Article(id=1157001741704192205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, issueId=1157001740768858346, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.07.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1695484800000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-24, revisedDate=1703779200000, revisedDateStr=2023-12-29, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753780311275, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753780311275, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753780311275, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780311275, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1157001740768858346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, year='2024', volume='46', issue='7', pageStart='1137', pageEnd='1334', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=0, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753780311052, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756792480363, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1169635694612853253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, issueId=1157001740768858346, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1169635694612853254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, issueId=1157001740768858346, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1273, endPage=1281, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1157001742245257425, articleId=1157001741704192205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, language=EN, title=Intelligent Design and Analysis of Body Structure Based on Data Drive, columnId=null, journalTitle=Automotive Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
As an important stage of the automotive design process, conceptual design requires rapid conceptual design and evaluation. The current methods generally use a combination of parametric design and CAE to achieve analysis based conceptual design of car body structures. With the development and maturity of machine learning and deep learning algorithms, intelligent design methods will become the main innovative technology for body structure design. In this article, a combination of data-driven and optimization design method is used to independently develop the vehicle structure intelligent design software tool (S-iVCD). Firstly, based on residual networks and thermal map regression algorithms, feature points of the vehicle body structure are extracted to achieve automated modeling of the conceptual model of the vehicle body structure. Secondly, based on Gaussian process sampling, a body structure dataset is collected and a fully connected neural network model is used to construct the body structure network model. The parameters of various components of the vehicle body can be input into the trained network model to obtain the overall performance results of the vehicle body. Finally, by combining data-driven computing with the moving asymptote algorithm, a multi-objective optimization design of the vehicle body structure that considers mass, bending stiffness, and torsional stiffness is quickly achieved. By comparing with finite element examples, the error of the calculation results is within the allowable range, with the optimization calculation time greatly shortened, and the lightweight rate reaching 7.4%. This indicates that the data-driven body structure optimization design method is effective in improving efficiency in the conceptual design stage of automobiles.
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概念设计作为汽车设计流程的重要阶段,需要快速地进行方案设计和方案评估。目前一般采用参数化设计和CAE相结合的方法,实现基于分析的车身结构概念设计。随着机器学习和深度学习算法的发展和成熟,智能设计方法将成为车身结构设计主要创新技术。本文使用数据驱动和优化设计相结合的方法,自主研发了车身结构智能设计软件工具(S-iVCD)。首先,基于残差网络和热力图回归算法提取车身结构特征点,实现车身结构概念模型的自动化建模。其次,基于高斯过程采样收集车身结构数据集,采用全连接神经网络模型构建了车身结构网络模型,通过将车身各部件参数输入训练好的网络模型,实时得到车身整体性能的结果。最后,将数据驱动计算与移动渐近线算法结合,快速实现考虑质量、弯曲刚度和扭转刚度的车身结构多目标优化设计。通过与有限元实例对比,计算结果的误差在允许范围内,优化计算时间大为缩短,轻量化率达到了7.4%。由此表明基于数据驱动的车身结构优化设计方法对于汽车概念设计阶段提高效率是有效的。
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 激活函数类型 | ReLU激活函数 |
| 学习率 | 0.001 |
| 样本批次大小 | 500 |
| 迭代次数 | 100 |
| 损失函数类型 | MSE |
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全连接神经网络的超参数设置
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 激活函数类型 | ReLU激活函数 |
| 学习率 | 0.001 |
| 样本批次大小 | 500 |
| 迭代次数 | 100 |
| 损失函数类型 | MSE |
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| 项目 | EI/(N·mm-1) | GI/(N·m·(°)-1) | t/s |
| 求解器计算 | 31 755.86 | 21 630.26 | 30.20 |
| 数据驱动 | 31 632.32 | 21 769.83 | 0.93 |
| 误差/对比 | 0.389 0% | 0.646 5% | 32.40 |
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求解器计算结果和数据驱动计算对比
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| 项目 | EI/(N·mm-1) | GI/(N·m·(°)-1) | t/s |
| 求解器计算 | 31 755.86 | 21 630.26 | 30.20 |
| 数据驱动 | 31 632.32 | 21 769.83 | 0.93 |
| 误差/对比 | 0.389 0% | 0.646 5% | 32.40 |
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| 车身性能 | M/kg | EI/(N·mm-1) | GI/(N·m·(°)-1) |
| 初始设计 | 442.46 | 30 867.52 | 21 205.42 |
| 优化设计 | 393.33 | 29 799.23 | 20 471.51 |
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车身结构性能优化结果
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| 车身性能 | M/kg | EI/(N·mm-1) | GI/(N·m·(°)-1) |
| 初始设计 | 442.46 | 30 867.52 | 21 205.42 |
| 优化设计 | 393.33 | 29 799.23 | 20 471.51 |
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| 尺寸名称 | 初始尺寸/mm | 优化尺寸/mm |
| B8_2H | 176.00 | 142.82 |
| B8_2W_T | 0.99 | 0.80 |
| LEN6_b2H | 176.00 | 146.13 |
| LEN6_b2W_T | 0.99 | 0.85 |
| LEN6_1_b2H | 176.00 | 151.55 |
| LEN6_1_b2W_T | 0.99 | 0.82 |
| CRO1_2_b1_H | 176.00 | 152.82 |
| CRO1_2_b1_W_T | 0.99 | 0.86 |
| LEN2_1_b1_W | 176.00 | 155.19 |
| LEN2_1_b1_H_T | 0.99 | 0.87 |
| B16_1_b4_H | 176.00 | 156.07 |
| B16_1_b4_W_T | 0.99 | 0.90 |
| LEN3_b3W | 176.00 | 160.12 |
| LEN3_b3H_T | 0.99 | 0.90 |
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设计变量尺寸优化结果
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| 尺寸名称 | 初始尺寸/mm | 优化尺寸/mm |
| B8_2H | 176.00 | 142.82 |
| B8_2W_T | 0.99 | 0.80 |
| LEN6_b2H | 176.00 | 146.13 |
| LEN6_b2W_T | 0.99 | 0.85 |
| LEN6_1_b2H | 176.00 | 151.55 |
| LEN6_1_b2W_T | 0.99 | 0.82 |
| CRO1_2_b1_H | 176.00 | 152.82 |
| CRO1_2_b1_W_T | 0.99 | 0.86 |
| LEN2_1_b1_W | 176.00 | 155.19 |
| LEN2_1_b1_H_T | 0.99 | 0.87 |
| B16_1_b4_H | 176.00 | 156.07 |
| B16_1_b4_W_T | 0.99 | 0.90 |
| LEN3_b3W | 176.00 | 160.12 |
| LEN3_b3H_T | 0.99 | 0.90 |
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