Article(id=1315718867784159501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, issueId=1315718825799168011, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.20260024, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1784044800000, receivedDateStr=2026-07-15, revisedDate=1788192000000, revisedDateStr=2026-09-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791621422953, onlineDateStr=2026-10-10, pubDate=1789833600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791621422953, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791621422953, creator=system, updateTime=1791621422953, updator=system, issue=Issue{id=1315718825799168011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, year='2026', volume='5', issue='3', pageStart='4', pageEnd='140', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789833600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791621412943, creator='system', updateTime=1791623747519, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1315728617838068612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, issueId=1315718825799168011, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1315728617838068613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, issueId=1315718825799168011, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=30, endPage=42, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1315718867977097486, articleId=1315718867784159501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, language=EN, title=Promoting Implementation of Major Science and Technology Projects through the New System for Mobilizing Resources Nationwide: Main Approaches, Basic Principles, and Strategic Recommendations, columnId=1278659626640052268, journalTitle=Science and Technology Foresight, columnName=Special Topic, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Improving the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide and organizing the implementation of major science and technology projects constitutes a major decision and deployment made by the CPC Central Committee. Based on the characteristics of major scientific and technological research tasks, this study explores the institutional matching between the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide and the implementation of major science and technology projects in four dimensions: target objects, R&D cycles, mobilization of forces, and organizational implementation. Based on practical experience from major science and technology projects, the operational framework and process model through which the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide supports the implementation of such projects are analyzed across six key links: scope of target objects, project approval and decision-making, organizational system, relational coordination, resource assurance, and application and transformation. This paper summarizes the common characteristics of major science and technology projects driven by the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide, and further elaborates and analyzes the basic principles governing the operation of such projects from six dimensions: coordinating institutions, organizational management, resource allocation, expert participation, transformation and application, and open innovation. Based on these basic principles, strategic recommendations for promoting the implementation of empowering major science and technology projects through the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide, providing a useful reference for improving the quality and effectiveness of the implementation of major science and technology projects at the national level.
, authors=Shulei LIU
1, Jianghai LIANG
1, *, Xiao YANG
1, Lin LI
1, authorsList=Shulei LIU, Jianghai LIANG, Xiao YANG, Lin LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jianghai LIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology Foresight. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315718869013090583, articleId=1315718867784159501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, language=CN, title=以新型举国体制推动重大科技工程实施:主要途径、基本规律及策略建议, columnId=1278659626858156078, journalTitle=前瞻科技, columnName=专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
完善新型举国体制,组织实施重大科技项目,是党中央作出的重大决策部署。针对重大科技攻关特点,从目标对象、研发周期、力量动员、组织实施等要求,研究新型举国体制与重大科技工程实施的制度匹配性。结合重大科技工程实践,从对象范围、立项决策、组织体系、关系协同、资源保障和应用转化等关键环节,探析新型举国体制推动重大科技工程的运作框架和流程模式。梳理总结了新型举国体制推动重大科技工程的共性特征,从统筹机构、组织管理、资源配置、专家作用、转化应用、开放创新等多维度论述分析了基本规律。基于这一基本规律,提出了新型举国体制推动重大科技工程实施的策略建议,为国家提升重大科技工程实施质效提供有益参考。
, authors=刘书雷
1, 梁江海
1, *, 杨筱
1, 李林
1, authorsList=刘书雷, 梁江海, 杨筱, 李林, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=梁江海, authorNote=
 |
刘书雷,博士研究生导师,研究员。军队相关人才计划入选者,军地多个专家组成员。主要从事重大科技工程治理、新型举国体制、科技发展战略、新兴领域安全治理等研究。主持国家和军队各类课题80余项。获军队科技进步奖一等奖等10项。电子信箱:slliu@nudt.edu.cn |
 |
梁江海,副研究员。主要从事重大科技工程治理、新型举国体制、科技发展战略等研究。主持国家和军队各类课题10余项。获湖南省社会科学优秀成果奖二等奖等奖。电子信箱:ljhchs11@nudt.edu.cn。 |
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, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026 前瞻科技编辑部
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The “863” program: A cradle for cultivating high-tech talents in new China[J]. Chinese Talents, 2022(11): 55-57. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315718870795669785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315718870804058394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, companyId=1315718870795669785, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1国防科技大学国防科技战略研究智库, 长沙 410073)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1315718872615997754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, language=EN, label=fig.1, caption=
Alignment between the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide and implementation of major science and technology projects, figureFileSmall=j8FsJNNK/SjFWtSF1R5C2A==, figureFileBig=ll6134zuViQKtCJttZsPgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315718872691495227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
新型举国体制与重大科技工程实施的契合逻辑, figureFileSmall=j8FsJNNK/SjFWtSF1R5C2A==, figureFileBig=ll6134zuViQKtCJttZsPgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315718872909599036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, language=EN, label=fig.2, caption=
Main approaches to promoting major science and technology projects through the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide, figureFileSmall=ZPaXeuIPOvCPRvfC2PT16Q==, figureFileBig=Cnsd4IatYikYP6obBYIV5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315718872985096509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
新型举国体制推动重大科技工程的主要途径, figureFileSmall=ZPaXeuIPOvCPRvfC2PT16Q==, figureFileBig=Cnsd4IatYikYP6obBYIV5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315718873094148414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Comparison of major science and technology research models in other countries
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 国家 | 攻关模式 | 市场规模 | 政府角色 | 资源配置 | 组织特征 | 攻关特点 |
|---|
| 美国 | 市场主导与战略引导型 | 超大规模本土市场、全球金融霸权 | 守夜人、风险投资者 | 高度依赖发达的风险投资体系和多层次资本市场,实现科技成果的商业化闭环 | 以DARPA为代表的小核心、大网络项目经理制,以及国家科学基金会的同行评议制。政府通过发布项目、政府采购引导方向 | 军民融合、协同创新,利用国家安全和国防需求作为重大科技攻关的牵引力,并通过技术溢出催生庞大的民用市场 |
| 日本 | 产业联盟与官产学协同型 | 本土市场 成熟但规 模小,依 赖出口 | 总指挥、产业联盟发起者 | 政府资金引导,大企业联合出资 | 以“官产学研”合作研发为基础,实行联合与竞争相结合,典型代表为VLSI计划 | 注重工程化、工艺突破和渐进式创新。近年推出的“登月型”研发计划和颠覆性技术创新计划(ImPACT),引入类似DARPA的项目经理制以激发颠覆性创新 |
| 欧洲 | 多国联合与规则导向型 | 市场碎片化、需跨 国整合 | 规则制定者、跨国协调者 | 通过超国家层面的顶层设计,制定统一的技术标准和环保/伦理规则,以规则制定权弥补市场规模的不足 | 以地平线欧洲计划、伽利略导航计划和空中客车计划为代表,强调多国政府、跨国企业和顶尖科研机构的联合出资和联合研发 | 聚焦人类挑战,强调社会价值与可持续性,多国联合推动科技创新 |
| 以色列 | 创新孵化与军民融合型 | 规模小, 高度依赖全球化 | 风险共担者、生态构建者 | 政府出资共担风险,引入全球风险投资 | 政府主导重大计划制定实施,军民深度融合模式促进科技创新发展,充分利用国内外研发平台推动国际合作 | 首席科学家办公室推动科技创新孵化,学术机构和工业部门紧密合作,以产学研结合体系推动创新成果转化 |
), ArticleFig(id=1315718873186423103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1315718867784159501, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
国外主要科技攻关模式对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 国家 | 攻关模式 | 市场规模 | 政府角色 | 资源配置 | 组织特征 | 攻关特点 |
|---|
| 美国 | 市场主导与战略引导型 | 超大规模本土市场、全球金融霸权 | 守夜人、风险投资者 | 高度依赖发达的风险投资体系和多层次资本市场,实现科技成果的商业化闭环 | 以DARPA为代表的小核心、大网络项目经理制,以及国家科学基金会的同行评议制。政府通过发布项目、政府采购引导方向 | 军民融合、协同创新,利用国家安全和国防需求作为重大科技攻关的牵引力,并通过技术溢出催生庞大的民用市场 |
| 日本 | 产业联盟与官产学协同型 | 本土市场 成熟但规 模小,依 赖出口 | 总指挥、产业联盟发起者 | 政府资金引导,大企业联合出资 | 以“官产学研”合作研发为基础,实行联合与竞争相结合,典型代表为VLSI计划 | 注重工程化、工艺突破和渐进式创新。近年推出的“登月型”研发计划和颠覆性技术创新计划(ImPACT),引入类似DARPA的项目经理制以激发颠覆性创新 |
| 欧洲 | 多国联合与规则导向型 | 市场碎片化、需跨 国整合 | 规则制定者、跨国协调者 | 通过超国家层面的顶层设计,制定统一的技术标准和环保/伦理规则,以规则制定权弥补市场规模的不足 | 以地平线欧洲计划、伽利略导航计划和空中客车计划为代表,强调多国政府、跨国企业和顶尖科研机构的联合出资和联合研发 | 聚焦人类挑战,强调社会价值与可持续性,多国联合推动科技创新 |
| 以色列 | 创新孵化与军民融合型 | 规模小, 高度依赖全球化 | 风险共担者、生态构建者 | 政府出资共担风险,引入全球风险投资 | 政府主导重大计划制定实施,军民深度融合模式促进科技创新发展,充分利用国内外研发平台推动国际合作 | 首席科学家办公室推动科技创新孵化,学术机构和工业部门紧密合作,以产学研结合体系推动创新成果转化 |
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