Article(id=1276190706288955622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276190518317023323, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.021, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1664294400000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-28, revisedDate=1680105600000, revisedDateStr=2023-03-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782197174773, onlineDateStr=2026-06-23, pubDate=1716566400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782197174773, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782197174773, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782197174773, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276190518317023323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='873', pageEnd='1093', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1716566400000', pubDateStr='2024-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782197130040, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782197317472, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276191304694493587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276190518317023323, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276191304694493588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276190518317023323, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1061, endPage=1071, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276190707228479720, articleId=1276190706288955622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Correlation Analysis of Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure and Physicochemical in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) spreng. Before and After Agarwood Induction in Different Planting Areas, columnId=1236318328365577171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Agricultural Ecology & Environmental Protection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this experiment, we analyzed the rhizosphere fungal populations of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng. in different planting areas, and understood the change pattern of the rhizosphere microorganisms before and after agarwood induction, providing a reference basis for the formulation of reasonable cultivation measures for A. sinensis. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the diversity and community structure of the rhizosphere soil and fungi of A. sinensis in three sample sites of Hainan province (Wenshan in Haikou, Dongguang in Lingao, and Baolun in Ledong) before and after agarwood induction, the correlation between soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities before and after agarwood induction was also clarified by redundancy analysis. The results indicated that a total of 3 697 288 ITS sequences belonging to 1 kingdom, 2 Phylum, 12 classes, 9 orders, 24 families, 55 genera, 62 species were obtained from the three planting areas. There was little variability in the fungal communities and diversity before and after agarwood induction in the sample plot, but there was significant differences in the abundance of dominant population. The Shannon diversity index of the rhizosphere soil fungi of A. sinensis before and after agarwood induction ranged from high to low: LDWJX>LDJX>LGJX>LGWJX>WSWJX>WSJX. The fungal species composition of the rhizosphere soil samples of A. sinensis was rich. There were differences in the soil fungal community composition, the relative abundance of taxonomic units and the dominant taxonomic units in the rhizosphere of A. sinensis before and after Agarwood induction in different planting areas. In terms of community structure, there were differences in the dominant populations among the three planting areas; at the Phylum level, the common dominant Phyla in the three cultivation areas were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota; at the Class level, the dominant Class in Wenshan was Dothideomycetes, In Lingao the dominant Class was Sordariomycete, In Ledong the dominant Class was Ascomycetes; at the genus level, the dominant genus in Wenshan was p__Ascomycota, in Lingao was Myrothecium, and in Ledong was c__Dothideomycetes. By correlating the physicochemical properties of the inter-rhizosphere soil with the major genera of inter-rhizosphere fungi of A. sinensis in three growing areas, it was found that soil pH, organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, effective phosphorus had significant effects on most of the major fungi in the inter-rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis. The results of this study are of guiding significance for the improvement of soil at the fungal level and the evaluation of soil quality of A. sinensis, and also provide a reference basis for the future fertilization strategies of A. sinensis planting areas in Hainan province.

, authors=null, authorsList=Si LI, Deli WANG, Shitao XU, Mengzhen ZHANG, Huiting LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Deli WANG, Shitao XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276190710260961527, articleId=1276190706288955622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌群落结构与理化因子相关性分析, columnId=1236292523270918153, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=农业生态与环境保护, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

通过分析不同种植地白木香结香与未结香的根际真菌种群,了解白木香结香前后根际微生物变化规律,为白木香制定合理栽培措施提供参考依据。采用高通量测序技术和生物信息学手段对海南省3个样地(海口文山、临高东光、乐东抱伦)白木香结香前后根际土壤和真菌的多样性及群落结构进行分析,并结合冗余分析阐明白木香结香前后土壤理化性质与真菌群落的相关性。结果表明:3个产地共获得3 697 288条ITS序列,隶属于3个种植区,共获得1界2门12纲25目42科55属62种。样地内结香前后真菌群落和多样性差异性不大,但优势种群丰度存在差异;样地间存在显著差异。白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌丰富度和多样性上从高到低依次呈现为:LDWJX>LDJX>LGJX>LGWJX>WSWJX>WSJX。白木香根际土壤样品真菌物种组成丰富,不同地区白木香根际未结香和结香后土壤真菌群落组成、分类单元的相对丰度及优势分类单元皆存在不同程度差异。在群落结构上,3个产地的优势菌群均存在差异;在门水平上,3个种植区共有的优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota);在纲水平上,文山优势纲为座囊菌纲(Dothideomycetes),临高优势纲为粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycete),乐东优势纲为子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes);在属水平上,文山优势属为子囊菌属(p__Ascomycota),临高优势属为漆斑菌属(Myrothecium),乐东优势属为座囊菌属(c__Dothideomycetes)。通过对3个种植区白木香根际土壤理化性质与白木香根际真菌的主要菌属进行相关性分析发现,土壤表面pH、有机质、碱解氮、全氮、全磷、有效磷对白木香根际土壤中主要真菌群落有显著影响,表明通过调节土壤养分水平来改变白木香土壤真菌群落组成和遗传多样性。该研究结果对真菌水平上改良土壤和白木香土壤质量评价具有指导意义,也为今后海南省白木香产区的施肥策略提供参考依据。

, authors=

李思(1998—),女,硕士,研究方向:热带园艺植物开发与利用。

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* 王德立(WANG Deli),E-mail:
徐诗涛(XU Shitao),E-mail:
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李思(1998—),女,硕士,研究方向:热带园艺植物开发与利用。

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李思(1998—),女,硕士,研究方向:热带园艺植物开发与利用。

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of fungi in rhizosphere soil samples of A. sinensis before and after agarwood induction in different planting areas, figureFileSmall=VgTRm8j031I6Xwppk/X+WQ==, figureFileBig=wlgHCS1duubjTHhdL1rkww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242078790816669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤样品真菌OTU分析, figureFileSmall=VgTRm8j031I6Xwppk/X+WQ==, figureFileBig=wlgHCS1duubjTHhdL1rkww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242078845342622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Relative abundance of fungal community composition at phylum level, figureFileSmall=mblxLWHW+fWYeBB+8+mtiA==, figureFileBig=DPO8WHrnq9T5TRngQji0Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242078916645791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=图3, 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figureFileBig=f8T7OovST0gY2QLUQo4EcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277242079340270502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Basic information of rhizosphere soil samples of A. sinensis before and after Agarwood induction in different planting areas

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称Sample name样品代号Sample codes地点Place经纬度Longitude/latitude海拔Elevation/m树龄Age/a结香日期Date of agarwood induction采样日期Date of sampling
乐东结香LDJX乐东抱伦109°05′E, 18°62′N209102020-05-152021-12-23
乐东未结香LDWJX
文山结香WSJX海口文山110°33′E, 19°75′N15
文山未结香WSWJX
临高结香LGJX临高东光109°58′E, 19 80′N98
临高未结香LGWJX
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079419962279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤样品采集基本信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称Sample name样品代号Sample codes地点Place经纬度Longitude/latitude海拔Elevation/m树龄Age/a结香日期Date of agarwood induction采样日期Date of sampling
乐东结香LDJX乐东抱伦109°05′E, 18°62′N209102020-05-152021-12-23
乐东未结香LDWJX
文山结香WSJX海口文山110°33′E, 19°75′N15
文山未结香WSWJX
临高结香LGJX临高东光109°58′E, 19 80′N98
临高未结香LGWJX
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079487071144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Alpha diversity analysis of rhizosphere soil fungal of A. sinensis before and after agarwood induction in different planting areas

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品代号Sample codesChaol指数Chaol index辛普森指数Simpson index香农-威纳指数Shannnon-wiener index谱系多样性PD_whole_ tree index
LDJX8320.9787.258103.251
LDWJX10010.9797.520118.885
LGJX2430.9505.76739.423
LGWJX4140.9335.37756.084
WSJX3420.9325.21546.143
WSWJX2840.9335.36354.783
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079558374313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌alpha多样性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品代号Sample codesChaol指数Chaol index辛普森指数Simpson index香农-威纳指数Shannnon-wiener index谱系多样性PD_whole_ tree index
LDJX8320.9787.258103.251
LDWJX10010.9797.520118.885
LGJX2430.9505.76739.423
LGWJX4140.9335.37756.084
WSJX3420.9325.21546.143
WSWJX2840.9335.36354.783
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079629677482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Basic physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis before and after agarwood induction in different planting areas

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndexLDJXLDWJXWSJXWSWJXLGJXLGWJX
pH5.48±0.74a5.13±0.21ab4.33±0.15bcd4.12±0.23d4.85±0.12abc4.21±0.36cd
有机质/(g·kg-1)18.30±1.79b23.30±4.45b25.80±5.04b13.70±1.05b47.00±9.68a55.17±15.77a
全氮/(g·kg-1)0.49±0.009c0.48±0.002c0.45±0.006d0.42±0.007e0.76±0.009b0.82±0.006a
全磷/(g·kg-1)0.64±0.08c0.72±0.06c2.83±0.26b3.95±0.37a0.85±0.19c0.73±0.05c
有效氮/(mg·kg-1)46.28±3.37b48.61±0.67b40.83±2.33c20.61±1.78d67.67±1.17a68.06±5.26a
有效磷/(mg·kg-1)0.72±0.10c0.84±0.13c0.89±0.08c0.08±0.01d8.49±0.34a7.62±0.23a
速效钾/(mg·kg-1)138.74±4.31b90.26±3.00bc132.87±21.17b120.19±10.48b164.87±4.30c174.10±32.15a
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079700980651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤基本理化性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndexLDJXLDWJXWSJXWSWJXLGJXLGWJX
pH5.48±0.74a5.13±0.21ab4.33±0.15bcd4.12±0.23d4.85±0.12abc4.21±0.36cd
有机质/(g·kg-1)18.30±1.79b23.30±4.45b25.80±5.04b13.70±1.05b47.00±9.68a55.17±15.77a
全氮/(g·kg-1)0.49±0.009c0.48±0.002c0.45±0.006d0.42±0.007e0.76±0.009b0.82±0.006a
全磷/(g·kg-1)0.64±0.08c0.72±0.06c2.83±0.26b3.95±0.37a0.85±0.19c0.73±0.05c
有效氮/(mg·kg-1)46.28±3.37b48.61±0.67b40.83±2.33c20.61±1.78d67.67±1.17a68.06±5.26a
有效磷/(mg·kg-1)0.72±0.10c0.84±0.13c0.89±0.08c0.08±0.01d8.49±0.34a7.62±0.23a
速效钾/(mg·kg-1)138.74±4.31b90.26±3.00bc132.87±21.17b120.19±10.48b164.87±4.30c174.10±32.15a
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079768089516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Pearson correlation analysis of fungi diversity index and physicochemical properties characters of rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis in different planting areas

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理化指标Physicochemical indexChaol指数Chaol index辛普森指数Simpson index香农-威纳指数Shannnon-wiener indexPD_whole_tree指数PD_whole_tree index
pH0.677**0.674**0.514*0.508*
速效钾–0.213–0.2610.0280.043
全磷–0.597**–0.617**–0.507*–0.456
全氮–0.250–0.136–0.304–0.354
有效氮0.0640.116–0.007–0.054
有效磷–0.332–0.203–0.428–0.473*
有机质–0.337–0.262–0.350–0.397
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079839392685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同种植区白木香根际土壤真菌群多样性指数与理化性质的Pearson相关分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理化指标Physicochemical indexChaol指数Chaol index辛普森指数Simpson index香农-威纳指数Shannnon-wiener indexPD_whole_tree指数PD_whole_tree index
pH0.677**0.674**0.514*0.508*
速效钾–0.213–0.2610.0280.043
全磷–0.597**–0.617**–0.507*–0.456
全氮–0.250–0.136–0.304–0.354
有效氮0.0640.116–0.007–0.054
有效磷–0.332–0.203–0.428–0.473*
有机质–0.337–0.262–0.350–0.397
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079914890158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Dominant fungal genera correlation analysis with physicochemical properties of inter-rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
优势真菌属Dominant fungal generapH有机质OM/(g·kg-1)全氮TN/(g·kg-1)碱解氮AN/(mg·kg-1)全磷TP/(g·kg-1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg-1)速效钾AK/(mg·kg-1)
子囊菌属Ascomycota0.813*–0.0010.0940.404–0.7940.050–0.465
漆斑菌属Myrothecium–0.432–0.092–0.138–0.3460.7220.040–0.265
座囊菌属c-Dothideomycetes–0.162–0.841*–0.935**–0.843*0.648–0.890*–0.154
枝孢属Cladosporium–0.636–0.473–0.622–0.7310.913*–0.5460.158
小不整球壳属Plectosphaerella–0.4750.866*0.864*0.614–0.2390.8070.431
f__Didymellaceae0.3250.7370.832*0.867*–0.880*0.7380.049
球腔菌属f__Mycosphaerellaceae–0.566–0.605–0.690–0.862*0.986**–0.5950.030
粪壳菌属c__Sordariomycetes0.1600.7950.825*0.830*–0.5290.906*–0.426
肉座菌属o__Hypocreales–0.2870.886*0.890*0.735–0.4610.7940.477
支顶孢属Acremonium–0.4840.7880.7720.548–0.2410.6740.600
), ArticleFig(id=1277242079981999023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276190706288955622, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

优势真菌属与白木香根际土壤理化性质相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
优势真菌属Dominant fungal generapH有机质OM/(g·kg-1)全氮TN/(g·kg-1)碱解氮AN/(mg·kg-1)全磷TP/(g·kg-1)有效磷AP/(mg·kg-1)速效钾AK/(mg·kg-1)
子囊菌属Ascomycota0.813*–0.0010.0940.404–0.7940.050–0.465
漆斑菌属Myrothecium–0.432–0.092–0.138–0.3460.7220.040–0.265
座囊菌属c-Dothideomycetes–0.162–0.841*–0.935**–0.843*0.648–0.890*–0.154
枝孢属Cladosporium–0.636–0.473–0.622–0.7310.913*–0.5460.158
小不整球壳属Plectosphaerella–0.4750.866*0.864*0.614–0.2390.8070.431
f__Didymellaceae0.3250.7370.832*0.867*–0.880*0.7380.049
球腔菌属f__Mycosphaerellaceae–0.566–0.605–0.690–0.862*0.986**–0.5950.030
粪壳菌属c__Sordariomycetes0.1600.7950.825*0.830*–0.5290.906*–0.426
肉座菌属o__Hypocreales–0.2870.886*0.890*0.735–0.4610.7940.477
支顶孢属Acremonium–0.4840.7880.7720.548–0.2410.6740.600
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不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌群落结构与理化因子相关性分析
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李思 1, 2 , 王德立 1, * , 徐诗涛 2, * , 张梦真 3 , 李慧婷 2
热带作物学报 | 农业生态与环境保护 2024,45(5): 1061-1071
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热带作物学报 |农业生态与环境保护 2024 , 45 (5) : 1061 -1071
不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌群落结构与理化因子相关性分析
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李思(1998—),女,硕士,研究方向:热带园艺植物开发与利用。

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李思(1998—),女,硕士,研究方向:热带园艺植物开发与利用。

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李思1, 2, 王德立1, * , 徐诗涛2, * , 张梦真3, 李慧婷2
作者信息
  • 1.中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南海口 570311
  • 2.海南大学园艺学院,海南海口 570228
  • 3.海南梨香缘农林科技有限公司,海南乐东 572543
通讯作者:
* 王德立(WANG Deli),E-mail:
徐诗涛(XU Shitao),E-mail:
Correlation Analysis of Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure and Physicochemical in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) spreng. Before and After Agarwood Induction in Different Planting Areas
Si LI1, 2, Deli WANG1, * , Shitao XU2, * , Mengzhen ZHANG3, Huiting LI2
Affiliations
  • 1.Hainan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
  • 2.College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 3.Hainan Lixiangyuan Agroforestry Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Ledong, Hainan 572543, China
出版时间: 2024-05-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.021
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通过分析不同种植地白木香结香与未结香的根际真菌种群,了解白木香结香前后根际微生物变化规律,为白木香制定合理栽培措施提供参考依据。采用高通量测序技术和生物信息学手段对海南省3个样地(海口文山、临高东光、乐东抱伦)白木香结香前后根际土壤和真菌的多样性及群落结构进行分析,并结合冗余分析阐明白木香结香前后土壤理化性质与真菌群落的相关性。结果表明:3个产地共获得3 697 288条ITS序列,隶属于3个种植区,共获得1界2门12纲25目42科55属62种。样地内结香前后真菌群落和多样性差异性不大,但优势种群丰度存在差异;样地间存在显著差异。白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌丰富度和多样性上从高到低依次呈现为:LDWJX>LDJX>LGJX>LGWJX>WSWJX>WSJX。白木香根际土壤样品真菌物种组成丰富,不同地区白木香根际未结香和结香后土壤真菌群落组成、分类单元的相对丰度及优势分类单元皆存在不同程度差异。在群落结构上,3个产地的优势菌群均存在差异;在门水平上,3个种植区共有的优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota);在纲水平上,文山优势纲为座囊菌纲(Dothideomycetes),临高优势纲为粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycete),乐东优势纲为子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes);在属水平上,文山优势属为子囊菌属(p__Ascomycota),临高优势属为漆斑菌属(Myrothecium),乐东优势属为座囊菌属(c__Dothideomycetes)。通过对3个种植区白木香根际土壤理化性质与白木香根际真菌的主要菌属进行相关性分析发现,土壤表面pH、有机质、碱解氮、全氮、全磷、有效磷对白木香根际土壤中主要真菌群落有显著影响,表明通过调节土壤养分水平来改变白木香土壤真菌群落组成和遗传多样性。该研究结果对真菌水平上改良土壤和白木香土壤质量评价具有指导意义,也为今后海南省白木香产区的施肥策略提供参考依据。

白木香  /  根际土壤  /  真菌多样性  /  理化性质  /  相关性

In this experiment, we analyzed the rhizosphere fungal populations of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng. in different planting areas, and understood the change pattern of the rhizosphere microorganisms before and after agarwood induction, providing a reference basis for the formulation of reasonable cultivation measures for A. sinensis. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the diversity and community structure of the rhizosphere soil and fungi of A. sinensis in three sample sites of Hainan province (Wenshan in Haikou, Dongguang in Lingao, and Baolun in Ledong) before and after agarwood induction, the correlation between soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities before and after agarwood induction was also clarified by redundancy analysis. The results indicated that a total of 3 697 288 ITS sequences belonging to 1 kingdom, 2 Phylum, 12 classes, 9 orders, 24 families, 55 genera, 62 species were obtained from the three planting areas. There was little variability in the fungal communities and diversity before and after agarwood induction in the sample plot, but there was significant differences in the abundance of dominant population. The Shannon diversity index of the rhizosphere soil fungi of A. sinensis before and after agarwood induction ranged from high to low: LDWJX>LDJX>LGJX>LGWJX>WSWJX>WSJX. The fungal species composition of the rhizosphere soil samples of A. sinensis was rich. There were differences in the soil fungal community composition, the relative abundance of taxonomic units and the dominant taxonomic units in the rhizosphere of A. sinensis before and after Agarwood induction in different planting areas. In terms of community structure, there were differences in the dominant populations among the three planting areas; at the Phylum level, the common dominant Phyla in the three cultivation areas were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota; at the Class level, the dominant Class in Wenshan was Dothideomycetes, In Lingao the dominant Class was Sordariomycete, In Ledong the dominant Class was Ascomycetes; at the genus level, the dominant genus in Wenshan was p__Ascomycota, in Lingao was Myrothecium, and in Ledong was c__Dothideomycetes. By correlating the physicochemical properties of the inter-rhizosphere soil with the major genera of inter-rhizosphere fungi of A. sinensis in three growing areas, it was found that soil pH, organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, effective phosphorus had significant effects on most of the major fungi in the inter-rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis. The results of this study are of guiding significance for the improvement of soil at the fungal level and the evaluation of soil quality of A. sinensis, and also provide a reference basis for the future fertilization strategies of A. sinensis planting areas in Hainan province.

Aquilaria sinensis  /  rhizosphere soil  /  fungal diversity  /  physicochemical properties  /  correlation
李思, 王德立, 徐诗涛, 张梦真, 李慧婷. 不同种植区白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌群落结构与理化因子相关性分析. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (5) : 1061 -1071 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.021
Si LI, Deli WANG, Shitao XU, Mengzhen ZHANG, Huiting LI. Correlation Analysis of Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure and Physicochemical in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) spreng. Before and After Agarwood Induction in Different Planting Areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (5) : 1061 -1071 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.021
根际土壤微生物与植物生长关系极为密切,其数量和种类对植物养分循环非常重要。一方面,土壤微生物能够促进植物生长,影响植物根系发育,抑制和减轻植物病虫害的发生;另一方面,土壤微生物也是陆地生态系统的重要生物驱动力之一[1],在促进土壤生态平衡发展中发挥重要作用[2]。诸多研究发现,土壤特性、植被类型和土壤微生物有显著相关性[3-4],而真菌是土壤微生物的主要成员,是土壤中的分解者,能够分解土壤中的有机物,提供植物所需要的养分,降解土壤中的植物残体[5]。部分土壤真菌还可以提高植物的抗逆性,维持植物的正常生长,改善土壤的结构[6]
白木香[Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Spreng.]为热带及亚热带常绿乔木,是我国珍稀药用植物也是我国唯一沉香基源植物[7]。白木香是海南省珍贵的乡土树种之一,该植物喜光,适宜较湿润的环境[8-11]。沉香是白木香受伤后形成的含有树脂的木材,其形成的过程非常复杂。国内外对沉香树的结香做了很多研究,认为沉香的形成是树干受到伤害被真菌侵染,真菌的代谢产物使木材薄壁细胞的淀粉粒发生生物化学变化,形成脂类,不断沉积而形成沉香[12-13]。王东光等[14]检测20种真菌对白木香树体挥发油成分的影响结果发现,龙眼焦腐病菌(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)、斑点青霉(Penicillium melengrinum)、青霉病病原菌(P. italicum)、黑绿木霉(Trichoderma atrowiride)、拟康木霉(T. koningiopsis)、腐皮镰孢(Fusarium solani)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria nhodina)共7种真菌菌液处理的白木香树乙醇浸出物的质量分数超过10%,其他13种真菌效果不明显。韩晓敏等[15]采用气质联用仪(GC-MS)对可可毛色二孢菌PDA发酵液进行检测,发酵液中检测到茉莉酸类化合物(JAS)并能诱导白木香愈伤产生沉香倍半萜。有国外研究者对沉香树的结香部位进行分离,发现分离到的真菌种类较多,包括色二孢菌(Diplodia spp.)、曲霉(Aspergillus spp.)、砖红镰孢(Fusarium laseritum)、可球二孢菌(Botryodiplodia theobromae)等,并认为它们与沉香的形成有显著的关系[16-20]。在国内,也有学者[21]分离出黄绿墨耳菌(Melanotus flavolivens)。邹欣涛等[22]对白木香结香前后内生真菌的多样性研究发现,在白木香结香过程中,结香后内生真菌种群显著增加,但优势种群不明显,并推测,白木香结香与宿主具共生关系的内生菌也随之发生动态变化。张苗苗[23]研究发现白木香结香过程中内生真菌可能有复杂的规律性,而不是简单的线性关系,其结香部位的菌群非常丰富且结构复杂。因此在生态系统的恢复中,真菌群落的变化是一个关键性指标。LIU等[24]基于全球土壤调查的研究表明,关键真菌群的多样性增加了全球范围内生态系统的稳定性,以及植物生产力对极端干旱事件的抵抗力和恢复力。CHEN等[25]对土壤真菌和细菌的多样性进行分析,结果表明土壤真菌在调控植物群落结构和功能中具有重要的作用。
目前,国内外对沉香树内生真菌多样性及微生物多样性的研究报道较多,而关于沉香树根际土壤真菌研究极少。CHAIYASEN等[26]对泰国种植地沉香根部及土壤中分布了丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi,AM)真菌群,对其研究后发现该真菌群同时也出现在了珍贵树种柚木(Tectona grandis L.f.)中。孙静怡[27]对广州虫漏沉香进行分析,结果发现不同生境虫漏沉香土壤中的真菌分布有显著差异,跟沉香中倍半萜类化合物与优势菌种中的青霉属(Penicillium spp.)菌呈极显著正相关,色酮类含量与真菌Alpha(α)指数均呈显著正相关,提示土壤真菌物种越丰富,可能越有利于虫漏沉香中色酮类成分的形成。NI MNOI等[28]对沉香树根际放线菌群落研究表明,放线菌群落与采样点相对应,表明土壤特征和当地气候条件是决定沉香树根际放线菌群落的主要因素。通过上述对土壤微生物真菌群落的研究表明,不同的地理环境对沉香树的结香质量具有一定的影响,但目前关于不同种植地白木香结香前后根际土壤真菌群落多样性和理化性质,及其相关性的研究尚无系统全面的论述。
因此,发掘不同产地白木香生长与根际土壤微生物群落结构和土壤理化性状的差异及相关关系,促进其良好生长,并比较结香前后的差异非常必要。本研究以海南3个不同种植区的白木香结香前后根际土壤为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术对不同种植区白木香根际土壤真菌群落结构进行分析,并比较不同种植地白木香结香前后根际微生物的差异;测定根际土壤理化指标(pH、有机质、全氮、全磷、有效氮、有效磷、速效钾),并比较不同种植区之间的差异;将不同种植区的白木香根际土壤微生物与土壤理化指标进行相关性分析,并对比结香前后的差异。本研究将为白木香根际微生物互作、土壤理化性状、结香、水肥管理等研究提供科学数据。
3个白木香试验样地分别位于海南省海口文山村、临高东光农场、乐东抱伦农场,均采用微创结香技术造香,采样点具体概况如表1所示。
采用“S”路线采样方法,在3个种植区内随机选取18棵白木香树,即每个种植区随机选取9棵已结香和9棵未结香的树,均采集10~20 cm范围内耕作层土壤,将各种植区结香的和未结香土壤样品分别充分混匀。每3株土壤样品混合为1份,每个处理3个重复,每个重复随机采集3个点,共采集18份白木香根际土壤,过2 mm筛后阴干备用,用作土壤理化性质的分析。另外一部分土壤,轻轻抖落附着在根系上的土壤装入在无菌袋中,采样记录后立即放入低温保温冰盒,于–80℃低温冰箱保存,用于土壤真菌群落高通量测序分析。
土壤养分含量测定方法参照《土壤农化分析》[29],其中,采用pH计(DELTA 320)测定pH;采用重铬酸钾容量法测定有机质;采用凯氏定氮法测定全氮;碱解扩散法测定碱解氮;采用高氯酸-硫酸法测定土壤全磷;采用碳酸氢钠-浸提-钼锑抗比色法测定有效磷;采用原子吸收分光光度计测定速效钾。
采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵法(CTAB法)对各地区白木香根际土壤微生物组样本进行总DNA提取,并通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA提取质量,同时采用紫外分光光度计对DNA进行定量分析[30]。PCR反应体系:12.5 μL Phusion Hot start flex 2X Master Mix,正反引物2.5 μL,基因组总DNA 50 ng,加入ddH2O至反应体系为25 μL[31]。PCR扩增引物为扩增真菌ITS1区的特异性引物(ITS86F: 5′-GTGAATCATCGAATCTTT-GAA-3′)和(ITS4R: 5′-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3′)。PCR反应条件:98 ℃ 40 s,98 ℃ 10 s,54 ℃ 30 s,35个循环;72 ℃ 10 min。接着进行35个循环,54 ℃退火30 s,循环结束后72 ℃最终延伸10 min,每个样本重复3次,PCR扩增产物通过2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行检测,采用AMPure XT beads回收试剂盒。对纯化后的PCR产物使用Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100(Agilent,CA,USA)和Illumina(Kapa Biosciences,Woburn,MA,USA)的文库定量试剂盒进行评估,合格的文库浓度应在2 nmol/L以上。将合格的样品上机测序,根据所需测序量按相应比例混合,并经NaOH变性为单链进行上机测序;使用NovaSeq 6000测序仪进行2×150 bp的双端测序,使用的试剂为NovaSeq 6000 SP Reagent Kit(500 cycles)。
使用Cutadapt v1.9软件对测序得到的Raw Reads进行过滤;使用fqtrim软件进行引物序列的识别与去除,得到不包含引物序列的高质量Reads;通过Vsearch v2.3.4软件重叠对每个样品高质量的Reads进行拼接,得到的拼接序列即Clean Reads;基于得到的ASV(feature)特征序列和丰度表格进行alpha多样性分析和beta多样性分析。采用Excel、DPS软件进行数据分析和SPSS 20.0软件进行多重比较和相关性分析,利用Canoco 5软件冗余分析研究土壤理化指标,并对真菌群落进行相关性分析。
通过对18个土壤样品进行高通量测序获得序列经过数据的优化、拼接、过滤和质控后,共获得优质ITS序列3 697 288条,平均每个样品205 404条,平均长度约为255 bp。从图1可知,Rishness稀释趋于平缓,表明数据能够准确反映样本真菌群落结构的组成。
图2可知,3个种植区结香和未结香共有54个OTU。乐东结香和未结香、文山结香和未结香、临高结香和未结香特有的OTU分别为588、866、198、190、168、392。从高至低依次为:LDWJX>LDJX>LGWJX>WSJX>WSWJX>LGJX。
通过对3个种植区白木香结香前后根际土真菌群落的丰富度和多样性进行分析,得到物种丰度指数(Chaol index)、辛普森指数(Simpson index)、香农-威纳多样性指数(Shannnon-wiener index)、谱系多样性指数(PD_ whole_tree index),共4个指数见表2,其中Chao1指数常用来估计物种总数;辛普森指数和香农-威纳多样性指数用于衡量物种多样性,指数值越大,说明样品的物种丰度和多样性越高。谱系多样性指数则基于OTU序列进化树的系统发育特征,评估多样性程度,即谱系多样性。Chao1指数和谱系多样性指数从高到低顺序为:LDWJX>LDJX>LGWJX>WSJX>WSWJX>LGJX。3个种植区中,辛普森指数和香农-威纳多样性指数从高到低顺序为:LDWJX>LDJX>LGJX>LGWJX>WSWJX>WSJX。以上结果均表明,乐东样地结香前和结香后的真菌群落多样性最大,文山样地白木香根际土壤真菌群落最小。
通过对不同种植区白木香结香前后土壤真菌群落门和纲水平分析发现,其群落组成和优势分类单位相对丰度存在差异(图3)。同一种植区白木香结香前后优势种群差异不显著,但是优势种群丰度存在差异。在门水平上,3个不同种植区的主要优势门为子囊菌亚门(Ascomycota 45.93%,49.02%)和担子菌亚门(Basidiomycota 4.07%,0.98%)。在纲水平上(图4),海口文山优势纲依次为座囊菌纲(Dothideomycetes 9.22%,9.05%)、粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes 4.57%,5.01%)、子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes 1.87%,1.61%)、酵母纲(Saccharomycetes 0.49%,0.64%)、伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes 0.22%,0.11%)、p__ Basidiomycota,c_unclassfied(0.17%,0.10%)等。临高优势纲依次为粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes 7.24%,9.57%)、子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes 5.75%,3.28%)、座囊菌纲(Dothideomycetes 3.25%,3.50%)、p__Basidiomycota,c_unclassfied(0.24%,0.13%)、散囊菌纲(Eurotiomycetes 0.09%,0.14%)、酵母纲(Saccharomycetes 0.04%,0.02%)等。乐东优势纲依次为子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes 6.54%,8.18%)、座囊菌纲(Dothideomycetes 3.84%,5.87%)、粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes 2.66%,1.96%)、伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes 2.00%,0.28%)、p__Basidiomycota,c_unclassfied(1.36%,0.24%)、散囊菌纲(Eurotiomycetes 0.19%,0.06%)等。
不同种植区白木香结香前后土壤真菌群落组成在属水平上,其群落组成和优势分类单位的相对丰度存在差异(图5),相同种植区优势群落的相对丰度存在差异。海南文山优势属依次为子囊菌属(p__Ascomycota 9.22%,9.05%)、漆斑菌属(Myrothecium 4.57%,5.01%)、座囊菌属(c__Dothideomycetes 1.87%,1.61%)、f__Didymellaceae(0.49%,0.64%)、枝孢属(Cladosporium 0.22%,0.11%)、小不整球壳属(Plectosphaerella 0.17%,0.10%)。临高优势属依次为漆斑菌属(Myrothecium 7.24%,9.57%)、座囊菌属(c__Dothideomycetes 3.25%,3.50%)、子囊菌属(p__Ascomycota 5.75%,3.28%)、小不整球壳属(Plectosphaerella 0.24%,0.13%)、球腔菌属(f__ Mycosphaerellaceae 0.12%,0.14%)、f__Didymellaceae(0.04%,0.02%)等。乐东优势属依次为座囊菌属(c__Dothideomycetes 6.54%,8.18%)、子囊菌属(p__Ascomycota 3.84%,5.87%)、漆斑菌属(Myrothecium 2.66%,1.96%)、枝孢属(Cladosporium 2.00%,0.28%)、小不整球壳属(Plectosphaerella 1.36%,0.24%)等。
图6为PCoA分析结果,其中PCoA1和PCoA2分别为41.44%和34.67%。同一种植区白木香结香前后真菌群差异性不大,但不同种植区间菌群具有显著性差异;样地间存在显著差异,WSJX和WSWJX,LDJX和LDWJX,LGJX和LGWJX之间距离最近,距离越近说明物种组成结构越接近,表明同一种植区菌群相似性特别高,菌群组成差异小。3个不同种植区的真菌群落形成了各自独立的区域,菌群结构存在可区分的差异。
对3个不同种植区的白木香结香前后根际土壤研究发现(表3),3个采样点的土壤大量元素含量存在差异。不同种植区之间,临高种植区全氮、有效氮、有效磷、有机质的含量显著高于乐东和文山;文山种植区全磷、速效钾含量最高。乐东种植pH高于文山和临高。同一种植区内,乐东样地结香速效钾含量高于未结香,文山样地结香有机质、有效氮含量高于未结香,乐东未结香中的有效磷含量高于结香,同一区域的同一元素含量变化趋势相似。3个样地土壤均为酸性,土壤pH的范围为4.12~5.48,由高到低依次为LDJX>LDWJX>LGJX>WSJX>LGWJX>>WSWJX。
表4可知,pH与香农-威纳指数、辛普森指数、物种丰度指数(Chao1 index)、谱系多样性呈显著或极显著正相关;全磷与香农-威纳指数和辛普森指数呈显著负相关(P<0.05)与物种丰度指数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);有效磷与谱系多样性呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。表明pH、全磷等土壤理化指标对白木香根际土壤主要真菌种群丰度和多样性的影响比较显著。
对3个种植区白木香根际土壤理化性质与根际真菌的主要菌门属进行相关性分析(表5)表明,pH、有机质、碱解氮、全氮、全磷、有效磷含量对根际土壤中主要真菌属有影响。pH与子囊菌属呈显著正相关;有机质与座囊菌属呈显著负相关,与小不整球壳属、肉座菌属呈正相关;全氮与座囊菌属呈负相关,与小不整球壳属、f__Didymellaceae、粪壳菌属、肉座菌属呈正相关;碱解氮与座囊菌属、球腔菌属呈负相关,与f__Didymellaceae、粪壳菌属呈正相关;全磷与枝孢属、球腔菌属呈正相关,与f__Didymellaceae呈负相关;有效磷与座囊菌属呈负相关,与粪壳菌属呈正相关。
通过比较白木香不同种植区之间的土壤理化性质研究发现,不同种植区之间存在显著差异,而结香前后并无明显差异。白木香喜欢偏酸性的土壤,3个种植地pH均在4.21~5.58,含量从高至低依次为:乐东>文山>临高。其中有机质的含量从高至低依次为:临高>乐东>文山。临高种植区全氮、有效氮、有效磷、有机质的含量显著高于乐东和文山;文山种植区全磷、速效钾含量最高,显著高于乐东和临高样地。乐东种植区pH、速效钾高于文山和临高。王龙仁等[32]探讨了人工结香初期营养代谢变化规律,分析了结香前后白木香叶片和土壤中大量元素氮、磷、钾和微量元素含量变化,结果表明,环境因子与结香关系密切,其中土壤因子交换性钙、交换性镁与沉香特征性成分呈不同程度负相关。马惠芬等[33]对白木香结香质量与环境因子的关系进行了研究,结果表明结香质量相关性较高的因子为pH、交换性钙和镁。本次研究表明不同种植地的环境因子对白木香根际土壤理化性质影响较大。
本研究中,白木香根际土壤样品真菌物种组成丰富,不同种植区白木香根际土壤真菌群落组成、分类单元的相对丰度及优势分类单元受环境条件的影响均存在不同程度差异。在门水平上,担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和子囊菌门(Ascomyota)为优势真菌菌群,其中子囊菌门占比为94.95%,担子菌门为5.05%。潘争艳等[34]对辽宁省14种药用植物根际土壤真菌研究也发现,子囊菌门在药用植物根际真菌中的种类和丰度较高,说明子囊菌门真菌适应性广泛,在不同的生境条件下均有分布。也有研究者发现子囊菌门能够产生大量的分生孢子,无性繁殖能力强,增长迅速,所以在数量上占有明显的优势,其次子囊菌门群落主要由腐生菌构成,而腐生菌可以为土壤中的植物提供养分,是土壤养分循环过程中的重要真菌[35]。担子菌门可与植物共生形成菌根[36],可增强植株抗性。在属水平上,3个种植区优势属和丰度之间存在差异,文山优势属为子囊菌属(p__Ascomycota),临高优势属为漆斑菌属(Myrothecium),乐东优势属为座囊菌属(c__Dothideomycetes)。
本研究结果表明pH、有机质、碱解氮、全氮、全磷、有效磷含量对根际土壤中大多数主要真菌属有影响。其中,全磷与根际土壤丰富度指数和多样性指数均呈显著负相关,这可能是由于磷是微生物细胞结构的重要组成元素,从而导致微生物表现出对磷养分的依赖。CLEVELAND等[37]在热带雨林里也发现土壤磷含量是影响土壤微生物群落结构的主要因子。但ŠMILAUER[38]认为土壤磷与真菌群落结构或多样性并无显著相关性是相互矛盾的,可能与试验地土壤条件和管理等因素有关,具体因素有待进一步探究。土壤pH也是影响真菌群落结构组成的重要环境因子,对土壤真菌的生长繁殖具有显著影响[39];pH能够影响土壤中化合物形态,进而影响土壤微生物对养分的吸收利用,最终影响土壤真菌群落[40]。本研究的6组土样的pH在4.0~5.5之间,呈酸性,pH与小不整球壳属呈负相关,与红耳属呈正相关。因此,作为植物与土壤的沟通桥梁,真菌群落结构必然会受到植物和土壤环境因子的直接或间接的影响。其中C/N是影响真菌群落的重要因素。有机质与座囊菌属呈显著负相关,与小不整球壳属、肉座菌属呈正相关;全氮与座囊菌属呈负相关,与小不整球壳属、f__Didymellaceae、粪壳菌属、肉座菌属呈正相关;碱解氮与座囊菌属和球腔菌属呈负相关,与f__Didymellaceae、粪壳菌属呈正相关。研究发现,临高样地的有机质和氮元素更丰富,从调查也发现,临高样地白木香的生长状况比其他2个种植地更好,表明C/N比值可能是影响白木香生长的一个关键因素。SRIVASTAVA等[41]研究也发现土壤C/N比值是影响真菌生长的主要因素,因为真菌的有机底物利用率较高,因此C/N比值高的土壤更有利于真菌的生长。因此,真菌群落结构作为连接植物和土壤的桥梁,必然受到植物和土壤环境因子的直接或间接影响。
通过对同一产地白木香结香前后研究发现,同一区域的土壤元素含量和真菌群落的变化趋势相似,表现出同增或同减的趋势,但在属水平上,结香后样品在属水平上分类单位的相对丰度均小于未结香,推测在结香过程中树木受到了一定的创伤和激素的影响,降低了其土壤真菌的多样性与丰富度;有研究表明,植物受到伤害后病原菌大量积累,有益菌群数量逐渐降低,最终导致群落整体水平降低[42]。宋杰等[43]的研究结果发现,不同生境条件下,相同品种结香部位真菌群落结构存在显著差异,而相同生境条件下,同种白木香结香部位非常相似,表明不同环境因子会对真菌群落造成一定的影响。王冉等[44]对我国野生土沉香的4个分布区(海南屯昌、广东陆河、广东东莞、海南临高)的土壤特性及营养进行分析,结果表明,不同种植区的同一土层土壤理化性质有显著差异(P<0.05),而相同种植区之间土壤差异不大。
  • 海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(321RC482)
  • 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY160)
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2024年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.021
  • 接收时间:2022-09-28
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2024-05-25
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出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-28
  • 修回日期:2023-03-30
基金
海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(321RC482)
海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY160)
作者信息
    1.中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南海口 570311
    2.海南大学园艺学院,海南海口 570228
    3.海南梨香缘农林科技有限公司,海南乐东 572543

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* 王德立(WANG Deli),E-mail:
徐诗涛(XU Shitao),E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.05.021
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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