Article(id=1276601028938171344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276600957765021779, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.06.016, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1685894400000, receivedDateStr=2023-06-05, revisedDate=1693411200000, revisedDateStr=2023-08-31, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782295003399, onlineDateStr=2026-06-24, pubDate=1719244800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782295003399, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782295003399, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782295003399, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276600957765021779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='6', pageStart='1095', pageEnd='1302', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1719244800000', pubDateStr='2024-06-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782294986430, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782348406834, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276825019267285043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276600957765021779, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276825019271479348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276600957765021779, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1244, endPage=1251, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276601029252744146, articleId=1276601028938171344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Determination of Antioxidant Activity, Total Polyphenol and Total Flavonoid Content of Seven Hainan Specialty Tea, columnId=1236286112713470633, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Post-harvest Treatment & Quality Safety, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The antioxidant activity, total polyphenol and total flavonoid content differences of local Hainan specialty teas (Moringa Tea, Kuding Tea, Wuzhishan Green Tea, Baisha Green Tea, Wuzhishan Black Tea, Languiren and Partridge Tea) were evaluated. Results revealed significant variations in antioxidant activity among the teas. The antioxidant activity of the tea extract exhibited a dose-dependent relationship with sample concentration and demonstrated excellent thermal stability. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of the teas was ranged from 9.80% to 22.84% and 0.90% to 4.67%, respectively, and the total polyphenol content of Wuzhishan Green Tea was the highest, which was 2.33 times that of Moringa Tea. The difference in total polyphenol content of Kuding Tea, Wuzhishan Black Tea, Languiren, and Partridge Tea was not significant, while the total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Green Tea was the highest, and the total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Green Tea was 5.18 times that of Moringa Tea. The difference in total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Black Tea, Languiren, and Partridge Tea was not significant, and the total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Green Tea were the highest among the teas. The seven tea extracts had antioxidant reduction ability, and the tea polyphenol content and total flavonoid content showed a good quantitative relationship with the scavenging ability of free radicals. Moringa Tea had the strongest ability to scavenge ABTS, Wuzhishan Black Tea had the strongest ability to scavenge superoxide radicals, and Baisha Green Tea had the best antioxidant effect overall, with the reduction ability, DPPH scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability were the strongest. The antioxidant properties of the seven tea extracts did not change significantly when incubated at different temperature conditions and boiling water, indicating that the seven tea extracts had better thermal stability. This study shows that Hainan specialty teas are rich in total polyphenols and total flavonoids and exhibit strong antioxidant abilities, providing a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of Hainan specialty teas.

, authors=null, authorsList=Yuanjie CHEN, Jing XU, Changtao LIU, Jinghua HUANG, Juren CEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Juren CEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276601032151008222, articleId=1276601028938171344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=7种海南特色茶抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量的测定, columnId=1236286112877048492, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=采后处理与质量安全, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了深入探索海南地方特色茶的抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量的差异,本研究对7种海南特色茶(辣木茶、苦丁茶、五指山绿茶、白沙绿茶、五指山红茶、兰贵人和鹧鸪茶)提取液的抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量进行测定。结果表明:不同品种茶叶的抗氧化活性存在差异,茶叶提取液的抗氧化活性与样品浓度均表现出量效关系,同时热稳定性较好。7种茶的总多酚和总黄酮含量分别在9.80%~22.84%和0.90%~4.67%之间,五指山绿茶的总多酚含量最高,是辣木茶的2.33倍;苦丁茶、五指山红茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶的总多酚含量差异不显著。五指山绿茶的总黄酮含量最高,是辣木茶的5.18倍;五指山红茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶总黄酮含量差异不显著,五指山绿茶的总多酚和总黄酮含量均为7种茶叶中最高。7种茶叶提取液均具有抗氧化还原能力,并且茶叶中的茶多酚含量、总黄酮含量与自由基清除能力呈现良好的量效关系,辣木茶的清除ABTS能力最强,五指山红茶的清除超氧自由基能力最强,白沙绿茶整体的抗氧化效果最好,其还原能力、DPPH清除能力、羟自由基清除能力最强。7种茶叶提取液在不同温度条件和沸水孵育,其抗氧化性并未发生显著变化,说明7种茶叶提取液的热稳定性较佳。研究表明供试7种茶不仅富含总多酚和总黄酮,而且具有较强的抗氧化活性,为海南特色茶的进一步开发利用提供理论基础。

, authors=

陈元杰(1999—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:天然产物及其药理活性。

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* 岑举人(CEN Juren),E-mail:
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陈元杰(1999—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:天然产物及其药理活性。

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陈元杰(1999—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:天然产物及其药理活性。

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figureFileSmall=EAsA3XO55MgM8DrfqEoo1g==, figureFileBig=5qHmg39+WkvR/ZaQJg0SLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276824376523755932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276601028938171344, language=CN, label=图5, caption=7种茶叶提取液的热稳定性, figureFileSmall=EAsA3XO55MgM8DrfqEoo1g==, figureFileBig=5qHmg39+WkvR/ZaQJg0SLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276824376586670493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276601028938171344, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

IC50 of seven teas extracts to DPPH· and ABTS+·

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
茶叶TeaDPPH·ABTS+·
辣木茶2.118±0.13a0.394±0.02c
苦丁茶2.027±0.13a0.936±0.03b
五指山绿茶0.496±0.04b0.557±0.06c
五指山红茶1.324±0.04c1.130±0.14b
白沙绿茶0.629±0.02c0.615±0.08c
兰贵人1.705±0.05d0.800±0.05b
鹧鸪茶1.333±0.01d1.757±0.09a
), ArticleFig(id=1276824376657973662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276601028938171344, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

7种茶叶提取液对DPPH和ABTS自由基的半抑制浓度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
茶叶TeaDPPH·ABTS+·
辣木茶2.118±0.13a0.394±0.02c
苦丁茶2.027±0.13a0.936±0.03b
五指山绿茶0.496±0.04b0.557±0.06c
五指山红茶1.324±0.04c1.130±0.14b
白沙绿茶0.629±0.02c0.615±0.08c
兰贵人1.705±0.05d0.800±0.05b
鹧鸪茶1.333±0.01d1.757±0.09a
), ArticleFig(id=1276824376741859743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276601028938171344, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Content of total polyphenol and total flavonoids in seven teas extracts

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
茶叶Tea总多酚Total polyphenols/%总黄酮Total flavonoids/%总多酚/总黄酮Total polyphenols/Total flavonoids
辣木茶9.80±0.68d0.90±0.04e0.092±0.004d
苦丁茶15.31±0.37c3.85±0.04c0.252±0.004a
五指山绿茶22.84±0.52a4.67±0.09a0.204±0.001b
五指山红茶12.45±0.42c2.41±0.03d0.194±0.009b
白沙绿茶19.84±0.62b4.32±0.14b0.218±0.005b
兰贵人13.59±1.90c2.07±0.13d0.154±0.015c
鹧鸪茶14.94±0.57c1.55±0.07d0.104±0.001d
), ArticleFig(id=1276824376817357216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276601028938171344, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

7种茶叶提取液中总多酚和总黄酮含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
茶叶Tea总多酚Total polyphenols/%总黄酮Total flavonoids/%总多酚/总黄酮Total polyphenols/Total flavonoids
辣木茶9.80±0.68d0.90±0.04e0.092±0.004d
苦丁茶15.31±0.37c3.85±0.04c0.252±0.004a
五指山绿茶22.84±0.52a4.67±0.09a0.204±0.001b
五指山红茶12.45±0.42c2.41±0.03d0.194±0.009b
白沙绿茶19.84±0.62b4.32±0.14b0.218±0.005b
兰贵人13.59±1.90c2.07±0.13d0.154±0.015c
鹧鸪茶14.94±0.57c1.55±0.07d0.104±0.001d
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7种海南特色茶抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量的测定
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陈元杰 1 , 徐静 2 , 刘常涛 1 , 黄锦华 1 , 岑举人 1, *
热带作物学报 | 采后处理与质量安全 2024,45(6): 1244-1251
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热带作物学报 |采后处理与质量安全 2024 , 45 (6) : 1244 -1251
7种海南特色茶抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量的测定
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陈元杰1, 徐静2, 刘常涛1, 黄锦华1, 岑举人1, *
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学生命科学学院,海南海口 570228
  • 2.海南大学化学工程与技术学院/海南省精细化工工程技术研究中心,海南海口 570228
通讯作者:
* 岑举人(CEN Juren),E-mail:
Determination of Antioxidant Activity, Total Polyphenol and Total Flavonoid Content of Seven Hainan Specialty Tea
Yuanjie CHEN1, Jing XU2, Changtao LIU1, Jinghua HUANG1, Juren CEN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University / Hainan Provincial Chemical Engineering Research Center, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
出版时间: 2024-06-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.06.016
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为了深入探索海南地方特色茶的抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量的差异,本研究对7种海南特色茶(辣木茶、苦丁茶、五指山绿茶、白沙绿茶、五指山红茶、兰贵人和鹧鸪茶)提取液的抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量进行测定。结果表明:不同品种茶叶的抗氧化活性存在差异,茶叶提取液的抗氧化活性与样品浓度均表现出量效关系,同时热稳定性较好。7种茶的总多酚和总黄酮含量分别在9.80%~22.84%和0.90%~4.67%之间,五指山绿茶的总多酚含量最高,是辣木茶的2.33倍;苦丁茶、五指山红茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶的总多酚含量差异不显著。五指山绿茶的总黄酮含量最高,是辣木茶的5.18倍;五指山红茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶总黄酮含量差异不显著,五指山绿茶的总多酚和总黄酮含量均为7种茶叶中最高。7种茶叶提取液均具有抗氧化还原能力,并且茶叶中的茶多酚含量、总黄酮含量与自由基清除能力呈现良好的量效关系,辣木茶的清除ABTS能力最强,五指山红茶的清除超氧自由基能力最强,白沙绿茶整体的抗氧化效果最好,其还原能力、DPPH清除能力、羟自由基清除能力最强。7种茶叶提取液在不同温度条件和沸水孵育,其抗氧化性并未发生显著变化,说明7种茶叶提取液的热稳定性较佳。研究表明供试7种茶不仅富含总多酚和总黄酮,而且具有较强的抗氧化活性,为海南特色茶的进一步开发利用提供理论基础。

海南特色茶  /  总多酚  /  总黄酮  /  抗氧化

The antioxidant activity, total polyphenol and total flavonoid content differences of local Hainan specialty teas (Moringa Tea, Kuding Tea, Wuzhishan Green Tea, Baisha Green Tea, Wuzhishan Black Tea, Languiren and Partridge Tea) were evaluated. Results revealed significant variations in antioxidant activity among the teas. The antioxidant activity of the tea extract exhibited a dose-dependent relationship with sample concentration and demonstrated excellent thermal stability. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of the teas was ranged from 9.80% to 22.84% and 0.90% to 4.67%, respectively, and the total polyphenol content of Wuzhishan Green Tea was the highest, which was 2.33 times that of Moringa Tea. The difference in total polyphenol content of Kuding Tea, Wuzhishan Black Tea, Languiren, and Partridge Tea was not significant, while the total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Green Tea was the highest, and the total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Green Tea was 5.18 times that of Moringa Tea. The difference in total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Black Tea, Languiren, and Partridge Tea was not significant, and the total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of Wuzhishan Green Tea were the highest among the teas. The seven tea extracts had antioxidant reduction ability, and the tea polyphenol content and total flavonoid content showed a good quantitative relationship with the scavenging ability of free radicals. Moringa Tea had the strongest ability to scavenge ABTS, Wuzhishan Black Tea had the strongest ability to scavenge superoxide radicals, and Baisha Green Tea had the best antioxidant effect overall, with the reduction ability, DPPH scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability were the strongest. The antioxidant properties of the seven tea extracts did not change significantly when incubated at different temperature conditions and boiling water, indicating that the seven tea extracts had better thermal stability. This study shows that Hainan specialty teas are rich in total polyphenols and total flavonoids and exhibit strong antioxidant abilities, providing a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of Hainan specialty teas.

Hainan speciality tea  /  total polyphenols  /  total flavonoids  /  antioxidant
陈元杰, 徐静, 刘常涛, 黄锦华, 岑举人. 7种海南特色茶抗氧化活性及总多酚、总黄酮含量的测定. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (6) : 1244 -1251 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.06.016
Yuanjie CHEN, Jing XU, Changtao LIU, Jinghua HUANG, Juren CEN. Determination of Antioxidant Activity, Total Polyphenol and Total Flavonoid Content of Seven Hainan Specialty Tea[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (6) : 1244 -1251 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.06.016
茶属山茶科,是生长于热带、亚热带地区的多年生常绿木本植物。海南省盛产茶,是中国最南部的茶叶产区,也是唯一的热带茶区[1]。茶是世界上使用最广泛的饮料,在国内,茶是除了水之外消费最多的饮品。茶是丰富的药物活性分子来源,对人体健康有许多益处[2-3]。茶叶中含有许多具有药理价值的化合物,其中对人体健康影响较为显著的化学物质主要是茶多酚[4]。茶多酚的含量对茶叶品质有较大影响,是形成茶叶独特风味不可缺少的物质[5],酚类物质也是茶叶中主要的活性物质,是一类存在于植物体内并拥有特殊活性的次生代谢产物,具有抗炎[6]、抗衰老[7]、抗氧化[8]等生理活性,常用作天然的抗氧化剂。黄酮类化合物也具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗动脉硬化、清除自由基[9-10]等功效。
机体生理代谢活动中产生的活性氧(ROS)类对生命体的健康产生重大影响,而消除ROS最有效的方法就是使用抗氧化剂,如二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、抗坏血酸(VC)等。而这些人工合成的抗氧化剂存在致癌和毒性等安全性问题[11]。植物黄酮和多酚具有很强的清除自由基[8-10]和防止一系列自由基连锁反应的能力,而茶叶含有丰富的茶多酚,表明茶叶具有成为天然抗氧化剂的巨大潜力。
本研究以7种海南特色茶(辣木茶、苦丁茶、五指山绿茶、五指山红茶、白沙绿茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶)为试验材料,测定茶叶提取物中总多酚和总黄酮的含量,以及不同种茶叶提取物的抗氧化活性,并进行抗氧化活性的比较分析,全面评估7种海南特色茶的抗氧化活性与总多酚、总黄酮含量之间的相关性,为研究茶叶的抗氧化机制提供理论依据。
于海南当地市场购买辣木茶(海南椰仙生物科技有限公司)、苦丁茶(海南椰仙生物科技有限公司)、五指山绿茶(海口金峰岩茶叶有限公司)、白沙绿茶(海南农垦白沙茶业股份有限公司)、五指山红茶(海南椰仙生物科技有限公司)、兰贵人(海南椰仙生物科技有限公司)、鹧鸪茶(海口海茗贸易有限公司)等成品茶叶作为供试材料,以上成品茶均为春季采摘的一芽两叶茶叶。
1,1-二苯基-2-2苦基肼(DPPH,Sigma公司);2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS,Sigma公司);没食子酸(上海源叶生物科技有限公司);芦丁标准品(上海源叶生物科技有限公司);核黄素(上海源叶生物科技有限公司);无水乙醇、L-甲硫氨酸、福林酚试剂、无水乙醇、VC、亚硝酸钠、硝酸铝、NaOH、无水碳酸钠、过硫酸钾、水杨酸、硫酸亚铁、双氧水、铁氰化钾、氯化亚铁、三氯化铁、磷酸钠缓冲液,以上化学试剂均为分析纯。蒸馏水为实验室自制。
FW高速万能粉碎机(杭州旭众机械设备有限公司);JH-41-04型紫外可见分光光度计(上海菁华科技有限公司);AR2140型电子天平(奥豪斯仪器上海有限公司);XD-5200DTD型超声波清洗机(南京先欧仪器制造有限公司);DM0412S低速离心机(大龙兴创实验仪器股份公司);HH-2数显恒温水浴锅(国华电器有限公司)。
将供试茶叶经高速多功能粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过60目筛,精密称定7种茶叶粉末各1 g,置于具塞锥形瓶,加入75%乙醇10 mL,密塞,称定重量,浸泡过夜,在功率为100 W,频率为40 kHz条件下超声处理1 h,冷却,称定重量,用75%乙醇补足减少的重量,摇匀,过滤,取滤液,于4000 r/min条件下离心15 min,取上清液作供试液。
参考李玮等[12]的方法,稍作修改,取7个5 mL离心管,分别加入3.9 mL 60 μmol/L DPPH溶液和7个不同浓度的茶叶提取液0.1 mL,将混合物充分震荡后于室温下避光反应30 min,在517 nm处测吸光值,未加提取液作空白对照,平行测定3次。清除率=[(Ablank- Asample)/Ablank]×100%,式中,Ablank表示对照管的吸光值,Asample表示加入提取液样品后的吸光值。
参考马慧等[13]的方法,稍作修改,取7个5 ml离心管,分别加入3.9 mL ABTS溶液和7个不同浓度的茶叶提取液0.1 mL,将混合物充分震荡后于室温下避光反应30 min,在734 nm处测吸光值。设置1个对照管,对照管中加入0.1 mL无水乙醇和3.9 mL ABTS溶液。以VC为阳性对照,平行测定3次。清除率=[(Ablank-Asample)/Ablank]×100%,式中,Ablank表示对照管的吸光值,Asample表示加入提取液样品后的吸光值。
参照苏凡等[14]的方法测定茶叶提取液的超氧阴离子自由基清除率。
参考周婧[15]的方法,稍作修改,取7个5 mL离心管,依次加入1 mL FeSO4溶液,1 mL水杨酸-乙醇溶液,7个不同浓度茶叶提取液1 mL,200 μL H2O2以及800 μL水,37 ℃水浴30 min,在510 nm处测吸光值。对照管和样底管各设置1个,对照管中用1 mL水代替供试液,样底管中用水代替H2O2,以VC为阳性对照。平行测定3次。清除率=1-(A样品-A样底)/A对照,式中,A样品表示加入提取液样品后的吸光值,A样底表示样底管的吸光值,A对照表示对照管的吸光值。
参考刘子金等[16]的方法,稍作修改,取7个10 mL离心管,依次加入7个不同浓度茶叶提取液1 mL,2.5 mL磷酸钠缓冲液,2.5 mL铁氰化钾,50 ℃水浴30 min,加入2.5 mL三氯乙酸,3000 r/min离心20 min,取上清液2.5 mL,加入2.5 mL水和0.5 mL FeCl3。静置10 min,在700 nm处测定吸光值。以没食子酸为对照组,平行测定3次。
参照吴英华等[17]的方法测定茶叶提取液的热稳定性。
参照刘仙俊等[18]的方法,以没食子酸作对照,采用福林酚法测定茶叶提取液中总多酚的含量。
参照杨芙莲等[19]和王萍等[20]的方法,采用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝法测定茶叶提取液中总黄酮的含量。
利用Execl 2021软件进行数据处理,采用Graphpad Prism 9.5.1软件进行差异显著性分析以及作图。
在相同的浓度条件下(8 mg/mL),茶叶提取液所表现出来清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的能力不同,并且同种茶叶提取液随浓度的增加,其清除自由基的能力也增强,质量浓度小于5 mg/mL时,各茶叶提取液的DPPH自由基清除能力具有明显差异;质量浓度大于5 mg/mL时,DPPH自由基的清除率均达到80.00%以上,且无明显差异(图1A)。在测定的浓度范围内,辣木茶提取液的清除ABTS+·能力最强,ABTS+·清除率始终高于其他茶叶提取液,辣木茶提取液浓度为8 mg/mL时,清除率达91.53%(图1B)。
表1可知,7种海南特色茶叶的75%乙醇提取液对DPPH·和ABTS+·的半抑制浓度(IC50)值有所不同,但是对DPPH自由基与ABTS自由基均具有较强的清除作用。五指山绿茶提取液的DPPH清除能力最强,IC50值为0.496 mg/mL,辣木茶提取液的ABTS清除能力最强,其IC50值为0.394 mg/mL。
图2所示,随着茶叶提取液浓度的增大,其清除超氧自由基能力不断增强,呈现正量效关系。7种茶叶提取液对超氧自由基均具有清除作用,提取液质量浓度低于1.8 mg/mL时,五指山红茶和鹧鸪茶提取液的超氧自由基清除率接近;浓度大于4.2 mg/mL时,五指山红茶和鹧鸪茶提取液的超氧自由基清除率明显高于白沙绿茶、苦丁茶、五指山绿茶,浓度达到4.8 mg/mL时,五指山红茶提取液的超氧自由基清除率(79.68%)明显高于其他茶叶。
羟自由基测定结果如图3所示,在0.6~4.2 mg/mL浓度范围内,随着茶叶提取液浓度的增加,其清除羟自由基能力也逐渐增强。茶叶提取液浓度为0.6 mg/mL时,五指山绿茶(42.49%)和白沙绿茶(38.13%)提取液的清除率高于其他5种茶,而低于CK(VC)的清除率(75.88%);提取液浓度达到3.0 mg/mL后其清除率增长缓慢,浓度超过3.6 mg/mL时清除率趋于平缓,达到最大浓度时(4.8 mg/mL)白沙绿茶提取液的羟自由基清除率为71.07%稍低于CK(78.76%)。
图4所示,7种茶叶提取液均表现出一定的还原能力,随茶叶提取液浓度的增加,其还原能力也不断增强。在提取液浓度为0.06~0.18 mg/mL时,辣木茶、苦丁茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶、五指山红茶提取液的还原能力较为接近;提取液浓度为0.18~0.30 mg/mL时,鹧鸪茶与辣木茶的还原能力低于其他5种茶。随着提取液浓度的增大,辣木茶的还原能力逐渐弱于鹧鸪茶,在0.18~0.48 mg/mL浓度范围内,白沙绿茶的还原能力高于其余6种茶。在供试的浓度范围内7种茶叶提取液的还原能力均低于CK(没食子酸)。
7种茶叶提取液在不同温度下的抗氧化活性无明显变化(图5A)。通过研究沸水孵育对7种茶叶提取液抗氧化活性的影响可知,在100 ℃条件下,延长沸水浴的时间对7种茶叶提取液的抗氧化性无明显变化(图5B)。
7种茶叶提取液的总多酚和总黄酮含量如表2所示。五指山绿茶提取液的总多酚含量最高(22.84%),是辣木茶(9.80%)的2.33倍,而苦丁茶、五指山红茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶的总多酚含量差异不显著。从7种茶叶提取液的总黄酮含量来看,五指山绿茶提取液的总黄酮含量最高(4.67%),是辣木茶的5.18倍,五指山红茶、兰贵人、鹧鸪茶的总黄酮含量差异不显著。
本研究对比7种海南特色茶叶提取液的总多酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性,并进行了差异分析,发现其提取液均有抗氧化还原能力。抗氧化活性由DPPH·、ABTS+·、羟自由基、超氧自由基等多个指标共同决定[21-23]。在探索潜在的天然抗氧化剂时,热稳定性是非常重要的一个因素[24]。在本研究中,7种茶叶提取液在不同温度条件和沸水孵育下,其抗氧化性并未发生显著变化。因此,可以得知这7种茶叶提取液的热稳定性较佳。
研究表明,7种茶叶的茶多酚含量在9.80%~ 22.84%之间,其中,五指山绿茶的茶多酚含量最高为22.84%,属茶多酚含量较高水平,这与董方等[25]和何进武等[26]的研究结果一致。总黄酮含量在0.90%~4.67%之间,其中,五指山绿茶的总黄酮含量最高为4.67%,属茶叶中相对较高的水平[27]。茶叶中的茶多酚含量和总黄酮含量与自由基的清除能力呈现良好的量效关系[28]。总多酚与总黄酮含量的测定结果也证实了这一观点,但辣木茶的各项抗氧化活性指标低于其余几种茶叶,而辣木茶的ABTS+·清除率反而略高,这与余芳等[29]的研究结果一致。这可能是由于辣木茶中含有的一些醇溶性的、不属于多酚类的强抗氧化物质含量偏高,ABTS+·可溶于水和有机溶剂[30],可以在不同的pH下使用,对pH的变化不敏感,而DPPH·只溶于有机极性溶剂中,如乙醇[31],所以茶叶中的水溶性抗氧化物质只能清除ABTS+·而不能清除DPPH·,这些可能是导致ABTS+·清除率高的原因。这一结果也说明了抗氧化活性不仅与多酚和黄酮含量相关,同时也与其他化合物也存在着复杂的关系。
白沙绿茶整体的抗氧化效果最好,其还原能力、DPPH·清除能力、羟自由基清除能力最强。本研究中,75%乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性效果明显强于李杰等[32]研究中所使用的70%乙醇提取物和水提物。说明不同的提取方法也会造成提取的总酚含量或者其他的抗氧化活性成分有一定的差异。鹧鸪茶与白沙绿茶、五指山绿茶为同一种茶种(绿茶),而抗氧化活性测定结果相差较大,茶叶品种及其生长环境不同,其所含的多酚种类和数量也不相同,会造成提取的总酚含量有一定差异。
五指山红茶、兰贵人、苦丁茶的抗氧化能力接近,这可能是由于这3种茶的总多酚和总黄酮含量较为接近。这一结果反映出茶叶的抗氧化活性与其化学成分及其含量存在相对复杂的关系,但总体上可看出其均具有较强的抗氧化活性。
综上,本研究中的7种海南特色茶富含总多酚和总黄酮等抗氧化成分,且具有较好的抗氧化效果和热稳定性,具有很高的开发利用价值。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81973229; 82160675)
  • 海南省重大科技项目(ZDKJ202008)
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2024年第45卷第6期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.06.016
  • 接收时间:2023-06-05
  • 首发时间:2026-06-24
  • 出版时间:2024-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-05
  • 修回日期:2023-08-31
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国家自然科学基金项目(81973229; 82160675)
海南省重大科技项目(ZDKJ202008)
作者信息
    1.海南大学生命科学学院,海南海口 570228
    2.海南大学化学工程与技术学院/海南省精细化工工程技术研究中心,海南海口 570228

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* 岑举人(CEN Juren),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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