。本研究结果为热区文心兰选材提供参考依据,同时也为文心兰高耐热新品种的培育提供亲本资源。

, authors=

罗小燕(1980—),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:热带花卉抗逆性精准评价及遗传育种。

, authorsList=罗小燕, 罗远华, 易双双, 李崇晖, 廖易, 张志群, 郑碧兰, 陆顺教, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陆顺教, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 陆顺教(LU Shunjiao),E-mail:
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罗小燕(1980—),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:热带花卉抗逆性精准评价及遗传育种。

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罗小燕(1980—),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:热带花卉抗逆性精准评价及遗传育种。

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Heat tolerance and high semi-lethal temperature of nine Rhododendron cultivars[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2018, 33(5): 105-110, 136. 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Evaluation of heat tolerance in crop[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2004, 21(4): 411-418. 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The serial number in the figure was consistent with the serial number corresponding to the cultivars in Table 1.

, figureFileSmall=WPtkxaGj767zyGYVUeSFVQ==, figureFileBig=lhNVcc2/JW6Nzgc14RTuJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598249460990819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=图2, caption=38个文心兰栽培品种耐热指数D值柱形图

图中序号与表1中品种对应的序号一致。

, figureFileSmall=WPtkxaGj767zyGYVUeSFVQ==, figureFileBig=lhNVcc2/JW6Nzgc14RTuJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598249872032612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Dendrogram for cluster analysis of heat tolerance in 38 Oncidium cultivars, figureFileSmall=7wwiSnc9AYEoM41HNyNeeA==, figureFileBig=UBGoH/ECpDpA0faDpJ1Svg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598249951724389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=图3, caption=38个文心兰品种的耐热性聚类图, figureFileSmall=7wwiSnc9AYEoM41HNyNeeA==, figureFileBig=UBGoH/ECpDpA0faDpJ1Svg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276598250299851622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Scientific names and sources of the 38 Oncidium cultivated cultivars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.品种名Cultivar学名Scientific name材料来源Source
1糖心兰Oncidium Zelenkocidium Kukoo1
2白梦香Oncidium Twinkle (Fragrance Fantasy)1
3粉香水Oncidium Jairak Fragrance (pink)1
4小樱桃Oncidium Red M1
5紫薇Aliceara Tahitian Dancer1
6小蜜蜂Oncidium Flexuosa1
7散甘平白Gomcidumnia Kamphaengsan white1
8新骑士Oncidesa Gower Ramsey‘Sunkist’1
9水蜜桃Oncidesa Sotoanum-barbata1
10皇帝Oncidium Sweet Sugar‘Emperor’1
11火山皇后Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘Volcano Queen’1
12巧克力文心Oncidium Sharry Baby‘Sweet Fragrance’1
13天使文心Oncidium Sweet Sugar‘Angel’1
14红樱桃Oncidium Little Cherry1
15红香水Oncidium Jairak Fragrance (red)2
16红孩儿Oncidium Roseoides1
17天香Oncidium Aka Baby1
18香妃Miltonidium Issaku Nagata ‘Volcano Queen’2
19罗蔓香Oncidium Sharry Baby1
20未来之星Oncidium Pacific Nova1
21黄金3号Oncidium Gower Ramsey ‘No.3’2
22无斑香水Oncidium Jairak Frangrance1
23甜红豆Oncidium Boso Sweet1
24黄梦香Oncidium Twinkle“yellow Fantasy”2
25白雪Oncidium Tolumnia Snow Dancer2
26七彩湖Oncidesa Hwuluduen Chameleon2
27香水美人Oncidium Katrin Zoch2
28柠檬绿Gower Ramsey 'Lemon Heart'2
29芭蕾舞女Oncidium Oncsa. Goldiana‘Golden Shower’2
30春枫Burrageara Kilauea‘Hawaii’2
31蜘蛛兰Brassia Verrucos2
32白仙女Dgmra Winter Wonderland‘White Fairy’2
33黄莺Oncidium Flexuosa yellow2
34雪莲Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘White Jade’2
35蜜糖Oncidium Sweet Sugar2
36三色香水Oncidium Sharry Baby‘Tricolor’2
37黄猫Colmanara Wildcat‘Gold Ring’2
38ONM4055Oncidium Aloha Iwanaga2
), ArticleFig(id=1276598250392126311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

38个文心兰栽培品种学名及来源

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.品种名Cultivar学名Scientific name材料来源Source
1糖心兰Oncidium Zelenkocidium Kukoo1
2白梦香Oncidium Twinkle (Fragrance Fantasy)1
3粉香水Oncidium Jairak Fragrance (pink)1
4小樱桃Oncidium Red M1
5紫薇Aliceara Tahitian Dancer1
6小蜜蜂Oncidium Flexuosa1
7散甘平白Gomcidumnia Kamphaengsan white1
8新骑士Oncidesa Gower Ramsey‘Sunkist’1
9水蜜桃Oncidesa Sotoanum-barbata1
10皇帝Oncidium Sweet Sugar‘Emperor’1
11火山皇后Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘Volcano Queen’1
12巧克力文心Oncidium Sharry Baby‘Sweet Fragrance’1
13天使文心Oncidium Sweet Sugar‘Angel’1
14红樱桃Oncidium Little Cherry1
15红香水Oncidium Jairak Fragrance (red)2
16红孩儿Oncidium Roseoides1
17天香Oncidium Aka Baby1
18香妃Miltonidium Issaku Nagata ‘Volcano Queen’2
19罗蔓香Oncidium Sharry Baby1
20未来之星Oncidium Pacific Nova1
21黄金3号Oncidium Gower Ramsey ‘No.3’2
22无斑香水Oncidium Jairak Frangrance1
23甜红豆Oncidium Boso Sweet1
24黄梦香Oncidium Twinkle“yellow Fantasy”2
25白雪Oncidium Tolumnia Snow Dancer2
26七彩湖Oncidesa Hwuluduen Chameleon2
27香水美人Oncidium Katrin Zoch2
28柠檬绿Gower Ramsey 'Lemon Heart'2
29芭蕾舞女Oncidium Oncsa. Goldiana‘Golden Shower’2
30春枫Burrageara Kilauea‘Hawaii’2
31蜘蛛兰Brassia Verrucos2
32白仙女Dgmra Winter Wonderland‘White Fairy’2
33黄莺Oncidium Flexuosa yellow2
34雪莲Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘White Jade’2
35蜜糖Oncidium Sweet Sugar2
36三色香水Oncidium Sharry Baby‘Tricolor’2
37黄猫Colmanara Wildcat‘Gold Ring’2
38ONM4055Oncidium Aloha Iwanaga2
), ArticleFig(id=1276598250719282024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Statistics on indexes of 38 Oncidium cultivars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.株高Plant height/cm冠幅Crown breadth/cm假鳞茎Pseudobulb/cm3叶片面积Leaf area/cm2叶片厚度Vane thickness/cmLWC/%
125.93±1.7929.33±3.796.62±4.153.43±0.400.59±0.0684.55±1.55
218.33±1.0415.70±2.520.63±0.481.21±0.370.31±0.0579.24±0.95
332.07±3.9030.50±1.7318.79±13.56.75±0.390.48±0.0153.49±4.30
424.73±2.8716.50±3.910.96±0.612.18±0.830.56±0.0586.77±4.40
535.63±3.3932.23±8.323.90±1.043.73±1.210.39±0.0277.45±0.66
631.43±1.5037.67±6.667.57±3.565.75±1.270.52±0.0474.47±0.65
732.60±2.7526.00±6.080.71±0.212.71±0.740.88±0.0487.96±2.62
844.27±4.4635.17±5.355.03±1.646.99±0.800.73±0.1284.52±0.47
940.33±4.7343.7±1.406.96±1.895.55±0.480.46±0.0478.80±1.55
1032.00±5.2030.50±7.004.89±3.175.35±0.830.83±0.0987.59±2.68
1140.87±6.5726.40±8.788.07±5.115.32±1.260.63±0.1380.38±2.59
1246.83±4.5143.14±11.6524.55±6.7011.26±1.410.58±0.0380.05±0.18
1345.33±0.8747.67±1.016.58±0.118.40±0.120.66±0.0175.83±0.97
1440.20±3.6149.70±4.629.18±0.1913.60±0.080.64±0.0182.30±1.06
1526.70±3.5243.33±4.5116.96±1.9710.56±2.640.48±0.0262.40±1.71
1633.33±11.1436.37±7.396.90±2.617.23±0.530.53±0.0472.03±4.92
1729.47±2.1240.10±1.9710.48±2.515.75±0.790.34±0.0178.54±0.70
1842.30±6.8652.47±2.058.98±6.761.19±0.030.36±0.0279.80±1.52
1920.83±1.4432.20±6.693.32±0.530.26±0.030.26±0.0177.56±2.13
2041.27±7.9558.50±1.808.92±3.721.20±0.290.47±0.0670.23±4.46
2141.12±1.4555.63±2.8911.85±0.261.07±0.040.63±0.0284.18±0.72
2241.12±1.4555.63±2.8911.85±0.261.07±0.040.32±0.0263.54±3.50
2334.40±1.0139.33±3.6221.20±5.010.63±0.090.44±0.0380.53±1.62
2418.33±3.3327.33±4.482.12±0.370.28±0.040.34±0.0160.44±9.83
2522.50±2.6524.83±0.583.70±0.460.40±0.070.60±0.0286.72±1.94
2624.17±0.7631.00±5.897.75±1.690.53±0.060.48±0.0182.91±1.80
2729.40±4.2945.67±3.188.78±2.200.87±0.290.34±0.0178.03±0.88
2837.33±3.3334.33±2.757.36±2.970.70±0.040.61±0.0388.27±0.61
2935.93±1.9732.50±3.4619.23±3.614.79±6.600.56±0.0464.98±3.06
3040.37±7.5541.13±3.3511.45±2.570.67±0.150.44±0.0281.35±1.50
3123.67±2.2530.83±5.035.49±1.920.44±0.190.50±0.0483.17±2.67
3235.63±0.8125.17±8.695.29±2.520.62±0.210.43±0.0181.30±4.92
3318.73±3.4323.50±1.325.14±1.980.33±0.080.37±0.0371.90±4.66
3434.67±5.1133.17±4.195.38±0.990.44±0.030.60±0.0288.82±0.71
3524.00±3.0432.00±3.048.52±2.290.59±0.140.73±0.0488.74±3.71
3625.40±1.0143.67±2.757.76±1.090.91±0.230.44±0.0272.69±2.96
3749.03±7.2747.70±5.519.62±2.709.31±1.700.56±0.0376.79±4.63
3832.33±1.5336.40±3.258.98±4.367.45±0.880.48±0.0176.12±3.10
平均值32.9636.488.463.670.5178.01
CV/%25.8028.7065.1099.8027.8010.80
), ArticleFig(id=1276598250794779497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

38个文心兰常见栽培品种指标统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.株高Plant height/cm冠幅Crown breadth/cm假鳞茎Pseudobulb/cm3叶片面积Leaf area/cm2叶片厚度Vane thickness/cmLWC/%
125.93±1.7929.33±3.796.62±4.153.43±0.400.59±0.0684.55±1.55
218.33±1.0415.70±2.520.63±0.481.21±0.370.31±0.0579.24±0.95
332.07±3.9030.50±1.7318.79±13.56.75±0.390.48±0.0153.49±4.30
424.73±2.8716.50±3.910.96±0.612.18±0.830.56±0.0586.77±4.40
535.63±3.3932.23±8.323.90±1.043.73±1.210.39±0.0277.45±0.66
631.43±1.5037.67±6.667.57±3.565.75±1.270.52±0.0474.47±0.65
732.60±2.7526.00±6.080.71±0.212.71±0.740.88±0.0487.96±2.62
844.27±4.4635.17±5.355.03±1.646.99±0.800.73±0.1284.52±0.47
940.33±4.7343.7±1.406.96±1.895.55±0.480.46±0.0478.80±1.55
1032.00±5.2030.50±7.004.89±3.175.35±0.830.83±0.0987.59±2.68
1140.87±6.5726.40±8.788.07±5.115.32±1.260.63±0.1380.38±2.59
1246.83±4.5143.14±11.6524.55±6.7011.26±1.410.58±0.0380.05±0.18
1345.33±0.8747.67±1.016.58±0.118.40±0.120.66±0.0175.83±0.97
1440.20±3.6149.70±4.629.18±0.1913.60±0.080.64±0.0182.30±1.06
1526.70±3.5243.33±4.5116.96±1.9710.56±2.640.48±0.0262.40±1.71
1633.33±11.1436.37±7.396.90±2.617.23±0.530.53±0.0472.03±4.92
1729.47±2.1240.10±1.9710.48±2.515.75±0.790.34±0.0178.54±0.70
1842.30±6.8652.47±2.058.98±6.761.19±0.030.36±0.0279.80±1.52
1920.83±1.4432.20±6.693.32±0.530.26±0.030.26±0.0177.56±2.13
2041.27±7.9558.50±1.808.92±3.721.20±0.290.47±0.0670.23±4.46
2141.12±1.4555.63±2.8911.85±0.261.07±0.040.63±0.0284.18±0.72
2241.12±1.4555.63±2.8911.85±0.261.07±0.040.32±0.0263.54±3.50
2334.40±1.0139.33±3.6221.20±5.010.63±0.090.44±0.0380.53±1.62
2418.33±3.3327.33±4.482.12±0.370.28±0.040.34±0.0160.44±9.83
2522.50±2.6524.83±0.583.70±0.460.40±0.070.60±0.0286.72±1.94
2624.17±0.7631.00±5.897.75±1.690.53±0.060.48±0.0182.91±1.80
2729.40±4.2945.67±3.188.78±2.200.87±0.290.34±0.0178.03±0.88
2837.33±3.3334.33±2.757.36±2.970.70±0.040.61±0.0388.27±0.61
2935.93±1.9732.50±3.4619.23±3.614.79±6.600.56±0.0464.98±3.06
3040.37±7.5541.13±3.3511.45±2.570.67±0.150.44±0.0281.35±1.50
3123.67±2.2530.83±5.035.49±1.920.44±0.190.50±0.0483.17±2.67
3235.63±0.8125.17±8.695.29±2.520.62±0.210.43±0.0181.30±4.92
3318.73±3.4323.50±1.325.14±1.980.33±0.080.37±0.0371.90±4.66
3434.67±5.1133.17±4.195.38±0.990.44±0.030.60±0.0288.82±0.71
3524.00±3.0432.00±3.048.52±2.290.59±0.140.73±0.0488.74±3.71
3625.40±1.0143.67±2.757.76±1.090.91±0.230.44±0.0272.69±2.96
3749.03±7.2747.70±5.519.62±2.709.31±1.700.56±0.0376.79±4.63
3832.33±1.5336.40±3.258.98±4.367.45±0.880.48±0.0176.12±3.10
平均值32.9636.488.463.670.5178.01
CV/%25.8028.7065.1099.8027.8010.80
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251168072554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Heat damage grades of 38 Oncidium cultivars under heat stress conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.黄叶率Rate of yellow leaves/%HIG
2d4d6d
257.51±2.6798.15±4.67100.00±0.005
356.53±3.0097.78±4.67100.00±0.005
1444.86±2.00100.00±5.00100.00±0.005
2634.34±2.0083.91±4.00100.00±0.005
274.34±2.3390.95±5.00100.00±0.005
3348.15±2.6794.21±4.33100.00±0.005
380.00±0.0063.45±2.51100.00±0.005
545.15±2.3390.48±4.3398.41±4.674
933.55±1.6776.54±3.3387.39±4.004
1536.75±2.0077.92±3.6798.19±4.674
1636.06±2.0087.88±4.3396.97±4.674
1714.44±1.0052.22±2.6775.56±4.334
1810.37±0.6760.90±1.3396.67±3.004
1932.22±1.6773.93±3.6796.10±4.334
2035.81±2.3177.23±3.0188.85±2.354
2231.03±2.0062.97±3.3387.28±4.004
233.33±1.0217.01±2.1384.87±2.224
2425.71±1.2167.55±1.5490.75±2.124
2956.35±0.1278.95±1.2598.72±0.144
3134.17±2.0080.41±4.0094.73±4.674
3238.25±2.0070.51±3.6794.40±4.334
3638.98±1.5690.38±2.5798.76±1.984
3730.61±2.5168.19±1.2493.11±2.454
16.96±0.6717.81±1.3351.11±2.673
44.86±0.6718.74±1.3351.89±2.673
1220.70±1.0056.84±3.0067.19±3.003
610.80±1.0023.50±1.3334.12±2.002
84.93±0.6726.46±1.6743.80±1.672
1112.80±1.0033.88±1.6740.39±2.002
306.35±0.3320.81±1.3349.73±2.672
355.03±0.6719.42±1.3339.98±2.002
70.00±0.000.00±0.001.52±0.331
100.00±0.000.00±0.004.44±0.331
130.00±0.0019.15±1.0021.62±1.331
210.00±0.000.00±0.004.16±1.001
250.00±0.006.95±0.6714.81±1.331
283.89±1.009.06±1.1210.34±1.231
340.00±0.002.39±0.333.38±0.651
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251251958635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

38个文心兰栽培品种在热胁迫条件下的热害等级

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.黄叶率Rate of yellow leaves/%HIG
2d4d6d
257.51±2.6798.15±4.67100.00±0.005
356.53±3.0097.78±4.67100.00±0.005
1444.86±2.00100.00±5.00100.00±0.005
2634.34±2.0083.91±4.00100.00±0.005
274.34±2.3390.95±5.00100.00±0.005
3348.15±2.6794.21±4.33100.00±0.005
380.00±0.0063.45±2.51100.00±0.005
545.15±2.3390.48±4.3398.41±4.674
933.55±1.6776.54±3.3387.39±4.004
1536.75±2.0077.92±3.6798.19±4.674
1636.06±2.0087.88±4.3396.97±4.674
1714.44±1.0052.22±2.6775.56±4.334
1810.37±0.6760.90±1.3396.67±3.004
1932.22±1.6773.93±3.6796.10±4.334
2035.81±2.3177.23±3.0188.85±2.354
2231.03±2.0062.97±3.3387.28±4.004
233.33±1.0217.01±2.1384.87±2.224
2425.71±1.2167.55±1.5490.75±2.124
2956.35±0.1278.95±1.2598.72±0.144
3134.17±2.0080.41±4.0094.73±4.674
3238.25±2.0070.51±3.6794.40±4.334
3638.98±1.5690.38±2.5798.76±1.984
3730.61±2.5168.19±1.2493.11±2.454
16.96±0.6717.81±1.3351.11±2.673
44.86±0.6718.74±1.3351.89±2.673
1220.70±1.0056.84±3.0067.19±3.003
610.80±1.0023.50±1.3334.12±2.002
84.93±0.6726.46±1.6743.80±1.672
1112.80±1.0033.88±1.6740.39±2.002
306.35±0.3320.81±1.3349.73±2.672
355.03±0.6719.42±1.3339.98±2.002
70.00±0.000.00±0.001.52±0.331
100.00±0.000.00±0.004.44±0.331
130.00±0.0019.15±1.0021.62±1.331
210.00±0.000.00±0.004.16±1.001
250.00±0.006.95±0.6714.81±1.331
283.89±1.009.06±1.1210.34±1.231
340.00±0.002.39±0.333.38±0.651
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251327456108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Parameters of equation and high semi-lethal temperature in 38 Oncidium cultivars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.细胞伤害率方程Equation for cellular damage rateRHLT50/℃序号No.细胞伤害率方程Equation for cellular damage rateRHLT50/℃
1y=k/(1+156216.79e–0.197t)0.935**60.720y=k/(1+63449.53e–0.178t)0.923**62.1
2y=k/(1+154516.79e–0.187t)0.961**60.521y=k/(1+1112366.18e–0.217t)0.934**64.2
3y=k/(1+328075.81e–0.209t)0.939**60.822y=k/(1+153430.04e–0.194t)0.932**61.6
4y=k/(1+9779.07e–0.136t)0.942**62.623y=k/(1+166541.53e–0.181t)0.920**60.9
5y=k/(1+2931427.31e–0.255t)0.948**58.424y=k/(1+156842.91e–0.195t)0.873**61.3
6y=k/(1+22879.58e–0.152t)0.884**66.025y=k/(1+4164055.35e–0.234t)0.869**65.1
7y=k/(1+40822.96e–0.161t)0.852**65.926y=k/(1+444631.00e–0.211t)0.923**61.6
8y=k/(1+18638.79e–0.153t)0.943**64.327y=k/(1+424216.83e–0.227t)0.947**57.1
9y=k/(1+140645.81e–0.195t)0.954**60.828y=k/(1+3446948.83e–0.223t)0.854**67.5
10y=k/(1+65775.32e–0.169t)0.872**65.629y=k/(1+82867.65e–0.184t)0.917**61.5
11y=k/(1+12951.93e–0.149t)0.894**63.630y=k/(1+5773.31e–0.143t)0.886**60.6
12y=k/(1+161619.49e–0.196t)0.923**61.231y=k/(1+126753.56e–0.197t)0.883**59.6
13y=k/(1+438888.20e–0.206t)0.961**63.132y=k/(1+22092.64e–0.168t)0.933**59.5
14y=k/(1+2649813.98e–0.235t)0.961**62.933y=k/(1+21062399.61e–0.276t)0.876**61.1
15y=k/(1+36062.18e–0.176t)0.972**59.634y=k/(1+434086.89e–0.192t)0.892**67.6
16y=k/(1+2951.30e–0.138t)0.962**57.935y=k/(1+47906.19e–0.164t)0.752*65.7
17y=k/(1+2533215.49e–0.243t)0.949**60.736y=k/(1+20130.67e–0.167t)0.925**59.3
18y=k/(1+187962.92e–0.199t)0.939**61.037y=k/(1+198590.406e–0.198t)0.948**61.6
19y=k/(1+28113.35e–0.169t)0.976**60.638y=k/(1+71825.87e–0.190t)0.906**58.9
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251541365613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

38个文心兰栽培品种的Logistic方程参数及高温半致死温度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.细胞伤害率方程Equation for cellular damage rateRHLT50/℃序号No.细胞伤害率方程Equation for cellular damage rateRHLT50/℃
1y=k/(1+156216.79e–0.197t)0.935**60.720y=k/(1+63449.53e–0.178t)0.923**62.1
2y=k/(1+154516.79e–0.187t)0.961**60.521y=k/(1+1112366.18e–0.217t)0.934**64.2
3y=k/(1+328075.81e–0.209t)0.939**60.822y=k/(1+153430.04e–0.194t)0.932**61.6
4y=k/(1+9779.07e–0.136t)0.942**62.623y=k/(1+166541.53e–0.181t)0.920**60.9
5y=k/(1+2931427.31e–0.255t)0.948**58.424y=k/(1+156842.91e–0.195t)0.873**61.3
6y=k/(1+22879.58e–0.152t)0.884**66.025y=k/(1+4164055.35e–0.234t)0.869**65.1
7y=k/(1+40822.96e–0.161t)0.852**65.926y=k/(1+444631.00e–0.211t)0.923**61.6
8y=k/(1+18638.79e–0.153t)0.943**64.327y=k/(1+424216.83e–0.227t)0.947**57.1
9y=k/(1+140645.81e–0.195t)0.954**60.828y=k/(1+3446948.83e–0.223t)0.854**67.5
10y=k/(1+65775.32e–0.169t)0.872**65.629y=k/(1+82867.65e–0.184t)0.917**61.5
11y=k/(1+12951.93e–0.149t)0.894**63.630y=k/(1+5773.31e–0.143t)0.886**60.6
12y=k/(1+161619.49e–0.196t)0.923**61.231y=k/(1+126753.56e–0.197t)0.883**59.6
13y=k/(1+438888.20e–0.206t)0.961**63.132y=k/(1+22092.64e–0.168t)0.933**59.5
14y=k/(1+2649813.98e–0.235t)0.961**62.933y=k/(1+21062399.61e–0.276t)0.876**61.1
15y=k/(1+36062.18e–0.176t)0.972**59.634y=k/(1+434086.89e–0.192t)0.892**67.6
16y=k/(1+2951.30e–0.138t)0.962**57.935y=k/(1+47906.19e–0.164t)0.752*65.7
17y=k/(1+2533215.49e–0.243t)0.949**60.736y=k/(1+20130.67e–0.167t)0.925**59.3
18y=k/(1+187962.92e–0.199t)0.939**61.037y=k/(1+198590.406e–0.198t)0.948**61.6
19y=k/(1+28113.35e–0.169t)0.976**60.638y=k/(1+71825.87e–0.190t)0.906**58.9
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251612668782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Correlation matrix of every individual indicator in different Oncidium cultivars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Indicator株高Plant height冠幅Canopy假鳞茎Pseudobulb叶片面积Leaf area叶片厚度Vane thicknessLWCHLT50黄叶率Rate of yellow leavesHIG
株高1
冠幅0.636**1
假鳞茎0.404**0.438**1
叶片面积0.476**0.2920.362*1
叶片厚度0.271–0.107–0.1160.2921
LWC0.049–0.194–0.391*–0.1780.477**1
HLT500.066–0.190–0.226–0.1180.543**0.437**1
黄叶率–0.1780.1260.2100.089–0.714**–0.570**–0.715**1
HIG–0.2390.0830.1750.091–0.693**–0.517**–0.661**0.967**1
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251692360559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同文心兰品种各单项指标的相关系数矩阵

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Indicator株高Plant height冠幅Canopy假鳞茎Pseudobulb叶片面积Leaf area叶片厚度Vane thicknessLWCHLT50黄叶率Rate of yellow leavesHIG
株高1
冠幅0.636**1
假鳞茎0.404**0.438**1
叶片面积0.476**0.2920.362*1
叶片厚度0.271–0.107–0.1160.2921
LWC0.049–0.194–0.391*–0.1780.477**1
HLT500.066–0.190–0.226–0.1180.543**0.437**1
黄叶率–0.1780.1260.2100.089–0.714**–0.570**–0.715**1
HIG–0.2390.0830.1750.091–0.693**–0.517**–0.661**0.967**1
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251818189680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Eigenvector and proportion of comprehensive indicators

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Indicator主成分1 PC1主成分2 PC2主成分3 PC3
载荷Load系数Coefficient载荷Load系数Coefficient载荷Load系数Coefficient
I10.7450.141–0.252–0.105–0.489–0.471
I20.7190.1360.2050.0850.0400.039
I30.8300.1570.0620.026–0.157–0.151
I4–0.816–0.1830.0840.014–0.336–0.002
I5–0.942–0.1780.0390.039–0.182–0.036
I6–0.968–0.1550.0330.035–0.002–0.324
I7–0.937–0.1790.0920.016–0.037–0.176
I80.1870.035–0.856–0.3570.0770.074
I9–0.136–0.026–0.765–0.3190.4560.440
I10–0.278–0.053–0.695–0.290.1390.134
I11–0.111–0.021–0.685–0.286–0.625–0.603
特征值5.2732.3971.036
贡献率/%50.93421.7939.421
累计贡献率/%50.93472.72782.148
), ArticleFig(id=1276598251969184625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276597974075572894, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

各综合指标的特征向量及贡献率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Indicator主成分1 PC1主成分2 PC2主成分3 PC3
载荷Load系数Coefficient载荷Load系数Coefficient载荷Load系数Coefficient
I10.7450.141–0.252–0.105–0.489–0.471
I20.7190.1360.2050.0850.0400.039
I30.8300.1570.0620.026–0.157–0.151
I4–0.816–0.1830.0840.014–0.336–0.002
I5–0.942–0.1780.0390.039–0.182–0.036
I6–0.968–0.1550.0330.035–0.002–0.324
I7–0.937–0.1790.0920.016–0.037–0.176
I80.1870.035–0.856–0.3570.0770.074
I9–0.136–0.026–0.765–0.3190.4560.440
I10–0.278–0.053–0.695–0.290.1390.134
I11–0.111–0.021–0.685–0.286–0.625–0.603
特征值5.2732.3971.036
贡献率/%50.93421.7939.421
累计贡献率/%50.93472.72782.148
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不同文心兰品种耐热性指标筛选与评价体系构建
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罗小燕 1, 2 , 罗远华 3 , 易双双 1, 2 , 李崇晖 1, 2 , 廖易 1, 2 , 张志群 1 , 郑碧兰 1 , 陆顺教 1, 2, *
热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2024,45(7): 1348-1358
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热带作物学报 |种质资源与遗传育种 2024 , 45 (7) : 1348 -1358
不同文心兰品种耐热性指标筛选与评价体系构建
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2.农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点开放实验室,海南海口 571101, bio={"content":"

罗小燕(1980—),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:热带花卉抗逆性精准评价及遗传育种。

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罗小燕(1980—),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:热带花卉抗逆性精准评价及遗传育种。

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罗小燕1, 2, 罗远华3, 易双双1, 2, 李崇晖1, 2, 廖易1, 2, 张志群1, 郑碧兰1, 陆顺教1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口 571101
  • 2.农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点开放实验室,海南海口 571101
  • 3.福建省农业科学院作物研究所,福建福州 350000
通讯作者:
* 陆顺教(LU Shunjiao),E-mail:
Heat Tolerance Indexes Screening of Different Oncidium Cultivars and Construction of the Evaluation System
Xiaoyan LUO1, 2, Yuanhua LUO3, Shuangshuang YI1, 2, Chonghui LI1, 2, Yi LIAO1, 2, Zhiqun ZHANG1, Bilan ZHENG1, Shunjiao LU1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Institute of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
  • 2.Key and Open Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Creation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
  • 3.Crop Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.006
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为比较不同文心兰品种耐热性差异,同时构建文心兰品种耐热性筛选的指标评价体系,本研究对38个文心兰(Oncidium hybridum)常见栽培品种的叶片厚度、叶片含水量和高温半致死温度(HLT50)等7个指标进行了测定,并在高温胁迫条件下对不同品种的黄叶率和热害等级(HIG)进行观测,通过分析不同指标间的相关性,结合主成分分析筛选文心兰耐热性评价指标,构建文心兰品种耐热性评价体系。结果表明:38个文心兰品种的耐热性存在显著差异;叶片厚度、叶片含水量、HLT50、黄叶率和HIG能较好地反映文心兰对高温胁迫的响应,可作为文心兰耐热性的评价指标。基于耐热指数进行聚类分析,可将38个文心兰品种分为耐热型品种(12个)、中等耐热型品种(3个)和不耐热型品种(23个)3个类别。本研究结果为热区文心兰选材提供参考依据,同时也为文心兰高耐热新品种的培育提供亲本资源。

文心兰  /  栽培品种  /  耐热性  /  聚类分析  /  耐热评价体系

This study was conducted to compare the difference of heat tolerance of different Oncidium cultivars, and to establish a system for evaluating identification indexes of Oncidium heat tolerance. Seven indexes, including the leaf thickness, leaf water content and high temperature semi-lethal temperature (HLT50), of 38 common O. hybridum cultivars were measured, and the yellow leaf rate and heat injury grade (HIG) of different cultivars were observed under high temperature stress. The evaluation indexes of heat tolerance of Oncidium were screened by analyzing the correlation among different indexes and combining with principal component analysis, to establish the evaluation system of heat resistance of Oncidium cultivars. The results showed that the leaf thickness, leaf water content, HLT50, yellow leaf rate and HIG could well reflect the response of Oncidium to high temperature stress, which could be taken as the index for evaluating Oncidium heat tolerance. The 38 cultivars could be classified into three categories: heat-tolerant cultivars (12 cultivars), moderate heat-tolerant cultivars (3 cultivars) and non-heat-tolerant cultivars (23 cultivars) by cluster analysis based on heat-tolerant index. The results of this study could provide a reference for material selection of Oncidium in hot area, and also provide parental resource for the breeding of Oncidium with high heat tolerance.

Oncidium hybridum  /  cultivars  /  heat tolerance  /  cluster analysis  /  heat tolerance evaluation system
罗小燕, 罗远华, 易双双, 李崇晖, 廖易, 张志群, 郑碧兰, 陆顺教. 不同文心兰品种耐热性指标筛选与评价体系构建. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (7) : 1348 -1358 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.006
Xiaoyan LUO, Yuanhua LUO, Shuangshuang YI, Chonghui LI, Yi LIAO, Zhiqun ZHANG, Bilan ZHENG, Shunjiao LU. Heat Tolerance Indexes Screening of Different Oncidium Cultivars and Construction of the Evaluation System[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (7) : 1348 -1358 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.006
文心兰群(Oncidium Alliance)约含40个属,包括文心兰(Oncidium)、宫文心兰(Oncidesa)、蜡唇兰(Aspasia)、蜘蛛兰(Brassia)、蜗瘤兰(Cochlioda)、凹唇兰(Camparettia)等,多为附生,也有岩生和陆生,广泛分布于墨西哥南部、加勒比海地区、佛罗里达南部的部分地区以及南美洲[1]。广义的文心兰(Oncidium)包括了文心兰属、其近缘属以及它们的属间杂交属植物。在商业生产中,文心兰又名吉祥兰,其独特的花型具有很高的观赏价值,是全球最受欢迎的热带兰花之一,主要以盆花和切花为主。我国文心兰产业从2006年开始引种,现在福建、贵州、广东、海南等地都已形成一定规模的文心兰产业链。但是,随着全球气候变暖,夏季持续高温严重影响文心兰的生长,导致其数量和质量均不稳定,除生产成本大大提高之外,其花卉品质和资源保存也受到极大的影响[2]
热带兰多分布于低纬度的热带、亚热带地区,具有明显的气生根,适宜生长的温度范围为20~30 ℃,喜温但并不耐热,高于35 ℃时将出现滞育[3-4]。高温会使兰花出现叶片变黄、萎蔫下垂、假鳞茎皱缩、局部溃烂等现象,严重影响其生长发育和营养积累,继而导致开花品质下降[5-8]。目前针对热带兰在热胁迫过程中生理变化及其分子响应机制等方面已有诸多报道[5,8-12],如杨华庚等[13]比较了不同耐热性品种蝴蝶兰幼苗对高温胁迫的生理反应,并分析了外源茉莉酸甲酯、钙和水杨酸对其耐热性的影响;肖文芳等[14]对不同蝴蝶兰品种耐热性进行比较测定并开展了综合评价。
热胁迫的不利影响可以通过利用各种遗传方法开发具有提高耐热性的作物来缓解[15]。然而,当前针对文心兰耐热性方面的研究较少,仅有少量有关高温胁迫下文心兰部分生理指标变化的报道[5,7],尚缺乏系统的耐热性筛选及评价方法。因此,对文心兰栽培品种开展耐热性评价并建立文心兰耐热性评价体系是当前助力文心兰产业发展迫切需要开展的工作。本研究以38个文心兰栽培品种为材料,分析文心兰耐热性与不同指标之间的相关性,并对38个文心兰栽培品种的耐热性进行综合评价,为文心兰生产筛选优良品种提供依据和方法,为文心兰高耐热新品种的培育提供亲本资源。
38个供试文心兰品种中,20份来自中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所热带花卉研究中心(表1,材料来源编号1),另18份来自海南省文心兰生物技术有限公司(表1,材料来源编号2)。选取健康无病虫害的一年生成熟苗(有花茎优先),每个品种25株。
选取正常生长、健康无病虫害的一年生成熟苗,每个品种20株,用于株高、冠幅、叶片厚度、叶面积、叶片水分含量、假鳞茎体积等指标的测定,其中株高和冠幅用直尺测定;叶片厚度用游标卡尺测定;叶面积利用叶面积仪测定;叶片含水量采用烘干法测定;假鳞茎大小采取浸水法测定,即取500 mL量筒,装入适量清水,记下水位刻度(V1),将假鳞茎剪下,完全浸入水中,记下这时水位刻度(V2),假鳞茎的体积即为V=V2V1
试验前将材料统一放置在人工气候室内进行适应性栽培7 d,每个品种10株,将气候箱的光照强度控制在240 μmol/(m2·s),光周期为14 h/10 h(昼/夜),温度控制在28 ℃/22 ℃(昼/夜),相对湿度80%。统一浇水,保持各盆土壤湿度基本一致。于第8天上午9:00左右,采集顶部展开的嫩叶片,迅速保存于自封袋,用去离子水洗净擦干后,剪成0.5 cm2的碎片,混匀后称取0.2 g置于装有20 mL去离子水的试管中,分别在25、35、40、45、50、55、60、65、70 ℃条件下水浴20 min,取出后室温静置2 h左右,确保冷却至室温后用电导仪测定电导率(Ct),然后沸水浴15 min,取出静置冷却至室温后测定电导率(Cm)。以25 ℃下叶片的电导率为对照(Cck),每个温度处理重复3次。根据公式求细胞伤害率:y=(CtCck)/(CmCck)×100%[16]。采用Logistic方程进行拟合计算,方程的表达方式为:y=k/(1+aebt),其中y为细胞伤害率,t为不同的处理温度,k为细胞伤害率的饱和容量,本试验消除了本底干扰k为100%,ab为方程参数,e为常数。为了确定ab的值,方程经线性化处理得,ln[(1–y)/y]=lnabt;设y’=ln[(1-y)/y],则当y=50%时,y’=1,t=lna/b,即为高温半致死温度(HLT50)。采用直线回归法求得方程参数ab,代入公式T=lna/b,得到每个品种的HLT50
试验前将材料统一放置在人工气候室内进行适应性栽培7 d,栽培环境参数同1.2.2。于第8天开始高温胁迫试验,将人工气候室温度提升至42 ℃/38 ℃(昼/夜),高温处理时间为8:00—20:00,光照强度和时间及湿度条件均不变。试验过程中为减轻高温引发的干旱胁迫,每隔1 d加一定量的水以补充基质水分。于高温胁迫处理第2、4、6天上午8:00—9:00统计黄叶率并观察假鳞茎的生长情况,以确定热害等级。热害等级划分标准为:1级,植株整体长势好,无明显的伤害特征,无或仅有极少量叶尖变黄,黄叶率≤25%,假鳞茎饱满;2级,植株整体生长较好,黄叶率在25%~50%之间,无焦叶,假鳞茎正常;3级:植株开始失水萎蔫,黄叶率在50%~75%之间,有少量焦叶,假鳞茎轻度失水;4级:植株大部分干枯,黄叶率在75%~100%之间,有焦叶,假鳞茎皱缩:5级,叶片完全焦枯。
利用Microsoft Office Excel 2016软件进行数据整理与图表绘制。在SPSS 20.0软件中进行差异显著性检验、双变量相关性分析、主成分分析和系统聚类分析。
对38个文心兰栽培品种的株高、冠幅、假鳞茎大小、叶片面积、叶片厚度及叶片含水量测定发现,不同文心兰品种间株高、冠幅、假鳞茎大小、叶片面积、叶片厚度及叶片含水量(LWC)差异较大(表2)。其中叶片面积差异系数最大,为99.98%,红樱桃品种叶片面积最大,为13.60 cm2,七彩湖品种叶片面积最小,仅为0.26 cm2;其次是假鳞茎大小,变异系数(CV)为65.10%,巧克力文心品种假鳞茎最大,为24.55 cm3,白梦香品种假鳞茎最小,仅为0.63 cm3;株高、冠幅、叶片厚度的CV相差不大,分别为25.80%、28.70%、27.80%;叶片含水量的差异系数最小,为10.8%。
对38个文心兰品种进行高温胁迫试验发现,随着胁迫时间增加,文心兰表现为叶片失水,叶尖变黄,然后整片变黄,焦枯,严重时所有叶片干焦,假鳞茎皱缩,整个植株干枯死亡。依据黄叶率、焦叶率、假鳞茎及植株整体长势等将38个供试文心兰品种在热胁迫过程中的热胁迫伤害情况分成5个热害等级(表3)。在高温胁迫过程中受到1级热害的品种7个:散甘平白、皇帝、天使文心、黄金三号、白雪、柠檬绿、雪莲;热害等级为2级的品种5个:蜜糖、小蜜蜂、新骑士、火山皇后、春枫。这12个品种在胁迫至6 d时依然生长良好,虽有失水症状,但仅有少数叶片变黄或是干枯,表现出较强的耐热性。而红樱桃、红香水、七彩湖、香水美人、紫薇、白梦香、黄梦香等品种,全株超过3/4的叶片干枯、假鳞茎失水皱缩,受热害程度最严重,胁迫至6 d,植株完全枯死,对高温的耐受性相对较弱。
对38个文心兰品种的叶片进行不同的温度胁迫并测定细胞伤害率发现,随着温度的升高叶片的细胞伤害率先缓慢增加,当温度为55~60 ℃时急剧增加,后又缓慢增加,细胞伤害率随处理温度的升高呈典型的“S”型变化(图1)。说明这38个文心兰品种叶片的细胞伤害率与处理温度的关系用Logistic描述是合适的。根据公式计算38个文心兰栽培品种的高温半致死温度(HLT50)发现,不同文心兰品种间HLT50存在明显差异,其范围为57.1~67.6 ℃,平均61.9 ℃(表4)。38个文心兰品种中,HLT50在60 ℃以下的品种8个;60~65 ℃之间的品种23个;65 ℃以上的品种7个。可以看出,耐热性好的品种HLT50相对较高,耐热性差的品种HLT50相对较低。
将38个参试品种的不同指标数据,包括株高、冠幅、假鳞茎、叶片面积、叶片厚度、叶片含水量(LWC)、HLT50与高温胁迫试验测出的黄叶率、热害等级(HIG)进行Pearson相关性分析(表5)。结果表明,文心兰的株高与冠幅、假鳞茎、叶片面积之间存在极显著正相关,但与叶片厚度、LWC、HIG无显著相关性;HIG、黄叶率与叶片厚度、LWC、HLT50之间呈极显著负相关,与株高、冠幅、假鳞茎、叶片面积无显著相关性,说明文心兰的耐热性与其株型大小相关性不大,而与叶片厚度、LWC和HLT50密切相关。
主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率达82.198%,特征值均大于1,因此前3个主成分作为38个文心兰品种耐热性评价的主要因子。主成分1的特征值为5.273,贡献率为50.934%,其中,HIG、黄叶率、HLT50、叶片厚度、LWC有较大的载荷量;主成分2的特征值为2.397,贡献率分别为21.793%,其中株高、冠幅、假鳞茎、叶片面积有较大的载荷量;主成分3的特征值为1.036,贡献率分别为9.421%,其中叶片面积、叶片厚度、冠幅、黄叶率有较大载荷量。综合相关性分析和主成分分析结果,选择3个主成分中与其他指标存在极显著性且载荷量绝对值最大的指标(HIG、黄叶率、HLT50、叶片厚度和LWC)作为文心兰耐热性评价指标。
主成分分析中,主成分1的贡献率最大,且HIG与其显著相关的黄叶率、高温半致死温度、叶片厚度和叶片含水量等因子载荷量最大,说明主成分1所涵盖的信息能全面地反映38个文心兰品种的耐热性。故选取主成分1作为主成分综合模型:y=0.141×I1+0.136×I2+0.157×I3–0.179×I4–0.183×I5–0.178×I6–0.155×I7+0.035×I8–0.026×I9–0.053×I10–0.021×I11,式中I1I2I3I4I5I6I7I8I9I10I11分别为叶片厚度、LWC、HLT50、2 d黄叶率、4 d黄叶率、6 d黄叶率、HIG、株高、冠幅、假鳞茎、叶面积11个指标(表6),计算出不同文心兰品种的耐热指标综合评价值,定义为耐热指数(D值),对文心兰品种耐热性进行综合评价(图2)。结果显示,耐热指数大于0的品种14个,包括糖心兰、小樱桃、小蜜蜂、散甘平白、新骑士、皇帝、火山皇后、天使文心、黄金3号、白雪、柠檬绿、春枫、雪莲、蜜糖,这些品种耐热性相对较高。
基于耐热指数对不同文心兰品种进行聚类分析(图3),结果显示在欧式距离10处可将文心兰品种分为3类:耐热型品种、中等耐热型品种和不耐热型品种。其中,耐热型品种12个,包括柠檬绿、雪莲、黄金3号、白雪、散甘平白、皇帝、新骑士、蜜糖、天使文心、火山皇后、小蜜蜂、小樱桃;中耐热品种3个,为糖心兰、春枫、巧克力文心;其余23个品种为不耐热品种。12个耐热型品种在欧式距离5处又聚为2类,其中6个品种柠檬绿、雪莲、黄金3号、白雪、散甘平白、皇帝耐热性最好;其次是另6个品种新骑士、蜜糖、天使文心、火山皇后、小樱桃、小蜜蜂。
通过人工模拟高温胁迫试验是评价不同文心兰品种耐热性较为常见的方法,但该方法对植物体的损伤不可修复,试验周期长,操作比较复杂,且植株本身的生长状况、苗龄大小、培养基质及外部环境因素等均会影响试验结果的可靠性。本研究中,文心兰叶片厚度和叶片含水量与耐热性综合指数之间呈极显著相关关系(R2=0.660和R2=0.790),说明叶片厚度和叶片含水量与文心兰的耐热性关系密切,该结论与申惠翡等[16]在杜鹃品种和陈子銮等[17]在山茶属植物的研究结果相似,同时在报春花属[18]、黄瓜[19]、仙客来[20]等植物中也有同样的规律。本研究中,42份文心兰叶片厚度在0.26~0.88 mm之间,平均值为0.51 mm,变异系数0.11,其中叶片厚度在0.6 mm以上的白雪、雪莲、柠檬绿等11个文心兰品种均表现为高耐热型,而叶片厚度在0.4 mm以下的梦萝香、白梦香、无斑香水等8个品种均表现为热敏感型。说明叶片厚度及含水量是文心兰耐热性评价的有效参数,可以用来作为判断品种耐热性的重要指标,特别是叶片厚度可视为文心兰品种最直观的耐热性评价指标。
植物细胞膜的热稳定性与其耐热能力密切相关,通过电导率法结合Logistic方程拟合估算HLT50,能较为准确地反映植物耐性差异,该方法已被应用于多种植物的耐热性评价与筛选中[21-25]。本研究测定的38个文心兰品种HLT50温度范围在57.1~67.6 ℃之间,与景天科植物相近(HLT50为51.53~66.17 ℃)[21,26-27],但明显高于杜鹃品种(HLT50为46.92~53.84 ℃)[28],鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata L.)(HLT50为52.14~ 53.50 ℃)[29],这应该与景天科植物与文心兰均原生于热带地区,而杜鹃和鸭茅主要分布在高海拔或温带地区有关。本研究表明不同文心兰品种间的HLT50存在明显差异,并与热害等级存在极显著相关,HLT50较高的雪莲、柠檬绿、散甘平白等品种耐热性均较高,而HLT50较低的紫薇、红孩儿、香水美人等品种均表现为高温敏感。因此,HLT50值的大小能很好反映文心兰品种对高温的耐受性,可作为文心兰品种耐热性评价的一项有效生理指标。
植物的耐热性属复杂性状,受多方面因素的影响,单一的评价指标不能全面、真实地反映不同资源的对高温的耐受性[30]。本研究通过对38个品种进行综合评价,选出耐热性较好的品种12个,并从中选出耐热性相对最强的品种6个(柠檬绿、雪莲、黄金3号、白雪、散甘平白、皇帝)。这6个品种中,黄金3号、雪莲、柠檬绿,株型舒展,花枝长且挺立,是极好的文心兰切花材料,散甘平白属于小株型,可作小盆栽;皇帝和白雪中等株型,花枝长为30~40 cm,可作盆栽也可作切花。筛选出的高耐热性可为南方热区耐热文心兰品种的培育提供重要基础。
本研究确定了叶片厚度、叶片含水量、HLT50、黄叶率和热害等级5个文心兰耐热评价指标,并建立了综合评价模型。通过对38个品种进行综合评价,选出的耐热性相对较好的品种12个,耐热性相对最好的品种6个。该结果将为文心兰品种耐热性评价及耐热性品种的培育提供重要基础。
  • 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY155)
  • 福建省农业科学院对外合作项目(DWHZ202209)
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2024年第45卷第7期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.006
  • 接收时间:2023-08-01
  • 首发时间:2026-06-24
  • 出版时间:2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-01
  • 修回日期:2023-09-05
基金
海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY155)
福建省农业科学院对外合作项目(DWHZ202209)
作者信息
    1.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口 571101
    2.农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点开放实验室,海南海口 571101
    3.福建省农业科学院作物研究所,福建福州 350000

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* 陆顺教(LU Shunjiao),E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.07.006
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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