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Article(id=1277330186504897119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277330185204666919, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.03.010, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1670169600000, receivedDateStr=2022-12-05, revisedDate=1673366400000, revisedDateStr=2023-01-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782468848109, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1711296000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782468848109, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782468848109, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782468848109, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277330185204666919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='443', pageEnd='652', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1711296000000', pubDateStr='2024-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1782468847800, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782468948575, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277330607961150151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277330185204666919, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277330607961150152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277330185204666919, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=524, endPage=532, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277330186991436385, articleId=1277330186504897119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Quality Evaluation of Eight Ginseng Fruit Varieties (Lines), columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The fruit quality of different varieties (lines) of cultivated ginseng fruit in Shilin county was tested and evaluated to provide guidance for the development of ginseng fruit industry. Seven fruit quality indexes of soluble sugar, soluble protein, soluble solid, mineral elements, vitamin C, cellulose and amino acid were determined by using eight main ginseng fruit varieties (lines) of Dayuangguo, Yuangguo No. 1, Yuangguo No. 2, Yuangguo No. 3, Shiyou No. 1, Shiyou No. 2, Shiyou No. 3 and Ruiyu cultivated in the field of Shilin county. By multiple comparison of quality indexes of Panax ginseng fruit, it was found that the content of soluble sugar in Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, while that in Dayuanguo and Yuanguo No. 3 was the lowest; The soluble protein content of Shiyou No. 2 was the highest, and that of Shiyou No. 1 and Ruiyu was the lowest; The content of soluble solids of Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, while that of big round fruit was the lowest; Shiyou No. 3 has the highest content of vitamin C and Yuanguo No. 3 has the lowest content; The crude fiber content of Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, and that of Shiyou No. 1 was the lowest; The content of trace elements in Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, while that in Yuanguo No. 3 was the lowest; The amino acid content of big round fruit was the highest, and that of Shiyou No. 2 was the lowest. There were significant correlations between the quality indicators of different varieties (lines), among which soluble sugar and soluble solids were significantly correlated with each other (P<0.05). The principal component analysis of 6 quality indicators was carried out, and the cumulative contribution of the first three principal components reached 83.955%, which could reflect most of the information of the original quality index. The resulting comprehensive evaluation system was established to evaluate eight different varieties (lines) of ginseng fruit. In conclusion, the above eight ginseng fruit varieties (lines) all contain rich nutritional components, among which Yuanguo No. 2 has the best comprehensive quality, and can be selected as the parent material for the main variety or new germplasm creation.

, authors=Zichen ZHANG1, Yuying WANG1, Wanqiu ZHANG1, Quanhui WU2, Xinglong HUANG3, Qinghua ZHANG1, *, authorsList=Zichen ZHANG, Yuying WANG, Wanqiu ZHANG, Quanhui WU, Xinglong HUANG, Qinghua ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qinghua ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277330187838685795, articleId=1277330186504897119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=8个人参果品种（系）的果实品质评价, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

对石林县现有栽培人参果的不同品种（系）开展果实品质检测与评价分析，为人参果产业发展提供指导依据。以石林县大田栽培的大圆果、圆果1号、圆果2号、圆果3号、石优1号、石优2号、石优3号和瑞玉8个主栽的人参果品种（系）为试材，测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物、矿质元素、维生素C、纤维素和氨基酸7项果实品质指标，并对各项品质指标进行多重比较、相关性和主成分分析。果实品质指标多重比较结果显示：圆果2号的可溶性糖含量最高，大圆果和圆果3号的含量最低；石优2号的可溶性蛋白含量最高，石优1号和瑞玉含量最低；圆果2号的可溶性固形物含量最高，大圆果含量最低；石优3号维生素C含量最高，圆果3号含量最低；圆果2号的粗纤维含量最高，石优1号的含量最低；圆果2号的微量元素含量最高，圆果3号的含量最低；大圆果的氨基酸含量最高，石优2号的氨基酸含量最低。果实品质指标间的相关性分析结果显示：不同品种（系）的各品质指标之间存在相关性，其中可溶性糖和可溶性固形物彼此间存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。果实品质指标主成分分析提取了前3个主成分且累积贡献率达到83.955%，能够反映原品质指标的大部分信息。以提取主成分总的特征值之和中各主成分对应的特征值所占的比例作为权重，最终建立综合评价体系对8个不同品种（系）的人参果进行综合评价。综上，供试8个人参果品种（系）均含有丰富的营养成分，其中圆果2号综合品质最好，可优选作为主栽品种或新种质创制的亲本材料。

, authors=张子琛1, 王玉英1, 张晚秋1, 伍全会2, 黄兴龙3, 张青华1, *, authorsList=张子琛, 王玉英, 张晚秋, 伍全会, 黄兴龙, 张青华, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张青华, authorNote=

张子琛（1998—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：园林植物与观赏园艺。

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* 张青华（ZHANG Qinghua），E-mail：。
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张子琛（1998—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：园林植物与观赏园艺。

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张子琛（1998—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：园林植物与观赏园艺。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of boron, zinc, and molybdenum on fruit quality and mineral nutrition content of blueberry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277382041721282618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=61, authorNames=许倩倩, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许倩倩. 香瓜茄有效成分分离纯化及其活性研究[D]. 上海: 上海海洋大学, 2018., articleTitle=香瓜茄有效成分分离纯化及其活性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277382043390615611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=62, authorNames=XU Q Q, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Q Q. Study on the separation and activity of active components from Solanum muricatum[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Ocean University, 2018. 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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of nutritional components of Solanum muricatum in Wuwei, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277382043755520062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=17, pageStart=135, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=65, authorNames=焦兴弘, journalName=中国农业信息, refType=null, unstructuredReference=焦兴弘. 天梯山人参果的营养价值[J]. 中国农业信息, 2013(17): 135., articleTitle=天梯山人参果的营养价值, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1277382043839406143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=17, pageStart=135, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=66, authorNames=JIAO X H, journalName=China Agricultural Informatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIAO X H. Nutritional value of Solanum muricatum in Tianti mountain[J]. China Agricultural Informatics, 2013(17): 135. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Nutritional value of Solanum muricatum in Tianti mountain, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1277382030967088125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省质量监督局人参果生产技术规程（地方标准项目）, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1277382017348182973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277382017364960190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, companyId=1277382017348182973, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277382017381737407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, companyId=1277382017348182973, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.云南农业大学园林园艺学院，云南昆明　650201)]), AuthorCompany(id=1277382017742447552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277382017755030465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, companyId=1277382017742447552, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Fuyuan Branch, Yunnan Agriculture Brodcast and Television School, Qujing, Yunnan 655500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277382017767613378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, companyId=1277382017742447552, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.云南省农业广播电视学校富源县分校，云南曲靖　655500)]), AuthorCompany(id=1277382017864082371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277382017872470980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, companyId=1277382017864082371, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Cash Crop Station of Shilin County, Kunming, Yunnan 652200, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1277382017880859589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, companyId=1277382017864082371, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.石林县经济作物站，云南昆明　652200)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1277382027141882861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Analysis of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, soluble solids, vitamin C and crude fibre of eight ginseng fruits (lines)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Cultivar可溶性糖Soluble sugar/(mg×kg-1)可溶性蛋白Soluble protein/(mg·kg-1)可溶性固形物Soluble solids/%维生素CVitamin C/(mg·kg-1)粗纤维Crude fibre/%
大圆果31 000.00±3000.00c4200.00±556.78bc8.10±0.46d610.00±30.41c0.40±0.04b
圆果1号81 900.00±1200.00a5200.00±888.82ab9.96±0.58bc510.00±30.79d0.21±0.01d
圆果2号85 900.00±3386.74a4500.00±264.58bc11.68±0.81a391.00±18.73e0.64±0.04a
圆果3号31 000.00±264.58c5700.00±793.73a8.40±0.66cd379.00±51.00e0.40±0.02b
石优1号34 000.00±360.56bc3500.00±360.56c9.70±0.56bcd689.00±26.06b0.40±0.02b
石优2号34 000.00±871.78bc5800.00±624.50a9.00±0.59bcd539.00±32.70d0.20±0.03d
石优3号36 000.00±2451.53bc4200.00±800.00bc10.50±1.35ab752.00±38.22a0.30±0.01c
瑞玉40 000.00±2475.88b3500.00±264.58c8.70±1.60cd516.00±33.65d0.30±0.02c
), ArticleFig(id=1277382027481621486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

8个人参果品种（系）可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物、维生素C以及粗纤维分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Cultivar可溶性糖Soluble sugar/(mg×kg-1)可溶性蛋白Soluble protein/(mg·kg-1)可溶性固形物Soluble solids/%维生素CVitamin C/(mg·kg-1)粗纤维Crude fibre/%
大圆果31 000.00±3000.00c4200.00±556.78bc8.10±0.46d610.00±30.41c0.40±0.04b
圆果1号81 900.00±1200.00a5200.00±888.82ab9.96±0.58bc510.00±30.79d0.21±0.01d
圆果2号85 900.00±3386.74a4500.00±264.58bc11.68±0.81a391.00±18.73e0.64±0.04a
圆果3号31 000.00±264.58c5700.00±793.73a8.40±0.66cd379.00±51.00e0.40±0.02b
石优1号34 000.00±360.56bc3500.00±360.56c9.70±0.56bcd689.00±26.06b0.40±0.02b
石优2号34 000.00±871.78bc5800.00±624.50a9.00±0.59bcd539.00±32.70d0.20±0.03d
石优3号36 000.00±2451.53bc4200.00±800.00bc10.50±1.35ab752.00±38.22a0.30±0.01c
瑞玉40 000.00±2475.88b3500.00±264.58c8.70±1.60cd516.00±33.65d0.30±0.02c
), ArticleFig(id=1277382027888468975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Mineral element content analysis of eight ginseng fruits (lines)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种CultivarPZnMnMgCaCuNaKSeFe总量Total
大圆果64.82.000.30059.981.80.4444.13014300.0066.251649.630
圆果1号207.02.000.30071.054.90.6583.00014800.0063.001821.864
圆果2号177.02.000.30279.5100.00.6423.00016800.0063.002045.450
圆果3号40.82.000.35978.572.30.7623.95010400.0063.001241.677
石优1号121.02.000.30062.929.30.6663.00015200.0063.001742.172
石优2号78.33.870.30046.268.838.8003.52013000.0063.001542.796
石优3号114.04.900.30052.438.532.2003.00013100.0063.001558.306
瑞玉87.02.000.30050.660.30.6803.00013300.0063.001536.886
平均值111.2382.5960.30862.62563.2389.3573.3251386.250.0063.4061642.348
), ArticleFig(id=1277382027972355056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

8个人参果品种（系）矿质元素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种CultivarPZnMnMgCaCuNaKSeFe总量Total
大圆果64.82.000.30059.981.80.4444.13014300.0066.251649.630
圆果1号207.02.000.30071.054.90.6583.00014800.0063.001821.864
圆果2号177.02.000.30279.5100.00.6423.00016800.0063.002045.450
圆果3号40.82.000.35978.572.30.7623.95010400.0063.001241.677
石优1号121.02.000.30062.929.30.6663.00015200.0063.001742.172
石优2号78.33.870.30046.268.838.8003.52013000.0063.001542.796
石优3号114.04.900.30052.438.532.2003.00013100.0063.001558.306
瑞玉87.02.000.30050.660.30.6803.00013300.0063.001536.886
平均值111.2382.5960.30862.62563.2389.3573.3251386.250.0063.4061642.348
), ArticleFig(id=1277382028236596209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Analysis of amino acid content of eight ginseng fruits (lines)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Cultivar天冬氨酸Asp苏氨酸Thr丝氨酸Ser谷氨酸Glu甘氨酸Gly丙氨酸Ala缬氨酸Val蛋氨酸Met异亮氨酸Ile亮氨酸Leu酪氨酸Tyr苯丙氨酸Phe赖氨酸Lys组氨酸His精氨酸Arg脯氨酸Pro总量Total
大圆果1100160190670190160160521502601701502501101602104142
圆果1号148010013048016013015040110190901101801301201803780
圆果2号1390110110460170120140401302301101201701351302103775
圆果3号140012015044016014013044120210130130200921402503856
石优1号75011012047014012011057110170100100170741101302841
石优2号5008914034013012011045100170110110160691101002403
石优3号100012015050013013011057100170100120160781301303185
瑞玉49011017042015013011057110200100120180771301302684
平均值101411514547315413112849116200114120184961291683333
), ArticleFig(id=1277382028324676594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

8个人参果品种（系）氨基酸分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Cultivar天冬氨酸Asp苏氨酸Thr丝氨酸Ser谷氨酸Glu甘氨酸Gly丙氨酸Ala缬氨酸Val蛋氨酸Met异亮氨酸Ile亮氨酸Leu酪氨酸Tyr苯丙氨酸Phe赖氨酸Lys组氨酸His精氨酸Arg脯氨酸Pro总量Total
大圆果1100160190670190160160521502601701502501101602104142
圆果1号148010013048016013015040110190901101801301201803780
圆果2号1390110110460170120140401302301101201701351302103775
圆果3号140012015044016014013044120210130130200921402503856
石优1号75011012047014012011057110170100100170741101302841
石优2号5008914034013012011045100170110110160691101002403
石优3号100012015050013013011057100170100120160781301303185
瑞玉49011017042015013011057110200100120180771301302684
平均值101411514547315413112849116200114120184961291683333
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030010786803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Correlation analysis of different varieties of ginseng fruits (lines)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状Character可溶性糖Soluble sugar可溶性蛋白Soluble protein可溶性固形物Soluble solids维生素CVitamin C粗纤维Crude fibre氨基酸Amino acid
可溶性糖1.000
可溶性蛋白0.1131.000
可溶性固形物0.717*-0.1221.000
维生素C-0.444-0.5150.0011.000
粗纤维0.308-0.2650.439-0.3541.000
氨基酸0.3480.1660.037-0.3310.4551.000
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030090478580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同品种（系）人参果品质性状相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状Character可溶性糖Soluble sugar可溶性蛋白Soluble protein可溶性固形物Soluble solids维生素CVitamin C粗纤维Crude fibre氨基酸Amino acid
可溶性糖1.000
可溶性蛋白0.1131.000
可溶性固形物0.717*-0.1221.000
维生素C-0.444-0.5150.0011.000
粗纤维0.308-0.2650.439-0.3541.000
氨基酸0.3480.1660.037-0.3310.4551.000
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Principal component analysis results of quality characters of ginseng fruit

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项目Item主成分1PC1主成分2PC2主成分3PC3
特征值2.4241.5761.037
贡献率/%40.40326.2717.282
累积贡献率/%40.40366.67383.955
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030249862134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

人参果品质性状主成分分析

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项目Item主成分1PC1主成分2PC2主成分3PC3
特征值2.4241.5761.037
贡献率/%40.40326.2717.282
累积贡献率/%40.40366.67383.955
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030325359607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Eigenvector and load values of quality characters of ginseng fruit

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性状Character主成分1PC1主成分2PC2主成分3PC3
特征向量Eigenvector载荷值Load values特征向量Eigenvector载荷值Load values特征向量Eigenvector载荷值Load values
可溶性糖0.5380.8380.0880.1110.4030.410
可溶性蛋白0.1480.186-0.837-0.8520.3280.334
可溶性固形物0.6250.6360.4470.5610.4570.465
维生素C-0.414-0.6440.5900.6010.0330.034
粗纤维0.5570.6990.2660.334-0.484-0.493
氨基酸0.6050.616-0.219-0.223-0.535-0.545
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030430217208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

人参果品质性状的特征向量及载荷值

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性状Character主成分1PC1主成分2PC2主成分3PC3
特征向量Eigenvector载荷值Load values特征向量Eigenvector载荷值Load values特征向量Eigenvector载荷值Load values
可溶性糖0.5380.8380.0880.1110.4030.410
可溶性蛋白0.1480.186-0.837-0.8520.3280.334
可溶性固形物0.6250.6360.4470.5610.4570.465
维生素C-0.414-0.6440.5900.6010.0330.034
粗纤维0.5570.6990.2660.334-0.484-0.493
氨基酸0.6050.616-0.219-0.223-0.535-0.545
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030514103289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 7, caption=

Data standardization processing of quality characters

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品种Cultivarx1x2x3x4x5x6
大圆果-0.679-0.414-1.1720.4690.3111.262
圆果1号1.5200.6890.379-0.291-1.0400.697
圆果2号1.692-0.0831.814-1.1962.0180.690
圆果3号-0.6791.241-0.922-1.2870.3110.816
石优1号-0.550-1.1860.1631.0700.311-0.768
石优2号-0.5501.351-0.421-0.070-1.111-1.452
石优3号-0.463-0.4140.8301.549-0.400-0.231
瑞玉-0.291-1.186-0.671-0.245-0.400-1.013
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030589600762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

品质性状的数据标准化处理

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品种Cultivarx1x2x3x4x5x6
大圆果-0.679-0.414-1.1720.4690.3111.262
圆果1号1.5200.6890.379-0.291-1.0400.697
圆果2号1.692-0.0831.814-1.1962.0180.690
圆果3号-0.6791.241-0.922-1.2870.3110.816
石优1号-0.550-1.1860.1631.0700.311-0.768
石优2号-0.5501.351-0.421-0.070-1.111-1.452
石优3号-0.463-0.4140.8301.549-0.400-0.231
瑞玉-0.291-1.186-0.671-0.245-0.400-1.013
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030660903931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=EN, label=Tab. 8, caption=

Comprehensive evaluation scores of quality characters of ginseng fruit of different varieties (lines)

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品种Cultivary1y2y3F
大圆果-0.416-0.154-1.755-0.610
圆果1号1.120-0.8751.1330.498
圆果2号4.0680.7090.0992.200
圆果3号0.442-2.365-0.918-0.716
石优1号-1.1041.899-0.2400.013
石优2号-1.827-1.3871.341-1.037
石优3号-0.7961.5350.4250.185
瑞玉-1.4860.638-0.085-0.533
), ArticleFig(id=1277382030757372924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277330186504897119, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

不同品种（系）人参果品质性状综合评价得分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种Cultivary1y2y3F
大圆果-0.416-0.154-1.755-0.610
圆果1号1.120-0.8751.1330.498
圆果2号4.0680.7090.0992.200
圆果3号0.442-2.365-0.918-0.716
石优1号-1.1041.899-0.2400.013
石优2号-1.827-1.3871.341-1.037
石优3号-0.7961.5350.4250.185
瑞玉-1.4860.638-0.085-0.533
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8个人参果品种（系）的果实品质评价
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张子琛 1 , 王玉英 1 , 张晚秋 1 , 伍全会 2 , 黄兴龙 3 , 张青华 1, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(3): 524-532
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (3) : 524 -532
8个人参果品种（系）的果实品质评价
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张子琛1, 王玉英1, 张晚秋1, 伍全会2, 黄兴龙3, 张青华1, *
作者信息
  • 1.云南农业大学园林园艺学院，云南昆明　650201
  • 2.云南省农业广播电视学校富源县分校，云南曲靖　655500
  • 3.石林县经济作物站，云南昆明　652200
通讯作者:
* 张青华（ZHANG Qinghua），E-mail：。
作者简介:

张子琛（1998—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：园林植物与观赏园艺。

Quality Evaluation of Eight Ginseng Fruit Varieties (Lines)
Zichen ZHANG1, Yuying WANG1, Wanqiu ZHANG1, Quanhui WU2, Xinglong HUANG3, Qinghua ZHANG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
  • 2.Fuyuan Branch, Yunnan Agriculture Brodcast and Television School, Qujing, Yunnan 655500, China
  • 3.Cash Crop Station of Shilin County, Kunming, Yunnan 652200, China
出版时间: 2024-03-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.03.010
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摘要
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对石林县现有栽培人参果的不同品种（系）开展果实品质检测与评价分析，为人参果产业发展提供指导依据。以石林县大田栽培的大圆果、圆果1号、圆果2号、圆果3号、石优1号、石优2号、石优3号和瑞玉8个主栽的人参果品种（系）为试材，测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物、矿质元素、维生素C、纤维素和氨基酸7项果实品质指标，并对各项品质指标进行多重比较、相关性和主成分分析。果实品质指标多重比较结果显示：圆果2号的可溶性糖含量最高，大圆果和圆果3号的含量最低；石优2号的可溶性蛋白含量最高，石优1号和瑞玉含量最低；圆果2号的可溶性固形物含量最高，大圆果含量最低；石优3号维生素C含量最高，圆果3号含量最低；圆果2号的粗纤维含量最高，石优1号的含量最低；圆果2号的微量元素含量最高，圆果3号的含量最低；大圆果的氨基酸含量最高，石优2号的氨基酸含量最低。果实品质指标间的相关性分析结果显示：不同品种（系）的各品质指标之间存在相关性，其中可溶性糖和可溶性固形物彼此间存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。果实品质指标主成分分析提取了前3个主成分且累积贡献率达到83.955%，能够反映原品质指标的大部分信息。以提取主成分总的特征值之和中各主成分对应的特征值所占的比例作为权重，最终建立综合评价体系对8个不同品种（系）的人参果进行综合评价。综上，供试8个人参果品种（系）均含有丰富的营养成分，其中圆果2号综合品质最好，可优选作为主栽品种或新种质创制的亲本材料。

人参果  /  不同品种（系）  /  品质评价  /  主成分分析

The fruit quality of different varieties (lines) of cultivated ginseng fruit in Shilin county was tested and evaluated to provide guidance for the development of ginseng fruit industry. Seven fruit quality indexes of soluble sugar, soluble protein, soluble solid, mineral elements, vitamin C, cellulose and amino acid were determined by using eight main ginseng fruit varieties (lines) of Dayuangguo, Yuangguo No. 1, Yuangguo No. 2, Yuangguo No. 3, Shiyou No. 1, Shiyou No. 2, Shiyou No. 3 and Ruiyu cultivated in the field of Shilin county. By multiple comparison of quality indexes of Panax ginseng fruit, it was found that the content of soluble sugar in Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, while that in Dayuanguo and Yuanguo No. 3 was the lowest; The soluble protein content of Shiyou No. 2 was the highest, and that of Shiyou No. 1 and Ruiyu was the lowest; The content of soluble solids of Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, while that of big round fruit was the lowest; Shiyou No. 3 has the highest content of vitamin C and Yuanguo No. 3 has the lowest content; The crude fiber content of Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, and that of Shiyou No. 1 was the lowest; The content of trace elements in Yuanguo No. 2 was the highest, while that in Yuanguo No. 3 was the lowest; The amino acid content of big round fruit was the highest, and that of Shiyou No. 2 was the lowest. There were significant correlations between the quality indicators of different varieties (lines), among which soluble sugar and soluble solids were significantly correlated with each other (P<0.05). The principal component analysis of 6 quality indicators was carried out, and the cumulative contribution of the first three principal components reached 83.955%, which could reflect most of the information of the original quality index. The resulting comprehensive evaluation system was established to evaluate eight different varieties (lines) of ginseng fruit. In conclusion, the above eight ginseng fruit varieties (lines) all contain rich nutritional components, among which Yuanguo No. 2 has the best comprehensive quality, and can be selected as the parent material for the main variety or new germplasm creation.

ginseng fruit  /  different varieties (lines)  /  quality evaluation  /  principal component analysis
张子琛, 王玉英, 张晚秋, 伍全会, 黄兴龙, 张青华. 8个人参果品种（系）的果实品质评价. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (3) : 524 -532 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.03.010
Zichen ZHANG, Yuying WANG, Wanqiu ZHANG, Quanhui WU, Xinglong HUANG, Qinghua ZHANG. Quality Evaluation of Eight Ginseng Fruit Varieties (Lines)[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (3) : 524 -532 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.03.010
正文
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人参果（Solanum muricatum），又名香瓜茄、香艳梨和南美仙桃[1]，是茄科茄属的多年生草本植物[2]，原产地为南美洲安第斯山北麓，哥伦比亚、智利、秘鲁和厄瓜多尔等国家均有种植。20世纪80年代开始，我国从国外引种栽培，吉林、河北、江苏、陕西、宁夏等省开始零星种植人参果[3]。20世纪90年代初，云南省引入栽培人参果，在石林独特的地理及气候环境条件下经过20余年栽培，种植面积已超过1.04万hm2，产量达到25.1万t，品牌价值达15亿元[4]。人参果的果肉清甜，风味独特，具有高蛋白、低糖、低脂肪的特点，并且含有多种矿物质和矿质元素（如钙、硒和锌等），具有美容养颜、防癌、防龋齿和抑制心脑血管等保健功能，同时也是糖尿病人的理想水果[5]。目前，石林人参果已成为石林的支柱产业。
水果品质可以分为外观品质和营养品质等[6]。外观品质是人参果的指标之一，首先标准外观为心脏或椭圆形，果实要求着色均匀，颜色为金黄色并且带有紫色条纹，果面有光泽，果味较清[7]。除外部特征外，果实的营养品质也是关系到品质好坏的重要指标，营养品质包括可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和氨基酸等。果实中的可溶性糖主要包括蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖等，是植物成熟的重要指标，也是植物抗旱、植物生理和食品加工中的重要标准[8-9]。可溶性蛋白含量为果实品质和营养的重要评价指标之一[10]。人参果含有较为丰富的氨基酸种类，主要有天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸等[11]。果实内维生素主要包含维生素C、胡萝卜素、泛酸、生物素等[12]，人参果果实中的维生素C含量比较丰富，对人体的机能代谢有促进作用。人参果内含有粗纤维，它是植物细胞壁的主要组成成分，包括纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、果胶等，某些膳食纤维还具有抗氧化和清除自由基的功能[13]。目前，人参果研究相关报道集中在种植[14]、加工[15]或者是某一品种（系）的品质性状测定，如人参果脂肪[16]、可溶性蛋白[17]、多糖[18]、矿质元素[19]、氨基酸[11,20]等，尚未对多个品种（系）的品质进行综合分析。然而，通过主成分分析的综合评价已在桃[21]、苹果[22-23]、猕猴桃[24]等进行报道。本研究拟通过对石林县8个不同人参果品种（系）果实品质检测，包括可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物、维生素、氨基酸、粗纤维以及矿质元素等并进行主成分分析，筛选出果实综合品质较优品种（系），为石林选择栽培人参果品种（系）提供指导，同时为产业新品种选育提供理论依据。
1　材料与方法
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1.1　材料
实验人参果不同品种（系）：大圆果、圆果1号、圆果2号、圆果3号、瑞玉、石优1号、石优2号和石优3号共计8个材料，均为由石林彝族自治县经济作物站选育的杂交种。人参果果实采自石林彝族自治县西街口镇，于3月底栽植，各品种（系）种植面积各200 m2，整地做畦，畦高20 cm，宽40 cm，栽培间距60 cm×80 cm。石林气候湿润、雨量适中，种植地土壤为红壤土，通过打杈、病虫害防治、疏花疏果、追肥等措施对人参果苗开展日常管理工作。
1.2　方法
1.2.1　取样
于8个人参果品种（系）果实成熟期（9月中旬至10月初），采用5点取样法，从各个品种（系）的种植地块的中间和4个方向选取5棵人参果植株进行果实采集，每个地块采30个果实。采后快速运回实验室，4 ℃下储藏备用。
1.2.2　品质指标测定
采用蔥酮比色法测定可溶性糖含量[24]；采用考马斯亮蓝-G250法测定可溶性蛋白质含量[10]；采用折射仪法测定可溶性固形物含量（NY/T 2637—2014水果和蔬菜可溶性固形物含量的测定折射仪法）；采用2,6-二氯靛酚滴定法[25]测定维生素C含量；根据国家标准GB/T 5009.10—2003《植物类食品中粗纤维的测定》测定人参果粗纤维含量；采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定各矿质元素含量[26]；依据GB 5009.124—2016《食品安全国家标准食品中氨基酸的测定》测定各氨基酸含量。
1.2.3　不同品种（系）的综合分析
将8个不同品种（系）的人参果的不同品质指标数据进行总结整理，再针对每个品质指标进行方差分析；将各品质指标进行相关分析，分析指标间的相关性；把各项品质指标通过降维的方式，按特征值大于1的原则选取主成分，再得出综合分析模型，比较不同品种（系）得分，得分第一为最优的人参果品种（系）。
1.3　数据处理
采用Excel 2010和SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行统计和方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析。
2　结果与分析
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2.1　8个人参果品种（系）可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物、维生素C和粗纤维分析
由表1可知，不同人参果品种（系）可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物、维生素C、粗纤维含量之间均具有显著差异。圆果2号的可溶性糖含量最高，其次是圆果1号，二者无显著差异，圆果2号的可溶性糖含量显著高于瑞玉、石优3号、石优2号、石优1号、圆果3号和大圆果，分别高114.8%、138.6%、152.6%、152.6%、177.1%和177.1%。石优2号的可溶性蛋白含量最高，与圆果3号、圆果1号三者之间无显著差异，但显著高于圆果2号、大圆果、石优3号、石优1号、瑞玉，分别高28.9%、38.1%、38.1%、65.7%、65.7%。不同品种（系）的人参果可溶性固形物的含量不同，其中圆果2号的可溶性固形物含量最高，与石优3号无显著差异，但显著高于大圆果、圆果3号、石优1号、石优2号、瑞玉，分别高44.2%、39.0%、20.4%、29.8%、34.3%。石优3号维生素C含量最高，并显著高于大圆果、圆果1号、圆果2号、圆果3号、石优1号、石优2号、瑞玉，分别高23.3%、47.5%、92.3%、98.4%、9.1%、39.5%、45.7%。圆果2号的粗纤维含量最高，并显著高于大圆果、圆果1号、圆果3号、石优1号、石优2号、石优3号、瑞玉，分别高60.0%、204.8%、60.0%、60.0%、220.0%、113.3%、113.3%。
综上，圆果2号的可溶性糖、可溶性固形物的含量最高，石优2号的可溶性蛋白含量最高，石优3号的维生素C含量最高，圆果2号的粗纤维含量最高，且显著高于大部分品种（系）。
2.2　8个人参果品种（系）矿质元素含量分析
由表2可知，人参果果实中矿质元素含量较为丰富，不同品种（系）的含量存在差异，果实含有的矿质元素的多少依次为钾、磷、钙、镁、铜、铁、钠、锌、锰和硒，全部品种（系）按总量大小依次为：圆果2号>圆果1号>石优1号>大圆果>石优3号>石优2号>瑞玉>圆果3号。同时，果实的单个矿质元素含量之间存在差异，其中，圆果1号磷元素的含量最高，圆果2号、石优1号、石优3号的磷元素含量高于平均值；石优3号的锌元素含量最多，石优2号、石优3号的锌元素含量均在平均值以上；圆果3号的锰元素含量最高，圆果3号的锰元素含量高于平均值；镁元素含量最高的是圆果2号，圆果1号、圆果3号、石优1号的镁元素含量均在平均值以上；圆果2号的钙元素含量最高，大圆果、圆果2号、圆果3号、石优2号的钙含量均在平均值以上；石优2号的铜元素含量最高，石优3号的铜元素含量超过平均值；大圆果的钠元素含量最高，圆果3号、石优2号的钠元素含量均在平均值以上；圆果2号的钾元素含量最高，大圆果、圆果1号、石优1号的钾元素含量均在平均值以上；各品种（系）的硒含量相同；大圆果的铁元素含量最高，且只有大圆果的铁元素含量在平均值以上。
综上，圆果2号的矿质元素含量最高，磷、镁、钙、钾均高于平均水平。
2.3　8个人参果品种（系）氨基酸含量分析
由表3可知，8个不同品（系）人参果果实中氨基酸总量由高到低依次为：大圆果>圆果3号>圆果1号>圆果2号>石优3号>石优1号>石优2号>瑞玉。圆果1号的天冬氨酸含量最高，大圆果、圆果2号、圆果3号含量均在平均值以上；大圆果的苏氨酸含量最高，圆果3号、石优3号含量均在平均值以上；大圆果的丝氨酸含量最高，圆果3号、石优3号、瑞玉含量均在平均值以上；大圆果的谷氨酸含量最高，圆果1号、石优3号含量均在平均值以上；大圆果的甘氨酸含量最高，圆果1号、圆果2号、圆果3号含量均高于平均值；大圆果的丙氨酸含量最高，圆果3号的含量在平均值以上；大圆果的缬氨酸含量最高，圆果1号、圆果2号、圆果3号的缬氨酸含量均在平均含量以上；石优1号、石优3号和瑞玉的蛋氨酸含量最高，且大圆果含量高于平均值；大圆果的异亮氨酸含量最高，圆果2号、圆果3号含量均高于平均值；大圆果的亮氨酸含量最高，圆果2号、圆果3号的亮氨酸含量均在平均值以上；大圆果的酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸含量均为最高，且圆果3号的这3种氨基酸含量均在平均值以上；圆果2号的组氨酸含量最高，大圆果、圆果1号含量均在平均值以上；大圆果的精氨酸含量最高，圆果2号、圆果3号、石优3号、瑞玉含量均高于平均值；圆果3号的脯氨酸含量最高，大圆果、圆果1号、圆果2号的脯氨酸含量均在平均值以上。
综上，大圆果的氨基酸总量最高，天冬氨酸、组氨酸、脯氨酸含量在平均值以上，其他类别的氨基酸含量均为最高。
2.4　不同品种（系）人参果品质性状相关性分析
由表4可知，可溶性糖与可溶性固形物呈显著正相关，相关系数是0.717；其他品质性状彼此之间均存在相关性，但相关性不显著。相关性分析结果说明不同品种（系）人参果果实各品质指标间既存在一定相关性又存在一定独立性，包含一些重叠信息，有必要采用主成分分析法对不同品种（系）人参果的品质性状进行综合评价。
2.5　8个人参果品种（系）品质性状主成分分析
为了从8个不同品种（系）人参果中筛选出品质最优的品种（系），采用主成分分析法，通过降维的方式，将可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、可溶固形物、维生素C、粗纤维、氨基酸6个变量简化为少数几个综合变量反映原来品质性状的大部分的信息。据表5可知，按照特征值大于1的原则，选取3个主成分，第一主成分的贡献率为40.403%，第二主成分的贡献率为26.27%，第三主成分的贡献率为17.282%，累计贡献率达到83.955%，可以反映8个不同品种（系）人参果的大部分品质特征。
据表6可知，第一主成分中主要受可溶性糖、粗纤维含量的较大载荷值的影响，载荷值分别是0.838、0.699，说明这2个品质指标与主成分1均为正相关关系；第二主成分中维生素C和可溶性蛋白有较大的载荷值（0.601、-0.852），表明维生素C与主成分2呈正相关，可溶性蛋白与主成分2呈负相关，主成分2受这2个品质指标影响较大；第三主成分中粗纤维、氨基酸、可溶性固形物有较大的载荷值（-0.493、-0.545、0.465），主成分3主要受这3个品质性状的影响，粗纤维、氨基酸2个品质性状均与主成分3呈负相关，可溶性固形物与主成分3呈正相关。
2.6　8个人参果品种（系）品质性状综合评价
用表6中各指标变量的主成分载荷值除以表5种特征值的平方根，得到3个主成分中每个指标对应的特征向量，并将各品质指标标准化，标准化结果：x1（可溶性糖）、x2（可溶性蛋白）、x3（可溶性固形物）、x4（维生素）、x5（粗纤维）、x6（氨基酸）见表7，以每个品质指标的成分矩阵的特征向量为权重构建这3个主成分的函数表达式：

y1=0.538x1+0.148x2+0.625x3-0.414x4+0.557x5 +0.605x6

y2=0.088x1-0.837x2+0.447x3+0.590x4+0.266x5 -0.219x6

y3=0.403x1+0.328x2+0.457x3+0.033x4-0.484x5 -0.535x6

以3个主成分对应的方差相对贡献率为权重，将各品种主成分得分和相应的权重进行线性加权求和，最终得到不同品种（系）人参果的品质性状的综合评价模型：
F=0.370x1-0.123x2+0.534x3-0.008x4+0.252x5+ 0.112x6，如表8所示。人参果果实品质综合评价得分越高，综合性状越好，评分由高到低依次是：圆果2号、圆果1号、石优3号、石优1号、瑞玉、大圆果、圆果3号、石优2号，综合得分分别为：2.200、0.498、0.185、0.013、-0.533、-0.610、-0.716、-1.037。
3　讨论
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石林人参果具有良好的营养价值和开发前景，但是石林县人参果品种单一、缺乏优质种苗等问题严重影响了石林人参果品质的发展。通过主成分分析的综合评价，能在保留大部分原始信息的基础上化繁为简，将多个指标总结成几个主要成分，进而进行综合评价。主成分分析法不仅可以筛选出果实综合品质较优品种（系），而且广泛应用于各类果蔬[21-23,27]的果实品质分析中。在果实品质分析的品质指标测定方面，多针对果实的可溶性糖[21,23,27]、维生素C[27-28]、粗纤维含量[29-30]、可溶性蛋白[28,30]、氨基酸含量[30]、矿质元素[30-31]、可溶性固形物[27,31]进行检测与分析。因此，本研究通过对石林主栽和试验地种植的8个人参果品种（系）的成熟果实的品质指标测定并进行多重比较、相关性分析、主成分分析，最后进行综合评价，筛选出最优品种的评价方法可行。
果实的营养品质直接影响其风味、口感等，是商品价值的重要指标。人参果果肉爽甜多汁、清香味美，含有丰富的可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C、矿质元素、氨基酸等，这些营养品质是衡量人参果果实风味的重要指标[32]，对人参果的风味和营养品质评价起着至关重要的作用。对石林县不同品种（系）人参果各种品质性状进行测定，可溶性糖含量在31 000~ 85 900 mg/kg之间；可溶性蛋白含量在3500~ 5800 mg/kg之间；可溶性固形物在8.1%~11.68%之间，维生素C含量在37~75.2 mg/kg之间，粗纤维含量在0.20%~0.64%之间，矿质元素含量在1241.677~2045.45 mg/kg之间，氨基酸总含量为2403~4142 mg/kg。本研究中人参果的可溶性糖含量与其他学者的研究[33]较为一致，粗纤维[34]、氨基酸[19]、矿质元素[19,33]、可溶性蛋白[11,33]、维生素C[11,33]等营养品质的测定结果与其他学者有所不同。营养品质上的差异可能取决于不同品种（系）、不同生长环境，或者是由不同测定方法与测定误差导致，其原因有待进一步研究。
通过各品质指标之间的相关性分析可知，人参果的各个品质指标之间存在相关性，可溶性糖与可溶性固形物含量呈显著正相关，其余指标之间也存在一定相关性。而主成分分析是一种多变量分析方法，通过数据降维的方法将原来较多变量重新组合成一组新的互相无关的几个综合变量，同时根据实际需要选出几个较少的综合变量，并尽可能多地反映原来变量的信息。主成分分析是水果蔬菜品质评价的主要方法之一，在猕猴桃[24]、桃[21]、番茄[27]等果蔬的品质评价方面多有应用。本研究采用主成分分析法，将6个品质指标转化为3个主成分，累计贡献率达到83.955%并进行综合分析，得出不同品种（系）人参果的品质性状的综合评价模型：
F=0.370x1-0.123x2+0.534x3-0.008x4+0.252x5+ 0.112x6，评价结果可知评分最高的人参果品种（系）为圆果2号，且可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、矿质元素是人参果品质评价的关键指标，这些品质指标影响着人参果果实的口感与风味。人参果富含大量的矿质元素、可溶性固形物和氨基酸等，对人体的健康非常有益，通过综合评价，圆果2号果品品质最优。
基金
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  • 云南省质量监督局人参果生产技术规程（地方标准项目）
文献
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2024年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.03.010
  • 接收时间：2022-12-05
  • 首发时间：2026-06-26
  • 出版时间：2024-03-25
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  • 收稿日期：2022-12-05
  • 修回日期：2023-01-11
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云南省质量监督局人参果生产技术规程（地方标准项目）
作者信息
    1.云南农业大学园林园艺学院，云南昆明　650201
    2.云南省农业广播电视学校富源县分校，云南曲靖　655500
    3.石林县经济作物站，云南昆明　652200

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* 张青华（ZHANG Qinghua），E-mail：。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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