Article(id=1157001746825433357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, issueId=1157001741804855503, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.09.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1710518400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-16, revisedDate=1713542400000, revisedDateStr=2024-04-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753780312496, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1727193600000, pubDateStr=2024-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753780312496, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753780312496, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780312496, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1157001741804855503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, year='2024', volume='46', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1722', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=0, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753780311297, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756792455058, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1169635588480184833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, issueId=1157001741804855503, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1169635588480184834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, issueId=1157001741804855503, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1576, endPage=1586, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1157001748415074576, articleId=1157001746825433357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, language=EN, title=A Hybrid Control Strategy for Light Commercial Vehicle Path Tracking Considering Complex Disturbances, columnId=null, journalTitle=Automotive Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Complex disturbances such as external interference, model uncertainty and parameter perturbation directly affect the accuracy and driving safety of intelligent vehicle path tracking control. Commercial vehicles are more susceptible to complex disturbances during driving because of their load characteristics. A hybrid path tracking control method is proposed in order to improve the accuracy and smoothness of commercial vehicle path tracking. Firstly, a robust sliding mode controller based on extended observer and an incremental LQR controller with stable changes are established. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to tune the parameters of the incremental LQR. Then, in order to improve robustness while weakening chattering, a fuzzy controller is used to adjust weight coefficient between them according to vehicle speed and lateral error. Finally, simulation analysis and vehicle experiments are conducted. The experimental data shows that SMC+LQR has good control performance to cope with complex external disturbances.
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外界扰动、模型不确定性和参数摄动等复杂扰动直接影响智能车辆路径跟踪控制的精度和行驶安全性。商用车的载重特性使其在行驶过程中受到的复杂扰动更为明显,为提升自动驾驶商用车路径跟踪精度和平顺性,提出一种路径跟踪混合控制方法。首先,建立鲁棒性强的基于扩张观测器的滑模控制器和变化平稳的增量式LQR控制器,其中增量式LQR的参数使用粒子群算法整定。然后,使用模糊控制器将两者相结合,根据车速和横向误差调整权重系数,在提升系统鲁棒性的同时削弱抖振。最后,进行了仿真分析和实车试验。试验数据表明,SMC+LQR具备较好的控制效果,能应对外界的复杂扰动。
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1, 2, 3, address=
1. Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan 430070
2. Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan 430070
3. Hubei Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1157001938278633832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, authorId=1157001938169581923, language=CN, stringName=胡杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070
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1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1157001937972449625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937976643930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937972449625, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1157001938047947100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001938052141405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001938047947100, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1, 2, 3, address=
1. Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan 430070
2. Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan 430070
3. Hubei Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1157001938471571823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, authorId=1157001938328965482, language=CN, stringName=张志凌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070
3. 新能源与智能网联车湖北工程技术研究中心,武汉 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1157001937901146454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937905340759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937901146454, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1. Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan 430070), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937913729368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937901146454, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1157001937972449625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937976643930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937972449625, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2. Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan 430070), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937980838235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937972449625, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1157001938047947100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001938052141405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001938047947100, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3. Hubei Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan 430070), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001938056335710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001938047947100, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3. 新能源与智能网联车湖北工程技术研究中心,武汉 430070)])]), Author(id=1157001938517709169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1157001938580623733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, authorId=1157001938517709169, language=EN, stringName=Jiefeng Zhong, firstName=Jiefeng, middleName=null, lastName=Zhong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1. Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan 430070
2. Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan 430070
3. Hubei Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1157001938630955382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, authorId=1157001938517709169, language=CN, stringName=钟杰锋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070
3. 新能源与智能网联车湖北工程技术研究中心,武汉 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1157001937901146454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937905340759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937901146454, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1. Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan 430070), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937913729368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937901146454, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1157001937972449625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937976643930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937972449625, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2. Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan 430070), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937980838235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937972449625, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1157001938047947100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001938052141405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001938047947100, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1, 2, 3, address=
1. Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan 430070
2. Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan 430070
3. Hubei Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1157001938811310461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, authorId=1157001938685481336, language=CN, stringName=赵文龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1. 武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
2. 武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070
3. 新能源与智能网联车湖北工程技术研究中心,武汉 430070, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1157001937901146454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1157001937905340759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, companyId=1157001937901146454, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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| 输入:粒子数n、迭代次数iter、变量范围(lowest, biggest)、 权重(ω, , ) 输出:最优向量 |
| = rand(lowest, biggest), = rand(lowest, biggest) = rand(0, 1), = rand(0, 1) for i = 1:iter for j = 1:n 根据式(33)更新 和 计算fitness(j) end now (i) = min(fitness) global = min( now ) end 输出 global 的结果 |
), ArticleFig(id=1157001945652220448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120084050784272, articleId=1157001746825433357, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
粒子群算法伪代码
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 输入:粒子数n、迭代次数iter、变量范围(lowest, biggest)、 权重(ω, , ) 输出:最优向量 |
| = rand(lowest, biggest), = rand(lowest, biggest) = rand(0, 1), = rand(0, 1) for i = 1:iter for j = 1:n 根据式(33)更新 和 计算fitness(j) end now (i) = min(fitness) global = min( now ) end 输出 global 的结果 |
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| |ed | | vx |
| S | M | B |
| S | VB | VB | B |
| M | VB | B | S |
| B | B | S | VS |
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模糊规则表
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| |ed | | vx |
| S | M | B |
| S | VB | VB | B |
| M | VB | B | S |
| B | B | S | VS |
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 质量m/kg | 2 600 |
| 绕z轴转动惯量 /(kg m2) | 4 245 |
| 质心到前轴的距离a/m | 1.35 |
| 质心到后轴的距离b/m | 3.05 |
| 前轴总侧偏刚度 /(N·rad-1) | -173 000 |
| 后轴总侧偏刚度 /(N·rad-1) | -173 000 |
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仿真分析车辆参数
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 质量m/kg | 2 600 |
| 绕z轴转动惯量 /(kg m2) | 4 245 |
| 质心到前轴的距离a/m | 1.35 |
| 质心到后轴的距离b/m | 3.05 |
| 前轴总侧偏刚度 /(N·rad-1) | -173 000 |
| 后轴总侧偏刚度 /(N·rad-1) | -173 000 |
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| LQR矩阵 | |
| LQR最大迭代步长 | 150 |
| LQR衰减系数 | 0.1 |
| SMC横向、航向误差权重 | |
| SMC比例、微分项权重 | |
| SMC鲁棒性指标γ | 0.5 |
| 状态观测器参数 | (3,10,6) |
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算法参数
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| LQR矩阵 | |
| LQR最大迭代步长 | 150 |
| LQR衰减系数 | 0.1 |
| SMC横向、航向误差权重 | |
| SMC比例、微分项权重 | |
| SMC鲁棒性指标γ | 0.5 |
| 状态观测器参数 | (3,10,6) |
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| 项目 | 最大值 | 标准差 |
| 滑模横向误差/m | 0.317 | 0.088 |
| LQR横向误差/m | 0.336 | 0.130 |
| SMC+LQR横向误差/m | 0.310 | 0.106 |
| 滑模航向误差/rad | -0.052 | 0.018 |
| LQR航向误差/rad | -0.038 | 0.013 |
| SMC+LQR航向误差/rad | -0.048 | 0.015 |
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仿真分析算法对比
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| 项目 | 最大值 | 标准差 |
| 滑模横向误差/m | 0.317 | 0.088 |
| LQR横向误差/m | 0.336 | 0.130 |
| SMC+LQR横向误差/m | 0.310 | 0.106 |
| 滑模航向误差/rad | -0.052 | 0.018 |
| LQR航向误差/rad | -0.038 | 0.013 |
| SMC+LQR航向误差/rad | -0.048 | 0.015 |
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 质量m/kg | 2 850 |
| 绕z轴转动惯量 /(kg m2) | 4 500 |
| 质心到前轴的距离a/m | 1.20 |
| 质心到后轴的距离b/m | 2.108 |
| 前轴总侧偏刚度 (N·rad-1) | -170 000 |
| 后轴总侧偏刚度 (N·rad-1) | -170 000 |
| 转向传动比 | 22 |
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实车试验车辆参数
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 质量m/kg | 2 850 |
| 绕z轴转动惯量 /(kg m2) | 4 500 |
| 质心到前轴的距离a/m | 1.20 |
| 质心到后轴的距离b/m | 2.108 |
| 前轴总侧偏刚度 (N·rad-1) | -170 000 |
| 后轴总侧偏刚度 (N·rad-1) | -170 000 |
| 转向传动比 | 22 |
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| 项目 | 最大值 | 标准差 |
| 滑模横向误差/m | 0.432 | 0.146 |
| LQR横向误差/m | 0.646 | 0.206 |
| SMC+LQR横向误差/m | 0.218 | 0.064 |
| 滑模航向误差/rad | -0.095 | 0.024 |
| LQR航向误差/rad | -0.116 | 0.027 |
| SMC+LQR航向误差/rad | -0.089 | 0.017 |
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环岛试验算法对比
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| 项目 | 最大值 | 标准差 |
| 滑模横向误差/m | 0.432 | 0.146 |
| LQR横向误差/m | 0.646 | 0.206 |
| SMC+LQR横向误差/m | 0.218 | 0.064 |
| 滑模航向误差/rad | -0.095 | 0.024 |
| LQR航向误差/rad | -0.116 | 0.027 |
| SMC+LQR航向误差/rad | -0.089 | 0.017 |
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| 项目 | 最大值 | 标准差 |
| 固定权重横向误差/m | 0.460 | 0.152 |
| 可变权重横向误差/m | 0.218 | 0.064 |
| 固定权重航向误差/rad | -0.110 | 0.018 |
| 可变权重航向误差/rad | -0.089 | 0.017 |
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可变权重试验对比
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| 项目 | 最大值 | 标准差 |
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| 可变权重横向误差/m | 0.218 | 0.064 |
| 固定权重航向误差/rad | -0.110 | 0.018 |
| 可变权重航向误差/rad | -0.089 | 0.017 |
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