Article(id=1276222194761994827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276222165401866613, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.02.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1662480000000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-07, revisedDate=1667750400000, revisedDateStr=2022-11-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782204682292, onlineDateStr=2026-06-23, pubDate=1708790400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782204682292, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782204682292, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782204682292, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276222165401866613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='225', pageEnd='442', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1708790400000', pubDateStr='2024-02-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782204675293, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782206804468, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276231096228516439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276222165401866613, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276231096228516440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1276222165401866613, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=330, endPage=339, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276222195135287885, articleId=1276222194761994827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Effects of Planting Density and Depth on Yield and Lodging Resistance in Sugarcane, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Reasonable planting density and depth are the common cultivation techniques to increase sugarcane yield per unit area. However, the effect on sugarcane lodging is often neglected when the yield is increased. Sugarcane variety Zhongtang 3 was used as the experimental material to determine the effect of different planting density and depth on the yield and lodging. Four planting density 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 buds/m2 and two planting depth of shallow planting (30 cm) and deep planting (40 cm) were designed in the experiment. The agronomic characters, lodging related index (root lodging and stalk lodging) and yield of sugarcane were measured. The results showed that as the growth period of sugarcane continued to advance, the safety factor of sugarcane root and stem gradually decreased, and the risk of root lodging and stem lodging of sugarcane was higher at 180 days after planting, which was in a sensitive period. When the planting density increased from 3 buds/m2 to 6 buds/m2, sugar yield (+32%) and yield (+36%) of sugarcane were significantly increased, and the stem lodging resistance of sugarcane was also increased. However, when the planting density was further increased to 7.5 buds/m2, the sugar yield and yield did not increase significantly, but the risk of root lodging was increased. Compared with planting depth of 30 cm, planting depth of 40 cm had a tendency to increase sugar yield (+2.8%) and yield (+4.8%), although there was no significant difference between them. Therefore, considering sugar yield, yield and lodging resistance of sugarcane, we believe that planting depth of 40 cm and planting density of 6 buds/m2 can improve lodging resistance of sugarcane while ensuring yield and sugar yield.

, authors=null, authorsList=Fucheng LIU, Zhaojie LI, Wenwei CAI, Wei WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wei WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276222199707079269, articleId=1276222194761994827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及抗倒伏的影响, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为进一步提高甘蔗单位面积产量,合理的种植密度和深度一直是常用的栽培技术手段。但在增加产量的同时,往往忽略了对甘蔗倒伏的影响。为确定不同种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及倒伏的影响,以甘蔗品种中糖3号为试验材料进行研究,试验共设计3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5芽/m2四个种植密度梯度及浅植(30 cm)、深植(40 cm)2种种植深度,对甘蔗的农艺性状、倒伏相关指数(根系倒伏与茎秆倒伏)和产量等进行测定。结果表明:随着甘蔗生育期不断推进,甘蔗根系和茎秆安全系数逐渐降低,在下种后180 d甘蔗根系倒伏和茎秆倒伏风险较大,处于敏感时期。种植密度从3芽/m2增加至6芽/m2,甘蔗产糖量(+32%)和产量(+36%)显著增加,同时甘蔗的茎秆倒伏抗性也随之增加。但进一步增加种植密度到7.5芽/m2时,产糖量和产量没有进一步显著增加,但增加了甘蔗的根倒伏风险。与种植深度30 cm相比,种植深度40 cm具有增加甘蔗产糖量(+2.8%)和产量(+4.8%)的趋势,二者差异不显著。因此,综合甘蔗产糖量、产量及抗倒伏等多个性状,认为种植深度40 cm,种植密度为6芽/m2可以在保证产量和产糖量的同时,提高甘蔗的倒伏抗性。

, authors=

刘富成(1995—),男,硕士,研究方向:作物栽培。

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* 吴伟(WU Wei),E-mail:
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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Relationship between plant height growth and meteorological factors in sugarcane during one production cycle, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558441632108980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=66, pageEnd=67, 70, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=38, authorNames=莫小燕, 赵军, journalName=农业研究与应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=莫小燕, 赵军. 龙州蔗区台风灾害的调研及防御措施[J]. 农业研究与应用, 2015(2): 66-67, 70., articleTitle=龙州蔗区台风灾害的调研及防御措施, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558441720189365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=66, pageEnd=67, 70, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=39, authorNames=MO X Y, ZHAO J, journalName=Agricultural Research and Application, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MO X Y, ZHAO J. 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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation and prevention measures of typhoon disaster in Yeshi district of Longzhou, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558441787298230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=40, issue=9, pageStart=1671, pageEnd=1676, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=40, authorNames=樊仙, 杨绍林, 李如丹, 全怡吉, 邓军, 张跃彬, journalName=热带作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=樊仙, 杨绍林, 李如丹, 全怡吉, 邓军, 张跃彬. 不同铲蔸深度对甘蔗根系形态和生理特性的影响[J]. 热带作物学报, 2019, 40(9): 1671-1676., articleTitle=不同铲蔸深度对甘蔗根系形态和生理特性的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558441858601399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=40, issue=9, pageStart=1671, pageEnd=1676, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=41, authorNames=FAN X, YANG S L, LI R D, QUAN Y J, DENG J, ZHANG Y B, journalName=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FAN X, YANG S L, LI R D, QUAN Y J, DENG J, ZHANG Y B. Effects of different shovel stump depth on morphology and physiological characteristics of sugarcane roots[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2019, 40(9): 1671-1676. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of different shovel stump depth on morphology and physiological characteristics of sugarcane roots, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558441934098872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=41, issue=6, pageStart=542, pageEnd=544, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=42, authorNames=廖青, 韦广泼, 刘斌, 陈桂芬, 黄东亮, 李杨瑞, journalName=广西农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=廖青, 韦广泼, 刘斌, 陈桂芬, 黄东亮, 李杨瑞. 机械化深耕深松栽培对甘蔗生长及产量的影响[J]. 广西农业科学, 2010, 41(6): 542-544., articleTitle=机械化深耕深松栽培对甘蔗生长及产量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558441997013433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=41, issue=6, pageStart=542, pageEnd=544, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=43, authorNames=LIAO Q, WEI G P, LIU B, CHEN G F, HUANG D L, LI Y R, journalName=Guangxi Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIAO Q, WEI G P, LIU B, CHEN G F, HUANG D L, LI Y R. Effects of mechanized deep tillage and deep pine cultivation on sugarcane growth and yield[J]. Guangxi Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 41(6): 542-544. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of mechanized deep tillage and deep pine cultivation on sugarcane growth and yield, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558442059927994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=33, issue=4, pageStart=172, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=44, authorNames=谭琴, journalName=农技服务, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谭琴. 机械化深耕深松技术对甘蔗产量的影响[J]. 农技服务, 2016, 33(4): 172., articleTitle=机械化深耕深松技术对甘蔗产量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1276558442127036859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=33, issue=4, pageStart=172, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=45, authorNames=TAN Q, journalName=Agricultural Technology Services, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAN Q. Effect of mechanized deep tillage and deep cutting technology on sugarcane yield[J]. Agricultural Technology Services, 2016, 33(4): 172. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of mechanized deep tillage and deep cutting technology on sugarcane yield, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1276558437018374541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, awardId=32060442, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(32060442), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1276558425316266330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276558425324654939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, companyId=1276558425316266330, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University / Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Provincial, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276558425328849244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, companyId=1276558425316266330, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.海南大学热带作物学院/海南省耐盐作物生物技术重点实验室,海南海口 570228)]), AuthorCompany(id=1276558426993987933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276558427002376542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, companyId=1276558426993987933, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1276558427014959455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, companyId=1276558426993987933, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口 571101)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1276558434313048447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Changes of stem and root safety factor (A), root anchorage, stem bending strength (B) and bending moment (C) in different crop growth periods, figureFileSmall=dMvh0N9VVncGJ5i2YYsoxw==, figureFileBig=FrS5RX3x47L2P4A821GvXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276558435978187136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同时期甘蔗安全系数(A)、根锚固和茎弯曲强度(B)及重力矩(C)的变化, figureFileSmall=dMvh0N9VVncGJ5i2YYsoxw==, figureFileBig=FrS5RX3x47L2P4A821GvXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276558436070461825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Lodging related indicators of sugarcane at different planting depth and density 180 d after planting

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among the planting density (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=ZOEQKAGBAuoVVpbmTeVDhA==, figureFileBig=8DS9JmPXNziTNWA03uDZ9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276558436133376386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=图2, caption=下种后180 d不同种植深度和密度下的甘蔗倒伏相关指标

不同小写字母表示种植密度间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=ZOEQKAGBAuoVVpbmTeVDhA==, figureFileBig=8DS9JmPXNziTNWA03uDZ9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276558436204679555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Lodging related indexes of sugarcane at different planting depth and density 210 d after planting

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among the planting density (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=6xJKQvfAixWwmc5sgEA1nQ==, figureFileBig=3uZXv8uSKGIvAcuaFEYv9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276558436271788420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=图3, caption=下种后210 d不同种植深度和密度下的甘蔗倒伏相关指标

不同小写字母表示种植密度间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=6xJKQvfAixWwmc5sgEA1nQ==, figureFileBig=3uZXv8uSKGIvAcuaFEYv9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1276558436334702981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Agronomic characters of sugarcane under different planting depths and densities

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
下种后天数Days after planting种植深度Planting depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)株高Plant height/cm重心高度Centre of gravity/cm鲜重Fresh weight/g茎粗Stem diameter/mm茎秆充实度Stem unit weight/(g·cm–1)
180303.0397a159a2149a24.65a1.67a
4.5393a156a1853b23.37b1.63a
6.0380a150a1393c21.17c1.15b
7.5358b148a1179d19.71d1.16b
均值382A153A1643A22.23A1.40A
403.0394a160a2216a24.71a1.79a
4.5384a157ab1701b22.08b1.39b
6.0357b144bc1064c20.37bc1.05c
7.5356b142c974c18.19c0.92c
均值373A151A1489A21.34A1.29A
210303.0397a158ab2185a27.20a1.79a
4.5385a159a1925a24.10b3.01a
6.0383a164a1451b22.60b1.42a
7.5339b148b1110c19.43c1.14a
均值376A157A1668A23.33A1.84A
403.0401a158a2186a25.53a4.43a
4.5392ab155a1902a24.30ab1.77b
6.0379b156a1509b22.77b1.50b
7.5350c156a1263b19.73c1.25b
均值380A156A1715A23.08A2.24A
), ArticleFig(id=1276558436422783366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同种植深度和密度下的甘蔗农艺性状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
下种后天数Days after planting种植深度Planting depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)株高Plant height/cm重心高度Centre of gravity/cm鲜重Fresh weight/g茎粗Stem diameter/mm茎秆充实度Stem unit weight/(g·cm–1)
180303.0397a159a2149a24.65a1.67a
4.5393a156a1853b23.37b1.63a
6.0380a150a1393c21.17c1.15b
7.5358b148a1179d19.71d1.16b
均值382A153A1643A22.23A1.40A
403.0394a160a2216a24.71a1.79a
4.5384a157ab1701b22.08b1.39b
6.0357b144bc1064c20.37bc1.05c
7.5356b142c974c18.19c0.92c
均值373A151A1489A21.34A1.29A
210303.0397a158ab2185a27.20a1.79a
4.5385a159a1925a24.10b3.01a
6.0383a164a1451b22.60b1.42a
7.5339b148b1110c19.43c1.14a
均值376A157A1668A23.33A1.84A
403.0401a158a2186a25.53a4.43a
4.5392ab155a1902a24.30ab1.77b
6.0379b156a1509b22.77b1.50b
7.5350c156a1263b19.73c1.25b
均值380A156A1715A23.08A2.24A
), ArticleFig(id=1276558436519252359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Correlation indices of sugarcane agronomic traits under different planting depths and densities

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
下种后天数Days after planting种植深度Planting depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)弯曲刚度EI/Nm2弹性杨氏模量E/Nm2界面刚性距I/m4下种后天数Days after planting种植深度Planting depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)弯曲刚度EI/Nm2弹性杨氏模量E/Nm2界面刚性距I/m4
180303.023.86a1.41E+9b1.88E-8a210303.022.53a0.89E+9c2.88E-8a
4.519.41b1.39E+9b1.50E-8b4.519.63b1.22E+9bc1.69E-8b
6.016.02bc1.66E+9b1.05E-8c6.019.47b1.53E+9ab1.31E-8bc
7.514.78b2.05E+9a0.78E-8c7.512.97c1.87E+9a0.72E-8c
均值18.52A1.63E+9A1.30E-8A均值18.65A1.38E+9A1.65E-8A
403.026.93a1.49E+9b1.86E-8a403.020.87a1.00E+9b2.14E-8a
4.518.76b1.61E+9b1.23E-8b4.520.37a1.26E+9b1.78E-8a
6.014.67bc1.75E+9ab0.89E-8bc6.015.63b1.23E+9b1.36E-8ab
7.511.75c2.17E+9a0.54E-8c7.514.10b2.01E+9a0.78E-8b
均值18.03A1.76E+9A1.13E-8A均值17.74A1.37E+9A1.52E-8A
), ArticleFig(id=1276558436590555528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同种植深度和密度下的甘蔗农艺性状相关指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
下种后天数Days after planting种植深度Planting depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)弯曲刚度EI/Nm2弹性杨氏模量E/Nm2界面刚性距I/m4下种后天数Days after planting种植深度Planting depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)弯曲刚度EI/Nm2弹性杨氏模量E/Nm2界面刚性距I/m4
180303.023.86a1.41E+9b1.88E-8a210303.022.53a0.89E+9c2.88E-8a
4.519.41b1.39E+9b1.50E-8b4.519.63b1.22E+9bc1.69E-8b
6.016.02bc1.66E+9b1.05E-8c6.019.47b1.53E+9ab1.31E-8bc
7.514.78b2.05E+9a0.78E-8c7.512.97c1.87E+9a0.72E-8c
均值18.52A1.63E+9A1.30E-8A均值18.65A1.38E+9A1.65E-8A
403.026.93a1.49E+9b1.86E-8a403.020.87a1.00E+9b2.14E-8a
4.518.76b1.61E+9b1.23E-8b4.520.37a1.26E+9b1.78E-8a
6.014.67bc1.75E+9ab0.89E-8bc6.015.63b1.23E+9b1.36E-8ab
7.511.75c2.17E+9a0.54E-8c7.514.10b2.01E+9a0.78E-8b
均值18.03A1.76E+9A1.13E-8A均值17.74A1.37E+9A1.52E-8A
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ANOVA table

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Index月份Month种植密度Planting density种植深度Planting depth月份×种植深度Month×Planting depth月份×种植密度Month×Planting density种植密度×种植深度Planting density×Planting depth月份×种植密度×种植深度Month×Planting density×Planting depth
根系安全系数SFr0.582.780.410.050.220.661.20
茎秆安全系数SFs0.0912.87**0.093.240.520.173.35*
锚固强度Sr5.65*35.95**1.311.830.880.870.87
茎秆抗折力Ss9.48**50.53**3.390.013.25*1.083.11*
根系地上部力矩Mr7.71**87.28**1.392.481.860.591.17
茎秆地上部力矩Ms7.25*84.59**1.292.281.930.651.11
弯曲刚度EI0.0143.09**1.120.103.751.262.32
弹性杨氏模量E19.13**24.31**0.750.830.940.640.46
界面刚性距I12.84**37.40**2.190.041.230.561.54
株高81.66**21.90**0.292.531.450.790.10
重心高度6.31*6.46**1.300.014.13*1.010.99
鲜重9.36**134.35**1.686.11*1.710.691.72
茎粗19.53**67.55**3.080.960.750.091.56
茎秆充实度10.33**7.62**0.441.351.664.27*2.74
产糖量12.59**0.840.78
产量32.30**5.130.18
含糖率1.610.761.41
), ArticleFig(id=1276558436733161866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

方差分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标Index月份Month种植密度Planting density种植深度Planting depth月份×种植深度Month×Planting depth月份×种植密度Month×Planting density种植密度×种植深度Planting density×Planting depth月份×种植密度×种植深度Month×Planting density×Planting depth
根系安全系数SFr0.582.780.410.050.220.661.20
茎秆安全系数SFs0.0912.87**0.093.240.520.173.35*
锚固强度Sr5.65*35.95**1.311.830.880.870.87
茎秆抗折力Ss9.48**50.53**3.390.013.25*1.083.11*
根系地上部力矩Mr7.71**87.28**1.392.481.860.591.17
茎秆地上部力矩Ms7.25*84.59**1.292.281.930.651.11
弯曲刚度EI0.0143.09**1.120.103.751.262.32
弹性杨氏模量E19.13**24.31**0.750.830.940.640.46
界面刚性距I12.84**37.40**2.190.041.230.561.54
株高81.66**21.90**0.292.531.450.790.10
重心高度6.31*6.46**1.300.014.13*1.010.99
鲜重9.36**134.35**1.686.11*1.710.691.72
茎粗19.53**67.55**3.080.960.750.091.56
茎秆充实度10.33**7.62**0.441.351.664.27*2.74
产糖量12.59**0.840.78
产量32.30**5.130.18
含糖率1.610.761.41
), ArticleFig(id=1276558436817047947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Sugar yield, yield and sugar content of sugarcane under different planting depth and density

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
种植深度Planting Depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)产糖量Sugar yield/(t·hm–2)产量Sugarcane yield/(t·hm–2)含糖率Sugar content/%
303.08.6b47.4b18.1a
4.511.6a65.5a17.8ab
6.011.4a64.6a17.6ab
7.510.8a66.4a16.2b
均值10.6A61.0A17.4A
403.08.9b51.5b17.3a
4.510.9ab67.4a16.2a
6.011.5a68.9a16.7a
7.512.1a67.9a17.9a
均值10.9A63.9A17.0A
), ArticleFig(id=1276558436896739724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1276222194761994827, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同种植深度和密度下的甘蔗产糖量、产量及含糖率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
种植深度Planting Depth/cm种植密度Planting density/(buds·m–2)产糖量Sugar yield/(t·hm–2)产量Sugarcane yield/(t·hm–2)含糖率Sugar content/%
303.08.6b47.4b18.1a
4.511.6a65.5a17.8ab
6.011.4a64.6a17.6ab
7.510.8a66.4a16.2b
均值10.6A61.0A17.4A
403.08.9b51.5b17.3a
4.510.9ab67.4a16.2a
6.011.5a68.9a16.7a
7.512.1a67.9a17.9a
均值10.9A63.9A17.0A
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种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及抗倒伏的影响
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刘富成 1 , 李照杰 1 , 蔡文伟 2 , 吴伟 1, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(2): 330-339
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (2) : 330 -339
种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及抗倒伏的影响
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刘富成1, 李照杰1, 蔡文伟2, 吴伟1, *
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学热带作物学院/海南省耐盐作物生物技术重点实验室,海南海口 570228
  • 2.中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口 571101
通讯作者:
* 吴伟(WU Wei),E-mail:
Effects of Planting Density and Depth on Yield and Lodging Resistance in Sugarcane
Fucheng LIU1, Zhaojie LI1, Wenwei CAI2, Wei WU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University / Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Provincial, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
出版时间: 2024-02-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.02.013
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为进一步提高甘蔗单位面积产量,合理的种植密度和深度一直是常用的栽培技术手段。但在增加产量的同时,往往忽略了对甘蔗倒伏的影响。为确定不同种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及倒伏的影响,以甘蔗品种中糖3号为试验材料进行研究,试验共设计3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5芽/m2四个种植密度梯度及浅植(30 cm)、深植(40 cm)2种种植深度,对甘蔗的农艺性状、倒伏相关指数(根系倒伏与茎秆倒伏)和产量等进行测定。结果表明:随着甘蔗生育期不断推进,甘蔗根系和茎秆安全系数逐渐降低,在下种后180 d甘蔗根系倒伏和茎秆倒伏风险较大,处于敏感时期。种植密度从3芽/m2增加至6芽/m2,甘蔗产糖量(+32%)和产量(+36%)显著增加,同时甘蔗的茎秆倒伏抗性也随之增加。但进一步增加种植密度到7.5芽/m2时,产糖量和产量没有进一步显著增加,但增加了甘蔗的根倒伏风险。与种植深度30 cm相比,种植深度40 cm具有增加甘蔗产糖量(+2.8%)和产量(+4.8%)的趋势,二者差异不显著。因此,综合甘蔗产糖量、产量及抗倒伏等多个性状,认为种植深度40 cm,种植密度为6芽/m2可以在保证产量和产糖量的同时,提高甘蔗的倒伏抗性。

甘蔗  /  种植深度  /  种植密度  /  倒伏  /  产量

Reasonable planting density and depth are the common cultivation techniques to increase sugarcane yield per unit area. However, the effect on sugarcane lodging is often neglected when the yield is increased. Sugarcane variety Zhongtang 3 was used as the experimental material to determine the effect of different planting density and depth on the yield and lodging. Four planting density 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 buds/m2 and two planting depth of shallow planting (30 cm) and deep planting (40 cm) were designed in the experiment. The agronomic characters, lodging related index (root lodging and stalk lodging) and yield of sugarcane were measured. The results showed that as the growth period of sugarcane continued to advance, the safety factor of sugarcane root and stem gradually decreased, and the risk of root lodging and stem lodging of sugarcane was higher at 180 days after planting, which was in a sensitive period. When the planting density increased from 3 buds/m2 to 6 buds/m2, sugar yield (+32%) and yield (+36%) of sugarcane were significantly increased, and the stem lodging resistance of sugarcane was also increased. However, when the planting density was further increased to 7.5 buds/m2, the sugar yield and yield did not increase significantly, but the risk of root lodging was increased. Compared with planting depth of 30 cm, planting depth of 40 cm had a tendency to increase sugar yield (+2.8%) and yield (+4.8%), although there was no significant difference between them. Therefore, considering sugar yield, yield and lodging resistance of sugarcane, we believe that planting depth of 40 cm and planting density of 6 buds/m2 can improve lodging resistance of sugarcane while ensuring yield and sugar yield.

sugarcane  /  planting depth  /  planting density  /  lodging  /  production
刘富成, 李照杰, 蔡文伟, 吴伟. 种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及抗倒伏的影响. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (2) : 330 -339 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.02.013
Fucheng LIU, Zhaojie LI, Wenwei CAI, Wei WU. Effects of Planting Density and Depth on Yield and Lodging Resistance in Sugarcane[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (2) : 330 -339 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.02.013
甘蔗是我国重要的经济作物和糖料作物,甘蔗糖占我国食糖总量的90%以上,保障甘蔗产量对维护我国食糖安全,社会平稳运作至关重要[1-2]。随着耕地面积的不断减少,很难通过增加种植面积来提高我国甘蔗总产量,越来越多的农业科学家更加关注于通过增加甘蔗单位面积产量来提高甘蔗总产量[3]。在常规栽培措施管理中,增加种植密度是提高甘蔗产量的有效措施之一[4]。大量研究表明,增加种植密度可以通过个体与群体之间的补偿关系来提高其产量[5]。同时作物的倒伏抗性也随种植密度的改变而发生改变[6]
作物倒伏是发挥作物高产的主要限制因素之一[7]。倒伏发生后,会影响养分和水分的运输以及光合产量的积累[8]。倒伏还会增加叶面病害的发生以及降低甘蔗的品质。此外,倒伏降低了甘蔗的冠层高度,增加了甘蔗的机械收获难度及生产成本[9]。据统计,我国常年发生不同程度倒伏的甘蔗面积约占总种植面积的30%以上,即使在台风和季风影响轻微的年份,倒伏发生率也占20%左右[10]。可见,提高甘蔗倒伏抗性对提高甘蔗产量,推进甘蔗机械化收获的实施至关重要。
倒伏一般分为茎秆倒伏与根系倒伏[11]。茎秆倒伏是指甘蔗的茎基部不能承受地上部鲜重,导致茎秆出现弯曲甚至折断的现象[12]。根系倒伏是指甘蔗的根土锚固系统不能支持地上部力矩而出现整株倾斜的现象[13]。尽管2种倒伏形式在实际倒伏中会同时发生,但不同种植密度对二者的影响机制并不一致。茎秆倒伏主要与茎秆基部的抗折力、杨氏模量、弯曲刚度及结构性碳水化合物有关[14]。根系倒伏主要受根系大小、立体构型、力学特征及土壤的质地及水分状况有关[15]。目前,大多数研究只关注甘蔗的茎秆倒伏,而对根系倒伏研究较少。此外,很少研究同时评价不同种植密度对茎秆倒伏和根系倒伏的影响。分别评价茎秆倒伏与根系倒伏,对更好地降低甘蔗倒伏风险非常必要。
提高种植深度是保证产量和倒伏抗性的有效栽培手段[16]。前人研究表明,种植深度促进甘蔗根系的发育,增加根系的根尖数、总根长及根粗,促进根系对养分的吸收[17]。假设在高密度群体下,通过提高种植深度可以促进根系生长和植株对养分的吸收,从而提高单株产量。同时,提高种植深度还能增加根土锚固强度,降低倒伏风险。但目前关于种植密度与深度的交互作用对甘蔗产量及倒伏抗性的影响鲜有报道。因此,本研究以中糖3号为试验品种,探讨不同密度及深度对甘蔗产量及倒伏抗性之间的关系,以期为同时提高甘蔗产量和抗倒伏能力提供参考。
试验于2021年3月至2022年1月在海南省临高县皇桐镇中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所甘蔗试验基地进行,该基地属于热带季风气候,雨热同期,年平均气温25 ℃以上,土壤类型为砖红壤。
供试材料为甘蔗品种中糖3号,由中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所培育,已获得品种登记[GPD甘蔗(2020)460042],并且该品种已培育健康种苗(种茎)在广西扶绥、来宾,云南耿马,广东湛江以及海南等蔗区进行推广示范,但目前还未形成大规模生产种植。该品种主要生长特征和特性:中晚熟高产高糖品种,株型紧凑,植株高大,节间较长,脱叶性好;中至大茎,蔗茎直立均匀,内容充实,不易倒伏;新植出苗整齐,宿根萌芽率高,有效茎数多,宿根性较好,高产;中后期蔗糖分较高;中抗黑穗病,高抗花叶病。
试验采用裂区设计。主区为2个不同的种植深度,分别为30 cm和40 cm。副区为4个种植密度,分别为3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5芽/m2。每处理重复3次,共24个小区,各小区面积24 m2,行距120 cm,在苗期通过人工定苗的方式确定种植密度。深度处理采用在常规起垄深度(30 cm)基础上进行人工再挖深10 cm。基肥施用复合肥(N∶P∶K=18∶22∶5),用量为300 kg/hm2,后期追施氮肥为纯氮240 kg/hm2,分别于苗期、分蘖期、伸长初期、伸长中期施用,施用比例为2∶2∶3∶3。整个甘蔗生育期的管理与常规大田生产管理一致。
(1)测定时期。甘蔗下种于2021年3月5日,为确定整个生育时期甘蔗的倒伏抗性变化,分别在下种后90 d(6月30日)、120 d(7月30日)、150 d(8月30日)、180 d(9月30日)、210 d(10月30日)、240 d(11月30日)及270 d(12月30日)对甘蔗进行根倒伏及茎倒伏测定。
(2)人工根系倒伏模拟。根锚固强度Sr(Nm)是根系与土壤结合强度和对植株支撑的条件。参照WU等[18]和DELDEN等[19]的方法,在每个小区随机选择3株具有代表性的甘蔗植株,剪去基茎40 cm以上部分,使用测力计(Mecmesin,Slinfold,UK; reading up to 1.5 Nm in 0.0001 Nm intervals)在基茎距地面35 cm(Lr)处测定基茎与地面垂直方向成倾斜30°时的根锚固力(F30°)。根锚固强度计算公式为:Sr=F30°×Lr。再在每个小区随机选取3株具有代表性的甘蔗植株,测量整株的株高、重心高度(hr)及鲜重(mr)。重心高度(hr)的测定使用一条细小圆滑的钢管将甘蔗植株放置上面,直至头尾达到平衡,即平衡点到头部为重心高度。然后分别将地上部分(不含40 cm茎秆)与40 cm茎秆用吊牌一一对应标记,并带回实验室进行其他指标的测定。
(3)人工茎秆倒伏模拟。茎秆倒伏与根系倒伏在同一天完成。分别记录地上部分(不含40 cm茎秆)的株高、重心高度(hs)及鲜重(ms)。在本研究中,仅考虑甘蔗自身的倒伏抗性。因此,在茎秆倒伏中,仅考虑不包含40 cm茎秆部分的自重与茎秆抗折力的关系;在根系倒伏中,考虑整个植株的自重与根系锚固强度的关系。用立式MultiTest 2.5-d仪,采用三点弯曲实验测定茎秆的茎秆抗折力。将40 cm茎秆水平放置于2个支点上,在茎秆中心位置持续施加相同的力,直至茎秆断裂,2个支点的距离为30 cm(Ls)。通过与立式MultiTest 2.5-d仪连接的电脑软件(EmperorForce and Torque Testing Software)计算茎秆最大弯曲力(Fmax)和弯曲力与位移的最大斜率(dF/dY)。由于基茎近似圆柱型,因此茎弯曲强度Ss(Nm)计算公式为:Ss=Fmax×Ls/4[20]。使用游标卡尺测量40 cm基茎的折断位置的最大直径(a)与最小直径(b),二者的平均值作为甘蔗的茎粗。后将甘蔗基茎装入信封袋,于95 ℃烘箱中烘干72 h至恒重并记录干重(g),其中,茎秆充实度(g/cm)=茎秆干重/40 cm。
(4)倒伏“安全系数”的计算。采用“安全系数”来评价甘蔗的倒伏抗性,即安全系数越高,甘蔗抗倒伏能力越强。根据WU等[18]的方法,茎秆安全系数(SFs)和根系安全系数(SFr)计算公式如下:
式中,SsSr分别为茎弯曲强度和根锚固强度,其中MsMr分别为茎(除40 cm基茎外)和整个植株在θ°时的重力矩,计算公式如下:
式中,θ表示植株与地面垂直方向的倾斜角;hshr分别表示茎(除40 cm基茎外)和整株的重心高度(cm);msmr分别表示茎(除40 cm基茎外)和整株的鲜重(g);g表示重力加速度(N/kg)。
此外,茎秆的力学特性,包括茎秆弯曲刚度(EI)、弹性杨氏模量(E)和界面惯性距(I),具体计算公式如下:
式中,Ls和dF/dY分别为测定基茎抗折力时立式MultiTest2.5-d仪2个支撑点的距离及弯曲力与位移的最大斜率;ab分别表示甘蔗直径横截面中的长轴和短轴。
(5)甘蔗产量及含糖率的测定。成熟期时,在每个小区随机选取面积为3.6 m2(3.0 m×1.2 m)的区域测定甘蔗产量(t/hm2)。同时选取3株甘蔗测定含糖率,分别在甘蔗的基部、中部及尾部使用糖度计测定含糖率,最终3个点含糖率的平均值作为甘蔗的含糖率(%)。甘蔗产糖量计算公式如下:产糖量(t/hm2)=总产量×含糖率。
利用WPS Office 2020软件进行数据处理,利用DPS系统进行数据显著性分析,采用LSD法进行多重比较方差分析,采用Origin 2021软件制图。
不同生育时期的SFs与SFr图1A所示,随着生育进程的推进,SFr和SFs呈先下降后逐渐平稳的趋势,下种后180 d,SFs与SFr变化趋势不明显,说明此时期后的甘蔗一直存在较大的倒伏风险。与下种后90 d相比,下种后180 d的SFr和SFs分别下降了138%与342%,下种后210 d的SFr和SFs分别下降了127%与346%。随着生育进程的推进,MsMr呈逐渐上升的趋势,SrSs从下种后180 d至270 d先呈逐渐上升后下降的趋势。基于以上结果,为深入了解不同种植密度及深度对甘蔗根系倒伏与茎秆倒伏的影响,对下种后180 d与下种后210 d的甘蔗倒伏相关性状进行深入分析。
由方差分析可知,种植密度对甘蔗株高、重心高度、鲜重、茎粗及茎秆充实度均有显著影响,种植深度与密度交互对上述农艺性状无显著影响。由表1可知,下种后180 d,种植深度30 cm中,甘蔗鲜重、茎粗随着种植密度的增加而降低,与种植密度3.0芽/m2相比,在7.5芽/m2时分别降低82.3%和25.1%;种植深度40 cm中,甘蔗鲜重、茎粗及茎秆充实度随着种植密度的增加而降低,与3.0芽/m2相比,在7.5芽/m2时分别降低128%、35.8%和94.6%。
下种后210 d,种植深度30 cm中,随着种植密度的增加,甘蔗鲜重和茎粗呈降低趋势,7.5芽/m2处理较3.0芽/m2相比分别降低96.8%和39.9%;在种植深度40 cm中,株高和茎粗也随着种植密度的增加而降低,与3.0芽/m2相比,在7.5芽/m2时分别降低14.6%和29.4%。
表2可知,在下种后180 d时,甘蔗茎相关指数I随着种植密度的增加而降低,与3.0芽/m2相比,在7.5芽/m2时种植深度30 cm中降低141%,在40 cm中降低244.4%,EI在40 cm中也随着密度的增加而降低。在下种后210 d时,在种植深度30 cm中EI和I均随着种植密度的增加而降低,而E随着种植密度增加而增加,与3.0芽/m2相比,EI和I在7.5芽/m2时分别降低73.7%和300%,E在7.5芽/m2时提高110%;而在40 cm中,EI、EI随着种植密度增加无显著性变化趋势。
不同种植密度对甘蔗SFsSsSrMsMr均具有显著影响,而不同种植深度以及种植密度×种植深度交互对甘蔗倒伏相关指数无显著影响(表3)。由图2可知,下种后180 d,种植深度30 cm中,SFs和SFr随着种植密度的增加具有增加的趋势,而在40 cm中呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,在6.0芽/m2时最高。在种植深度30 cm中,SsMsMr随着种植密度的增加而降低,种植深度40 cm中,SsSrMsMr随着种植密度增加而降低,种植深度30 cm中,与3.0芽/m2相比,7.5芽/m2处理下SsMsMr分别降低61.1%、93.7%和91.6%。
图3可知,下种后210 d,种植深度30 cm中,SFs在6.0、7.5芽/m2时高于3.0、4.5芽/m2,SFr在6.0芽/m2时最高,种植深度40 cm中,SFs和SFr与下种后180 d时具有类似的变化趋势,在6.0芽/m2时最高。在下种后180 d与下种后210 d中,SFs比SFr总体分别提高11.6%和9.6%,因此可知甘蔗茎抗倒伏比根抗倒伏能力强。
表4可知,种植密度对甘蔗产糖量和产量有显著影响,而对含糖率无显著影响,种植深度以及与密度互作对产量、产糖量和含糖率均无显著影响(表3)。在种植深度30 cm和40 cm中,产量分别在7.5芽/m2和6.0芽/m2最高,分别达到66.4、68.9 t/hm2,而产糖量分别在4.5、7.5芽/m2时最高,分别达到11.6、12.1 t/hm2。在不考虑种植深度时,与3.0芽/m2相比,4.5、6.0芽/m2处理的产糖量分别提高34.9%和32.6%,产量分别提高38.2%,36.3%。虽然种植深度间产糖量和产量无显著性差异,但相对种植深度30 cm而言,种植深度40 cm具有提高产糖量(2.8%)和产量(4.8%)的趋势。
倒伏是制约甘蔗产量提高的主要限制因子,明确不同生育时期的倒伏变化对提高甘蔗产量和倒伏抗性至关重要[21]。本研究表明,随着甘蔗生育期不断推进,在下种180 d后甘蔗的倒伏风险达到最大,之后基本不再发生明显变化。这主要是因为株高和鲜重不断增加,增加了MsMr,增大了甘蔗的倒伏风险,SFs和SFr在下种180 d后出现变化平缓是由于MsMr的增加在下种180 d之后的变化比下种180 d之前小,同时也说明甘蔗在下种后180 d之前比之后生长更快。吴炫柯等[22]研究表明甘蔗在伸长期处于产量形成的关键时期,倒伏会显著影响甘蔗的光合能力及干物质积累,降低甘蔗产量。此外,在海南地区,此时期处于台风及极端天气频发的季节,不利的环境因子也进一步增加了甘蔗的倒伏风险[23]。因此,在甘蔗下种后180 d时(9月)及之后应采取农学管理措施来降低甘蔗的倒伏风险,比如合理的肥水管理等。
本研究表明,当种植密度从3芽/m2增加至6芽/m2,甘蔗的产糖量显著增加。这主要是因为增加种植密度,增加了单位面积产量,而对含糖率无显著影响。林良文等[5]研究也发现增加种植密度可以优化甘蔗的群体结构,增加群体之间的透光率,提升群体光合能力,最终提高产量。此外,甘蔗的茎秆倒伏抗性也随之增加。与3芽/m2相比,尽管6芽/m2处理显著降低了甘蔗的茎粗、茎秆充实度、茎秆弯曲刚度及界面惯性距,但也降低了甘蔗的重心高度、单株鲜重及Ms。种植密度对前者的影响程度小于后者,因此增加种植密度到6芽/m2会增加甘蔗的茎秆倒伏抗性。但进一步增加种植密度至7.5芽/m2时,产糖量没有进一步显著增加,但提高了甘蔗的根倒伏风险。因此,本研究认为6芽/m2是甘蔗的最佳种植密度,可以在保证产量、产糖量的同时,提高甘蔗的倒伏抗性。
研究还表明,增加种植深度也能提高甘蔗的产糖量和产量,尽管差异并不显著。前人研究表明,增加种植深度可以促进根系的发育,提高甘蔗吸收土壤中水分和养分的能力,最终提高产量及产糖量[24]。廖青等[25]研究发现增加种植深度显著增加了甘蔗的发株率、分蘖率及产量相关性状,例如株高、茎粗等。谭琴[26]的研究也表明,深耕深松种植甘蔗较常规种植的甘蔗产量增加了10.5%,增产效果明显,与本研究结果一致。与种植深度30 cm相比,增加种植深度至40 cm未增加甘蔗的倒伏风险,这主要是因为甘蔗的SsSr基本保持一致。杨惠淳[17]的研究发现增加种植深度可以降低甘蔗的倒伏发生率。与本研究结果不一致的原因可能是2个试验的深度处理不同所致。因此,种植深度40 cm可以在不影响倒伏的前提下提高甘蔗的产糖量及产量。
本研究结果表明,下种180 d后甘蔗一直处于倒伏敏感期,倒伏风险相对较高。种植密度从3芽/m2增加至6芽/m2,甘蔗的产糖量(+32%)和产量(+36%)显著增加。这主要是因为增加种植密度,增加了单位面积群体数量从而增加产量,另外,甘蔗的茎秆倒伏抗性也随之增加。但进一步增加种植密度到7.5芽/m2时,产糖量和产量没有进一步显著增加,但增加了甘蔗的根倒伏风险。由方差分析可知,种植深度间倒伏相关指数、产糖量及产量无显著差异,但对于种植深度30 cm而言,种植深度40 cm能促进甘蔗产糖量(+2.8%)和产量(+4.8%)的提高。因此,根据产量、产糖量及倒伏抗性综合考虑,认为种植深度40 cm,种植密度为6芽/m2可以在保证产量、产糖量的同时,提高甘蔗的倒伏抗性。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(32060442)
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2024年第45卷第2期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.02.013
  • 接收时间:2022-09-07
  • 首发时间:2026-06-23
  • 出版时间:2024-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-07
  • 修回日期:2022-11-07
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32060442)
作者信息
    1.海南大学热带作物学院/海南省耐盐作物生物技术重点实验室,海南海口 570228
    2.中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口 571101

通讯作者:

* 吴伟(WU Wei),E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.02.013
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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