Article(id=1277255792898207997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1663689600000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-21, revisedDate=1669132800000, revisedDateStr=2022-11-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1782451111292, onlineDateStr=2026-06-26, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782451111292, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782451111292, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782451111292, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1277255754218337268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, year='2024', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1706112000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782451102069, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782451256326, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1277256402011816134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, issueId=1277255754218337268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=49, endPage=59, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1277255794831782143, articleId=1277255792898207997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=EN, title=Evaluation of 141 Excellent Zhongzhe Sugarcane Germplasms Based on Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis, columnId=1236256430060261740, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, columnName=Germplasm Resources, Genetics & Breeding, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Scientific evaluation of sugarcane germplasm resources can provide high quality parental materials for sugarcane cross breeding. In this study, seven phenotypic traits of 141 excellent sugarcane germplasm were evaluated for diversity using methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The variation coefficients of smut rate, cane yield, millable stalks, stalk weight and sucrose content were all greater than 10%, with the variation coefficients of smut rate being the largest at 67.21%. Correlation analysis showed that the cane yield was highly significantly positively correlated with plant height, stalk diameter, millable stalks and stalk weight, and the stalk diameter was highly significantly negatively correlated with millable stalks, and the sucrose content was highly significantly negatively correlated with smut rate. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of 3 principal component factors was 74.725%, among which the first principal component was related to yield traits, the second principal component was related to stems and quality traits, the third principal component was related to disease traits and quality traits. Based on cluster analysis, the 141 sugarcane germplasm resources could be divided into 3 groups, among which group Ⅰ had the taller plants, highest yield and highest sucrose content, highest disease resistance, strong persisrence, and had excellent performance for all traits. Group Ⅱ had the smaller plants, lowest yield and lowest sucrose content, lowest disease resistance, poor persisrence, and had poor performance for all traits. Group Ⅲ had average performance for all traits. 60 germplasm resources were selected with excellent overall performance by principal compoment analysis results and cluster analysis results, among which ZZ153303, ZZ150505, ZZ165201 and ZZ151106 could be used as high sugar content parents, ZZ15710, ZZ160913, ZZ162026, ZZ112819, ZZ1415219, ZZ1510055, ZZ140802 and ZZ151106 could be used as highly resistant smut parents, ZZ134007, ZZ118607, ZZ167010, ZZ144101 and ZZ156615 could be used as high yield parents.

, authors=Qiang GUO1, 2, Qingmei JIANG1, Hongliang HE1, Zhengying LI1, Yongjian LIANG1, Changxian QIN1, Liqiu TANG1, 2, *, authorsList=Qiang GUO, Qingmei JIANG, Hongliang HE, Zhengying LI, Yongjian LIANG, Changxian QIN, Liqiu TANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Liqiu TANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1277255796060713219, articleId=1277255792898207997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, language=CN, title=基于主成分分析和聚类分析评价141份中蔗优良品系资源, columnId=1236256430219645304, journalTitle=热带作物学报, columnName=种质资源与遗传育种, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

科学地评价甘蔗种质资源,可为甘蔗杂交育种提供优质的亲本材料。本研究采用主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对141份中蔗优良品系资源的7个表型性状进行多样性评价。结果表明:黑穗病率、蔗茎产量、有效茎数、单茎重和蔗糖分的变异系数均大于10%,其中黑穗病率的变异系数最大,达到67.21%。相关性分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与株高、茎径、有效茎数和单茎重呈极显著正相关,茎径与有效茎数呈极显著负相关,蔗糖分与黑穗病率呈极显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明,提取3个主成分的累计贡献率达到74.725%,其中第一主成分反映的是产量性状,第二主成分反映的是茎数和品质性状,第三主成分反映的是病害和品质性状。聚类分析将141份中蔗品系划分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群蔗株高大,高产高糖,抗病性强,宿根性强,各性状表现优异;第Ⅱ类群各性状综合表现较差;第Ⅲ类群各性状综合表现一般。根据主成分分析结果和聚类分析结果筛选出60份综合表现优异的种质资源,其中中蔗153303、中蔗150505、中蔗165201和中蔗151106等4个种质可作为高糖亲本;中蔗15710、中蔗160913、中蔗162026、中蔗112819、中蔗1415219、中蔗1510055、中蔗140802和中蔗151106等8个种质可作为抗黑穗病亲本;中蔗134007、中蔗118607、中蔗167010、中蔗144101和中蔗156615等5个种质可作为高产亲本。

, authors=郭强1, 2, 江清梅1, 何洪良1, 黎正英1, 梁永检1, 秦昌鲜1, 唐利球1, 2, *, authorsList=郭强, 江清梅, 何洪良, 黎正英, 梁永检, 秦昌鲜, 唐利球, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=唐利球, authorNote=

郭强(1987—),男,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:甘蔗杂交育种及病害。

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* 唐利球(TANG Liqiu),E-mail:
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郭强(1987—),男,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:甘蔗杂交育种及病害。

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Evaluation of phenotypic diversity of 69 finger millet germplasms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1279857802575331810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=18, pageEnd=27, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=44, authorNames=杨荣仲, 周会, 唐仕云, 刘昔辉, 梁强, 黄海荣, journalName=中国糖料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨荣仲, 周会, 唐仕云, 刘昔辉, 梁强, 黄海荣. 广西甘蔗育种思考[J]. 中国糖料, 2021, 43(3): 18-27., articleTitle=广西甘蔗育种思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1279857802667606499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=18, pageEnd=27, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=45, authorNames=YANG R Z, ZHOU H, TANG S Y, LIU X H, LIANG Q, HUANG H R, journalName=Sugar Crops of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG R Z, ZHOU H, TANG S Y, LIU X H, LIANG Q, HUANG H R. A few thoughts on sugarcane breeding in Guangxi[J]. Sugar Crops of China, 2021, 43(3): 18-27. (in Chinese), articleTitle=A few thoughts on sugarcane breeding in Guangxi, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1279857796925604275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, awardId=桂科AA22117002-6, language=CN, fundingSource=广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117002-6), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857797005296052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, awardId=nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03-04, language=CN, fundingSource=国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03-04), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1279857797076599221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, awardId=桂农科2021YT161, language=CN, fundingSource=广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT161), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1279857788654436716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857788667019629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, companyId=1279857788654436716, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Longzhou, Guangxi 532415, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857788687991150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, companyId=1279857788654436716, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州 532415)]), AuthorCompany(id=1279857789040312688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857789078061425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, companyId=1279857789040312688, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugar Industry, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1279857789094838642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, companyId=1279857789040312688, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.蔗糖产业省部共建协同创新中心,广西南宁 530004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1279857794031534501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Cluster analysis of test materials, figureFileSmall=51r6qK/8FNxJQzFZgWKF0Q==, figureFileBig=SBRFGy6PNCK2qblNWvltGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857794102837670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=CN, label=图1, caption=参试材料的聚类分析图, figureFileSmall=51r6qK/8FNxJQzFZgWKF0Q==, figureFileBig=SBRFGy6PNCK2qblNWvltGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279857794203500967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Information of 141 sugarcane germplasm resources

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号No.种质名称Germplasm name来源Origin序号No.种质名称Germplasm name来源Origin序号No.种质名称Germplasm name来源Origin
1中蔗151102广西大学40中蔗154508广西大学79中蔗167506广西大学
2中蔗114715广西大学41中蔗150703广西大学80中蔗1321501广西大学
3中蔗150505广西大学42中蔗1009广西大学81中蔗14509广西大学
4中蔗160941广西大学43中蔗121003广西大学82中蔗1613503广西大学
5中蔗161007广西大学44中蔗1611704广西大学83中蔗16803广西大学
6中蔗118607广西大学45中蔗1220318广西大学84中蔗168804广西大学
7中蔗162422广西大学46中蔗1623503广西大学85中蔗163205广西大学
8中蔗1514701广西大学47中蔗156008广西大学86中蔗15710广西大学
9中蔗167010广西大学48中蔗163706广西大学87中蔗156402广西大学
10中蔗1421418广西大学49中蔗16701广西大学88中蔗1520409广西大学
11中蔗1418504广西大学50中蔗15794广西大学89中蔗161343广西大学
12中蔗1419406广西大学51中蔗151005广西大学90中蔗1423804广西大学
13中蔗114715广西大学52中蔗1620903广西大学91中蔗21302广西大学
14中蔗153303广西大学53中蔗155404广西大学92中蔗1412506广西大学
15中蔗24201广西大学54中蔗128506广西大学93中蔗154203广西大学
16中蔗160913广西大学55中蔗15702广西大学94中蔗1612032广西大学
17中蔗16401广西大学56中蔗1414707广西大学95中蔗1120318广西大学
18中蔗161315广西大学57中蔗152802广西大学96中蔗1518106广西大学
19中蔗148903广西大学58中蔗140802广西大学97中蔗153312广西大学
20中蔗153315广西大学59中蔗19607广西大学98中蔗134007广西大学
21中蔗1422004广西大学60中蔗142802广西大学99中蔗167137广西大学
22中蔗1610012广西大学61中蔗167701广西大学100中蔗9614广西大学
23中蔗1421107广西大学62中蔗160134广西大学101中蔗19609广西大学
24中蔗16183广西大学63中蔗161015广西大学102中蔗165044广西大学
25中蔗168801广西大学64中蔗161218广西大学103中蔗161318广西大学
26中蔗1513304广西大学65中蔗142244广西大学104中蔗162097广西大学
27中蔗1618006广西大学66中蔗22452广西大学105中蔗161207广西大学
28中蔗167705广西大学67中蔗15701广西大学106中蔗168309广西大学
29中蔗155301广西大学68中蔗152010广西大学107中蔗1510707广西大学
30中蔗144101广西大学69中蔗165201广西大学108中蔗151106广西大学
31中蔗154513广西大学70中蔗1420701广西大学109中蔗161016广西大学
32中蔗167718广西大学71中蔗156201广西大学110中蔗1415418广西大学
33中蔗143413广西大学72中蔗1612506广西大学111中蔗1422606广西大学
34中蔗161324广西大学73中蔗1611728广西大学112中蔗15452广西大学
35中蔗156707广西大学74中蔗162801广西大学113中蔗168806广西大学
36中蔗168716广西大学75中蔗156002广西大学114中蔗15793广西大学
37中蔗149407广西大学76中蔗1414325广西大学115中蔗1415219广西大学
38中蔗10165001广西大学77中蔗165402广西大学116中蔗162026广西大学
39中蔗167722广西大学78中蔗156204广西大学117中蔗156013广西大学
118中蔗160306广西大学126中蔗15421广西大学134中蔗1410006广西大学
119中蔗1410226广西大学127中蔗152301广西大学135中蔗1234广西大学
120中蔗156615广西大学128中蔗1421601广西大学136中蔗148704广西大学
121中蔗1424720广西大学129中蔗1421001广西大学137中蔗1414701广西大学
122中蔗1418004广西大学130中蔗1611713广西大学138中蔗112819广西大学
123中蔗160952广西大学131中蔗1520403广西大学139中蔗152809广西大学
124中蔗1417910广西大学132中蔗1511106广西大学140中蔗160701广西大学
125中蔗1612026广西大学133中蔗0574广西大学141中蔗1421002广西大学
), ArticleFig(id=1279857794299969960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

141份甘蔗种质资源的基本信息

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序号No.种质名称Germplasm name来源Origin序号No.种质名称Germplasm name来源Origin序号No.种质名称Germplasm name来源Origin
1中蔗151102广西大学40中蔗154508广西大学79中蔗167506广西大学
2中蔗114715广西大学41中蔗150703广西大学80中蔗1321501广西大学
3中蔗150505广西大学42中蔗1009广西大学81中蔗14509广西大学
4中蔗160941广西大学43中蔗121003广西大学82中蔗1613503广西大学
5中蔗161007广西大学44中蔗1611704广西大学83中蔗16803广西大学
6中蔗118607广西大学45中蔗1220318广西大学84中蔗168804广西大学
7中蔗162422广西大学46中蔗1623503广西大学85中蔗163205广西大学
8中蔗1514701广西大学47中蔗156008广西大学86中蔗15710广西大学
9中蔗167010广西大学48中蔗163706广西大学87中蔗156402广西大学
10中蔗1421418广西大学49中蔗16701广西大学88中蔗1520409广西大学
11中蔗1418504广西大学50中蔗15794广西大学89中蔗161343广西大学
12中蔗1419406广西大学51中蔗151005广西大学90中蔗1423804广西大学
13中蔗114715广西大学52中蔗1620903广西大学91中蔗21302广西大学
14中蔗153303广西大学53中蔗155404广西大学92中蔗1412506广西大学
15中蔗24201广西大学54中蔗128506广西大学93中蔗154203广西大学
16中蔗160913广西大学55中蔗15702广西大学94中蔗1612032广西大学
17中蔗16401广西大学56中蔗1414707广西大学95中蔗1120318广西大学
18中蔗161315广西大学57中蔗152802广西大学96中蔗1518106广西大学
19中蔗148903广西大学58中蔗140802广西大学97中蔗153312广西大学
20中蔗153315广西大学59中蔗19607广西大学98中蔗134007广西大学
21中蔗1422004广西大学60中蔗142802广西大学99中蔗167137广西大学
22中蔗1610012广西大学61中蔗167701广西大学100中蔗9614广西大学
23中蔗1421107广西大学62中蔗160134广西大学101中蔗19609广西大学
24中蔗16183广西大学63中蔗161015广西大学102中蔗165044广西大学
25中蔗168801广西大学64中蔗161218广西大学103中蔗161318广西大学
26中蔗1513304广西大学65中蔗142244广西大学104中蔗162097广西大学
27中蔗1618006广西大学66中蔗22452广西大学105中蔗161207广西大学
28中蔗167705广西大学67中蔗15701广西大学106中蔗168309广西大学
29中蔗155301广西大学68中蔗152010广西大学107中蔗1510707广西大学
30中蔗144101广西大学69中蔗165201广西大学108中蔗151106广西大学
31中蔗154513广西大学70中蔗1420701广西大学109中蔗161016广西大学
32中蔗167718广西大学71中蔗156201广西大学110中蔗1415418广西大学
33中蔗143413广西大学72中蔗1612506广西大学111中蔗1422606广西大学
34中蔗161324广西大学73中蔗1611728广西大学112中蔗15452广西大学
35中蔗156707广西大学74中蔗162801广西大学113中蔗168806广西大学
36中蔗168716广西大学75中蔗156002广西大学114中蔗15793广西大学
37中蔗149407广西大学76中蔗1414325广西大学115中蔗1415219广西大学
38中蔗10165001广西大学77中蔗165402广西大学116中蔗162026广西大学
39中蔗167722广西大学78中蔗156204广西大学117中蔗156013广西大学
118中蔗160306广西大学126中蔗15421广西大学134中蔗1410006广西大学
119中蔗1410226广西大学127中蔗152301广西大学135中蔗1234广西大学
120中蔗156615广西大学128中蔗1421601广西大学136中蔗148704广西大学
121中蔗1424720广西大学129中蔗1421001广西大学137中蔗1414701广西大学
122中蔗1418004广西大学130中蔗1611713广西大学138中蔗112819广西大学
123中蔗160952广西大学131中蔗1520403广西大学139中蔗152809广西大学
124中蔗1417910广西大学132中蔗1511106广西大学140中蔗160701广西大学
125中蔗1612026广西大学133中蔗0574广西大学141中蔗1421002广西大学
), ArticleFig(id=1279857795981885865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Diversity analysis of traits of test materials

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性状Trait最大值Max.最小值Min.平均值Average极差Range标准差SD变异系数CV/%
株高/cm351.33252.87299.2398.4622.537.53
茎径/cm3.321.982.550.770.228.50
有效茎数/(条·hm–2)131 945.1027 777.9277 108.34104 167.1818 110.2123.49
单茎重/kg2.480.921.621.560.2817.20
蔗茎产量/(kg·hm–2)219 153.8758 731.77134 594.33160 422.1036 771.7227.32
黑穗病率/%100.000.0045.12100.0030.3267.21
蔗糖分/%16.028.0812.997.941.5511.91
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796065771946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

参试材料各性状的多样性分析

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性状Trait最大值Max.最小值Min.平均值Average极差Range标准差SD变异系数CV/%
株高/cm351.33252.87299.2398.4622.537.53
茎径/cm3.321.982.550.770.228.50
有效茎数/(条·hm–2)131 945.1027 777.9277 108.34104 167.1818 110.2123.49
单茎重/kg2.480.921.621.560.2817.20
蔗茎产量/(kg·hm–2)219 153.8758 731.77134 594.33160 422.1036 771.7227.32
黑穗病率/%100.000.0045.12100.0030.3267.21
蔗糖分/%16.028.0812.997.941.5511.91
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796132880811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Correlation analysis of traits of test materials

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性状Trait株高Plant height茎径Stalk diameter有效茎数Millable stalks单茎重Stalk weight蔗茎产量Cane yield黑穗病率Smut rate蔗糖分Sucrose content
株高1.000
茎径0.0031.000
有效茎数0.048–0.254**1.000
单茎重0.531**0.571**–0.1331.000
蔗茎产量0.358**0.406**0.714**0.415**1.000
黑穗病率0.0970.148–0.0470.0500.0811.000
蔗糖分0.026–0.186*0.257**–0.0280.110–0.394**1.000
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796216766892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

参试材料各性状的相关性分析

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性状Trait株高Plant height茎径Stalk diameter有效茎数Millable stalks单茎重Stalk weight蔗茎产量Cane yield黑穗病率Smut rate蔗糖分Sucrose content
株高1.000
茎径0.0031.000
有效茎数0.048–0.254**1.000
单茎重0.531**0.571**–0.1331.000
蔗茎产量0.358**0.406**0.714**0.415**1.000
黑穗病率0.0970.148–0.0470.0500.0811.000
蔗糖分0.026–0.186*0.257**–0.0280.110–0.394**1.000
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796304847277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Factor loading matrix and contribution rate of traits of test materials

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性状Trait第一主成分First component第二主成分Second component第三主成分Third component
株高0.6180.0440.164
茎径0.625–0.4620.142
有效茎数0.2690.832–0.449
单茎重0.813–0.2600.374
蔗茎产量0.8250.443–0.284
黑穗病率–0.2130.4300.705
蔗糖分–0.0380.6620.507
特征值2.2331.7951.203
贡献率/%31.90525.63617.183
累计贡献率/%31.90557.54174.725
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796397121966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

参试材料各性状的主成分载荷与贡献率

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性状Trait第一主成分First component第二主成分Second component第三主成分Third component
株高0.6180.0440.164
茎径0.625–0.4620.142
有效茎数0.2690.832–0.449
单茎重0.813–0.2600.374
蔗茎产量0.8250.443–0.284
黑穗病率–0.2130.4300.705
蔗糖分–0.0380.6620.507
特征值2.2331.7951.203
贡献率/%31.90525.63617.183
累计贡献率/%31.90557.54174.725
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796481008047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Average of the primary data on three groups

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类群Group材料数Number of materials主成分综合得分(均值)Principal component comprehensive scores (average)原始分级数据(均值)Primary grade data (average)
株高Plant height/cm茎径Stalk diameter/cm有效茎数Millable stalks/(条·hm–2)单茎重Stalk weight/kg蔗茎产量Cane yield/(kg·hm–2)黑穗病率Smut rate/%蔗糖分Sucrose content/%
第Ⅰ类群600.77a311.66a2.60a86 574.51a1.77a163 635.07a35.62b13.51a
第Ⅱ类群10–1.62c281.87b2.41b64 028.10b1.32c92 524.97c62.82a9.90b
第Ⅲ类群71–0.42b291.18b2.52ab70 951.06b1.53b115 978.12b50.66ab12.98a
), ArticleFig(id=1279857796573282736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980609244409860, articleId=1277255792898207997, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各类群各性状原始数据平均值

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类群Group材料数Number of materials主成分综合得分(均值)Principal component comprehensive scores (average)原始分级数据(均值)Primary grade data (average)
株高Plant height/cm茎径Stalk diameter/cm有效茎数Millable stalks/(条·hm–2)单茎重Stalk weight/kg蔗茎产量Cane yield/(kg·hm–2)黑穗病率Smut rate/%蔗糖分Sucrose content/%
第Ⅰ类群600.77a311.66a2.60a86 574.51a1.77a163 635.07a35.62b13.51a
第Ⅱ类群10–1.62c281.87b2.41b64 028.10b1.32c92 524.97c62.82a9.90b
第Ⅲ类群71–0.42b291.18b2.52ab70 951.06b1.53b115 978.12b50.66ab12.98a
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Selected elite germplasm resources

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种质名称Germplasm name排序Sorting主成分综合得分Principal component comprehensive scores株高Plant height/cm茎径Stalk diameter/cm有效茎数Millable stalks/(条·hm–2)单茎重Stalk weight/kg蔗茎产量Cane yield/(kg·hm–2)黑穗病率Smut rate/%蔗糖分Sucrose content/%
中蔗14410111.93336.732.8387 500.442.24215 439.6646.1513.81
中蔗11860721.76331.072.60106 944.981.81217 890.0226.6713.79
中蔗14870431.67345.402.7979 167.062.26194 716.5953.8513.56
中蔗142110741.59339.072.5993 056.022.05192 978.0735.7113.58
中蔗1960951.53324.072.47101 389.401.85181 624.986.2514.29
中蔗161202661.41337.202.6976 389.272.07170 288.0921.4313.82
中蔗1542171.37336.802.4897 222.711.83183 226.9026.6713.66
中蔗161170481.33336.332.8177 778.172.28187 829.4475.0013.16
中蔗1571091.29307.132.8183 333.752.06182 937.150.0012.81
中蔗167010101.27302.872.72106 944.981.64215 929.7930.7713.43
中蔗160913111.26311.002.14131 945.101.47170 367.640.0014.59
中蔗114715121.19295.732.8890 278.232.30198 659.8253.8512.34
中蔗148903131.15317.272.7486 111.542.10185 977.4942.8612.66
中蔗1421002141.14351.332.5294 444.921.96192 978.8563.1611.81
中蔗153303151.11292.872.40108 333.881.64164 385.2113.3315.48
中蔗167137161.09313.132.7181 944.851.78171 005.3520.0014.38
中蔗15794171.06332.273.0070 833.692.48192 661.71100.0011.51
中蔗1518106181.06329.472.7080 555.961.88175 749.8035.7113.21
中蔗152809190.98338.732.5097 222.711.66188 310.3750.0012.73
中蔗160952200.95348.132.4891 667.131.77179 765.4657.1412.54
中蔗162026210.86286.472.5998 611.601.56169 913.910.0014.22
中蔗134007220.86299.733.3273 611.482.11219 153.8761.5410.45
中蔗1620903230.85310.002.6680 555.961.96159 979.118.3312.52
中蔗1420701240.81340.932.5673 611.481.81149 586.7446.1513.84
中蔗121003250.80302.802.6876 389.272.03149 316.778.3313.00
中蔗1414701260.79333.272.8754 166.942.42135 100.4140.0012.02
中蔗161016270.76313.802.7376 389.271.95161 037.3176.9214.46
中蔗168801280.74307.732.5994 444.921.73175 748.5575.0014.27
中蔗150505290.70300.802.24104 167.191.60141 479.8730.7715.26
中蔗112819300.60320.332.5268 055.901.92125 895.490.0013.06
中蔗142802310.59318.602.6676 389.271.70155 730.3635.7113.34
中蔗24201320.56321.332.09100 000.501.50127 656.0713.3314.38
中蔗0574330.56289.802.6788 889.331.88164 524.0340.0012.80
中蔗156002340.52282.402.6990 278.231.66165 022.3743.7514.12
中蔗165201350.52291.872.6387 500.441.46158 554.3138.4615.02
中蔗1415219360.52279.132.7183 333.751.48152 599.990.0014.53
中蔗1422606370.51282.272.6198 611.601.59169 971.8146.1513.96
中蔗1520403380.50314.802.26112 500.561.48163 725.5746.6712.89
中蔗156013390.50291.272.45109 722.771.51172 485.3733.3312.88
中蔗1422004400.50332.132.4256 944.731.99101 097.7014.2914.10
中蔗161324410.47311.872.34109 722.771.38169 982.3846.6713.08
中蔗1220318420.47331.932.3681 944.851.83137 436.7228.5712.15
中蔗163706430.46296.002.7884 722.651.78173 826.6386.6713.73
中蔗1412506440.45305.802.5790 278.231.72164 965.9878.5713.69
中蔗168716450.45305.002.9555 555.831.97133 376.5133.3313.47
中蔗143413460.44305.672.7970 833.691.97152 388.6253.8512.70
中蔗151005470.41285.002.3983 333.751.76121 538.530.0014.36
中蔗161315480.38326.272.5181 944.851.50152 885.877.1411.73
中蔗161007490.38303.732.8261 111.421.47133 048.468.3314.72
中蔗1418004500.34300.202.5293 056.021.64160 239.3264.2913.40
中蔗9614510.34316.202.4079 167.061.60130 681.9221.4313.60
中蔗140802520.34318.132.1397 222.711.39126 607.810.0013.45
中蔗156615530.33334.402.56104 167.191.59208 227.0993.339.65
中蔗1510707540.32278.672.7288 889.331.36163 060.2446.6714.91
中蔗151102550.28278.072.6970 833.691.63127 256.127.6914.77
中蔗1611713560.28314.602.6276 389.271.44148 923.4950.0014.03
中蔗156008570.24310.402.4177 778.171.55126 809.0435.7114.40
中蔗168309580.22276.072.5494 444.921.53149 689.6650.0014.45
中蔗151106590.19283.602.5768 055.901.45113 905.110.0015.65
中蔗153315600.19271.932.7577 778.171.39141 952.897.6914.52
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筛选的优异种质资源

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种质名称Germplasm name排序Sorting主成分综合得分Principal component comprehensive scores株高Plant height/cm茎径Stalk diameter/cm有效茎数Millable stalks/(条·hm–2)单茎重Stalk weight/kg蔗茎产量Cane yield/(kg·hm–2)黑穗病率Smut rate/%蔗糖分Sucrose content/%
中蔗14410111.93336.732.8387 500.442.24215 439.6646.1513.81
中蔗11860721.76331.072.60106 944.981.81217 890.0226.6713.79
中蔗14870431.67345.402.7979 167.062.26194 716.5953.8513.56
中蔗142110741.59339.072.5993 056.022.05192 978.0735.7113.58
中蔗1960951.53324.072.47101 389.401.85181 624.986.2514.29
中蔗161202661.41337.202.6976 389.272.07170 288.0921.4313.82
中蔗1542171.37336.802.4897 222.711.83183 226.9026.6713.66
中蔗161170481.33336.332.8177 778.172.28187 829.4475.0013.16
中蔗1571091.29307.132.8183 333.752.06182 937.150.0012.81
中蔗167010101.27302.872.72106 944.981.64215 929.7930.7713.43
中蔗160913111.26311.002.14131 945.101.47170 367.640.0014.59
中蔗114715121.19295.732.8890 278.232.30198 659.8253.8512.34
中蔗148903131.15317.272.7486 111.542.10185 977.4942.8612.66
中蔗1421002141.14351.332.5294 444.921.96192 978.8563.1611.81
中蔗153303151.11292.872.40108 333.881.64164 385.2113.3315.48
中蔗167137161.09313.132.7181 944.851.78171 005.3520.0014.38
中蔗15794171.06332.273.0070 833.692.48192 661.71100.0011.51
中蔗1518106181.06329.472.7080 555.961.88175 749.8035.7113.21
中蔗152809190.98338.732.5097 222.711.66188 310.3750.0012.73
中蔗160952200.95348.132.4891 667.131.77179 765.4657.1412.54
中蔗162026210.86286.472.5998 611.601.56169 913.910.0014.22
中蔗134007220.86299.733.3273 611.482.11219 153.8761.5410.45
中蔗1620903230.85310.002.6680 555.961.96159 979.118.3312.52
中蔗1420701240.81340.932.5673 611.481.81149 586.7446.1513.84
中蔗121003250.80302.802.6876 389.272.03149 316.778.3313.00
中蔗1414701260.79333.272.8754 166.942.42135 100.4140.0012.02
中蔗161016270.76313.802.7376 389.271.95161 037.3176.9214.46
中蔗168801280.74307.732.5994 444.921.73175 748.5575.0014.27
中蔗150505290.70300.802.24104 167.191.60141 479.8730.7715.26
中蔗112819300.60320.332.5268 055.901.92125 895.490.0013.06
中蔗142802310.59318.602.6676 389.271.70155 730.3635.7113.34
中蔗24201320.56321.332.09100 000.501.50127 656.0713.3314.38
中蔗0574330.56289.802.6788 889.331.88164 524.0340.0012.80
中蔗156002340.52282.402.6990 278.231.66165 022.3743.7514.12
中蔗165201350.52291.872.6387 500.441.46158 554.3138.4615.02
中蔗1415219360.52279.132.7183 333.751.48152 599.990.0014.53
中蔗1422606370.51282.272.6198 611.601.59169 971.8146.1513.96
中蔗1520403380.50314.802.26112 500.561.48163 725.5746.6712.89
中蔗156013390.50291.272.45109 722.771.51172 485.3733.3312.88
中蔗1422004400.50332.132.4256 944.731.99101 097.7014.2914.10
中蔗161324410.47311.872.34109 722.771.38169 982.3846.6713.08
中蔗1220318420.47331.932.3681 944.851.83137 436.7228.5712.15
中蔗163706430.46296.002.7884 722.651.78173 826.6386.6713.73
中蔗1412506440.45305.802.5790 278.231.72164 965.9878.5713.69
中蔗168716450.45305.002.9555 555.831.97133 376.5133.3313.47
中蔗143413460.44305.672.7970 833.691.97152 388.6253.8512.70
中蔗151005470.41285.002.3983 333.751.76121 538.530.0014.36
中蔗161315480.38326.272.5181 944.851.50152 885.877.1411.73
中蔗161007490.38303.732.8261 111.421.47133 048.468.3314.72
中蔗1418004500.34300.202.5293 056.021.64160 239.3264.2913.40
中蔗9614510.34316.202.4079 167.061.60130 681.9221.4313.60
中蔗140802520.34318.132.1397 222.711.39126 607.810.0013.45
中蔗156615530.33334.402.56104 167.191.59208 227.0993.339.65
中蔗1510707540.32278.672.7288 889.331.36163 060.2446.6714.91
中蔗151102550.28278.072.6970 833.691.63127 256.127.6914.77
中蔗1611713560.28314.602.6276 389.271.44148 923.4950.0014.03
中蔗156008570.24310.402.4177 778.171.55126 809.0435.7114.40
中蔗168309580.22276.072.5494 444.921.53149 689.6650.0014.45
中蔗151106590.19283.602.5768 055.901.45113 905.110.0015.65
中蔗153315600.19271.932.7577 778.171.39141 952.897.6914.52
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基于主成分分析和聚类分析评价141份中蔗优良品系资源
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郭强 1, 2 , 江清梅 1 , 何洪良 1 , 黎正英 1 , 梁永检 1 , 秦昌鲜 1 , 唐利球 1, 2, *
热带作物学报 | 种质资源与遗传育种 2024,45(1): 49-59
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热带作物学报 |种质资源与遗传育种 2024 , 45 (1) : 49 -59
基于主成分分析和聚类分析评价141份中蔗优良品系资源
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郭强1, 2, 江清梅1, 何洪良1, 黎正英1, 梁永检1, 秦昌鲜1, 唐利球1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州 532415
  • 2.蔗糖产业省部共建协同创新中心,广西南宁 530004
通讯作者:
* 唐利球(TANG Liqiu),E-mail:
作者简介:

郭强(1987—),男,硕士,农艺师,研究方向:甘蔗杂交育种及病害。

Evaluation of 141 Excellent Zhongzhe Sugarcane Germplasms Based on Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis
Qiang GUO1, 2, Qingmei JIANG1, Hongliang HE1, Zhengying LI1, Yongjian LIANG1, Changxian QIN1, Liqiu TANG1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Longzhou, Guangxi 532415, China
  • 2.Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugar Industry, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.006
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科学地评价甘蔗种质资源,可为甘蔗杂交育种提供优质的亲本材料。本研究采用主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对141份中蔗优良品系资源的7个表型性状进行多样性评价。结果表明:黑穗病率、蔗茎产量、有效茎数、单茎重和蔗糖分的变异系数均大于10%,其中黑穗病率的变异系数最大,达到67.21%。相关性分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与株高、茎径、有效茎数和单茎重呈极显著正相关,茎径与有效茎数呈极显著负相关,蔗糖分与黑穗病率呈极显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明,提取3个主成分的累计贡献率达到74.725%,其中第一主成分反映的是产量性状,第二主成分反映的是茎数和品质性状,第三主成分反映的是病害和品质性状。聚类分析将141份中蔗品系划分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群蔗株高大,高产高糖,抗病性强,宿根性强,各性状表现优异;第Ⅱ类群各性状综合表现较差;第Ⅲ类群各性状综合表现一般。根据主成分分析结果和聚类分析结果筛选出60份综合表现优异的种质资源,其中中蔗153303、中蔗150505、中蔗165201和中蔗151106等4个种质可作为高糖亲本;中蔗15710、中蔗160913、中蔗162026、中蔗112819、中蔗1415219、中蔗1510055、中蔗140802和中蔗151106等8个种质可作为抗黑穗病亲本;中蔗134007、中蔗118607、中蔗167010、中蔗144101和中蔗156615等5个种质可作为高产亲本。

甘蔗  /  种质资源  /  主成分分析  /  聚类分析

Scientific evaluation of sugarcane germplasm resources can provide high quality parental materials for sugarcane cross breeding. In this study, seven phenotypic traits of 141 excellent sugarcane germplasm were evaluated for diversity using methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The variation coefficients of smut rate, cane yield, millable stalks, stalk weight and sucrose content were all greater than 10%, with the variation coefficients of smut rate being the largest at 67.21%. Correlation analysis showed that the cane yield was highly significantly positively correlated with plant height, stalk diameter, millable stalks and stalk weight, and the stalk diameter was highly significantly negatively correlated with millable stalks, and the sucrose content was highly significantly negatively correlated with smut rate. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of 3 principal component factors was 74.725%, among which the first principal component was related to yield traits, the second principal component was related to stems and quality traits, the third principal component was related to disease traits and quality traits. Based on cluster analysis, the 141 sugarcane germplasm resources could be divided into 3 groups, among which group Ⅰ had the taller plants, highest yield and highest sucrose content, highest disease resistance, strong persisrence, and had excellent performance for all traits. Group Ⅱ had the smaller plants, lowest yield and lowest sucrose content, lowest disease resistance, poor persisrence, and had poor performance for all traits. Group Ⅲ had average performance for all traits. 60 germplasm resources were selected with excellent overall performance by principal compoment analysis results and cluster analysis results, among which ZZ153303, ZZ150505, ZZ165201 and ZZ151106 could be used as high sugar content parents, ZZ15710, ZZ160913, ZZ162026, ZZ112819, ZZ1415219, ZZ1510055, ZZ140802 and ZZ151106 could be used as highly resistant smut parents, ZZ134007, ZZ118607, ZZ167010, ZZ144101 and ZZ156615 could be used as high yield parents.

sugarcane  /  germplasm resources  /  orincipal compoment analysis  /  cluster analysis
郭强, 江清梅, 何洪良, 黎正英, 梁永检, 秦昌鲜, 唐利球. 基于主成分分析和聚类分析评价141份中蔗优良品系资源. 热带作物学报, 2024 , 45 (1) : 49 -59 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.006
Qiang GUO, Qingmei JIANG, Hongliang HE, Zhengying LI, Yongjian LIANG, Changxian QIN, Liqiu TANG. Evaluation of 141 Excellent Zhongzhe Sugarcane Germplasms Based on Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2024 , 45 (1) : 49 -59 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.006
甘蔗(Saccharum spp. hybrids)是热带作物,原产于热带和亚热带地区,属于禾本科单子叶植物,是世界上最主要的糖料作物之一[1]。我国是世界第三大甘蔗生产国,蔗糖总量占全国食糖总量的90%以上[2]。因此,蔗糖产业的可持续发展对保障国家食糖安全有着举足轻重的作用。
甘蔗杂交育种能否获得成功,主要依赖于杂交组合的科学选配,而杂交组合的科学组配则需要对甘蔗亲本材料进行系统地鉴定评价[3]。目前,绝大多数甘蔗育种单位均是根据海南甘蔗育种场提供的亲本信息进行组配杂交组合,然后委托海南甘蔗育种场进行培育杂交种子。像这样将获得的杂交种子到各个育种单位种植,很大一部分杂交组合的实生苗长势非常差,完全筛选不出优良单株。这主要是由于各育种单位的科技人员不了解亲本材料在当地的表现,只能通过海南甘蔗育种场提供的亲本信息和技术员自身的经验进行组配。因此,育种单位自行开展种质资源的收集、鉴定和评价,是提高种质利用率和甘蔗杂交育种效率的重要保障。
目前,甘蔗种质资源的研究最直接最基本的方法依然是表型性状的鉴定和描述[4],虽然分子标记技术手段已广泛应用于甘蔗遗传多样性分析[5-9],但是表型性状具有简单明确、经济有效、数据收集简便快速、与生产实际联系紧密等特点,具有不可替代的作用[10]。目前已有大量学者对甘蔗种质资源的表型性状进行了遗传多样性分析。刘新龙等[11]利用17个质量性状和5个数量性状对1160份甘蔗种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析,结果表明,不同来源地品种群体的数量遗传变异有较大差异,美国、中国台湾、澳大利亚等3个地区的甘蔗种质创新比较活跃,甘蔗品种群体表型性状的遗传变异主要来自来源地内部,且不同来源地品种群体之间存在较大的基因交流。吴建涛等[4]利用35个表型性状对116份甘蔗种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析,结果发现粤糖系列甘蔗亲本遗传多样性水平较高,叶片宽度和曝光后茎色多样性非常丰富,20世纪80年代粤糖亲本多样性指数最高。赵勇等[3]采用农艺性状快速分级的方法对317份甘蔗种质资源进行评价,结果表明,株高、茎径、有效茎、叶部病害程度和总体生势等是反映甘蔗种质资源田间表现的重要农艺性状指标。昝逢刚等[12]利用29个表型性状对104份国外引进甘蔗种质进行种间表型多样性分析,结果发现,104份国外甘蔗种质的质量性状多样性十分丰富,数量性状遗传变异较大。毛钧等[13]利用表型数据结合分子标记数据对147份斑茅无性系种质进行分析,筛选出了16份优良材料并构建斑茅微核心种质。徐超华等[14]以162份斑茅种质资源为材料,对其表型性状及其遗传多样性进行研究,结果发现,斑茅种质资源质量性状的遗传多样性指数整体偏低,数量性状的遗传变异较为丰富,群体的遗传变异主要来自于采集地内部,群体之间存在较大的基因交流,遗传结构分化不明显。
虽然已有学者对甘蔗种质资源的表型性状进行了分析评价的一系列报道,但是桂西南蔗区甘蔗种质资源收集保存、鉴定评价却鲜有报道,导致桂西南蔗区甘蔗育种进展较为缓慢。目前,桂西南蔗区主栽品种桂糖42号和柳城05136均易感黑穗病,而广西大学选育的中蔗系列甘蔗新品系最突出的特点就是高抗黑穗病和高产[9]。本研究基于主成分分析和聚类分析,以广西大学引进141份中蔗优良品系资源为研究材料,对其表型性状及遗传多样性进行研究,以期筛选出桂西南蔗区表现优异的甘蔗种质资源,尤其是高抗黑穗病的优异种质,为下一步桂西南蔗区甘蔗杂交育种提供优质的亲本。
参试甘蔗种质资源共141份,均为广西大学自主选育的中蔗优良品系,为育种中间材料,于2019年从广西大学引进,所有种质均保存于广西南亚热带农业科学研究所甘蔗种质资源圃中。各甘蔗种质资源具体信息详见表1
试验基地位于广西崇左市龙州县,属于南亚热带季风气候,气候暖和湿润,土壤为红壤土,耕作层有机质含量为2.40%~3.73%,全氮为1.36%~1.99%,速效磷为1125 g/kg,速效钾为60~130 g/kg,pH 4.5~6.5。前茬作物为甘蔗。
本试验于2019年6月份种植,种质鉴定顺序排列,不设重复,试验小区行长10 m,单行区,行距120 cm,每行种植120芽,四周设保护行。田间管理按当地管理水平管理。试验于2020—2021年连续2 a对甘蔗种质资源宿根蔗的株高、茎径、有效茎数、单茎重、蔗茎产量、黑穗病率、蔗糖分等7个性状进行测量。参照《甘蔗种质资源描述规范和数据标准》[15]的方法,在甘蔗成熟期,即12份选取连续15株健康甘蔗测量株高、茎径;调查小区内株高1 m以上的蔗株数量和黑穗病发病蔗株数量,计算每公顷有效茎数和黑穗病发病率,估算蔗茎产量;选取10株甘蔗,实际称量其总重量,计算单茎重。次年1月随机选取6株健康甘蔗,参考李文凤等[16]的一次旋光法测定甘蔗糖分。
运用Excel 2010软件对数据进行整理,并计算各性状的最大值、最小值、平均值、标准差和变异系数。采用SPSS 20.0软件对各性状数据进行方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析,其中2个宿根季数据取平均值进行相关统计分析。
表2可知,141份中蔗品系资源的表型性状差异明显,变异系数在7.53%~67.21%之间,其中黑穗病率的变异系数(67.21%)最大,其次是蔗茎产量(27.32%)、有效茎数(23.49%)、单茎重(17.20%)和蔗糖分(11.91%),均大于10%,表明这5个表型性状具有较大的离散程度,资源类型丰富,进行遗传改良的潜力较大;其他2个性状变异系数较小,均小于10%。
7个表型性状的相关性分析结果表明(表3),蔗茎产量与株高、茎径、有效茎数和单茎重呈极显著正相关,说明蔗茎产量与株高、茎径、有效茎数和单茎重等产量性状密切相关;单茎重与株高、茎径呈极显著正相关,说明越是高大的品种单茎重越大;茎径与有效茎数呈极显著负相关,与蔗糖分呈显著负相关,蔗糖分与有效茎数呈极显著正相关,说明大茎品种的有效茎数相对小茎品种要少,蔗糖分相对较低,有效茎数多的品种蔗茎较小,蔗糖分较高;黑穗病率与蔗糖分呈极显著负相关,说明受黑穗病危害严重的甘蔗品种,蔗糖分显著下降,严重影响甘蔗的品质。
对7个表型性状进行主成分分析,以特征值大于1为标准提取主成分,结果显示(表4),7个表型性状的主要信息集中在前3个主成分中,累计贡献率达到了74.725%。主成分中各变量的系数是该性状作用大小的一个主要指标。第一主成分的特征值为2.233,方差贡献率为31.905%,其特征向量中,载荷较高且为正值的性状包括蔗茎产量(0.825)、单茎重(0.813)、茎径(0.625)和株高(0.618),主要反映的是产量性状。第二主成分的特征值为1.795,方差贡献率为25.636%,其特征向量中,载荷较高且为正值的性状包括有效茎数(0.832)和蔗糖分(0.662),主要反映的是茎数和品质性状。第三主成分的特征值为1.203,方差贡献率为17.183%,其特征向量中,载荷较高且为正值的性状包括黑穗病率(0.705)和蔗糖分(0.507),主要反映的是病害和品质性状。确定主成分后,计算141份中蔗品系资源的主成分综合得分,综合得分越大,表明该种质的综合表现越优。
根据主成分综合得分,以欧式距离平方法对141份中蔗品系资源进行系统聚类分析,在欧氏距离为10处可将全部种质资源划分为3个类群(图1),各类群各性状的平均值见表5。第Ⅰ类群包括60份中蔗品系资源,该类群主成分综合得分高,其蔗株高大,高产高糖,抗病性强,宿根性强,各性状表现优异,与其他类群相比差异显著。第Ⅱ类群包括10份中蔗品系资源,该类群主成分综合得分低,植株矮小,产量低,糖分低,抗病性较差,宿根性不强,各性状综合表现较差。第Ⅲ类群包括71份中蔗品系资源,该类群主成分综合得分较低,蔗株中等,产量一般,蔗糖分较高,抗病性较差,宿根性一般,各性状综合表现一般。
通过田间调查和统计分析,第Ⅰ类群的60份中蔗品系综合表现优异,相关性状见表6。通过综合评价,这60份中蔗品系高产高糖,抗逆性强,宿根性好,可作为甘蔗杂交亲本加以利用。其中,中蔗153303、中蔗150505、中蔗165201和中蔗151106等4个种质蔗糖分较高,均达到15%以上,可作为高糖亲本重点利用。中蔗15710、中蔗160913、中蔗162026、中蔗112819、中蔗1415219、中蔗1510055、中蔗140802和中蔗151106等8个种质表现出高抗黑穗病,田间调查中均未发现感染黑穗病,可作为抗黑穗病亲本加以利用。中蔗134007、中蔗118607、中蔗167010、中蔗144101和中蔗156615等5个种质产量较高,蔗茎产量均达到200 000 kg/hm2以上,可作为高产亲本加以利用。
甘蔗种质资源的发掘利用,是突破性育种和遗传改良的关键,而种质资源研究最基本方法则是通过表型性状的鉴定评价,表型性状是甘蔗杂交育种中选配亲本的重要依据,选择综合性状优良的亲本配制杂交组合是甘蔗杂交育种选配组合的原则之一[3,17]。桂西南蔗区恰恰是缺乏对种质资源的鉴定评价,导致甘蔗育种科技人员缺乏对亲本材料在桂西南蔗区表现的了解,只能依靠海南甘蔗育种场提供的亲本信息和技术员自身的经验进行组合配制,此杂交组合培育的实生苗多数表现出植株矮小,长势差,病害严重,很难选育出优良单株。因此,本研究希望通过对141份中蔗优良品系资源的7个表型性状进行分析,筛选出桂西南蔗区表现优异的种质资源,作为桂西南蔗区甘蔗杂交组合配制的优质亲本。
遗传多样性分析发现,变异系数变化范围在7.53%~67.21%之间,说明甘蔗种质资源具有丰富的遗传变异;其中变异系数最大的是黑穗病率,说明该性状具有丰富的遗传基础,蕴藏着较大的选择潜力;而株高和茎径的变异系数均在10%以下,说明株高和茎径的遗传相对稳定,改良空间较小。这与武晋宇等[18](5.68%~51.55%)和罗赣丰等[19](8.85%~67.61%)的研究报道基本一致。
相关性分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与株高、茎径、有效茎数和单茎重呈极显著正相关,这与蒋洪涛等[20]研究结果基本一致。说明株高、茎径、有效茎数和单茎为影响产量的主要性状,尤其是有效茎数对产量的影响效应最大。茎径与有效茎数呈极显著负相关,说明大茎品种往往分蘖性较差,有效茎数相对小茎品种要少。黑穗病率与蔗糖分呈极显著负相关,据杨荣仲等[21]研究结果表明,黑穗病的发生与甘蔗株高、茎径、单茎重、蔗茎产量等不存在显著相关性,对甘蔗产量没有显著影响,这与本研究结果一致,造成这一结果主要是由于受黑穗病为害的蔗株,最终整株死亡,对甘蔗株高、茎径、产量影响不大,但会对蔗糖分的转化造成严重影响,尤其对从侧芽抽出黑穗病鞭的蔗株危害严重,说明受黑穗病危害严重的甘蔗品种,蔗糖分显著下降,严重影响甘蔗的品质。
主成分分析法是利用降维的方法,用少数几个主成分概括多个性状指标的统计分析方法,用于作物表型性状评价上,既能把握其综合性状表现,又能简化程序,更具科学性[22-23]。本研究通过主成分分析发现,7个表型性状可提取3个主成分,累计贡献率达到了74.725%,第一主成分反映的是产量性状,第二主成分反映的是茎数和品质性状,第三主成分反映的是病害和品质性状。这3个特征是造成甘蔗种质表型多样化的主要因素,可根据这3个特征有针对性地发掘育种中间材料,为甘蔗杂交育种提供优质的亲本材料。
通过系统聚类分析,将141份中蔗品系划分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群蔗株高大,高产高糖,抗病性强,宿根性强,各性状表现优异。第Ⅱ类群植株矮小,产量低,糖分低,抗病性较差,宿根性不强,各性状综合表现较差。第Ⅲ类群蔗株中等,产量一般,蔗糖分较高,抗病性较差,宿根性一般,各性状综合表现一般。综合表现优异的是第Ⅰ类群,其中包括60份种质,可作为杂交亲本进行组合配制,运用家系评价的方法进一步评价其作为杂交亲本的优异表现。此外,中蔗153303、中蔗150505、中蔗165201和中蔗151106等4个种质可作为高糖亲本加以利用。而中蔗15710、中蔗160913、中蔗162026、中蔗112819、中蔗1415219、中蔗1510055、中蔗140802和中蔗151106等8个种质可作为抗黑穗病亲本。抗黑穗病育种是我国甘蔗抗病育种的主要育种目标之一,而抗黑穗病育种进展较为缓慢,主要是由于高抗黑穗病的亲本材料仅占8.16%,这一现状给甘蔗抗黑穗病育种带来了严峻挑战[21],因此需要筛选出更多的高抗黑穗病亲本。中蔗134007、中蔗118607、中蔗167010、中蔗144101和中蔗156615等5个种质可作为高产亲本加以利用。目前,我国的甘蔗高产育种与高糖育种相比进展缓慢,而一味地强调高糖育种而忽视高产育种,将会导致亲本群体产量限制而无法获得有效突破[24],因此需要筛选出更多的高产亲本。
本研究仅针对桂西南蔗区引进甘蔗种质资源的表型性状进行分析,具有一定的主观性,同时也容易受到环境因素的影响,获得的结论往往不够客观。因此,计划下一步利用分子标记对甘蔗种质资源进行深入的遗传多样性分析和基因挖掘,以期更加客观地评价甘蔗种质资源,揭示其内在的遗传信息,提高资源利用效率,更好地为桂西南蔗区甘蔗杂交育种服务。
  • 广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117002-6)
  • 国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03-04)
  • 广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT161)
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2024年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.006
  • 接收时间:2022-09-21
  • 首发时间:2026-06-26
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-21
  • 修回日期:2022-11-23
基金
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117002-6)
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03-04)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT161)
作者信息
    1.广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州 532415
    2.蔗糖产业省部共建协同创新中心,广西南宁 530004

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* 唐利球(TANG Liqiu),E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rdzwxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.01.006
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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