Article(id=1244213321268838448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, issueId=1244213313182221193, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11676/qxxb2025.20240093, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1722355200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-31, revisedDate=1734883200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774573172156, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1760025600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774573172156, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774573172156, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774573172156, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244213313182221193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, year='2025', volume='83', issue='5', pageStart='1139', pageEnd='1384', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774573170228, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774573255889, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244213672566960779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, issueId=1244213313182221193, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244213672566960780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, issueId=1244213313182221193, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1301, endPage=1312, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244213321944121444, articleId=1244213321268838448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, language=EN, title=Development of an atmosphere-wave coupled modeling system(GRIST-WW3)based on the ESMF/NUOPC coupling strategy and related numerical simulations, columnId=1244213315661054860, journalTitle=Acta Meteorologica Sinica, columnName=Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Atmosphere-wave interaction is a crucial dynamic process at the air-sea interface, with the sea surface momentum roughness length being a key variable in the coupled atmosphere-wave modelling system. The Global-Regional Integrated Forecast System (GRIST), a next-generation unstructured-grid unified weather and climate modelling system, has been independently designed and developed in China in recent years. By employing the ESMF/NUOPC framework, GRIST has been integrated with the WW3 model to create the coupled atmosphere-wave modelling system (GRIST-WW3). In this system, the atmospheric model provides 10 m wind fields over the sea surface to drive the wave model, while the sea surface roughness, derived from a wave parameterization scheme, is fed back into the atmospheric model. Preliminary results show that the GRIST-WW3 system accurately captures spatial distribution of sea surface wind field and significant wave height, both of which agree well with observations. However, in regions such as the Southern Hemisphere's westerlies and areas near typhoons, where the wind speeds are notably high, the model tends to overestimate 10 m wind speed and significant wave height. The two-way coupling process increases the average and dispersion of sea surface roughness, reducing wind speed biases in areas of high wind speed. In terms of typhoon simulation, improvements in the simulation of typhoon trajectory and 10 m maximum wind speed are evident with the atmosphere-wave coupled modelling system, although the minimum sea level pressure remains unaffected. In the coupled atmosphere-wave modelling system, the wave parameterization scheme of sea surface roughness is essential for accurately simulating high wind speed areas. The optimization of the scheme should be guided by the atmospheric model's bias characteristics, with the primary goal of reducing bias in high wind speed regions.
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气-浪相互作用是海-气交互面重要的动力学过程。海表空气动力粗糙度是气-浪相互作用的关键变量。旨在构建气-浪耦合系统并初步探索海浪模式提供的海表空气动力粗糙度对天气、气候模拟的影响。研究依托ESMF/NUOPC地球系统耦合框架,基于全球-区域一体化预测系统(GRIST)和海浪模式(WW3),发展了GRIST-WW3气-浪耦合模式系统。耦合系统中由大气模式提供海表10 m风场驱动海浪模式运行,根据海浪模式反馈的波浪参数计算海表粗糙度并导入大气模式。模拟结果表明,GRIST-WW3气-浪耦合模式系统能够保证大气和海浪模式的准确数据交换和高效运行,可再现和观测较为一致的海表风场和有效波高的空间分布。在南半球西风带和台风附近等高风速区域,GRIST模式模拟的10 m风速和有效波高相对ERA5再分析数据偏高。引入气-浪双向耦合过程显著提高了海表粗糙度的平均值和离散度,可减小高风速区域的模拟误差。在台风“烟花”个例的模拟试验中,气-浪耦合对台风中心最低气压的影响较小,对台风路径和10 m最大风速的模拟有一定优化效果。海表粗糙度参数化方案显著影响气-浪耦合模式系统在高风速区域的模拟准确性,方案后续优化应基于模式偏差特征,以降低风速模拟的偏差为主要出发点。
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, authorsList=郜婕, 容新尧, 张祎, 付振, 林鹏飞)}, authors=[Author(id=1244213326356529480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jiegao.ehime@gmail.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1244213326457192785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213326356529480, language=EN, stringName=Jie GAO, firstName=Jie, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=
1.State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China
2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1244213326545273175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213326356529480, language=CN, stringName=郜婕, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=
1.南京信息工程大学气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室,南京,210044
2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京,210044, bio={"content":"
郜婕,主要从事大气海洋模式开发研究。E-mail:jiegao.ehime@gmail.com
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郜婕,主要从事大气海洋模式开发研究。E-mail:jiegao.ehime@gmail.com
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1.State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325853212952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325840630038, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.南京信息工程大学气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室,南京,210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1244213325949681949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325958070561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325949681949, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325966459168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325949681949, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京,210044)])]), Author(id=1244213326654325088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1244213326822097258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213326654325088, language=EN, stringName=Xinyao RONG, firstName=Xinyao, middleName=null, lastName=RONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
3, 4, address=
3.CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre,Beijing 100081,China
4.State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1244213326914371951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213326654325088, language=CN, stringName=容新尧, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
3, 4, address=
3.中国气象局地球系统数值预报中心,北京,100081
4.灾害天气科学与技术全国重点实验室,中国气象科学研究院,北京,100081, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1244213326067122473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213326075511082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213326067122473, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3.CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre,Beijing 100081,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213326083899691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213326067122473, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3.中国气象局地球系统数值预报中心,北京,100081)]), AuthorCompany(id=1244213326171980084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213326180368693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213326171980084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4.State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213326184562998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213326171980084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4.灾害天气科学与技术全国重点实验室,中国气象科学研究院,北京,100081)])]), Author(id=1244213327027618165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yizhang@nuist.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1244213327115698556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213327027618165, language=EN, stringName=Yi ZHANG, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=
1.State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China
2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1244213327195390336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213327027618165, language=CN, stringName=张祎, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=
1.南京信息工程大学气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室,南京,210044
2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京,210044, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1244213325840630038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325849018647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325840630038, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325853212952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325840630038, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.南京信息工程大学气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室,南京,210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1244213325949681949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325958070561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325949681949, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325966459168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325949681949, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京,210044)])]), Author(id=1244213327279276421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1244213327405105551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213327279276421, language=EN, stringName=Zhen FU, firstName=Zhen, middleName=null, lastName=FU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=
1.State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China
2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1244213327514157456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213327279276421, language=CN, stringName=付振, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=
1.南京信息工程大学气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室,南京,210044
2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京,210044, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1244213325840630038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325849018647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325840630038, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325853212952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325840630038, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.南京信息工程大学气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室,南京,210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1244213325949681949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325958070561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325949681949, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325966459168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325949681949, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京,210044)])]), Author(id=1244213327681929623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1244213327765815711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213327681929623, language=EN, stringName=Pengfei LIN, firstName=Pengfei, middleName=null, lastName=LIN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
5, address=
5.State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1244213327874867617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, authorId=1244213327681929623, language=CN, stringName=林鹏飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
5, address=
5.中国科学院大气物理研究所地球系统数值模拟与应用全国重点实验室,北京,100029, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1244213326255866173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=5., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213326264254782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213326255866173, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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37(12):4478-4485, articleTitle=Development of a regional ocean-atmosphere-wave coupled model and its preliminary evaluation over the CORDEX East Asia domain, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1244213334044688936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, awardId=2022YFC3004203, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3004203), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1244213334153740843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, awardId=2024KJ013; 2023KJ039, language=CN, fundingSource=中国气象科学研究院科技发展基金(2024KJ013; 2023KJ039), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1244213334233432624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, awardId=2025r096, language=CN, fundingSource=国家青年人才支持计划、南京信息工程大学人才启动经费(2025r096), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1244213325840630038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213325849018647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213325840630038, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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5.State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1244213326268449087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, companyId=1244213326255866173, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
5.中国科学院大气物理研究所地球系统数值模拟与应用全国重点实验室,北京,100029)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1244213330278203849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Code architecture and variable exchange diagram of the coupled atmosphere-wave modelling system(the GRIST-WW3 consists of NUOPC-Driver,NUOPC-Mediator,and NUOPC-Model(ATM and WAV)components;the initialization phases are indicated within the dotted box,automated NUOPC-Connector is operated through the gray boxes;the Advertize routine is used to define sub-models and variables for the coupling system;the Realize routine is for the initialization of sub-models and grid setup;the Advance routine is for integrating calculation of sub-models;the Finalize routine is for implementing the termination of sub-models), figureFileSmall=44TehHAK3WEohRgmY0t7tw==, figureFileBig=mYmkoFamywW+MeTHpnQzxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213330357895630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
GRIST-WW3气-浪耦合模式的代码结构和变量交换示意(GRIST-WW3由NUOPC驱动层、NUOPC调解器以及NUOPC模式分量组件(ATM和WAV)组成;虚线框内为NUOPC驱动层的初始化阶段,自动化通用NUOPC连接器操作通过灰色框实现;Advertize例程用于定义子模式和模式交换变量;Realize例程用于子模式初始化和网格设置;Advance例程用于控制子模式积分计算;Finalize例程用于实现子模式的结束), figureFileSmall=44TehHAK3WEohRgmY0t7tw==, figureFileBig=mYmkoFamywW+MeTHpnQzxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213330550833622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
10 m wind speed(a,d;unit:m/s),significant wave height(b,e;unit:m)and sea surface roughness length(c,f;unit:cm)at 00:00 UTC 24 July 2021(a—c. ERA5,d—f. ATM), figureFileSmall=65kte4rdAVQ+TeZxtLInpA==, figureFileBig=tOzG4WQKDS9zjKq9JZoprg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213330626331097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
2021年7月24日00时10 m风速(a、d,单位:m/s)、有效波高(b、e,单位:m)和海表粗糙度(c、f,单位:cm)(a—c. ERA5,d—e. ATM), figureFileSmall=65kte4rdAVQ+TeZxtLInpA==, figureFileBig=tOzG4WQKDS9zjKq9JZoprg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213330743771613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Same as Fig. 2 but Fig. a—c show deviations between OO02 and ATM,and Fig. d—f are deviations between TY01 and ATM, figureFileSmall=2iQuzae2Fu0zRNZCYfMCng==, figureFileBig=1KYCS+h5hFSSpbL2GQmhgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213330848629216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
同图2,但a—c为OO02与ATM的偏差,d—f为TY01与ATM的偏差, figureFileSmall=2iQuzae2Fu0zRNZCYfMCng==, figureFileBig=1KYCS+h5hFSSpbL2GQmhgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213330949292516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
ERA5 data(a,b),ATM experiment(c,d),deviations between OO02 and ATM(e,f),and deviations between TY01 and ATM(g,h)in the Northwest Pacific at 00:00 UTC 24 July 2021(a,c. 10 m wind speed;e,g. 10 m wind speed deviations;b,d. wave height;f,h. wave height deviations), figureFileSmall=Wd+XMUxdsRmV2uRY5UyNzg==, figureFileBig=N4+uffXuRNyQ9oeHnLNOag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331049955817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
2021年7月24日00时西北太平洋区域ERA5再分析数据(a、b),单向耦合试验ATM(c、d),耦合试验OO02和ATM的偏差(e、f),耦合试验TY01和ATM的偏差(g、h)的空间分布(a、c. 10 m风速;e、g. 10 m风速偏差;b、d. 有效波高;f、h. 有效波高偏差), figureFileSmall=Wd+XMUxdsRmV2uRY5UyNzg==, figureFileBig=N4+uffXuRNyQ9oeHnLNOag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331129647596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Sea surface roughness length at Northwest Pacific at 00:00 UTC 24 July 2021(a. ERA5,b. ATM,c. OO02,d. TY01), figureFileSmall=wBfMJtFVXsvQ194QqZaXCA==, figureFileBig=o5zchSnbeX+VPcM0s8PAVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331205145073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
2021年7月24日00时的海表粗糙度(a. ERA5,b. ATM,c. OO02,d. TY01), figureFileSmall=wBfMJtFVXsvQ194QqZaXCA==, figureFileBig=o5zchSnbeX+VPcM0s8PAVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331314196981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Binned mean roughness length and error bars for one standard deviation of 10 m wind speed over the area shown in Fig. 5, figureFileSmall=HByE3Yi9fdICtYOkBuVMyA==, figureFileBig=QDANaggv0+5d1aFV07bwXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331423248891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
10 m风速区间内平均海表粗糙度及其标准差误差条(计算区域如图5所示), figureFileSmall=HByE3Yi9fdICtYOkBuVMyA==, figureFileBig=QDANaggv0+5d1aFV07bwXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331523912191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Comparison of the track of typhoon Infa(the black line shows the track from the tropical cyclone database(OBS),the gray line is from the reanalysis data of ERA5,the green dotted line is from the one-way coupling test(ATM),the red dotted line is the simulation of the two-way coupling test OO02,and the blue dotted line is the result of the two-way coupling test TY01), figureFileSmall=5D0MirR+A2dUOJPnK0fbwg==, figureFileBig=oXlrBIwOr1WNJwVvRQst9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331603603972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
“烟花”台风的路径对比(黑色线为最佳路径数据集(OBS),灰色线为ERA5的再分析数据(ERA5),绿色点线为单向耦合试验(ATM),红色点线为双向耦合试验(OO02),蓝色点线为双向耦合试验(TY01)), figureFileSmall=5D0MirR+A2dUOJPnK0fbwg==, figureFileBig=oXlrBIwOr1WNJwVvRQst9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331683295754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=
Comparison of the characteristics of typhoon Infa(a. location deviation,b. maximum wind speed at 10 m height,c. minimum sea level pressure in the center), figureFileSmall=vhhrcsdm8ObqgHklfhpXGA==, figureFileBig=EgGOPrtcBBzt8qjsD2SP0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331783959053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
台风“烟花”特征对比(a. 路径偏差,b. 10 m最大风速,c. 中心最低气压), figureFileSmall=vhhrcsdm8ObqgHklfhpXGA==, figureFileBig=EgGOPrtcBBzt8qjsD2SP0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213331884622351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=
Comparison of significant wave height at YaKu-Shima station during typhoon Infa(the black line shows the observation data by JMA,the gray line is the reanalysis data of ERA5,the green dotted line is the result of the one-way coupling test(ATM),the red dotted line is the simulation of the two-way coupling test OO02,and the blue dotted line is the simulation of the two-way coupling test TY01), figureFileSmall=iQUEF5UIP2RJNetal4cqsQ==, figureFileBig=Tm6fnzu6jkA2ciRbcSgybg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213332031422997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
台风“烟花”期间屋久岛测站有效波高对比(黑色线为屋久岛测站观测数据(JMA),灰色线为ERA5再分析数据集(ERA5),绿色线为单向耦合试验(ATM),红色点线为双向耦合试验(OO02),蓝色点线为双向耦合试验(TY01)), figureFileSmall=iQUEF5UIP2RJNetal4cqsQ==, figureFileBig=Tm6fnzu6jkA2ciRbcSgybg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244213332169835033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Experiment configuration of the coupling model
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试验名称 | 模式数据交换 | 海表粗糙度方案 |
|---|
| ATM | ATM ==>WAV(单向) | Charn55 |
| OO02 | ATM <==>WAV(双向) | OO02 |
| TY01 | ATM <==>WAV(双向) | TY01 |
), ArticleFig(id=1244213332274692637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
耦合试验配置
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| 试验名称 | 模式数据交换 | 海表粗糙度方案 |
|---|
| ATM | ATM ==>WAV(单向) | Charn55 |
| OO02 | ATM <==>WAV(双向) | OO02 |
| TY01 | ATM <==>WAV(双向) | TY01 |
), ArticleFig(id=1244213332354384417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=EN, label=Table A1, caption=
List of model and software abbreviations
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| 简称 | 全称 |
|---|
| ESMF | Earth System Modeling Framework |
| NUOPC | National Unified Operational Prediction Capability |
| GRIST | Global-Regional Integrated Forecast System |
| WW3 | WAVEWATCH Ⅲ |
| OASIS3 | Ocean Atmosphere Sea Ice Soil,version 3 |
| RegCM3 | Regional Climate Model Version 3 |
| LICOM2 | LASG/IAP Climate Ocean Model,version 2 |
| MASNUM | Marine Science and Numerical Modeling |
| COAWST | The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport Modeling System |
| C-Coupler2 | The Community Coupler 2 |
| MPAS-A | Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere |
| RCM | The Regional Climate Model |
| WAM | The third generation Wave Model |
| COARE | The Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment |
| JMA | Japan Meteorological Agency |
| GDAS-FNL | The Global Data Assimilation System-Final |
), ArticleFig(id=1244213332463436325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1243976137760620571, articleId=1244213321268838448, language=CN, label=附表1, caption=
文中英文缩写索引
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 简称 | 全称 |
|---|
| ESMF | Earth System Modeling Framework |
| NUOPC | National Unified Operational Prediction Capability |
| GRIST | Global-Regional Integrated Forecast System |
| WW3 | WAVEWATCH Ⅲ |
| OASIS3 | Ocean Atmosphere Sea Ice Soil,version 3 |
| RegCM3 | Regional Climate Model Version 3 |
| LICOM2 | LASG/IAP Climate Ocean Model,version 2 |
| MASNUM | Marine Science and Numerical Modeling |
| COAWST | The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport Modeling System |
| C-Coupler2 | The Community Coupler 2 |
| MPAS-A | Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere |
| RCM | The Regional Climate Model |
| WAM | The third generation Wave Model |
| COARE | The Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment |
| JMA | Japan Meteorological Agency |
| GDAS-FNL | The Global Data Assimilation System-Final |
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