Article(id=1157002943447786261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, issueId=1157002942403404561, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.04.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1729353600000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-20, revisedDate=1730390400000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753780597793, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1734624000000, pubDateStr=2024-12-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1734969600000, onlineIssueDateStr=2024-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753780597793, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774072651219, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1157002942403404561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, year='2024', volume='3', issue='4', pageStart='4', pageEnd='152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=1, createTime=1753780597544, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774072620698, updator=sys-migrate, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157003380037079397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, issueId=1157002942403404561, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=Science and Technology Foresight, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157003380037079398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, issueId=1157002942403404561, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=氢能技术与发展战略专刊, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=79, endPage=90, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1157002944089514777, articleId=1157002943447786261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, language=EN, title=Current State of Emerging Hydrogen-based Agriculture in China and Suggestions, columnId=1149656489310208610, journalTitle=Science and Technology Foresight, columnName=Review and Commentary, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper provided a concise overview of the potential biological roles of hydrogen (H2) in the origin of life and introduced background knowledge on H2 biogeochemical cycles and the historical development of hydrogen-based agriculture worldwide. The notable advancements achieved in hydrogen-based agriculture in China were addressed, including significant progress in pertinent scientific theories, practical implementations that demonstrate the prolongation of agricultural products’ shelf life from pre-harvest to post-harvest phases, and large-scale field trials conducted over years in multiple locations to positively improve crop yields and enhance overall product quality. By considering the ongoing efforts to minimize chemical fertilizer and pesticide usage, the rural revitalization plan, and demands for building a healthy China, this paper further outlined developmental strategies of hydrogen-based agriculture in China. These encompassed three key aspects: Suitable methods for large-scale hydrogen supply in the field, the establishment of hydrogen-based agriculture standards for matching the special animal breeding industry with the planting industry featuring crops and traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, and strategies to secure a leading position in both the theory and practice of hydrogen-based agriculture.

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文章在简要介绍生命起源过程中氢气的可能生物学作用的基础上,结合氢气地球生物化学循环的背景知识和世界氢农业的发展历史,重点论述中国氢农业的重要发展历程,包括相关的科学理论进展、从采前到采后延长农产品保鲜期/贮藏期的实施案例和多年多点的增产提质大田试验。结合目前开展的“药肥双减”行动方案、乡村振兴战略规划,以及健康中国的需求,提出了今后中国开展氢农业的发展思路,包括针对合适的大田给氢方式、以粮食作物和中药材为主的种植业和特种养殖业相匹配的氢农业标准,以及如何确保氢农业理论和实践双领先3个方面提出相关的发展建议。

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程鹏飞,博士,南京农业大学钟山青年研究员。主要从事氢气生物学研究。电子信箱:

沈文飚,教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事植物气体信号(氢气和甲烷等)生物学功能研究。获教育部新世纪优秀人才称号。入选2014—2023年爱思唯尔发布的“中国高被引学者”榜单。获2022年度中法团队创新合作奖(R&D)。发表论文150余篇。电子信箱:

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程鹏飞,博士,南京农业大学钟山青年研究员。主要从事氢气生物学研究。电子信箱:

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程鹏飞,博士,南京农业大学钟山青年研究员。主要从事氢气生物学研究。电子信箱:

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沈文飚,教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事植物气体信号(氢气和甲烷等)生物学功能研究。获教育部新世纪优秀人才称号。入选2014—2023年爱思唯尔发布的“中国高被引学者”榜单。获2022年度中法团队创新合作奖(R&D)。发表论文150余篇。电子信箱:

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沈文飚,教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事植物气体信号(氢气和甲烷等)生物学功能研究。获教育部新世纪优秀人才称号。入选2014—2023年爱思唯尔发布的“中国高被引学者”榜单。获2022年度中法团队创新合作奖(R&D)。发表论文150余篇。电子信箱:

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Plant, Cell & Environment, 2003, 26(11): 1875-1879., articleTitle=Hydrogen fertilization of soils: Is this a benefit of legumes in rotation?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037207597761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=85, pageEnd=97, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=朱晶, 李天祥, journalName=学海, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱晶, 李天祥. 中国式现代化下的粮食安全: 目标任务、转型挑战与实现路径[J]. 学海, 2024(2): 85-97., articleTitle=中国式现代化下的粮食安全: 目标任务、转型挑战与实现路径, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037274706626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=85, pageEnd=97, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Zhu J, Li T X, journalName=Academia Bimestris, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu J, Li T X. Food security under Chinese-style modernization: Goals, challenges and paths[J]. Academia Bimestris, 2024(2): 85-97. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Food security under Chinese-style modernization: Goals, challenges and paths, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037346009795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=21, issue=11, pageStart=841, pageEnd=855, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Wang Y Q, Liu Y H, Wang S, journalName=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y Q, Liu Y H, Wang S, et al. Hydrogen agronomy: Research progress and prospects[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology), 2020, 21(11): 841-855., articleTitle=Hydrogen agronomy: Research progress and prospects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037413118660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2019.10.01, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=10, pageStart=1037, pageEnd=1050, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=8, authorNames=沈文飚, 孙学军, journalName=中国生物化学与分子生物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈文飚, 孙学军. 崭露头角的氢气生物学[J]. 中国生物化学与分子生物学报, 2019, 35(10): 1037-1050., articleTitle=崭露头角的氢气生物学, refAbstract=氢气(hydrogen gas,H2)是新发现的生物气体信号分子。自2007年开始,有关H2的生理调控活性及信号转导功能受到广泛的关注,并逐步形成了研究氢气生物学效应和分子机理的一门新学科&mdash;&mdash;氢气生物学。按照实际运用范围的不同,氢气生物学也可以划分为氢医学和氢农学。在医学方面,通过多种动物模型研究和部分临床试验,发现H2具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡的作用,而且H2对缺血/再灌注以及以炎症为基础的急性组织缺血性疾病和慢性退行性疾病(如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病和动脉粥样硬化等氧化应激相关疾病)均具有较为理想的正面效果。在农学方面,相关报道还发现H2可以提高苜蓿、水稻和拟南芥对非生物胁迫的耐性,调控黄瓜、番茄、猕猴桃、芽苗菜、黑大麦和食用菌的生长发育和营养品质,延长洋桔梗、玫瑰和百合切花的保鲜以及提高家畜对病原微生物的抗性。本文首先探究了氢气生物学的发展历史,提出氢医学研究思路的源头是电解水,结合H2测定方法、内源H2的产生途径以及氢气生物学效应的分子机理和信号转导的研究成果,从给氢方式、生物学效应以及安全性等方面,介绍了氢医学和氢农学的现状,提出选择性抗氧化机制不能完全解释现有的氢生物学效应,反映相关分子机制的复杂性和多样性。最后,针对氢气生物学的若干重要的科学和实践问题进行了展望,并提出氢医学的进一步发展还依赖于大量且可信度高的临床试验,氢农业还需要完成多年多点的大规模大田实践。), Reference(id=1242114037476033221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=10, pageStart=1037, pageEnd=1050, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Shen W B, Sun X J, journalName=Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen W B, Sun X J. Hydrogen biology: It is just beginning[J]. Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2019, 35(10): 1037-1050. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Hydrogen biology: It is just beginning, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037534753478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.1038/nm1577, pmid=17486089, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=13, issue=6, pageStart=688, pageEnd=694, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Ohsawa I, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K, journalName=Nature Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ohsawa I, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K, et al. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals[J]. Nature Medicine, 2007, 13(6): 688-694., articleTitle=Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals, refAbstract=Acute oxidative stress induced by ischemia-reperfusion or inflammation causes serious damage to tissues, and persistent oxidative stress is accepted as one of the causes of many common diseases including cancer. We show here that hydrogen (H(2)) has potential as an antioxidant in preventive and therapeutic applications. We induced acute oxidative stress in cultured cells by three independent methods. H(2) selectively reduced the hydroxyl radical, the most cytotoxic of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and effectively protected cells; however, H(2) did not react with other ROS, which possess physiological roles. We used an acute rat model in which oxidative stress damage was induced in the brain by focal ischemia and reperfusion. The inhalation of H(2) gas markedly suppressed brain injury by buffering the effects of oxidative stress. Thus H(2) can be used as an effective antioxidant therapy; owing to its ability to rapidly diffuse across membranes, it can reach and react with cytotoxic ROS and thus protect against oxidative damage.), Reference(id=1242114037593473735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=29, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=11, authorNames=崔为体, 谢彦杰, 沈文飚, journalName=富氢水缓解紫花苜蓿逆境胁迫: 研究现状及应用探讨, refType=null, unstructuredReference=崔为体, 谢彦杰, 沈文飚. 富氢水缓解紫花苜蓿逆境胁迫: 研究现状及应用探讨[C]//第六届2015中国苜蓿发展大会暨国际苜蓿会议论文汇编. 北京: 中国畜牧业协会, 2015: 29-32., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037681554120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=29, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Cui W T, Xie Y J, Shen W B, journalName=Alleviated environmental stresses by hydrogen-rich water in Alfalfa: Research situation and possibility application, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cui W T, Xie Y J, Shen W B. Alleviated environmental stresses by hydrogen-rich water in Alfalfa: Research situation and possibility application[C]//The Sixth (2015) China Alfalfa Development Conference and International Alfalfa Conference Papers. Beijing: China Animal Agriculture Association, 2015: 29-32. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037740274377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/62.1055.S.20231205.1550.056.html, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=13, authorNames=叶福金, 方华, 冯丽, journalName=甘肃农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=叶福金, 方华, 冯丽, . 独脚金内酯参与富氢水增强番茄幼苗根系耐盐性[J/OL]. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2023 (2023-12-06). https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/62.1055.S.20231205.1550.056.html., articleTitle=独脚金内酯参与富氢水增强番茄幼苗根系耐盐性, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037815771850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/62.1055.S.20231205.1550.056.html, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Ye F J, Fang H, Feng L, journalName=Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ye F J, Fang H, Feng L, et al. Nvolvement of strigolactone in hydrogen-rich water enhanced salt tolerance in tomato seedling roots[J/OL]. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2023 (2023-12-06). https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/62.1055.S.20231205.1550.056.html. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Nvolvement of strigolactone in hydrogen-rich water enhanced salt tolerance in tomato seedling roots, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114037891269323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.05.011, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=50, issue=5, pageStart=881, pageEnd=889, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=刘丰娇, 蔡冰冰, 孙胜楠, journalName=中国农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘丰娇, 蔡冰冰, 孙胜楠, . 富氢水浸种增强黄瓜幼苗耐冷性的作用及其生理机制[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(5): 881-889., articleTitle=富氢水浸种增强黄瓜幼苗耐冷性的作用及其生理机制, refAbstract=【目的】氢气(H2)是近年来发现的一种新型气体信号分子,它参与植物对高温、干旱、盐害、重金属等多种逆境胁迫的响应。探讨外源氢气(H2)对黄瓜幼苗耐冷性的调控作用及其生理机制,为增强日光温室黄瓜对低温的适应能力提供技术指导。【方法】以&lsquo;津优35号&rsquo;黄瓜品种为试材,用饱和富氢水(HRW,H2供体)浸种,蒸馏水浸种作对照(CK),常温下育苗。幼苗长至2叶1心时转移至光照培养箱中进行低温(昼/夜温度8℃/5℃)处理,分别于处理后0、1、3和5 d后测定相关生理指标。【结果】低温胁迫可使黄瓜幼苗叶片的电解质渗漏率(EL)、冷害指数、过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率持续升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量先升高后降低,相对含水量呈下降趋势。与CK相比,低温胁迫下HRW处理的EL和冷害指数的增加幅度较小,H2O2和MDA含量及O2-产生速率较低,而SOD、POD、CAT、APX和GR活性及GSH和AsA含量较高。胁迫结束时(5 d),HRW处理的EL比CK低11.3个百分点,冷害指数较CK低15.9%,H2O2和MDA含量分别比CK低29.4%和9.9%,O2-产生速率较CK低54.3%;而SOD、POD、CAT、APX和GR活性分别比CK高12.6%、20.1%、20.9%、53.0%和58.1%,GSH和AsA含量分别较CK高24.0%和17.6%。低温下HRW处理的黄瓜幼苗叶片的相对含水量降低幅度明显小于CK,而脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量始终高于CK。胁迫5 d时,HRW的相对含水量比CK高6.4个百分点,脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量分别比CK高23.0%和41.5%。【结论】富氢水浸种可增强黄瓜幼苗耐冷性,其主要作用机理是:(1)增强低温下黄瓜幼苗抗氧化系统活性,减少活性氧(ROS)积累,从而减轻膜脂过氧化伤害;(2)通过提高低温下黄瓜幼苗叶片的渗透调节能力,减缓幼苗失水速度,以较长时间地维持生理功能。), Reference(id=1242114037954183884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.05.011, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=50, issue=5, pageStart=881, pageEnd=889, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Liu F J, Cai B B, Sun S N, journalName=Scientia Agricultura Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu F J, Cai B B, Sun S N, et al. Effect of hydrogen-rich water soaked cucumber seeds on cold tolerance and its physiological mechanism in cucumber seedlings[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(5): 881-889. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of hydrogen-rich water soaked cucumber seeds on cold tolerance and its physiological mechanism in cucumber seedlings, refAbstract=【Objective】Hydrogen (H2), a newly discovered gas signal molecules, is involved in plant stress responses to high temperature, drought, salt damage, heavy metals and other kinds of adversity. The purposes of this study are to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of hydrogen-rich water (HRW, H2 donor) on chilling tolerance in cucumber seedlings and provide technical guidance to improve the adaptation of cucumber to low temperature in solar-greenhouse. 【Method】 &lsquo;Jinyou 35&rsquo; cucumber seedlings were used as experimental materials. Seeds were soaked with HRW or distilled water (control), respectively, for 8 h, and germinated on moist filter paper in the dark at 26<span><span><span>℃</span></span> for 2 days, then grown in vermiculite in a solar-greenhouse for 15 days (day/night air temperature was 24-30℃/18-24<span>℃</span>, and RH 75%-90%). A</span>t 2-leaf stage, the HRW and the control seedlings were exposed to low temperature (day/night temperature was 8<span><span>℃</span>/5<span>℃</span>). Young fully expanded leaves were sampled for analysis on 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d after transferring from control to stress condition. </span>【Result】The results showed that chilling stress significantly increased the electrolyte leakage (EL), chilling injury index, contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondaldehyde (MDA), and superoxide anion (O2-) production rate. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as the contents of glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (AsA), proline and soluble sugar increased in the early days of chilling stress, but subsequently decreased. The relative water content trended to decrease in the chilling days. The increase in EL and chilling injury index were lower in HRW treated seedlings than in the control seedlings. Simultaneously, the HRW treatment showed a decrease in H2O2 and MDA contents, and&nbsp;O2- &nbsp;production rate, while revealed an increase in the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, APX and GR, as well as the GSH and AsA contents, compared with the control. At the end of stress (5 d), the EL and chilling injury index of HRW treatment declined by 11.3 percentage points and 15.9%, respectively, than those of the control. The H2O2 and MDA contents and&nbsp;O2-&nbsp;production rate of the HRW-treated seedlings were 29.4%, 9.9% and 54.3% lower than those of the control, respectively. However, the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, APX and GR of HRW treated seedlings were 12.6%, 20.1%, 20.9%, 53.0%, and 58.1% higher, and the GSH and AsA contents enhanced by 24.0% and 17.6%, respectively, than those of the control seedlings. Compared with the control, the HRW treated seedlings showed lower extent of decrease in the relative water content, and revealed higher contents of proline and soluble sugar. After 5 d of chilling stress, the HRW treatment increased by 6.4 percentage points, and the proline and soluble sugar contents were 23% and 41.5% higher, respectively, than those of the control. 【Conclusion】 Soaking seeds with HRW can improve the cold resistance in cucumber seedlings, and the main mechanisms were: (1) HRW enhances the antioxidant system activity and reduces the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under chilling stress, and consequently alleviates the injury of membrane lipid peroxidation in cucumber seedling; (2) HRW slows the dehydration rate through improving the osmotic adjustment ability, and thereby remains the normal physiological function for a long time in cucumber seedlings under chilling stress.), Reference(id=1242114038021292749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.07.008, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=29, issue=7, pageStart=1436, pageEnd=1445, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=17, authorNames=张韦钰, 王春勇, 杜红梅, journalName=草地学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张韦钰, 王春勇, 杜红梅. 富氢水对草地早熟禾耐盐性的影响以及与抗氧化酶活性的关系[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(7): 1436-1445., articleTitle=富氢水对草地早熟禾耐盐性的影响以及与抗氧化酶活性的关系, refAbstract=本研究以草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)‘Midnight II’为材料,采用50%的富氢水(Hydrogen-rich water,HRW)叶片喷施及灌根的方法,分析HRW处理对200 mM NaCl胁迫条件下草地早熟禾叶片干物质含量、相对含水量、叶绿素含量、电解率外渗(Electrolyte leakage,EL)及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:HRW处理显著增加了盐胁迫条件下细胞的持水能力,提高了叶片的叶绿素含量,降低了EL值;通过分析0 d,5 d和20 d盐胁迫条件下草地早熟禾叶片活性氧(Reactive oxygen species,ROS)和丙二醛含量,抗氧化酶活性以及抗氧化酶基因表达发现,在盐胁迫,尤其是长时间盐胁迫条件下,HRW处理显著降低了ROS含量,增加细胞膜稳定性,同时提高了长时间盐胁迫条件下部分抗氧化酶的活性,且诱导了抗氧化酶基因CAT2,APX1,MR的下调表达。研究结果表明,在HRW对草地早熟禾耐盐性的影响中,ROS的含量变化可能发挥关键作用。研究结果对草坪草耐盐生理以及氢气生物学的研究具有一定的指导意义。), Reference(id=1242114038084207310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=29, issue=7, pageStart=1436, pageEnd=1445, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Zhang W Y, Wang C Y, Du H M, journalName=Acta Agrestia Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang W Y, Wang C Y, Du H M. Effects of hydrogen-rich water on salt-tolerance of kentucky bluegrass and antioxidant enzymes activity[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(7): 1436-1445. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of hydrogen-rich water on salt-tolerance of kentucky bluegrass and antioxidant enzymes activity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038142927567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=46, issue=2, pageStart=278, pageEnd=286, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=19, authorNames=潘妮, 程雪, 沈文飚, journalName=南京农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘妮, 程雪, 沈文飚, . 富氢水对草莓生长发育及光合作用的影响[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2023, 46(2): 278-286., articleTitle=富氢水对草莓生长发育及光合作用的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038201647824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=46, issue=2, pageStart=278, pageEnd=286, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Pan N, Cheng X, Shen W B, journalName=Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pan N, Cheng X, Shen W B, et al. Effects of hydrogen-rich water on growth and photosynthesis of strawberry[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2023, 46(2): 278-286. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of hydrogen-rich water on growth and photosynthesis of strawberry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038272950993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=9, pageStart=31, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=21, authorNames=田纪元, 邬奇, 苏娜娜, journalName=中国蔬菜, refType=null, unstructuredReference=田纪元, 邬奇, 苏娜娜, . 富氢水对植物的生长效应及在芽苗菜生产中的应用前景[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2016(9): 31-34., articleTitle=富氢水对植物的生长效应及在芽苗菜生产中的应用前景, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038340059858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=9, pageStart=31, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Tian J Y, Wu Q, Su N N, journalName=China Vegetables, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tian J Y, Wu Q, Su N N, et al. Effects of hydrogen-rich water on plant growth and its application prospect in sprout seedling production[J]. China Vegetables, 2016(9): 31-34. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of hydrogen-rich water on plant growth and its application prospect in sprout seedling production, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038407168723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=194, issue=2, pageStart=884, pageEnd=901, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Wang Y Q, Jin S S, Liu Z Y, journalName=Plant Physiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y Q, Jin S S, Liu Z Y, et al. H2 supplied via ammonia borane stimulates lateral root branching via phytomelatonin signaling[J]. Plant Physiology, 2024, 194(2): 884-901., articleTitle=H2 supplied via ammonia borane stimulates lateral root branching via phytomelatonin signaling, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038478471892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Jin Z W, Liu Z Y, Chen G M, journalName=Postharvest Biology and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jin Z W, Liu Z Y, Chen G M, et al. Molecular hydrogen-based irrigation extends strawberry shelf life by improving the synthesis of cell wall components in fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2023, 206, doi: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2023.112551., articleTitle=Molecular hydrogen-based irrigation extends strawberry shelf life by improving the synthesis of cell wall components in fruit, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038541386453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=65, issue=4, pageStart=593, pageEnd=605, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Liu Z Y, Chen G M, Yang E X, journalName=Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Z Y, Chen G M, Yang E X, et al. Hydrogen-based irrigation increases yield and improves quality of Chinese cabbage by enhancing nutrient composition and antioxidant capabilities[J]. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2024, 65(4): 593-605., articleTitle=Hydrogen-based irrigation increases yield and improves quality of Chinese cabbage by enhancing nutrient composition and antioxidant capabilities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038604301014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=33, issue=6, pageStart=41, pageEnd=45, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=26, authorNames=蔡敏, 杜红梅, journalName=上海交通大学学报(农业科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡敏, 杜红梅. 富氢水预处理对香石竹切花瓶插寿命的影响[J]. 上海交通大学学报(农业科学版), 2015, 33(6): 41-45., articleTitle=富氢水预处理对香石竹切花瓶插寿命的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038667215575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=33, issue=6, pageStart=41, pageEnd=45, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Cai M, Du H M, journalName=Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Agricultural Science), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai M, Du H M. Effects of hydrogen-rich water pretreatment on vase life of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cut flowers[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Agricultural Science), 2015, 33(6): 41-45. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of hydrogen-rich water pretreatment on vase life of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cut flowers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038730130136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=34, issue=3, pageStart=55, pageEnd=61, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=28, authorNames=宋韵琼, 沙米拉·太来提, 杜红梅, journalName=上海交通大学学报(农业科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋韵琼, 沙米拉·太来提, 杜红梅. 富氢水处理对小苍兰生长发育的影响[J]. 上海交通大学学报(农业科学版), 2016, 34(3): 55-61, 96., articleTitle=富氢水处理对小苍兰生长发育的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038801433305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=34, issue=3, pageStart=55, pageEnd=61, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Song Y Q, Tailaiti S, Du H M, journalName=Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Agricultural Science), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Song Y Q, Tailaiti S, Du H M. Effects of hydrogen-rich water treatment on the growth and development of freesia (Freesia refracta)[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Agricultural Science), 2016, 34(3): 55-61, 96. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of hydrogen-rich water treatment on the growth and development of freesia (Freesia refracta), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038864347866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=65, issue=4, pageStart=54, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=30, authorNames=丁芳芳, 王飞娟, journalName=陕西农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=丁芳芳, 王飞娟. 富氢水浇灌对当归生长性能的影响[J]. 陕西农业科学, 2019, 65(4): 54-56., articleTitle=富氢水浇灌对当归生长性能的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038923068123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=65, issue=4, pageStart=54, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Ding F F, Wang F J, journalName=Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding F F, Wang F J. Effect of irrigation with hydrogen enrichment water on growth performance of Angelica sinensis[J]. Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 65(4): 54-56. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of irrigation with hydrogen enrichment water on growth performance of Angelica sinensis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114038977594076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2023.06.1134, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=7, pageStart=961, pageEnd=971, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=32, authorNames=苏久厂, 王一婷, 詹娜, journalName=中国生物化学与分子生物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏久厂, 王一婷, 詹娜, . 氢气处理促进地黄生长发育及主要药用成分积累[J]. 中国生物化学与分子生物学报, 2023, 39(7): 961-971., articleTitle=氢气处理促进地黄生长发育及主要药用成分积累, refAbstract=氢气(hydrogen gas,H2)在提高农作物品质和产量方面发挥多样且积极的作用。由于栽培方式和化肥农药使用的不当,严重影响了地黄产量和品质。本研究以“金九”地黄为材料,探究氢纳米气泡水(hydrogen nanobubble water,HNW)对不同时期地黄生长发育及重要药用成分积累的影响。与对照组相比,HNW处理7 d后块根不定根数量和发芽率分别提升约217.59%和87.65%。与对照组相比,HNW处理60、75和90 d后,植株叶片冠幅分别增加约42.73%、53.02%和29.42%,最大叶面积分别提高约15.51%、19.74%和11.44%。HNW处理75和90 d后膨大根数较对照组分别增加约105.65%和66.82%。定量PCR分析环烯醚萜苷合成通路关键酶(1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthetase,DXS;geraniol 10-hydroxylase,G10H;1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductase,DXR;8-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase,10HGO)基因表达发现,HNW处理75 d后RgDXS2、RgG10H1和RgDXR1表达量分别约是对照组的2.61、1.27和3.32倍,HNW处理90 d后RgDXS2、RgG10H1和Rg10HGO1表达量分别约是对照组的4.11、1.24和1.77倍。高效液相色谱分析表明,HNW处理75和90 d后梓醇含量较对照组分别增加约103.96%和24. 94%,HNW处理75 d后地黄苷D含量提高约33.14%。此外,HNW处理120 d后膨大根数较对照组显著增加,同时RgDXR1、RgG10H1和Rg10HGO1表达量分别约是对照组的2.00、1.32和1.36倍。综上所述,HNW处理不仅可以促进地黄生长发育,还可以通过调控环烯醚萜苷合成通路关键酶基因,从而提高其重要药用成分积累。), Reference(id=1242114039044702941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=7, pageStart=961, pageEnd=971, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Su J C, Wang Y T, Zhan N, journalName=Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Su J C, Wang Y T, Zhan N, et al. Hydrogen gas treatment promotes the growth, development and the accumulation of the main medicinal components in Rehmannia glutinosa[J]. Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2023, 39(7): 961-971. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Hydrogen gas treatment promotes the growth, development and the accumulation of the main medicinal components in Rehmannia glutinosa, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114039107617502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.1093/plphys/kiad474, pmid=37625793, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=193, issue=4, pageStart=2734, pageEnd=2749, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Cheng P F, Wang Y Q, Cai C X, journalName=Plant Physiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cheng P F, Wang Y Q, Cai C X, et al. Molecular hydrogen positively regulates nitrate uptake and seed size by targeting nitrate reductase[J]. Plant Physiology, 2023, 193(4): 2734-2749., articleTitle=Molecular hydrogen positively regulates nitrate uptake and seed size by targeting nitrate reductase, refAbstract=Although the sources of molecular hydrogen (H2) synthesis in plants remain to be fully elucidated, ample evidence shows that plant-based H2 can regulate development and stress responses. Here, we present genetic and molecular evidence indicating that nitrate reductase (NR) might be a target of H2 sensing that positively regulates nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and seed size in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The expression level of NR and changes of NUE under control and, in particular, low nitrogen supply, were positively associated with H2 addition supplied exogenously or through genetic manipulation. The improvement in nitrate assimilation achieved by H2 was also mediated via NR dephosphorylation. H2 control of seed size was impaired by NR mutation. Further genetic evidence revealed that H2, NR, and nitric oxide can synergistically regulate nitrate assimilation in response to N starvation conditions. Collectively, our data indicate that NR might be a target for H2 sensing, ultimately positively regulating nitrate uptake and seed size. These results provide insights into H2 signaling and its functions in plant metabolism.© American Society of Plant Biologists 2023. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.), Reference(id=1242114039178920671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=392, pageEnd=401, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=35, authorNames=沈文飚, 苏久厂, 孙学军, journalName=南京农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈文飚, 苏久厂, 孙学军. 氢气植物学效应的研究进展[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2018, 41(3): 392-401., articleTitle=氢气植物学效应的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114039237640928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=392, pageEnd=401, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Shen W B, Su J C, Sun X J, journalName=Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen W B, Su J C, Sun X J. Research progress in the botanical effects of hydrogen gas[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2018, 41(3): 392-401. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress in the botanical effects of hydrogen gas, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114039304749793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.1093/jxb/erac159, pmid=35430633, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=73, issue=17, pageStart=5851, pageEnd=5862, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Wang Y Q, Cheng P F, Zhao G, journalName=Journal of Experimental Botany, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y Q, Cheng P F, Zhao G, et al. Phytomelatonin and gasotransmitters: A crucial combination for plant physiological functions[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2022, 73(17): 5851-5862., articleTitle=Phytomelatonin and gasotransmitters: A crucial combination for plant physiological functions, refAbstract=Melatonin, a chemical that was first identified in animal tissues, has been confirmed to be involved in a variety of plant physiological responses as a potential phytohormone. It is considered primarily as an antioxidant with important actions in controlling reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. In addition to its role in regulating plant growth and development, phytomelatonin is involved in protection against abiotic and biotic stressors. Gasotransmitter is a new concept that has been advanced in the last two decades, functioning from animal to plant physiological regulation. These gaseous signalling molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane (CH4), and recently hydrogen (H2), are critical and indispensable in a wide range of biological processes. This review investigates the inter-relationship between phytomelatonin and the above mentioned gasotransmitters from the perspective of biosynthetic origin and functions. Moreover, the potential future research direction for phytomelatonin and gasotransmitters interactions is contemplated.© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.), Reference(id=1242114039388635874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0115, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=4, pageStart=481, pageEnd=489, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=38, authorNames=宋怡菲, 谢飞, 马晨, journalName=生物技术进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋怡菲, 谢飞, 马晨, . 高等植物氢化酶活性研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2022, 12(4): 481-489., articleTitle=高等植物氢化酶活性研究进展, refAbstract=氢化酶作为一种可催化氢气氧化与质子还原的金属酶,在生物体的氢代谢过程中发挥着关键作用。已有研究表明,氢气干预可对植物的生长发育和抗逆性产生积极影响,同时一些高等植物的内源性产氢现象也已得到证实,然而关于催化内源性产氢的氢化酶目前了解较少。虽然已有多项研究表明,叶绿体可能是高等植物产氢的关键部位,但是鉴于多种植物在种子萌发时仍然可以产氢,而种子萌发过程中叶绿体还没有生成,加上氢化酶在进化上与线粒体复合物Ⅰ具有同源性,在对氢化酶研究现状进行概述的基础上,提出了高等植物线粒体具有氢化酶活性的猜想,并总结了线粒体存在氢化酶活性的初步实验证据,以期为后续线粒体与氢化酶的关系研究提供参考依据。), Reference(id=1242114039455744739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0115, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=4, pageStart=481, pageEnd=489, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=39, authorNames=Song Y F, Xie F, Ma C, journalName=Current Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Song Y F, Xie F, Ma C, et al. Research progress on hydrogenase activity in higher plants[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2022, 12(4): 481-489. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on hydrogenase activity in higher plants, refAbstract=

As a metalloenzyme that can catalyze hydrogen oxidation and proton reduction, hydrogenase plays a key role in the hydrogen metabolism of organisms. Previous studies have shown that hydrogen intervention has a positive impact on plant growth and stress resistance. At the same time, the phenomenon of endogenous hydrogen production in some higher plants has also been confirmed. However, little is known about the hydrogenase that catalyzes endogenous hydrogen production. Although many studies have shown that chloroplasts may be the key part of hydrogen production in higher plants, in view of the fact that many plants can still produce hydrogen during seed germination when chloroplasts have not been formed, combining that hydrogenase has evolutionary homology with mitochondrial complex Ⅰ, the hypothesis that higher plant mitochondria have hydrogenase activity was put forward and the preliminary experimental evidence of hydrogenase activity in mitochondria was summarized on the basis of summarizing the research status of hydrogenase, hoping to provide a reference for the follow-up study on the relationship between mitochondria and hydrogenase.

), Reference(id=1242114039531242212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=10, issue=1, pageStart=15, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=40, authorNames=马雪梅, 张鑫, 谢飞, journalName=生物技术进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马雪梅, 张鑫, 谢飞, . 氢气生物学作用的生物酶基础[J]. 生物技术进展, 2020, 10(1): 15-22., articleTitle=氢气生物学作用的生物酶基础, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114039594156773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1157002943447786261, doi=10.19586/j.2095-2341.2020.0002, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=10, issue=1, pageStart=15, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=41, authorNames=Ma X M, Zhang X, Xie F, journalName=Current Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma X M, Zhang X, Xie F, et al. Bio-enzyme basis of hydrogen in biological system[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2020, 10(1): 15-22. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Bio-enzyme basis of hydrogen in biological system, refAbstract=Hydrogen have diverse biological functions. However, the mechanism of&nbsp; hydrogen function has always been debated. It is widely accepted that hydrogen selectively reduces cytotoxic oxygen radicals. However, the evidence of direct reaction between hydrogen and free radicals under physiological conditions is not sufficient, most of which are indirect evidences. It is impossible to distinguish whether hydrogen reacts directly with free radicals or affects the production of free radicals. Hydrogen has antioxidant effect, but our research showed that it was not to eliminate the free radicals after they were generated, but to reduce the generation of free radicals. It was similar to turn off the &quot;switch&quot; at the beginning of the generation of free radicals. Hydrogen could improve the activity of biological enzymes including mitochondrial complex Ⅰ, acetylcholinesterase and HRP, and affected mitochondrial membrane potential and regulate the membrane potential of nerve cells. Some of the oxidoreductases and ion channels of cell membrane are regulated by hydrogen. Taken together, hydrogen has multi-targets with bio-enzyme basis and higher organisms have hydrogenase ativity to metabolize hydrogen. 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新兴的中国氢农业现状及建议
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程鹏飞 , 王曰桥 , 沈文飚
前瞻科技 | 综述与述评 2024,3(4): 79-90
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前瞻科技 | 综述与述评 2024, 3(4): 79-90
新兴的中国氢农业现状及建议
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程鹏飞 , 王曰桥, 沈文飚
作者信息
  • 南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京 210095
  • 程鹏飞,博士,南京农业大学钟山青年研究员。主要从事氢气生物学研究。电子信箱:

    沈文飚,教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事植物气体信号(氢气和甲烷等)生物学功能研究。获教育部新世纪优秀人才称号。入选2014—2023年爱思唯尔发布的“中国高被引学者”榜单。获2022年度中法团队创新合作奖(R&D)。发表论文150余篇。电子信箱:

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Current State of Emerging Hydrogen-based Agriculture in China and Suggestions
Pengfei CHENG , Yueqiao WANG, Wenbiao SHEN
Affiliations
  • College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
出版时间: 2024-12-20 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.04.007
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文章在简要介绍生命起源过程中氢气的可能生物学作用的基础上,结合氢气地球生物化学循环的背景知识和世界氢农业的发展历史,重点论述中国氢农业的重要发展历程,包括相关的科学理论进展、从采前到采后延长农产品保鲜期/贮藏期的实施案例和多年多点的增产提质大田试验。结合目前开展的“药肥双减”行动方案、乡村振兴战略规划,以及健康中国的需求,提出了今后中国开展氢农业的发展思路,包括针对合适的大田给氢方式、以粮食作物和中药材为主的种植业和特种养殖业相匹配的氢农业标准,以及如何确保氢农业理论和实践双领先3个方面提出相关的发展建议。

氢农业  /  中国氢农业现状  /  发展建议

This paper provided a concise overview of the potential biological roles of hydrogen (H2) in the origin of life and introduced background knowledge on H2 biogeochemical cycles and the historical development of hydrogen-based agriculture worldwide. The notable advancements achieved in hydrogen-based agriculture in China were addressed, including significant progress in pertinent scientific theories, practical implementations that demonstrate the prolongation of agricultural products’ shelf life from pre-harvest to post-harvest phases, and large-scale field trials conducted over years in multiple locations to positively improve crop yields and enhance overall product quality. By considering the ongoing efforts to minimize chemical fertilizer and pesticide usage, the rural revitalization plan, and demands for building a healthy China, this paper further outlined developmental strategies of hydrogen-based agriculture in China. These encompassed three key aspects: Suitable methods for large-scale hydrogen supply in the field, the establishment of hydrogen-based agriculture standards for matching the special animal breeding industry with the planting industry featuring crops and traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, and strategies to secure a leading position in both the theory and practice of hydrogen-based agriculture.

hydrogen-based agriculture  /  current status of hydrogen-based agriculture in China  /  development suggestion
程鹏飞, 王曰桥, 沈文飚. 新兴的中国氢农业现状及建议. 前瞻科技, 2024 , 3 (4) : 79 -90 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.04.007
Pengfei CHENG, Yueqiao WANG, Wenbiao SHEN. Current State of Emerging Hydrogen-based Agriculture in China and Suggestions[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2024 , 3 (4) : 79 -90 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.04.007
氢是宇宙中最古老、含量最丰富的元素,约占宇宙总质量的75%。从元素周期表看,氢也是“百素之首”,属于结构最为简单的元素。同时,氢在生命起源与进化过程中扮演着重要角色。根据化学进化学说,生命的起源是从一些还原性环境中的大气、地壳及水圈等普通成分开始的[1]。例如,最早的细菌生命形式很可能就是利用氢气(Hydrogen Gas, H2)作为能量来源。氢不仅在宇宙的起源和生命的诞生过程中扮演了关键角色,而且在生物的新陈代谢活动中也发挥着重要作用。氢循环与生物圈中的水循环、碳循环、硫循环和磷循环等紧密结合,共同参与了生物地球化学循环。
氢气在地球上的生物化学循环主要发生在大气、水体和土壤中[2]。地质活动、生物代谢和人类活动等排放到环境中的氢气,大多数能被土壤和水体中的微生物吸收(80%)或被环境中的羟基自由基氧化所消耗。此外,氢气也是豆科植物固氮反应的副产物之一。农作物根植于土壤中,这也不难理解为什么氢气会对农作物的生长发育和代谢具有调节效应。伴随着氢经济的发展,工业生产对氢气循环的影响也越来越大,氢燃料电池、氢水机等一系列民用氢设备的发展也使得氢气循环与人类生活的联系变得更加紧密(图1)。
早在1964年,美国科学家就发现氢气可以刺激植物种子萌发(图2),这也是氢气生物学效应在农业领域的最早研究记载[3]。直到2003年,加拿大科学家发现无论是在实验室还是在大田条件下,与未处理的土壤或空气处理的土壤相比,氢气通气处理过的土壤能够显著改善春小麦、油菜、大麦和大豆的生长指标,从而提出了氢气作为气体“氢肥”的概念[4]。经过十几年的发展,目前已逐渐形成了以氢能源设备和氢气的生物学效应为基础的“氢农业”概念,即运用氢气或产氢材料,以富氢水或氢气熏蒸等方式,提高农林牧副渔等相关产品产量和品质,其跨度可以从田间到餐桌,涉及栽培学、园艺学、材料科学、环境科学、食品科学和机械制造等诸多领域。
尽管中国氢农业研究起步相对较晚,但由于得到了国家层面的大力支持,近10多年发展迅速。截至2023年12月,多个与氢农业理论有关的项目获得国家自然科学基金资助,其中包括7个面上项目、8个青年科学基金项目和2个地区自然基金项目,从而有效推动了氢农业的发展。从2012年开始,中国氢农学在SCI收录期刊发表论文数量激增。高校、政府和产业资本的介入也为氢农学从实验室走向大田实践奠定了初步基础。近年来,南京农业大学、广东省农业科学院和上海交通大学等科研机构在氢农业研究领域取得了重要突破,并建立了若干氢农业实验基地和示范基地,推动了氢农学从实验室向大田实践的转移。
从目前的现状看,氢农业可以整合以动植物生产、农产品采后贮藏与保鲜、农产品深加工和运输等为基础的传统农业领域,促进农业生产增产增效,有助于实现以我为主、立足国内、确保产能、适度进口、科技支撑的国家粮食安全战略,从而为保障粮食安全,端牢中国饭碗,加快转变农业发展方式,推进农业现代化添砖加瓦。尤其值得指出的是,作为一个新的发展领域,氢农业和以其为基础的大健康产业可以进一步整合农林牧副渔等传统农业领域以及可再生能源、氢能源机械及设备制造等先进制造业资源,从而建立从农场到餐桌的“氢农业”产业链。针对上述相关目标,文章从氢农业的战略地位、发展现状、需要突破的关键技术及重大科学问题,以及未来氢农业发展所需要的配套政策和发展建议进行探讨和展望,旨在为氢农业的理论和实践发展提供新思路。
农业的健康和可持续发展依旧面临人口增长、气候变化、环境污染、自然灾害等诸多问题的挑战。据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO)预测,全球人口将在2050年突破100亿,届时需要比现在多生产50%以上的粮食,才能满足人们的需求。总体而言,在满足人类对健康食物及其他农产品需求的同时,解决食品安全问题和保持农业的可持续发展是当今农业发展的两大使命。
农业作为中国经济发展的基石,一直以来都受到高度重视。中共中央、国务院从2004—2024年连续21年发布以“农业、农村、农民”为主题的中央一号文件,体现了农业在中国社会主义现代化建设中的重要地位。但是,中国的耕地状况并不乐观,《2000年中国环境状况公报》的数据显示,中国的人均耕地面积为0.101 hm2,不足世界人均耕地面积的一半,而且中国农业消耗的农药和化肥约占世界总消耗量的35%左右。因此,树立大农业观和大食物观,落实可持续发展观和科技观,发展新质生产力,加快农食系统的绿色转型是推进乡村振兴战略规划、加快建设农业强国、保障中国粮食安全的必由之路[5]
在上述背景下,促进农业发展的绿色转型就显得尤为重要。属于氢气生物学范畴的氢农业涉及种植业、养殖业和畜牧业,涵盖农产品流通运输领域以及食品加工、贮藏和销售等几乎整个农业产业链,并具有绿色、低碳、环保和可持续的优势,其对应的理论研究则为氢农学[6-7]。根据应用场景的差异,氢农业还可以具体划分为大田氢农业、设施园艺氢农业和家居氢农业等。由于氢农业运用的氢气浓度远低于爆炸的最低浓度,且农业生产是一个相对开放的环境,因此还具有安全的优点。总体来看,作为一种新兴的低碳可持续农业新模式,氢农业不仅能够在一定程度上减少农业生产对化学杀虫剂、除草剂、杀菌剂、植物生长调节剂及化肥的需求,还能够满足消费者对农产品安全、美味和健康的要求。值得一提的是,氢农业必须与现有已经优化的栽培措施及良种繁育相结合才能发挥合理的功效。
基于时代的进步、社会需求和疾病谱的变化,大健康这一理念应运而生。大健康涵盖了身体、心理、社会、环境和道德等各个方面的健康,其中,身体健康是大健康最基本的诉求。农业生产为国民经济其他部门提供的粮食、副食品和工业原料也是人类生存和发展的基础,直接关系到人们的身体健康和生活质量。因此,人类大健康离不开健康农业的发展。同时,农产品也是重要的贸易物资,属于国家经济发展的命脉。
早在2015年,时任农业部副部长张桃林就已明确指出,农业已超过工业成为中国最大的面源污染产业,其污染状况不容乐观。这一现象一方面源于工矿业和城乡生活污染向农业领域的转移排放,导致农产品产地环境质量的下降;另一方面则是因为化肥和农药长期不合理且过量使用,以及畜禽粪便、农作物秸秆和农田残膜等农业废弃物处置不当,致使农业面源污染日益严重。值得注意的是,化肥和农药的过度使用不仅会降低耕地质量,还可能会导致农作物产量和农产品品质的下降,尤其会影响农产品特有的风味成分。
与传统农业相比,包括氢农业在内的新农业是一种高投入、高产出的农业形态。因此发展基于氢气的新农业是解决上述问题的重要方向之一。值得注意的是,在农林牧副渔相关生物体内均可检测到氢气的产生和释放,这也是氢农业科学性的重要生物学基础。而且,氢农业的理论发展还涉及并依赖于作物栽培、资源环境、食品与营养学等学科的进步,其不仅可以为公众提供优质的农产品,同时还具有可持续发展的特点。因此,氢农业是人类大健康的重要保障。
2007年,日本科学家太田成男报道了外源氢气可以有效缓解大鼠缺血再灌注导致的氧化损伤,并认为相关机制与氢气选择性地清除羟基自由基有关(图2[8]。此后,与氢医学和氢农学相关的研究大量增加,并逐步形成了一门以研究氢气生物学效应和相关分子机理为主的学科——氢气生物学[7]
氢农业是氢气生物学中的一个重要分支。通过查询中国知网和Web of Science两个数据库,对氢农学相关的中英文文献进行初步检索和总结,力求更直观地了解氢农学的研究现状及未来的发展趋势。首先,分别以“氢气”“富氢水”“hydrogen”和“hydrogen rich water”为检索词,研究方向或者学科选择生物学、植物学、食品学、畜牧学、农学、园艺学和土壤学,检索时间截至2024年2月27日,在排除非相关文献之后共计检索到192篇文献,包含145篇英文文献和47篇中文文献。
2012年后,以中国科学家为代表的诸多科研团队开展了氢农业理论研究和实践探索,尝试多方面和多角度地挖掘氢气在农业领域中应用的潜力。目前理论研究已经发现,氢气不仅可以提高动植物和微生物对各种胁迫的耐受性(尤其是非生物胁迫)[9-12],还能调节农作物的生长发育[13-14],促进植物不定根和侧根的发生[6,15],改善采后品质[16-17],延长果蔬、谷物货架期和鲜切花的瓶插寿命[7,18-19],促进中药活性成分的积累等[20-21]。相关机制包括调控活性氧/活性氮代谢、激素信号转导、蛋白质共价修饰(脱磷酸化)和基因表达的重编程等(图3[22-23]。但是生物体内氢气的产生来源以及直接靶点等还有待后续进一步的研究[24-26]。总体而言,氢气生物学的研究热点是氢医学领域[27-28],有关氢农学的研究还相对比较滞后。
氢气(主要以钢瓶供氢/电解制氢,并制备富氢水或直接由储氢材料提供)的应用可以贯穿农业生产中育苗、生长、发育、收获和贮藏的整个过程。目前,已经完成和正在开展的氢农业实践主要包括延长农产品(草莓、韭菜、番茄、荔枝、猕猴桃、荸荠、黄花菜、大米、鸡蛋、干虾仁和奶酪,以及月季、百合、康莱馨切花等)的保鲜期/贮藏期和多年多点的农作物(水稻、小青菜、草莓、大豆和番茄等)增产提质大田试验(图4图5)。
大田试验的结果发现,富氢水灌溉可以显著促进小青菜和草莓的生长[13,17,29],提高水稻等粮食作物的产量(图5[30]。最新研究发现,氢气还可通过降低植物根系硝酸还原酶(NR,参与植物氮同化过程的重要蛋白质)的磷酸化水平来提高其活性及氮吸收效率,最终增加种子大小[22]。由此可见,氢农业的增产效应可能与氢气能提高农作物吸收养分的和利用率有关,当然也不排除氢气通过促进根际促生菌的富集,提高与微生物固碳和固氮相关基因的表达丰度等方式促进农作物生长发育的可能。上述结果提示,氢气在一定程度上具有替代肥料的潜力,因此发展氢农业也响应了国家提出的“药肥双减”政策,有助于乡村振兴战略计划的具体实施。农药和化肥的过度使用对环境、健康和食品安全构成严重威胁,而氢气具有减轻食品安全风险的潜力。农药残留是食品安全的一大威胁。研究发现,氢气在不降低百菌清[31]抗真菌效果情况下,可增强番茄幼苗叶片对农药的降解代谢;进一步的药理学和遗传学证据证实了氢气诱导的油菜素内酯在上述效应中发挥重要作用。另外,氢气还可以提高水稻对条纹叶枯病的抗性[32]。长期过量施用化肥和农药也会导致重金属在农作物中的积累,并进一步通过食物链威胁人类健康。研究表明,氢气可以减少苜蓿、白菜、油菜和黄瓜等植物幼苗,以及稻谷中镉的积累。随着生活水平的提高,消费者越来越关注农产品的品质。氢气可以调控次生代谢物的合成和代谢,从而改善农产品的品质[14]。苯丙烷类(花青素、类黄酮和酚类等)代谢是植物最重要的次生代谢途径之一,可以调节植物发育以及与环境的相互作用,提高农产品质量。研究表明,氢气可以增加紫外线长波(UV-A)和中波(UV-B)辐射下植物中花青素和类黄酮的积累,增强药用植物五指毛桃根中柚皮苷、紫杉醇和橙皮苷等苯丙烷类活性成分的积累。氢气还可以提高草莓风味,特别是缓解肥料对草莓果实香气的负面影响[33]。此外,富氢水还提高水稻中镁和铁等元素的含量,改善了农产品的贮藏品质,如富氢水浇灌可以显著延长水稻、草莓、黄花菜、鲜切花等农产品的货架期。
研究土壤微生物的研究人员通常使用气体注入法提供氢气,即在种植前反复向土壤中通入较高浓度的氢气气体[4]。该方法操作复杂,不适宜大规模的田间试验使用。不过,氢气气调在食品加工和保鲜领域仍有一定的应用前景[34]
目前主要给氢方式是富氢水,即通过将氢气瓶中的氢气、电解水产生的氢气通入水中,或使用储氢材料与水混合制备的氢水来供给氢气。在常温常压条件下,氢气在水中的饱和浓度约为1.6 mg/L,即体积分数0.000 16%。在所有可能的农业应用场景中,其挥发至空气中的氢气积累量,远低于其在空气中的爆炸极限(体积分数4%),因此正常操作条件下是非常安全的。在农业生产中,富氢水易于与已有的灌溉系统或水肥一体化系统耦合,使得操作更加方便、安全和有效。另外,在农产品贮藏时也可以通过富氢水浸泡的处理方式来延长其保鲜期。
普通氢水机制备的富氢水中溶解氢气浓度较低(0.3~0.6 mg/L),且停留时间短(<3~6 h)。随着纳米气泡技术的成熟,现在的氢水机多配备纳米曝气装置,制备的氢纳米气泡水中氢气浓度可达1.0 mg/L以上,停留时间延长至12 h以上。研究发现,与普通富氢水相比,氢纳米气泡水延长康乃馨切花瓶插期效果更好。
另外,工业固态储氢技术的发展为氢气在农业中的应用提供了新的方式。例如,氢化镁(MgH2)是一种在氢燃料电池和固态加氢站等方面有着较为广泛应用的释氢材料,其可以作为释放氢气的供体来调控植物干旱及渗透耐性[35]。氢化镁的柠檬酸盐缓冲液还可以显著延长康乃馨切花的瓶插期,且效果好于普通富氢水[36]。另一种固态储氢材料氨硼烷(NH3·BH3)(Ammonia Borane, AB)可以增强油菜幼苗对干旱、盐和镉胁迫的耐性[37]。负载氨硼烷的中空介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(AB@hMSN)是一种新型纳米释氢材料,能诱导植物幼苗的侧根发生[38]。不过该材料合成复杂、成本高,这些限制了其在农业上应用的可能性。尤其要指出的是,虽然固态储氢材料使用方便,除了考虑经济成本,还应该注意其产氢副产物对环境的长期潜在影响。
值得注意的是,氢气效应可能因植物的种类、遗传背景和原始生境而异,不同植物种类对氢气的敏感性也存在一定的差异。氢农业中使用的富氢水浓度不是越高越好。因此,在未来的农业应用中,考虑氢气的最佳剂量是非常重要的,应避免过量氢气导致的负面效应。
在氢农业的实施过程中,氢气(以富氢水或气体形式提供)可以作为绿色、无毒、无害的新型植物生长调节剂,促进植物的生长发育,增强植物对干旱、盐害、农药和重金属及病虫害等不利因素的抗/耐性,提高农作物的产量与农产品的品质。这些发现为“药肥双减”提供了新的思路。类似的结果可能也适用于畜牧和水产领域。例如,在水中通入氢气可以辅助防治水产养殖动物的疾病,提高其免疫力[39];用富氢水喂饲牛、羊、猪等,也可以改善其肠道微生物菌群,从而提高肉奶质量[7]
需要指出的是,在今后的氢农业实施过程中,氢气在农业领域乃至大健康领域的应用仍面临一些关键技术挑战。首先,给氢方式还需要进一步优化,如果操作不规范,也不排除氢气的产生、储存和运输过程发生的安全风险。其次,适用于大规模农业生产的氢气/水发生(混合)器和直接适用于农业生产的储氢材料的开发尚有进一步提升的空间,包括价格、安全性、便捷性、功能性和可靠性等诸多问题,尤其要进一步关注适用于岛礁、陆地边疆和空间站等应用场景的特种氢农业设备。此外,应进一步研究和探讨针对不同作物或品种供给氢气的浓度及投入产出比等问题,同时与以粮食作物和中药材为核心的种植业及养殖业相匹配的氢农业标准还有待建立和完善。最后,氢气在动物、植物和微生物代谢和胁迫应激过程中发挥生物学功能的最根本机制还有待阐明,相关的多年多点大田试验还需要进一步开展。当然,受限于对氢农业的认识水平,尚需进一步加强与生物学、材料科学、环境科学、机械制造学科等有关的氢农业人才培养和储备,这也是目前氢农业发展面临的瓶颈。
为了解决上述挑战,需要加强多学科的合作研究,通过跨领域的知识整合,推动氢气在农业中的应用与进步。同时,氢农业的推广离不开人才的培养,各高等院校和科研机构应设立专门的氢农业专业,加强相关课程建设,培养具备多学科知识背景的人才,以促进这一新兴领域的可持续发展。
当前,从世界范围内看,无论是理论基础还是应用实践方面,氢农业都处于初级发展阶段,还有不少问题亟待解决。因此,结合中国的农业生产现状,建议从立足当下和着眼未来两方面考虑,梳理发展思路,以实现跨越式发展。
一是要立足当下,以农业生产实践的实际需求为牵引,通过构建相关的氢农业标准,进一步提高氢农业实践水平。尽管氢农业相关的理论研究和生产实践正在慢慢展开,由于氢农业是较新的农业概念,缺乏较为完善的可参照执行的氢农业标准制度,很多实践和尝试具有一定的盲目性和低效性,在相应的材料、设备开发和检验过程中也存在一些不符合农业生产实践规律且不契合农业生产场景的材料、设备和实施方案。这些问题除了会让产业界对氢农业这一新兴农业技术的认识和信心产生负面影响外,还可能使参与氢农业实践尝试的农业生产者和参与者承担不必要的风险。因此,政府可以综合已有的氢农业理论知识、实践案例及相应的技术储备,通过牵头构建氢农业技术标准制度,做好行业顶层设计。同时,积极鼓励各类科研机构、高校和企业合作,共同推动氢农业的标准化建设。通过系统性的研究与开发,不仅能够提升氢农业的整体效率,还能为未来的可持续氢农业发展提供坚实的技术支持和理论基础。
二是着眼未来,提高氢农业的理论和认识水平,打破认知瓶颈。目前,从世界范围看,整体上对氢农业的理论认识都还处于较低的水平。结合中国的氢农业发展现状,首先应强调相关理论和支撑技术研究,拓展氢农业相关知识的科普工作,补齐氢农业理论认识的短板。在氢农业的理论发展中,必须注重多学科交叉与融合,借鉴生物学、化学、环境科学和材料科学等领域的最新研究成果,构建更加系统化的氢农业理论框架。其次,实践与理论相结合也是推动氢农业发展的重要途径。应鼓励科研机构与农业生产单位通力合作,通过示范试点基地,开展大规模氢农业技术的应用研究,通过积累实践经验,为理论发展提供坚实基础。然后,加强氢农业相关的政策引导和支持也至关重要。政府应出台相应的扶持政策,鼓励企业和科研机构加大对氢农业研究的投入,促进技术创新和成果转化。当然还应加强国际合作,借鉴国外在氢农业领域的先进经验和技术,推动中国氢农业的国际化发展。最后,公众的认知与接受度也是氢农业发展的关键因素。通过组织讲座、研讨会及科普活动,提高农民和社会大众对氢农业的认识,增强其参与的积极性,形成良好的社会氛围。只有全社会共同参与,才能有效推动氢农业的理论建设与实践应用,从而实现可持续发展。
氢农业和以其为基础的大健康产业是一个新的发展领域,未来主要依赖于医学、农学、化学、营养学、材料学、能源与动力工程和装备制造业等多学科、多行业的交叉融合发展。在具体实践过程中,还需要诸多行业的协同推动,以期开展大规模的试验、推广和示范工作,并尝试为参与农业开发与生产过程中的不同从业人员创造合理的经济价值。同时,可以进一步整合以氢能源和氢气生物学为基础的可再生能源、氢能源机械及设备制造、动植物生产、农产品采后贮藏与保鲜、农产品深加工和运输等相关产业,充分借鉴氢能源等先进制造业经验,建立从农场到餐桌的更为完整的氢农业产业链。通过整合上述诸多学科的优势,通过持续深化产学研融合,不断以氢农学为农业生产赋能,才能充分确保氢农业理论和实践双领先,更好地发挥和挖掘氢农业在大健康产业中的潜力和动能。
  • 江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(22)3155]
  • 国家自然科学基金(31972396)
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2024年第3卷第4期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.04.007
  • 接收时间:2024-10-20
  • 出版时间:2024-12-20
  • 发布时间:2024-12-24
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-20
  • 修回日期:2024-11-01
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江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(22)3155]
国家自然科学基金(31972396)
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    南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京 210095

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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