Article(id=1277255795662263198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1662393600000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-06, revisedDate=1668268800000, revisedDateStr=2022-11-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782451111951, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782451111951, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782451111951, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782451111951, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277255754218337268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1706112000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782451102069, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782451256326, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=77, endPage=87, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277255795972641696, articleId=1277255795662263198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Response of Source-sink Development and Yield and Quality of Sweetpotato to Nitrogen Source and Nitrogen Application Rate, columnId=1236256434120348225, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Plant Cultivation, Physiology & Biochemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Field experiments were conducted to study the relationship between nitrogen source, nitrogen application rate and the interaction on the source-sink development during the whole growth period of sweetpotato Mingmenjinshi and its relationship with yield and quality. The results showed that nitrogen application increased the chlorophyll content and net-photosynthetic rate of sweetpotato at 70 to 110 days after planting, the number of storage root per plant, average storage root weight and yield, the content of soluble sugar, sucrose, soluble protein, polyphenols and vitamin C, and significantly decreased the content of starch. Under the same nitrogen source, at 30 to 120 days after planting, the fresh weight of stems and leaves increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application; the average number of storage root per plant, the average weight of storage root and the average weight of storage root per plant increased first and decreased then with nitrogen application, and were the highest when the nitrogen application rate was 120 kg/hm2; T/R first decreased and then increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and was the lowest when the nitrogen application rate was 120 kg/hm2; and the number of storage root per plant and yield was the highest with nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm2. Under the high-yield nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2, compared with amide nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen significantly increased chlorophyll content and net-photosynthetic rate at 70 to 110 days after planting; significantly increased the fresh weight of leaves and stems at 30 days after planting; significantly increased the number of storage root per plant at 30 to 120 days after planting; significantly increased the weight of storage root per plant at 60 to 120 days after planting. At harvest, ammonium nitrogen significantly increased the yield of commercial storage root by significantly increasing the number of storage root per plant, also significantly increased the content of soluble sugar, sucrose, soluble protein and vitamin C, and improved flavor quality.

, authors=Ning WANG1, Yayi MENG1, Jianfeng YAO1, Xueyu WANG1, Yupeng LI1, Baoni DENG1, Yongzhong LI1, Chengcheng SI1, 2, *, authorsList=Ning WANG, Yayi MENG, Jianfeng YAO, Xueyu WANG, Yupeng LI, Baoni DENG, Yongzhong LI, Chengcheng SI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chengcheng SI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277255799395193778, articleId=1277255795662263198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=甘薯源库发育及产量品质对氮源和施氮量的响应, columnId=1236256434313286224, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=作物栽培与生理生化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

通过大田试验研究氮源、施氮量及其互作对鲜食型甘薯鸣门金时全生育期源库发育及其与产量和品质形成的关系。结果表明:施氮提高了栽后70~110 d功能叶叶绿素(Chl)含量和净光合速率(Pn),提高了单株结薯数、平均单薯重和产量,显著增加了可溶性糖(soluble sugars,SS,)、蔗糖、可溶性蛋白(soluble proteins,SP)、多酚和维生素C(VC)的含量,显著降低了淀粉的含量。在相同氮源下,栽后30~120 d,茎和叶鲜重随施氮量增加而显著增加;平均单株结薯数、平均单薯重和平均单株薯重随施氮量增加先增加后降低,在施氮量120 kg/hm2时最大;T/R(Top/Root)随施氮量的增加先降低后升高,在施氮量120 kg/hm2时最低;施氮量120 kg/hm2的单株结薯数和产量最高。在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,与酰胺态氮素和硝态氮素相比,铵态氮素在栽后70~110 d显著提高了叶绿素Chl含量和Pn;栽后30 d显著提高了叶和茎鲜重;栽后30~120 d显著提高了单株结薯数;栽后60~120 d显著提高了单株薯重。在收获时,铵态氮素120 kg/hm2显著提高了商品薯产量,增产途径主要是显著增加了单株结薯数;显著提高了SS含量、蔗糖含量、SP含量和VC含量,改善了风味品质。

, authors=王宁1, 孟亚依1, 姚剑锋1, 王学彧1, 李玉鹏1, 邓宝妮1, 李永忠1, 司成成1, 2, *, authorsList=王宁, 孟亚依, 姚剑锋, 王学彧, 李玉鹏, 邓宝妮, 李永忠, 司成成, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=司成成, authorNote=

王宁(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培生理。

, correspAuthorsNote=
* 司成成(SI Chengcheng),E-mail:
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王宁(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培生理。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of different storage temperature on quality and weight loss rate of sweetpotato, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1279857810242506787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=29, issue=6, pageStart=189, pageEnd=194, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=90, authorNames=高璐阳, 房增国, 史衍玺, journalName=华北农学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高璐阳, 房增国, 史衍玺. 施氮量对鲜食型甘薯产量、品质及氮素利用的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2014, 29(6): 189-194., articleTitle=施氮量对鲜食型甘薯产量、品质及氮素利用的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1279857810355752996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=29, issue=6, pageStart=189, pageEnd=194, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=91, authorNames=GAO L Y, FANG Z G, SHI Y X, journalName=Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO L Y, FANG Z G, SHI Y X. Effects of nitrogen application on yield quality and nitrogen utilization of fresh-eating sweetpotato[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2014, 29(6): 189-194. 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Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=0cosRZ/6ylCIq6+ayqeeFA==, figureFileBig=aXQ7QPwaTFnpNimLT0l5+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857796510356398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯叶片发育

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=0cosRZ/6ylCIq6+ayqeeFA==, figureFileBig=aXQ7QPwaTFnpNimLT0l5+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857796619408303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Stem development of sweetpotato under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=QtLrgR+Dq2LDFZDM59EtiQ==, figureFileBig=UL0M01gcmoB/eqS7pSHsbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857796699100080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯茎发育

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=QtLrgR+Dq2LDFZDM59EtiQ==, figureFileBig=UL0M01gcmoB/eqS7pSHsbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857796766208945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Number of sweetpotato producing per plant under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=FQ8yBtPX9jn2txwVSe1LXg==, figureFileBig=EZcl9HCn0nnbWDGXFhn92g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857796841706418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯单株结薯数

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=FQ8yBtPX9jn2txwVSe1LXg==, figureFileBig=EZcl9HCn0nnbWDGXFhn92g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857796946564019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Single sweetpotato weight under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=RPld8vNb3lgjUdKQqWP3ww==, figureFileBig=TG0QAvTINn1bdFPHpNt39A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797055615924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯单薯重

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=RPld8vNb3lgjUdKQqWP3ww==, figureFileBig=TG0QAvTINn1bdFPHpNt39A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797135307701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Weight of sweetpotato per plant under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=CCAvbDU8+2RKuNtPdthhwQ==, figureFileBig=kvPjFo0DaX9Z05B9DVlNjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797210805174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯单株薯重

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=CCAvbDU8+2RKuNtPdthhwQ==, figureFileBig=kvPjFo0DaX9Z05B9DVlNjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797282108343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Sweetpotato T/R under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates, figureFileSmall=ebPPkDk84rUWrahoF4vyxA==, figureFileBig=+7zxzg773FyFPJ+GnNtKrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797361800120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯T/R值, figureFileSmall=ebPPkDk84rUWrahoF4vyxA==, figureFileBig=+7zxzg773FyFPJ+GnNtKrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797437297593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Chlorophyll content of sweetpotato under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=sprWRpETa/EnsAav4TF30Q==, figureFileBig=3epXIea+3UIG4t7bskzCNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797512795066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯叶绿素含量

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=sprWRpETa/EnsAav4TF30Q==, figureFileBig=3epXIea+3UIG4t7bskzCNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797588292539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Net photosynthetic rate of sweetpotato under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates, figureFileSmall=CuZCN3jWCcArM+OhM/TMrw==, figureFileBig=xtoe12XAxD3an6oBpl+ZSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797667984316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同氮源和施氮处理下甘薯Pn, figureFileSmall=CuZCN3jWCcArM+OhM/TMrw==, figureFileBig=xtoe12XAxD3an6oBpl+ZSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857797777036221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Yield and its component factors of commercial sweepotato under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment单株结薯数Single storage root number平均单薯重Average single storage root weight/g产量Yield/(kg·hm-2)产量增幅Yield amplitude/%
CK2.48±0.22ef110.93±15.62d17145.46±2347.38d
AMN602.63±0.32de122.53±22.3abc20225.12±4563.3bc17.96
AMN1203.16±0.16a118.43±15.08abcd23311.62±2240.28a35.96
AMN1802.92±0.24b117.88±14.65abcd21390.23±1658.74ab24.76
NN602.47±0.26f127.40±11.32a19632.94±2309.07bc14.50
NN1202.73±0.14cd120.13±11.37abcd20488.23±2341.62b19.50
NN1802.55±0.13ef125.63±7.23ab20091.45±1395.28bc17.18
AN602.63±0.23de111.79±15.46cd18335.38±2780.19cd6.94
AN1202.90±0.23b116.05±15.46bcd20948.98±2780.19b22.18
AN1802.84±0.2bc114.11±10.3cd20361.85±3030.45bc18.75
NS47.83**4.06*5.68*
NL34.91**3.43*20.62**
NS*NL3.34*0.851.00
), ArticleFig(id=1279857797860922302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同氮源和施氮量下甘薯商品薯产量及其构成因素

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment单株结薯数Single storage root number平均单薯重Average single storage root weight/g产量Yield/(kg·hm-2)产量增幅Yield amplitude/%
CK2.48±0.22ef110.93±15.62d17145.46±2347.38d
AMN602.63±0.32de122.53±22.3abc20225.12±4563.3bc17.96
AMN1203.16±0.16a118.43±15.08abcd23311.62±2240.28a35.96
AMN1802.92±0.24b117.88±14.65abcd21390.23±1658.74ab24.76
NN602.47±0.26f127.40±11.32a19632.94±2309.07bc14.50
NN1202.73±0.14cd120.13±11.37abcd20488.23±2341.62b19.50
NN1802.55±0.13ef125.63±7.23ab20091.45±1395.28bc17.18
AN602.63±0.23de111.79±15.46cd18335.38±2780.19cd6.94
AN1202.90±0.23b116.05±15.46bcd20948.98±2780.19b22.18
AN1802.84±0.2bc114.11±10.3cd20361.85±3030.45bc18.75
NS47.83**4.06*5.68*
NL34.91**3.43*20.62**
NS*NL3.34*0.851.00
), ArticleFig(id=1279857797940614079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Quality of commercial sweetpotato under different nitrogen sources and nitrogen application rates

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment可溶性糖SS/%蔗糖Sucrose/%淀粉Starch/%可溶性蛋白SP/%多酚Polyphenols/[g·(100g)-1]维生素C Vitamin C/[mg·(100g)-1]
CK1.43±0.03h1.05±0.03g24.30±0.60a3.18±0.08g0.43±0.01g40.67±1f
AMN602.42±0.05b1.52±0.03b23.77±0.61b5.87±0.15d0.6±0.02d45.88±1.18c
AMN1202.85±0.07a1.57±0.04a22.33±0.66d7.52±0.19a0.62±0.02c47.11±1.39b
AMN1801.77±0.04d1.18±0.02d21.32±0.42e7.33±0.15b0.6±0.01d47.65±0.93ab
NN601.54±0.03g1.12±0.02f23.59±0.48bc3.74±0.08f0.63±0.01b42.31±0.86e
NN1201.64±0.05e1.19±0.03cd23.25±0.68c7.18±0.21c0.65±0.02a43.71±1.27d
NN1801.59±0.02f1.14±0.02e21.30±0.32e5.84±0.09d0.63±0.01b43.75±0.66d
AN601.74±0.04d1.19±0.03cd23.84±0.49b4.12±0.08e0.49±0.01e43.99±0.89d
AN1201.82±0.05c1.21±0.04c22.04±0.57d7.35±0.21b0.63±0.02bc45.76±1.18c
AN1801.66±0.03e1.06±0.02g21.30±0.43e7.07±0.14c0.45±0.01f48.02±0.98a
NS4505.2**3627.54**26.52**1134.49**3137.48**487.05**
NL2231.34**1166.36**354.61**6173.58**1985.26**358.41**
NS*NL841.84**310.88**7.83**239.5**221.21**23.22**
), ArticleFig(id=1279857798028694464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255795662263198, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同处理下甘薯商品薯品质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment可溶性糖SS/%蔗糖Sucrose/%淀粉Starch/%可溶性蛋白SP/%多酚Polyphenols/[g·(100g)-1]维生素C Vitamin C/[mg·(100g)-1]
CK1.43±0.03h1.05±0.03g24.30±0.60a3.18±0.08g0.43±0.01g40.67±1f
AMN602.42±0.05b1.52±0.03b23.77±0.61b5.87±0.15d0.6±0.02d45.88±1.18c
AMN1202.85±0.07a1.57±0.04a22.33±0.66d7.52±0.19a0.62±0.02c47.11±1.39b
AMN1801.77±0.04d1.18±0.02d21.32±0.42e7.33±0.15b0.6±0.01d47.65±0.93ab
NN601.54±0.03g1.12±0.02f23.59±0.48bc3.74±0.08f0.63±0.01b42.31±0.86e
NN1201.64±0.05e1.19±0.03cd23.25±0.68c7.18±0.21c0.65±0.02a43.71±1.27d
NN1801.59±0.02f1.14±0.02e21.30±0.32e5.84±0.09d0.63±0.01b43.75±0.66d
AN601.74±0.04d1.19±0.03cd23.84±0.49b4.12±0.08e0.49±0.01e43.99±0.89d
AN1201.82±0.05c1.21±0.04c22.04±0.57d7.35±0.21b0.63±0.02bc45.76±1.18c
AN1801.66±0.03e1.06±0.02g21.30±0.43e7.07±0.14c0.45±0.01f48.02±0.98a
NS4505.2**3627.54**26.52**1134.49**3137.48**487.05**
NL2231.34**1166.36**354.61**6173.58**1985.26**358.41**
NS*NL841.84**310.88**7.83**239.5**221.21**23.22**
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甘薯源库发育及产量品质对氮源和施氮量的响应
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王宁 1 , 孟亚依 1 , 姚剑锋 1 , 王学彧 1 , 李玉鹏 1 , 邓宝妮 1 , 李永忠 1 , 司成成 1, 2, *
热带作物学报 | 作物栽培与生理生化 2024,45(1): 77-87
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热带作物学报 |作物栽培与生理生化 2024 , 45 (1) : 77 -87
甘薯源库发育及产量品质对氮源和施氮量的响应
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王宁1, 孟亚依1, 姚剑锋1, 王学彧1, 李玉鹏1, 邓宝妮1, 李永忠1, 司成成1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.海南大学园艺学院/海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海南海口 570228
  • 2.海南大学三亚南繁研究院/海南省崖州湾种子实验室,海南三亚 572025
通讯作者:
* 司成成(SI Chengcheng),E-mail:
作者简介:

王宁(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:甘薯栽培生理。

Response of Source-sink Development and Yield and Quality of Sweetpotato to Nitrogen Source and Nitrogen Application Rate
Ning WANG1, Yayi MENG1, Jianfeng YAO1, Xueyu WANG1, Yupeng LI1, Baoni DENG1, Yongzhong LI1, Chengcheng SI1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Horticulture, Hainan University / Key Laboratory of Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crop in Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
  • 2.Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University / Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.009
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通过大田试验研究氮源、施氮量及其互作对鲜食型甘薯鸣门金时全生育期源库发育及其与产量和品质形成的关系。结果表明:施氮提高了栽后70~110 d功能叶叶绿素(Chl)含量和净光合速率(Pn),提高了单株结薯数、平均单薯重和产量,显著增加了可溶性糖(soluble sugars,SS,)、蔗糖、可溶性蛋白(soluble proteins,SP)、多酚和维生素C(VC)的含量,显著降低了淀粉的含量。在相同氮源下,栽后30~120 d,茎和叶鲜重随施氮量增加而显著增加;平均单株结薯数、平均单薯重和平均单株薯重随施氮量增加先增加后降低,在施氮量120 kg/hm2时最大;T/R(Top/Root)随施氮量的增加先降低后升高,在施氮量120 kg/hm2时最低;施氮量120 kg/hm2的单株结薯数和产量最高。在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,与酰胺态氮素和硝态氮素相比,铵态氮素在栽后70~110 d显著提高了叶绿素Chl含量和Pn;栽后30 d显著提高了叶和茎鲜重;栽后30~120 d显著提高了单株结薯数;栽后60~120 d显著提高了单株薯重。在收获时,铵态氮素120 kg/hm2显著提高了商品薯产量,增产途径主要是显著增加了单株结薯数;显著提高了SS含量、蔗糖含量、SP含量和VC含量,改善了风味品质。

甘薯  /  氮源  /  施氮量  /  源库发育  /  产量  /  品质

Field experiments were conducted to study the relationship between nitrogen source, nitrogen application rate and the interaction on the source-sink development during the whole growth period of sweetpotato Mingmenjinshi and its relationship with yield and quality. The results showed that nitrogen application increased the chlorophyll content and net-photosynthetic rate of sweetpotato at 70 to 110 days after planting, the number of storage root per plant, average storage root weight and yield, the content of soluble sugar, sucrose, soluble protein, polyphenols and vitamin C, and significantly decreased the content of starch. Under the same nitrogen source, at 30 to 120 days after planting, the fresh weight of stems and leaves increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application; the average number of storage root per plant, the average weight of storage root and the average weight of storage root per plant increased first and decreased then with nitrogen application, and were the highest when the nitrogen application rate was 120 kg/hm2; T/R first decreased and then increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and was the lowest when the nitrogen application rate was 120 kg/hm2; and the number of storage root per plant and yield was the highest with nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm2. Under the high-yield nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2, compared with amide nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen significantly increased chlorophyll content and net-photosynthetic rate at 70 to 110 days after planting; significantly increased the fresh weight of leaves and stems at 30 days after planting; significantly increased the number of storage root per plant at 30 to 120 days after planting; significantly increased the weight of storage root per plant at 60 to 120 days after planting. At harvest, ammonium nitrogen significantly increased the yield of commercial storage root by significantly increasing the number of storage root per plant, also significantly increased the content of soluble sugar, sucrose, soluble protein and vitamin C, and improved flavor quality.

sweetpotato  /  nitrogen source  /  nitrogen application rate  /  source-sink development  /  yield  /  quality
王宁, 孟亚依, 姚剑锋, 王学彧, 李玉鹏, 邓宝妮, 李永忠, 司成成. 甘薯源库发育及产量品质对氮源和施氮量的响应. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (1) : 77 -87 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.009
Ning WANG, Yayi MENG, Jianfeng YAO, Xueyu WANG, Yupeng LI, Baoni DENG, Yongzhong LI, Chengcheng SI. Response of Source-sink Development and Yield and Quality of Sweetpotato to Nitrogen Source and Nitrogen Application Rate[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (1) : 77 -87 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.009
甘薯[Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.]具有高产稳产、适应性强、营养丰富等特点,除含有丰富的食用纤维、糖、维生素、矿物质、蛋白质等人体必需的重要营养成分外,还含有多酚、多糖、花青素等活性成分,是世界卫生组织推荐的最佳食物[1]。氮素既是作物重要的结构物质,又是酶的主要成分,对作物代谢、生长发育和产量品质形成有重要影响[2]。硝态氮肥、铵态氮肥和酰胺态氮肥(尿素)是生产上应用最广的3种氮肥[3-4],其中硝态氮和铵态氮是植物能够从土壤中直接吸收利用的氮素[5-7],而酰胺态氮素在土壤中往往需要在脲酶的作用下转化为铵态氮素后再被植物吸收利用[8]。并且植物对不同形态氮素吸收利用具有偏好性和选择性特点,部分植物在硝态氮环境下生长较好,如玉米、小麦等[4,9-10];而部分植物则在铵态氮环境下生长较好,如水稻等[11-12]。合理的施氮量和氮源选择是提高甘薯氮素养分利用效率[13-15],促进甘薯生长发育[16-17],促进光合同化物合成、分配和积累[16],协调源库发育[18-19],增加甘薯产量和改善品质的有效方法[20-21],契合“减肥增效”的绿色农业发展理念。源和库是作物形成经济产量的2个重要方面[22],对大多数作物而言,如水稻、玉米、小麦和花生等作物的源库关系都有发展和平衡的过程[23-26],甘薯具有典型的源库关系,源库协调发展是甘薯高产优质的保障[18]。氮素养分是影响作物源库关系的主要因素之一[27-32],解析甘薯源库关系、探明氮肥施用对甘薯源库关系建立、发展和平衡的影响对合理施用氮素肥料、提高甘薯生产水平具有重要意义[18,33]
海南省主栽品种单一,70%左右为20世纪50年代初日本育成的鲜食型甘薯品种高系14[34-35]。另外,海南省甘薯种植过程中氮源选择和施氮量管理较为粗放[34]。针对以上2个问题,本研究选用高系14的改良品种‘鸣门金时’为试验材料,设置3种氮源和4个施氮量,探究甘薯全生育期源库发育及产量品质对氮源和施氮量的响应。本研究结果可为海南省引进鲜食型甘薯鸣门金时提供理论基础和技术支持,有利于海南省甘薯产业健康发展。
以鲜食型甘薯‘鸣门金时’为试验材料,引自日本德岛县鸣门市,是海南省主栽鲜食型甘薯高系14的改良品种。供试肥料为尿素(含N,46%)、硫酸铵(含N,21%)、硝酸钾(含N,13.6%;含K2O,46%)、硫酸钾(含K2O,52%)、过磷酸钙(含P2O5,16%),均由中化化肥控股有限公司提供。供试土壤质地为砂壤土,0~20 cm土壤含沙量为48.32%,pH 7.02,有机质含量为1.17%,碱解氮含量为61.67 mg/kg,速效磷含量为14.49 mg/kg,速效钾含量为79.18 mg/kg。
于2021年11月15日至2022年3月15日在海南大学农科基地(20°06’N,110°33’E)开展大田试验。试验采用两因素裂区设计,氮源为主区,分别为铵态氮素(AMN,硫酸铵)、硝态氮素(NN,硝酸钾)和酰胺态氮素(AN,尿素);纯氮素水平为副区,分别为0、60、120、180 kg/hm2,共10个处理,分别为:(1)CK处理(不施氮);(2)AMN60处理(铵态氮素60 kg/hm2);(3)AMN120处理(铵态氮素120 kg/hm2);(4)AMN180处理(铵态氮素180 kg/hm2);(5)NN60处理(硝态氮素60 kg/hm2);(6)NN120处理(硝态氮素120 kg/hm2);(7)NN180处理(硝态氮素180 kg/hm2);(8)AN60处理(酰胺态氮素60 kg/hm2);(9)AN120处理(酰胺态氮素120 kg/hm2);(10)AN180处理(酰胺态氮素180 kg/hm2),3次重复。同时施入磷肥110 kg/hm2,施入钾肥平衡各处理K2O为240 kg/hm2。用升华硫粉末平衡各小区硫元素的用量。铵态氮素和酰胺态氮素处理施入硝化抑制剂(3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐,DMPP)抑制硝化作用,用量为施氮量的7%[36];酰胺态氮素处理额外施入脲酶抑制剂(N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺,NBPT)减缓尿素分解,用量为施氮量的1%[37]。所有肥料、试剂均基施。垄距0.80 m,株距0.20 m,小区面积4 m×2 m=8 m2。全生育期田间管理同一般高产大田。
(1)植株农艺性状调查。于甘薯块根建成期(栽后30 d)、茎叶封垄期(栽后60 d)、块根膨大高峰期(栽后90 d)和收获期(栽后120 d)取样。每次取生长健壮,具有代表性的植株5株。叶面3/4完好作为正常叶片,去除干枯茎段作为正常茎,有明显的膨大部位且膨大部位直径大于0.5 cm的根作为块根,人工分样后用天平称量各器官鲜重。(2)光合特性测定。根据天气预报,选择晴天、少云的天气的栽后50、70、90、110 d前后2 d上午9:00—11:00进行,选择连续5株有代表性的甘薯植株的第5片功能叶,用日本Minolta公司生产的SPAD-502叶绿素含量测定仪测定SPAD值;用美国LI-COR公司生产的LI-6400光合测定系统测定净光合速率。(3)商品薯品质测定。用蒽酮比色法测定可溶性糖(soluble sugars,SS,)、蔗糖、淀粉含量[38]。用Folin-Ciocalteus法测定多酚含量[39];用NaNO2-Al(NO33-NaOH显色法测定类黄酮含量[40];用二甲苯萃取法测定维生素C(VC)含量,用考马斯亮蓝法测定可溶性蛋白(soluble proteins,SP)含量[41]。(4)商品薯产量测定。以具有明显膨大部位、直径大于1 cm及重量超过50 g的块根作为商品薯进行测产。
利用Microsoft Excel 2019和SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行整理分析,采用邓肯新复极差法进行差异显著性分析,Microsoft Excel 2019软件作图。
表1可以看出,氮源、施氮量对甘薯商品薯单株结薯数、平均单薯重和产量具有显著影响,氮源、施氮量二者互作主要显著影响单株结薯数。施用氮素可以提高单株结薯数、平均单薯重和产量。在相同的氮源下,施氮量120 kg/hm2的单株结薯数和产量最大,与对照处理相比差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。在施氮量120 kg/hm2下,铵态氮素的商品薯增产效果最为显著,增幅达到35.96%,增产途径主要是显著增加了单株结薯数。
表2可知,氮源、施氮量及其二者互作对甘薯商品薯中的SS、蔗糖、淀粉、类黄酮、SP、多酚和VC具有极显著影响(P<0.01)。施用氮素显著增加了SS、蔗糖、SP、多酚和VC的含量,显著降低了淀粉的含量。在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,铵态氮素处理的SS含量、蔗糖含量、SP含量和VC含量均最高,且与其他处理差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);铵态氮素淀粉和多酚含量与酰胺态氮素相似,均显著低于硝态氮素。
图1图2显示,在栽后30~120 d,叶鲜重随着甘薯发育呈现先增加后降低的趋势,最高值出现在栽后90 d;茎鲜重随着甘薯发育呈现增加趋势,其中栽后30~60 d增速最快,90~120 d增速较慢。表明栽后90 d之后茎叶发育进入衰老期。相同氮源下,在栽后30~120 d,与对照处理相比,施氮可以显著提高茎和叶鲜重,茎和叶鲜重随施氮量增加而呈显著增加的趋势。而在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,在栽后30 d,铵态氮素叶和茎鲜重高于酰胺态氮素,酰胺态氮素高于硝态氮素,且差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);在栽后60~120 d各氮源叶鲜重无显著差异,在栽后60~90 d各氮源茎鲜重无显著差异,而在栽后120 d,铵态氮素茎鲜重低于硝态氮素,硝态氮素低于酰胺态氮素,且差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。由此可见,在甘薯发育前期栽后30 d时,铵态氮素更有利于茎叶发育,其源端发育强于酰胺态氮素和硝态氮素;在发育后期120 d时,铵态氮素处理茎鲜重最低,但与其他处理叶鲜重相似,因此铵态氮素处理在发育后期120 d维持了源端光合性能。
图3图4图5显示,在栽后30~120 d,平均单株结薯数随甘薯生长发育呈现先升高后平稳的趋势,在栽后60 d达到最大值,这与前人研究一致[17]。平均单薯重和平均单株薯重随甘薯生长发育逐渐升高,其中栽后30~60 d的增幅最大,栽后90~120 d增幅较小。相同氮源下,与对照处理相比,施氮可以显著提高平均单株结薯数、平均单薯重和平均单株薯重。不同氮源均表现出平均单株结薯数、平均单薯重和平均单株薯重随施氮量增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2时达到最大且与对照处理差异显著(P<0.05)。而在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,铵态氮素处理的单株结薯数高于酰胺态氮素,酰胺态氮素高于硝态氮素处理;硝态氮素处理的平均单薯重最高,其次为酰胺态氮素处理,铵态氮素处理最低;在栽后30 d,铵态氮素处理的单株薯重低于酰胺态氮素,酰胺态氮素低于硝态氮素,在栽后60~120 d,铵态氮素单株薯重高于酰胺态氮素,酰胺态氮素高于硝态氮素。
图6可知,在栽后30~120 d,T/R随甘薯生长发育逐渐降低,在栽后30~60 d降幅最大。相同氮源下,T/R随施氮量的增加先降低后升高,高产施氮量120 kg/hm2处理的T/R最低。在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,栽后30 d,铵态氮T/R高于酰胺态氮,酰胺态氮高于硝态氮;在栽后60 d,硝态氮T/R高于铵态氮,铵态氮高于酰胺态氮;在栽后90 d,硝态氮T/R高于酰胺态氮,酰胺态氮高于铵态氮;在栽后120 d,酰胺态氮T/R高于硝态氮,硝态氮高于铵态氮。
图7图8显示,在栽后50~110 d,功能叶叶绿素含量随着甘薯生长发育呈现出略有增加后降低的趋势,在栽后70 d时叶绿素含最高;Pn随着甘薯生长发育呈现出下降趋势,在栽后70~90 d的Pn较为稳定。在栽后70~110 d,与对照处理相比,施氮可以提高功能叶Chl含量和甘薯Pn。而在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,不同氮源的Chl含量和Pn以铵态氮素处理最高,与硝态氮处理的差异达到了显著水平(P<0.05)。
氮肥施用对甘薯源库关系建立、发展和平衡均有显著影响[18]。本研究结果表明,在栽后70~110 d,施氮提高了甘薯功能叶叶绿素含量和净光合速率,这与DU等[42]的研究结果相似;甘薯茎叶鲜重随施氮量的增加而升高,但甘薯结薯数、平均单薯和平均单株薯重重随施氮量增加呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,在120 kg/hm2施氮量时达到最大,且与不施氮对照处理差异显著(P<0.05);T/R表现出随施氮量的增加先降低后升高的趋势,高产施氮量120 kg/hm2处理的T/R最低。这说明施氮量120 kg/hm2有利于源库平衡,低于120 kg/hm2施氮量将导致源端发育不良,不利于库容扩大,高于120 kg/hm2施氮量将导致源端发育过剩,不利于光合产物向库器官分配。
植物能够吸收利用的氮素主要有硝态氮(NO3--N)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)和酰胺态氮[CO(NH22-N] 3种形态[43],但不同植物在不同生长环境、不同发育时期对不同形态氮素选择和利用分配存在差异性[43]。已有研究表明,相对于硝态氮素和酰胺态氮素,甘薯更喜好铵态氮素[14,16-18,20,44]。本研究结果进一步证实了该结论,在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,铵态氮素处理在甘薯发育前期30 d时叶和茎鲜重高于酰胺态氮素和硝态氮素,且差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),在60~120 d氮源对叶鲜重的影响不显著,说明铵态氮素更有利于甘薯发育前期茎叶发育;在栽后50~110 d,铵态氮素处理的功能叶叶绿素含量和净光合速率最高,这与唐忠厚等[16]和李成阳等[44]研究结果相似,说明施用铵态氮素有利于甘薯尽早建立较强的源端,并在全生育期维持较强的光合生产能力,这将为库端发育提供充足的光合产物。本研究结果表明施用铵态氮素比酰胺态氮处理的单株结薯数和产量高,与SI研究结果相似[20];本研究进一步发现,在全生育期,施用铵态氮素处理的单株结薯数和产量不仅高于酰胺态氮素,还高于硝态氮素;然而铵态氮素处理的平均单薯重低于硝态氮素和酰胺态氮素处理;虽然在栽后30 d,铵态氮素处理的单株薯重低于酰胺态氮素和硝态氮素,但在栽后60~12 d,铵态氮素单株薯重高于酰胺态氮素和硝态氮素。这说明铵态氮主要在甘薯块根形成期促进更多块根形成,奠定了库的数量基础,进而在甘薯块根膨大期形成较大的库容,进而提高收获的商品薯产量,并为品质改善奠定了基础。已有研究表明,相比于酰胺态氮素,铵态氮素可以促进甘薯块根形成期幼根中蔗糖分解、抑制淀粉合成,同时提高幼根中生长素和玉米素核苷含量、降低幼根中赤霉素含量,进而抑制幼根木质化,从而有利于更多的不定根向块根分化[20,45-46]。但是,与硝态氮素相比,铵态氮素提高甘薯块根数量的机制尚不清楚;并且,不同氮素形态对甘薯根际微生态调控的机制以及相关分子机制尚未见报道,有待研究。
淀粉是甘薯细胞中碳水化合物的储藏形式[47],可溶性糖含量是甘薯块根食用品质和加工性能的重要指标,是影响甘薯甜度、黏度、质地、薯香味等食味指标的重要因子[48]。因此,鲜食型品种往往追求高可溶性糖含量、低淀粉含量[49]。维生素C是植物体重要的维生素之一,较高的维生素C含量利于提高鲜食甘薯贮藏时间[50]。适量的氮肥可以显著提高薯块中可溶性糖、维生素含量和可溶性蛋白含量[51]。本研究结果进一步支持了前人的观点,施用氮素显著增加了可溶性糖、蔗糖、可溶性蛋白、多酚和维生素C的含量,显著降低了淀粉的含量。在高产施氮量120 kg/hm2下,铵态氮素处理的可溶性糖含量、蔗糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量和维生素C含量均最高,且与其他处理差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);铵态氮素淀粉和多酚含量与酰胺态氮素相似,均显著低于硝态氮素。这表明,铵态氮素120 kg/hm2处理改善了商品薯的品质,保证了食用型甘薯良好的适口性。
本研究结果表明,在不同氮源及施氮量下,铵态氮素120 kg/hm2处理通过协调源库发育,获得了最高的商品薯产量,其增产途径主要是增加了单株结薯数;并且在提高产量的同时,改善了商品薯的品质,保证了食用型甘薯良好的适口性。
  • 海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(320QN190)
  • 海南省科技专项(ZDYF2022XDNY264)
  • 国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060716)
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2024年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.009
  • 接收时间:2022-09-06
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-06
  • 修回日期:2022-11-13
基金
海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(320QN190)
海南省科技专项(ZDYF2022XDNY264)
国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060716)
作者信息
    1.海南大学园艺学院/海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海南海口 570228
    2.海南大学三亚南繁研究院/海南省崖州湾种子实验室,海南三亚 572025

通讯作者:

* 司成成(SI Chengcheng),E-mail:
参考文献
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.009
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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