Article(id=1277255827291508837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1659369600000, receivedDateStr=2022-08-02, revisedDate=1668355200000, revisedDateStr=2022-11-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782451119491, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782451119491, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782451119491, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782451119491, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277255754218337268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1706112000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782451102069, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782451256326, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=114, endPage=121, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277255827585110119, articleId=1277255827291508837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Effects of Salt Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Morinda citrifolia Seedlings in Hydroponics, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to clarify the salt tolerance range of Morinda citrifolia seedlings and the effect of salt stress on the growth of M. citrifolia seedlings, the M. citrifolia seedlings cultured in water for 180 days were used as materials, and the basic medium was 1/8 MS liquid medium, in which NaCl with mass fractions of 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% were added respectively for stress treatment. The results showed that with the increase of NaCl stress concentration and stress time, the relative water content (RWC) and biomass of M. citrifolia leaves gradually decreased, and the contents of soluble protein (SP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) gradually increased first and then decreased. The protective enzyme activity of M. citrifolia seedlings changes significantly with the increase of NaCl stress concentration and the passage of stress time. In the range of NaCl concentration below 0.8%, M. citrifolia can reduce damage and ensure growth by regulating osmotic substances and antioxidant enzymes. When NaCl concentration is in the range of 0.8% or above, the protective enzyme system and cell membrane are seriously damaged, which affects the growth of M. citrifolia. Therefore, the seedlings of M. citrifolia can be tested in the area with NaCl concentration below 0.8%.

, authors=Can JIN, Xuan WANG, Shusen GONG, Zhenghai SUN, Tian WU*, authorsList=Can JIN, Xuan WANG, Shusen GONG, Zhenghai SUN, Tian WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Tian WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277255828486885485, articleId=1277255827291508837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=盐胁迫对水培海巴戟幼苗生理特性的影响, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为明确海巴戟幼苗对盐的耐受范围及盐胁迫对海巴戟幼苗生长的影响,以水培180 d的海巴戟苗为材料,基本培养基为1/8 MS液体培养基,其中分别加入质量分数为0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%和1.0%的NaCl进行胁迫处理。结果表明:随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加与胁迫时间的推移,海巴戟叶片相对含水量(relative water content,RWC)与生物量逐渐降低,可溶性蛋白(soluble protein,SP)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性均表现为先增加后减少的趋势。海巴戟幼苗的保护酶活性随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加与胁迫时间的推移发生显著变化,在NaCl浓度0.8%以下范围,海巴戟可以通过调节渗透物质和抗氧化物酶来减轻伤害,保证生长;当NaCl浓度在0.8%及以上范围时,保护酶系统与细胞膜受损严重,进而影响海巴戟生长。因此,海巴戟幼苗可以在0.8%以下NaCl浓度范围的区域试种。

, authors=金璨, 王璇, 宫树森, 孙正海, 吴田*, authorsList=金璨, 王璇, 宫树森, 孙正海, 吴田, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=吴田, authorNote=

金璨(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物分子生物学。

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* 吴田(WU Tian),E-mail:
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Effect of different salt stress on physiological and biochemical properties of viburnum japonicum[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2022, 42(1): 24-30. 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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Progresses in research on molecular biology of abiotic stress responses in vegetable crops, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1279857872674730631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, awardId=[2019]27, language=CN, fundingSource=国家林业和草原局项目“诺丽果高产优质生产及加工技术推广示范”([2019]27), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857872867668616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, awardId=2019IB011, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目“特色优势植物木蝴蝶、诺丽、红掌集成培育技术老挝示范推广”(2019IB011), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1279857865083040344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857865091428953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, companyId=1279857865083040344, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University / Yunnan Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization Technology Engineering Research Center / State Forestry and Grassland Administration Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Technology Research Center, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857865099817562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, companyId=1279857865083040344, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=西南林业大学园林园艺学院/云南省功能性花卉资源及产业化技术工程研究中心/国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南昆明 650224)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1279857870330114687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Growth of M. citrifolia seedlings under stress at different salt concentrations for 20 d, figureFileSmall=DZPFKFhhFWLwT0urXMgB5w==, figureFileBig=RqJpUuqfi2fWOBUVCsNvLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857870401417856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同盐浓度胁迫20 d诺丽幼苗生长情况, figureFileSmall=DZPFKFhhFWLwT0urXMgB5w==, figureFileBig=RqJpUuqfi2fWOBUVCsNvLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857870489498241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Effects of salt stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of M. citrifolia seedlings under hydroponics, figureFileSmall=zzQSzsDFGsJzObe6SCL65g==, figureFileBig=p4io8jfVIHhoduOVXfWllA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857870556607106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=CN, label=图2, caption=水培条件下盐胁迫对海巴戟幼苗生理生化特性的影响, figureFileSmall=zzQSzsDFGsJzObe6SCL65g==, figureFileBig=p4io8jfVIHhoduOVXfWllA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857870636298883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Effects of salt stress on biomass and relative water content of M. citrifolia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NaCl浓度NaCl concentration/%相对含水量RWC/%单株根质量Single root mass/g单株茎质量Single stem mass/g单株叶质量Single leaf quality/g
鲜重Fresh weight干重Dry weight鲜重Fresh weight干重Dry weight鲜重Fresh weight干重Dry weight
0(CK)74.30a0.5967±0.0005a0.0812±0.0011a0.2978±0.0017a0.0742±0.0037a1.2998±0.0004a0.2695±0.0008a
0.274.56a0.5983±0.0023a0.0813±0.0017a0.3004±0.0068a0.0746±0.0011a1.2994±0.0018a0.2698±0.0006a
0.468.60b0.5889±0.0006b0.0796±0.0005a0.2887±0.0008b0.0718±0.0009ab1.2963±0.0006a0.2672±0.0001b
0.662.85c0.5798±0.0017c0.0774±0.0013b0.2791±0.0008c0.0701±0.0006bc1.2862±0.0008b0.2628±0.0008c
0.853.24d0.5732±0.0003d0.0758±0.0001bc0.2728±0.0006d0.0678±0.0008cd1.2645±0.0026c0.2548±0.0013d
1.045.60e0.5643±0.0051e0.0741±0.0008c0.266±0.0020e0.0663±0.0003d1.2412±0.0038d0.2502±0.0013e
), ArticleFig(id=1279857870690824836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

盐胁迫对海巴戟生物量与RWC的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NaCl浓度NaCl concentration/%相对含水量RWC/%单株根质量Single root mass/g单株茎质量Single stem mass/g单株叶质量Single leaf quality/g
鲜重Fresh weight干重Dry weight鲜重Fresh weight干重Dry weight鲜重Fresh weight干重Dry weight
0(CK)74.30a0.5967±0.0005a0.0812±0.0011a0.2978±0.0017a0.0742±0.0037a1.2998±0.0004a0.2695±0.0008a
0.274.56a0.5983±0.0023a0.0813±0.0017a0.3004±0.0068a0.0746±0.0011a1.2994±0.0018a0.2698±0.0006a
0.468.60b0.5889±0.0006b0.0796±0.0005a0.2887±0.0008b0.0718±0.0009ab1.2963±0.0006a0.2672±0.0001b
0.662.85c0.5798±0.0017c0.0774±0.0013b0.2791±0.0008c0.0701±0.0006bc1.2862±0.0008b0.2628±0.0008c
0.853.24d0.5732±0.0003d0.0758±0.0001bc0.2728±0.0006d0.0678±0.0008cd1.2645±0.0026c0.2548±0.0013d
1.045.60e0.5643±0.0051e0.0741±0.0008c0.266±0.0020e0.0663±0.0003d1.2412±0.0038d0.2502±0.0013e
), ArticleFig(id=1279857870770516613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Correlation analysis of metrics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndexSPSODCATPODAPXMDARWC
SP1
SOD0.816**1
CAT0.583*0.844**1
POD0.4260.241–0.2021
APX0.612**0.3920.0520.794**1
MDA0.761**0.591**0.4380.0610.4471
RWC–0.0771**–0.0811**–0.0886**0.206–0.143–0.745**1
), ArticleFig(id=1279857870833431174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255827291508837, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

指标的相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IndexSPSODCATPODAPXMDARWC
SP1
SOD0.816**1
CAT0.583*0.844**1
POD0.4260.241–0.2021
APX0.612**0.3920.0520.794**1
MDA0.761**0.591**0.4380.0610.4471
RWC–0.0771**–0.0811**–0.0886**0.206–0.143–0.745**1
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盐胁迫对水培海巴戟幼苗生理特性的影响
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金璨 , 王璇 , 宫树森 , 孙正海 , 吴田 *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(1): 114-121
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (1) : 114 -121
盐胁迫对水培海巴戟幼苗生理特性的影响
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金璨, 王璇, 宫树森, 孙正海, 吴田*
作者信息
  • 西南林业大学园林园艺学院/云南省功能性花卉资源及产业化技术工程研究中心/国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南昆明 650224
通讯作者:
* 吴田(WU Tian),E-mail:
作者简介:

金璨(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物分子生物学。

Effects of Salt Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Morinda citrifolia Seedlings in Hydroponics
Can JIN, Xuan WANG, Shusen GONG, Zhenghai SUN, Tian WU*
Affiliations
  • College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University / Yunnan Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization Technology Engineering Research Center / State Forestry and Grassland Administration Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Technology Research Center, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.012
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为明确海巴戟幼苗对盐的耐受范围及盐胁迫对海巴戟幼苗生长的影响,以水培180 d的海巴戟苗为材料,基本培养基为1/8 MS液体培养基,其中分别加入质量分数为0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%和1.0%的NaCl进行胁迫处理。结果表明:随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加与胁迫时间的推移,海巴戟叶片相对含水量(relative water content,RWC)与生物量逐渐降低,可溶性蛋白(soluble protein,SP)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性均表现为先增加后减少的趋势。海巴戟幼苗的保护酶活性随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加与胁迫时间的推移发生显著变化,在NaCl浓度0.8%以下范围,海巴戟可以通过调节渗透物质和抗氧化物酶来减轻伤害,保证生长;当NaCl浓度在0.8%及以上范围时,保护酶系统与细胞膜受损严重,进而影响海巴戟生长。因此,海巴戟幼苗可以在0.8%以下NaCl浓度范围的区域试种。

海巴戟  /  水培  /  盐胁迫  /  生理指标  /  保护酶活性

In order to clarify the salt tolerance range of Morinda citrifolia seedlings and the effect of salt stress on the growth of M. citrifolia seedlings, the M. citrifolia seedlings cultured in water for 180 days were used as materials, and the basic medium was 1/8 MS liquid medium, in which NaCl with mass fractions of 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% were added respectively for stress treatment. The results showed that with the increase of NaCl stress concentration and stress time, the relative water content (RWC) and biomass of M. citrifolia leaves gradually decreased, and the contents of soluble protein (SP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) gradually increased first and then decreased. The protective enzyme activity of M. citrifolia seedlings changes significantly with the increase of NaCl stress concentration and the passage of stress time. In the range of NaCl concentration below 0.8%, M. citrifolia can reduce damage and ensure growth by regulating osmotic substances and antioxidant enzymes. When NaCl concentration is in the range of 0.8% or above, the protective enzyme system and cell membrane are seriously damaged, which affects the growth of M. citrifolia. Therefore, the seedlings of M. citrifolia can be tested in the area with NaCl concentration below 0.8%.

Morinda citrifolia  /  hydroponics  /  salt stress  /  physiological indicators  /  protective enzyme activity
金璨, 王璇, 宫树森, 孙正海, 吴田. 盐胁迫对水培海巴戟幼苗生理特性的影响. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (1) : 114 -121 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.012
Can JIN, Xuan WANG, Shusen GONG, Zhenghai SUN, Tian WU. Effects of Salt Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Morinda citrifolia Seedlings in Hydroponics[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (1) : 114 -121 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.012
海巴戟(Morinda citrifolia L.)是一种常绿多年生阔叶小乔木、灌木,茜草科巴戟天属植物,原产于美国东南部[1],现广泛分布于南太平洋地区,菲律宾,以及中国海南岛、台湾岛、云南西双版纳、元江等地[2]。海巴戟果实可食用,作为天然药物已有上千年应用历史[3],属于珍贵资源。海巴戟含有160多种有效成分,其中包括植物碱和多糖类活性成分[4],如黄酮[5]、皂甙[6-7]、熊果酸[8]等,可用于预防或改善各种慢性疾病,包括活性氧(ROS)损伤、糖尿病、高血压和疟疾[9],此外还含有人体必需的大量矿物质和维生素[10],具有重要开发潜力和利用价值。
我国盐碱地分布广,面积大,全国覆盖有3461万hm2盐碱地,其中盐碱化的农业用地面积达760万hm2,占比20%[11]。土壤盐碱化已成为当今农业发展的主要阻碍因素之一,有研究预测,到2050年,全球盐碱耕地比例将至50%。盐碱土地是今后重要的潜力后备土地资源,合理开发利用盐碱土地对于我国农业增产与发展作用不可小觑[12]。目前,许多研究利用生物改良法,将耐盐性作物种植于盐碱地吸收土壤中多盐分降低耕作层的盐分,并增加土壤中的有机质,从而使盐碱土地得到改善。滨海盐渍土壤地区种植过紫花苜蓿的地块比空白地块的土壤可溶性盐含量明显降低,并且土壤的有机质、肥力和氮含量都有一定程度的增加[13]。海巴戟是一种典型的热带植物,然而目前由于环境条件的制约,当下产业化生产用的海巴戟只在热带沿海或雨林地区栽培,海巴戟的自然分布与种植范围均较小且分散。从海巴戟广泛分布于太平洋南部诸岛屿这一特点上看[14],它能适应于NaCl含量浓度较高的海滩区生存,理论上耐盐性较强。因此,明确海巴戟对盐的耐受程度及了解海巴戟的耐盐机理是发展海巴戟产业同时利用与改善盐渍化土壤的有效途径之一。
本研究在前期建立的海巴戟水培体系的基础上,以水培180 d的海巴戟苗为试验材料,分别选取5个不同质量分数的NaCl溶液进行盐胁迫处理,检测海巴戟幼苗根、茎、叶的生物量与叶片相对含水量(relative water content,RWC)。测定可溶性蛋白(soluble protein,SP)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)几个生理指标,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)2个抗氧化酶。以了解在盐胁迫下的各个指标的变化,明确海巴戟幼苗对NaCl的耐受范围,为扩大海巴戟种植范围提供理论依据并为探究海巴戟的耐盐机理奠定基础。
海巴戟苗取自西南林业大学园林园艺学院组培室,为无菌苗,每90 d扩繁继代1次。预处理时留取海巴戟茎尖3 cm左右,剪去其余部分。配制MS液体培养基,稀释成1/8 MS,并添加生长素0.2 mg/L NAA,然后将上述海巴戟茎尖插于漂浮板上放入溶液中进行培养,每5 d更换1次溶液,培养180 d。组培室的温度设定在(26±2)℃,光照强度为3000 lx,光照时间为12 h/d。试验用质量分数为0(CK)、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%的NaCl溶液对水培180 d的海巴戟苗进行处理,NaCl溶于水培的溶液中,每5 d更换1次,每个处理25棵海巴戟苗,各处理重复3次。
胁迫20 d后,随机选取3株,先将每株根茎叶的水分用滤纸吸干后,再分别称量各株根茎叶的鲜重,放入烘箱中105 ℃烘干30 min,然后80 ℃烘干至恒重,并称量干重。
海巴戟叶片RWC采用烘干称重法测定[15],取NaCl胁迫20 d后的新鲜叶片测量鲜重(W0),洗净叶片表面污物再将叶片没进蒸馏水中浸泡,从叶片开始浸泡至浸泡结束,期间每15 min进行1次重量测量,测量至叶片重量无变化时停止浸泡,此时叶片重量为叶片的饱和鲜重(W1),然后在105 ℃烘箱中杀青30 min,70 ℃下烘干至恒重,称量叶片干重(W2)。
每5 d取样1次,每次取样选取相同部位的叶片,保存于–80 ℃的超低温冰箱中,用于SP、MDA、SOD、POD生理指标的测定及CAT、APX抗氧化酶的测定,重复3次。参照李合生[16]的方法,SP含量采用考马斯亮蓝G-250染色法测定,MDA含量采用硫代巴比妥酸法测定,SOD活性采用氮蓝四唑法测定,CAT活性采用紫外吸收法测定,APX活性测定采用ASA氧化法,POD活性采用愈创木酚法测定。
采用Microsoft Excel 2007软件进行标准差数据处理,使用Dunnett-t检验方法通过SPSS 22软件进行差异显著性分析。
20 d胁迫结束后,0.2%NaCl胁迫下的海巴戟幼苗的生长情况与对照组相比无显著差异(图1)。随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加,海巴戟幼苗株高、茎粗和叶片数降低,受盐害症状最快显著表现于叶片。因此,本试验对海巴戟幼苗生理指标的测定检测部位选择在叶片,越高浓度的NaCl胁迫下其叶片相比对照组越瘦小。NaCl胁迫浓度为0.8%的海巴戟幼苗主根细短,侧根减少,残存叶片萎蔫,过半植株出现死亡现象,0.8%为海巴戟幼苗在NaCl胁迫下的半致死浓度,NaCl胁迫浓度为1.0%的海巴戟幼苗全部脱水死亡,因此,在相关生理指标检测中只测定了1.0%及以下浓度的NaCl处理幼苗。
经过不同NaCl浓度胁迫处理20 d以后,海巴戟叶片的RWC呈现下降趋势,NaCl浓度越高下降越明显(表1)。0.2% NaCl胁迫下,叶片的RWC与CK组分别为74.56%、74.30%,但无显著差异。0.4% NaCl胁迫下,叶片的RWC开始呈现下降趋势,RWC为CK组的92.33%,且差异显著。随着NaCl浓度的增加,叶片的RWC均呈下降趋势,且均与CK组形成显著性差异,1.0% NaCl胁迫下,叶片的RWC仅有CK组的61.37%。
0.2%NaCl胁迫下,海巴戟苗生物量的根茎叶部分分别比CK组高0.12%、0.54%、0.11%,无显著差异(P>0.05)(表1),说明低浓度的NaCl胁迫对海巴戟苗生长未造成胁迫伤害。随着NaCl浓度的增加,海巴戟根在0.8%与1.0%NaCl胁迫下的生物量均显著低于其他浓度。CK组下海巴戟叶片生物量占总生物量的63.42%,各盐浓度下叶片生物量分别占总生物量的63.38%、63.83%、64.05%、63.96%、65.05%,可见,叶片生物量所占比例会随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加而增大,说明盐胁迫下海巴戟苗生物量的积累优先表现于叶片。
从整体上看,随NaCl处理浓度与时间的增加,海巴戟叶片SP含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势(图2A),NaCl胁迫浓度越高,SP含量上升的幅度也相对较大。10 d时,1% NaCl胁迫下SP含量达到最高,与CK组相比,其含量提高了1.18 mg/g,呈显著差异(P<0.05),后随着胁迫时间的增加,SP含量呈下降趋势。NaCl胁迫下,海巴戟幼苗SP含量最高时,为其耐NaCl胁迫能力的范围极限,这表明在超出一定的耐盐能力时,海巴戟幼苗的生长受到伤害。1.0% NaCl胁迫下,SP含量在胁迫处理的各时间段与CK组相比分别提高98.63%、176.1%、132.35%、84.00%。
随着NaCl浓度的增加及胁迫时间的推移,海巴戟叶片的MDA含量呈先上升后下降的趋势(图2B),各盐浓度胁迫下0~10 d时的上升幅度明显低于10~15 d,从15~20 d呈下降趋势。NaCl胁迫处理10 d时,各NaCl浓度分别与CK组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。NaCl胁迫处理15 d时,MDA含量出现最大值,0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%与CK组相比分别上升了39.67%、46.81%、53.49%、85.03%、100.00%,MDA含量增加较大的NaCl浓度分别为0.8%、1.0%。随后MDA含量开始下降,其中1.0%NaCl胁迫下降幅度最大,20 d时,各NaCl浓度胁迫下的MDA含量与CK组相比均呈显著差异。表明随着NaCl浓度增加和胁迫时间的推移,海巴戟叶片细胞膜的受损程度也在增加,导致细胞膜脂质过氧化程度加大。
1.0% NaCl胁迫一段时间后,海巴戟叶片的SOD活性随着时间的推移呈现先增加后减少的趋势(图2C),各时间段下SOD活性均显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。0.8% NaCl胁迫10 d时SOD活性达到最大值,其余NaCl浓度胁迫下,SOD活性均在15 d时达到最大值。15 d时与CK相比,SOD活性在0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0% NaCl浓度胁迫下分别增加了29.29%、30.00%、35.48%、50.12%、83.33%,这表明一定程度的盐胁迫可使海巴戟叶片的SOD活性上升。随着胁迫时间的推移,SOD的活性则呈下降趋势。在胁迫进行至20 d时,各NaCl浓度下的SOD活性分别比CK组提高20.46%、17.47%、13.79%,27.59%、40.00%,均差异显著。
在1.0%NaCl胁迫下,海巴戟叶片的过氧化氢酶活性随着胁迫时间的推移呈现先上升后下降趋势(图2D),均显著高于CK处理(P<0.05),15 d时达到最大值,随着胁迫时间的推移,CAT活性呈下降趋势。各NaCl浓度在胁迫10 d时,0.2%、0.4%NaCl胁迫下的CAT活性无显著差异,其余浓度下差异显著。胁迫20 d时,0.2%与0.4%NaCl胁迫下的CAT活性差异不显著。0.2%和0.4%NaCl的整个胁迫时间段,叶片中CAT活性变化幅度不大。综上所述,海巴戟叶片在受到较高NaCl浓度胁迫时,CAT活性上升的幅度相对较大,但随着胁迫时间的推移,超出植物一定的耐受限度,CAT活性则下降。这说明海巴戟叶片可以在短期的盐胁迫下通过积累更多的CAT含量来增强自身的抗盐能力,但随着胁迫时间的推移,持续的盐胁迫则会对植物本身造成一定的伤害。
海巴戟叶片在不同的NaCl浓度胁迫下,APX的活性随着NaCl浓度的增加及胁迫时间的推移呈先增加后降低的趋势(图2E),且与CK组相比均差异显著(P<0.05)。0.4% NaCl胁迫10 d时,叶片的APX活性达到最高,随着胁迫时间的推移活性降低。0.2% NaCl胁迫下,5 d与20 d时的叶片APX活性无显著差异。各NaCl浓度胁迫20 d时,与CK组相比,APX的活性分别提高17.89%、18.16%、19.41%、13.23%、12.56%;0.2%、0.4%、0.8%、1.0% NaCl胁迫下的APX活性无显著差异。
在0.2%、0.4% NaCl胁迫下,海巴戟叶片POD活性呈先增高后下降的趋势(图2F),其中0.2% NaCl胁迫下,POD活性在15 d时达到最大值,而后开始下降,0.4% NaCl胁迫10 d时,POD活性达到最大值,说明在0.4% NaCl胁迫下POD在10 d发挥着重要的抗氧化作用。0.4% NaCl浓度与CK组相比,不同时间段下POD均显著提高(P<0.05)。2个低浓度NaCl胁迫下POD活性达到最大值的时间不同,说明0.2% NaCl胁迫下,海巴戟前期受到的胁迫并未对细胞膜造成一定的伤害。各NaCl浓度胁迫20 d后,0.8%、1.0% NaCl胁迫下POD活性与CK组无显著差异,其余浓度与CK均差异显著。
指标相关性分析(表2)表明,可溶性蛋白与SOD、APX及MDA呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与CAT呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与RWC呈极显著负相关;SOD与CAT、MDA呈极显著正相关,与RWC呈极显著负相关;CAT与RWC呈极显著负相关;POD与APX呈极显著正相关;MDA与RWC呈极显著负相关。指标相关性分析说明,当海巴戟幼苗受盐胁迫RWC减少时,植株对非生物胁迫反应的相关生理指标与保护酶含量随之变化,各生理指标与保护酶之间为抵抗盐胁迫伤害相互影响,协同作用。证明海巴戟幼苗在可承受NaCl浓度及时间胁迫处理范围内,NaCl浓度越高,植株RWC越低,水分减少;MDA含量随NaCl胁迫浓度升高而增加导致细胞膜脂过氧化,细胞酶活性降低,细胞膜受损进而影响植株生长发育。同时,海巴戟幼苗植株又通过植株内可溶性蛋白质以及SOD、CAT、APX、POD酶活性增加的协同作用保护质膜系统、减轻活性氧伤害来增强抗盐性,提高生存能力。
水培海巴戟除了可以方便快捷地提高组培苗的移栽成活率和为胁迫试验方面提供基础外,对海巴戟产业化发展还具有一定的促进作用。水培海巴戟对于盐胁迫的生理响应机制包括多个方面,本研究中,海巴戟幼苗在没有盐胁迫的水培条件下生长健壮,0.2%NaCl胁迫下受盐害影响极小,植株长势与CK几乎无差异。而在0.2%NaCl以上浓度胁迫下,海巴戟幼苗长势随NaCl浓度的增加而减缓,且盐害最先表现在叶片,这与杜运领等[17]的研究结果一致。盐胁迫过程中,海巴戟幼苗RWC随NaCl胁迫浓度增加而减少,这与张春诗等[18]对黑果腺肋花楸幼苗进行NaCl胁迫试验的结果一致。在盐胁迫下海巴戟幼苗叶片中可溶性蛋白质、MDA含量以及SOD、CAT、APX、POD活性随NaCl浓度的增加呈先上升再下降的趋势,这与刘吉等[19]对菠菜在NaCl胁迫下的研究中,3种菠菜的SOD、POD、CAT活性随着NaCl浓度的增加,呈先增加后下降的结论相同。在洪森荣等[20]对怀玉山三叶青与胡爱双等[21]对不同耐盐性八棱海棠株系进行盐胁迫试验结果中发现,与本试验不同的是,以上2项试验结果均是随NaCl胁迫浓度的增加,植株内MDA含量均呈上升趋势,而本研究中海巴戟幼苗叶片MDA含量呈先上升再下降趋势,该项差异的原因是由于本试验中海巴戟幼苗在0.8%与1.0%NaCl浓度胁迫下,胁迫时间超过海巴戟幼苗耐盐范围后植株死亡有关。随着胁迫时间的推移,海巴戟叶片的可溶性蛋白、抗氧化物酶活性会发生显著性的变化,证明了海巴戟幼苗在盐胁迫下通过积极调节渗透物质和抗氧化物酶来减轻伤害,促进生长。这说明海巴戟与其他植物一样在不同NaCl浓度胁迫下的适应主要与渗透物质的积累和活性氧清除能力的提高有关,证明了海巴戟幼苗对于盐胁迫具有一定的抵抗能力。
在土壤盐分超过0.2%~0.5%时,一般植物会出现吸水困难现象,当盐分高于0.4%时,植物体内水分易外渗[22]。如徐千瑞等[23]研究中表明,日本荚蒾仅能正常存活在NaCl浓度0.15%及以下含盐量土壤环境中,无法长期存活在NaCl浓度0.3%及以上含量土壤环境;崔卓越等[24]的研究结果表明,紫丹参在盐胁迫环境中,当NaCl溶液浓度超过0.7%时,紫丹参根部生长状况极差,植株出现死亡现象。而本研究中,海巴戟幼苗在0.8%NaCl浓度胁迫时才处于半致死状态,在NaCl胁迫浓度高达1%时致死,这说明海巴戟相比其他植物耐盐性强,具有一定抗盐能力,在盐胁迫环境下存在着逆境响应机制。当植物遭受非生物胁迫时,会启动一系列基因表达调控进程,诱导相关的基因及其转录因子的激活表达[25],而目前关于海巴戟与盐胁迫相关基因的信息尚未了解,本研究可为后续找到海巴戟存在与逆境胁迫相关控制其生理指标变化的基因试验奠定基础。研究海巴戟耐盐机理与选育耐盐品种是优化与扩大海巴戟种植的重要手段。
重度盐化土的土壤含盐量达0.4%~0.6%,天然形成的盐碱地滨海地区的含盐主要以NaCl为主。本研究通过不同浓度NaCl溶液对水培海巴戟幼苗进行盐胁迫研究发现,海巴戟耐盐性较强,在0.8%NaCl溶液浓度下能通过保护酶系统积极调节渗透物质和抗氧化物酶来减轻伤害,保证其存活生长。因此,可以尝试于热带滨海地区的盐渍地试种海巴戟,提高盐渍地区利用率。
  • 国家林业和草原局项目“诺丽果高产优质生产及加工技术推广示范”([2019]27)
  • 云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目“特色优势植物木蝴蝶、诺丽、红掌集成培育技术老挝示范推广”(2019IB011)
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2024年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.012
  • 接收时间:2022-08-02
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-02
  • 修回日期:2022-11-14
基金
国家林业和草原局项目“诺丽果高产优质生产及加工技术推广示范”([2019]27)
云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目“特色优势植物木蝴蝶、诺丽、红掌集成培育技术老挝示范推广”(2019IB011)
作者信息
    西南林业大学园林园艺学院/云南省功能性花卉资源及产业化技术工程研究中心/国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南昆明 650224

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* 吴田(WU Tian),E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.012
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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