Article(id=1153978732273459970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153978730306331381, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.2095–1469.2024.03.05, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1697731200000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-20, revisedDate=1700064000000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-16, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753059569661, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753059569661, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753059569661, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753059569661, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153978730306331381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, year='2024', volume='14', issue='3', pageStart='321', pageEnd='552', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=0, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753059569193, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757481634700, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172526217405280450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153978730306331381, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172526217405280451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153978730306331381, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=376, endPage=386, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153978732663530245, articleId=1153978732273459970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, language=EN, title=An Evaluation Method for HMI Scenarios in Intelligent Connected Vehicles, columnId=1153978731191329527, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering, columnName=Intelligent Safety/Security Technologies and Test/Evaluation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The HMI intelligent system in the vehicle cabin significantly influences the user's intelligent experience. Testing and researching HMI leads to the establishment of a complete set of HMI testing and evaluation methods, which can guide the design and development of HMI, achieving iterative improvement and optimization of HMI systems. The increasing number of features in the car cabin provides users with a richer experience. However, even with identical functionalities, different HMIs can result in vastly different driving experiences for users. This article, based on typical usage scenarios, objectively analyzes the differences in the system response, driver's eye movements, and hand activities across different vehicle models under the same scenarios. The evaluation parameters are further quantified to form assessment indicators. Additionally, a subjective evaluation form is designed based on the five senses and perceptions to evaluate the HMI. The evaluation results indicate that this method is practical and reasonable, and can comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the HMI from both objective and subjective perspectives.

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汽车座舱内的人机交互智能系统一定程度决定了用户的智能体验,对人机交互进行测试研究,形成一套完整的人机交互测试评价方法,可以指导人机交互的设计开发,实现人机交互的迭代和优化。汽车座舱内功能日益增加,给用户带来更丰富的体验,然而功能相同,人机交互不同,给用户带来的驾驶体验却大相径庭。基于典型使用场景,从客观角度,分析不同车型相同场景下车机系统的响应、驾驶员眼部活动和驾驶员手部活动的差异,进一步量化评价参数,形成评价指标,同时根据五感和五觉,设计主观评价表对人机交互进行测评。测评结果表明,该方法具备可操作性和合理性,能从客观和主观角度全面评估人机交互的优劣。

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杨良义(1980年-),男,河南固始人,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价技术及标准法规。Tel: 13658366596 E-mail:
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黄阳(1987-),男,云南镇雄人,学士,工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价和汽车智能座舱测试技术。Tel: 18523012518 E-mail:

, authorsList=黄阳, 黄俊富, 潘登, 杨良义, 易侃, 王占锐)}, authors=[Author(id=1153978799726256812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=huangyang@caeri.com.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1153978800003080882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, authorId=1153978799726256812, language=EN, stringName=Yang HUANG, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vehicle Safety Technology Chongqing 401122 China
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黄阳(1987-),男,云南镇雄人,学士,工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价和汽车智能座舱测试技术。Tel: 18523012518 E-mail:

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黄阳(1987-),男,云南镇雄人,学士,工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价和汽车智能座舱测试技术。Tel: 18523012518 E-mail:

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响应时间/s 测试结果对应描述 评分
$0 < {T}_{\mathrm{x}} \leq 1$ 任务响应迅速 3
$1 < {T}_{\mathrm{x}} \leq 3$ 任务响应稍有延迟 2
$3 < {T}_{\mathrm{x}} \leq 5$ 任务响应速度较慢 1
${T}_{\mathrm{x}} > 5$ 任务响应速度过慢 0
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响应时间/s 测试结果对应描述 评分
$0 < {T}_{\mathrm{x}} \leq 1$ 任务响应迅速 3
$1 < {T}_{\mathrm{x}} \leq 3$ 任务响应稍有延迟 2
$3 < {T}_{\mathrm{x}} \leq 5$ 任务响应速度较慢 1
${T}_{\mathrm{x}} > 5$ 任务响应速度过慢 0
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视线离路 时间 /s 结果描述 评分
$0 < {T}_{\mathrm{s}} \leq 1$ 驾驶员视线几乎无需离开路面便可完成任务 3
$1 \leq T \leq 3$ 驾驶员仅需短暂地对车机进行观察, 但不会影响安 全驾驶 2
$3 \leq {T}_{\mathrm{s}} \leq 5$ 驾驶员需要花较长时间停留在车机上, 会影响驾驶 1
${T}_{\mathrm{s}} > 5$ 驾驶员需要花较长时间停留在车机上, 会严重影响 驾驶 0
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视线离路 时间 /s 结果描述 评分
$0 < {T}_{\mathrm{s}} \leq 1$ 驾驶员视线几乎无需离开路面便可完成任务 3
$1 \leq T \leq 3$ 驾驶员仅需短暂地对车机进行观察, 但不会影响安 全驾驶 2
$3 \leq {T}_{\mathrm{s}} \leq 5$ 驾驶员需要花较长时间停留在车机上, 会影响驾驶 1
${T}_{\mathrm{s}} > 5$ 驾驶员需要花较长时间停留在车机上, 会严重影响 驾驶 0
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操作次数/次 结果描述 评分
$C = 1$ 驾驶员只需操作 1 次即可完成任务 3
$1 < C \leq 3$ 驾驶员操作两到三次即可顺利、无错 误地完成任务 2
$3 < C \leq 5$ 驾驶员需要经过一定时间学习,或多 次尝试/犯错后才能完成任务 1
$C > 5$ 驾驶员很难完成该任务 0
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操作次数/次 结果描述 评分
$C = 1$ 驾驶员只需操作 1 次即可完成任务 3
$1 < C \leq 3$ 驾驶员操作两到三次即可顺利、无错 误地完成任务 2
$3 < C \leq 5$ 驾驶员需要经过一定时间学习,或多 次尝试/犯错后才能完成任务 1
$C > 5$ 驾驶员很难完成该任务 0
), ArticleFig(id=1153978808764982091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
完成任务时长/s 结果描述 评分
$0 < {T}_{\mathrm{k}} \leq 1$ 驾驶员可以快速地完成该任务 3
$1 < {T}_{\mathrm{k}} \leq 3$ 驾驶员可以在较快时间内完成该任务 2
$3 < {T}_{\mathrm{k}} \leq 5$ 驾驶员需要花费一定时间才能完成该任务 1
${T}_{\mathrm{k}} > 5$ 驾驶员需要花费大量时间才能完成该任务 0
), ArticleFig(id=1153978808827896654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=操作快捷度评分, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
完成任务时长/s 结果描述 评分
$0 < {T}_{\mathrm{k}} \leq 1$ 驾驶员可以快速地完成该任务 3
$1 < {T}_{\mathrm{k}} \leq 3$ 驾驶员可以在较快时间内完成该任务 2
$3 < {T}_{\mathrm{k}} \leq 5$ 驾驶员需要花费一定时间才能完成该任务 1
${T}_{\mathrm{k}} > 5$ 驾驶员需要花费大量时间才能完成该任务 0
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交互方式 功能 测试用例
得分 权重 得分 权重 得分 权重 得分 权重
中控屏幕交互 导航 导航回家(已设置 “家” 的位置) ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}1}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{1}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}1}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{1}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C1}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{1}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}1}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{1}$
导航过程中,沿途搜加油站 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 2}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}2}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C2}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}2}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{2}$
将导航播报模式切换至 “简洁播报” ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 3}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}3}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C3}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}3}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{3}$
搜索并导航至附近的停车场 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}4}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T.\text{ s4 }}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C4}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}4}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{4}$
将导航播报静音 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 5}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}5}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C5}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}5}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{5}$
空调 打开空调界面 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 6}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{6}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}6}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{6}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C6}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{6}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}6}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{6}$
调高空调温度 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}7}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{7}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}7}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{7}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C7}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{7}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}7}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{7}$
调大空调风量 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 8}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{8}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}8}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{8}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C8}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{8}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,{k8}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{8}$
将空调循环模式切换至外循环 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 9}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{9}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}9}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{9}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C9}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{9}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}9}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{9}$
打开前窗除雾 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {10}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{10}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s }{10}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{10}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C10}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{10}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{10}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{10}$
音乐 导航界面打开音乐 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {11}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s11 }}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C11}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{11}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{11}$
暂停音乐播放 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {12}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{12}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C12}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{12}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{12}$
切换至下一首歌 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {13}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{13}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C13}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{13}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{13}$
浏览歌曲库,并选择一首歌播放 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {14}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{14}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C14}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{14}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{14}$
收藏歌曲 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {15}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s }{15}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C15}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,{k15}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{15}$
电话 接听来电 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {16}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}{16}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C16}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{16}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{16}$
拨打给某个最近联系人 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {17}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{17}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C17}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{17}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{17}$
拨打电话 10086 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {18}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{18}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C18}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{18}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{18}$
电台 导航界面打开网络电台 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {19}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{19}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s }{19}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{19}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C19}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{19}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{19}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{19}$
浏览网络电台, 并选择一个进行播放 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {20}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{20}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{20}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{20}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C20}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{20}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{20}$
设置 断开手机蓝牙 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {21}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{21}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C21}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{21}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{21}$
开启儿童锁 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {22}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{22}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C22}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{22}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{22}$
打开氛围灯 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {23}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{23}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C23}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{23}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{23}$
调节媒体音量 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {24}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{24}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C24}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{24}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{24}$
打开 360 环视 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {25}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{25}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C25}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{25}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{25}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978808970502995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
交互方式 功能 测试用例
得分 权重 得分 权重 得分 权重 得分 权重
中控屏幕交互 导航 导航回家(已设置 “家” 的位置) ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}1}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{1}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}1}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{1}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C1}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{1}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}1}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{1}$
导航过程中,沿途搜加油站 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 2}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}2}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C2}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}2}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{2}$
将导航播报模式切换至 “简洁播报” ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 3}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}3}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C3}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}3}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{3}$
搜索并导航至附近的停车场 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}4}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T.\text{ s4 }}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C4}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}4}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{4}$
将导航播报静音 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 5}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}5}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C5}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}5}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{5}$
空调 打开空调界面 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 6}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{6}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}6}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{6}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C6}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{6}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}6}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{6}$
调高空调温度 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}7}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{7}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}7}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{7}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C7}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{7}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}7}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{7}$
调大空调风量 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 8}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{8}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}8}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{8}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C8}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{8}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,{k8}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{8}$
将空调循环模式切换至外循环 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times 9}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{9}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}9}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{9}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C9}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{9}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}9}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{9}$
打开前窗除雾 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {10}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{10}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s }{10}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{10}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C10}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{10}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{10}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{10}$
音乐 导航界面打开音乐 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {11}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s11 }}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C11}$ ${\mathrm{c}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{11}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{11}$
暂停音乐播放 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {12}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{12}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C12}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{12}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{12}$
切换至下一首歌 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {13}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{13}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C13}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{13}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{13}$
浏览歌曲库,并选择一首歌播放 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {14}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{14}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C14}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{14}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{14}$
收藏歌曲 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {15}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s }{15}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C15}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,{k15}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{15}$
电话 接听来电 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {16}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}{16}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C16}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{16}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{16}$
拨打给某个最近联系人 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {17}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{17}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C17}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{17}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{17}$
拨打电话 10086 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {18}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{18}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C18}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{18}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{18}$
电台 导航界面打开网络电台 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {19}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{19}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\text{ s }{19}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{19}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C19}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{19}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{19}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{19}$
浏览网络电台, 并选择一个进行播放 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {20}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{20}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{20}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{20}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C20}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{20}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{20}$
设置 断开手机蓝牙 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {21}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{21}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C21}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{21}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{21}$
开启儿童锁 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {22}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{22}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C22}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{22}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{22}$
打开氛围灯 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {23}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{23}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C23}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{23}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{23}$
调节媒体音量 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {24}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{24}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C24}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{24}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{24}$
打开 360 环视 ${\mathrm{S}}_{T, \times {25}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}{25}}$ ${\mathrm{b}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{C25}$ ${\mathrm{C}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{25}}$ ${\mathrm{d}}_{25}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809054389080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
交互方式 中控屏幕交互 语音交互 方控交互 仪表信息交互
权重 ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{ZK}}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{YY}}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{FK}}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{YB}}}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809129886554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 6, caption=主观评价各维度权重, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
交互方式 中控屏幕交互 语音交互 方控交互 仪表信息交互
权重 ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{ZK}}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{YY}}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{FK}}}$ ${\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{YB}}}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809196995421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
等级 稍差 合格 良好 优秀
评分 $1 \sim 3$ $3 \sim 5$ $5 \sim 7$ 7~10
评价 稍差 较好 很好
感觉 不能容忍 轻微讨厌 有点不舒服 没有不舒服
缺陷 功能丧失, 严重缺陷 有缺陷, 要改进 较少 较少,几乎感觉不到
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809264104287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 7, caption=主观评价表, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
等级 稍差 合格 良好 优秀
评分 $1 \sim 3$ $3 \sim 5$ $5 \sim 7$ 7~10
评价 稍差 较好 很好
感觉 不能容忍 轻微讨厌 有点不舒服 没有不舒服
缺陷 功能丧失, 严重缺陷 有缺陷, 要改进 较少 较少,几乎感觉不到
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809360573281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
安全性 方向盘按钮无需注视就能用拇指操作 ${\mathrm{S}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{1}$
在各主视图间切换不需要长时间注视屏幕 ${\mathrm{S}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{2}$
可以在开车时安全地完成需要多步操作的任务 ${\mathrm{S}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{3}$
是否可以安全地进行 ADAS 相关的操作 ${\mathrm{S}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{4}$
浏览、选中不需要长时间注视屏幕 ${\mathrm{S}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{5}$
呈现内容的方式易于察觉, 在视线中心向外舒 适范围内 ${\mathrm{S}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{6}$
图标的表意性清晰易懂, 不易懂的图标有文字 注释 ${\mathrm{S}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{7}$
主次颜色配色合理不杂乱, 多种颜色之间是协 调的 ${\mathrm{S}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809436070755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 8, caption=安全性评价, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
安全性 方向盘按钮无需注视就能用拇指操作 ${\mathrm{S}}_{11}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{1}$
在各主视图间切换不需要长时间注视屏幕 ${\mathrm{S}}_{12}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{2}$
可以在开车时安全地完成需要多步操作的任务 ${\mathrm{S}}_{13}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{3}$
是否可以安全地进行 ADAS 相关的操作 ${\mathrm{S}}_{14}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{4}$
浏览、选中不需要长时间注视屏幕 ${\mathrm{S}}_{15}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{5}$
呈现内容的方式易于察觉, 在视线中心向外舒 适范围内 ${\mathrm{S}}_{16}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{6}$
图标的表意性清晰易懂, 不易懂的图标有文字 注释 ${\mathrm{S}}_{17}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{7}$
主次颜色配色合理不杂乱, 多种颜色之间是协 调的 ${\mathrm{S}}_{18}$ ${\mathrm{e}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809494791013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
快捷性 语音应答的话简短, 发音顺畅自然 ${\mathrm{S}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{1}$
不会显著地感觉到延迟 ${\mathrm{S}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{2}$
控制器(按钮, 卡片)都位于手易于触达的范 围内 ${\mathrm{S}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{3}$
最小号的文字也能快速辨识 ${\mathrm{S}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{4}$
开车时打开、切换常用应用的效率非常高 ${\mathrm{S}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{5}$
高频功能在位置、面积、层级等被给予了更高 的优先级 ${\mathrm{S}}_{26}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{6}$
观察外观能直觉地理解控件的操作方式 ${\mathrm{S}}_{27}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{7}$
呈现内容简洁清晰, 可以被迅速理解 ${\mathrm{S}}_{28}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809566094183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 9, caption=快捷性评价, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
快捷性 语音应答的话简短, 发音顺畅自然 ${\mathrm{S}}_{21}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{1}$
不会显著地感觉到延迟 ${\mathrm{S}}_{22}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{2}$
控制器(按钮, 卡片)都位于手易于触达的范 围内 ${\mathrm{S}}_{23}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{3}$
最小号的文字也能快速辨识 ${\mathrm{S}}_{24}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{4}$
开车时打开、切换常用应用的效率非常高 ${\mathrm{S}}_{25}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{5}$
高频功能在位置、面积、层级等被给予了更高 的优先级 ${\mathrm{S}}_{26}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{6}$
观察外观能直觉地理解控件的操作方式 ${\mathrm{S}}_{27}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{7}$
呈现内容简洁清晰, 可以被迅速理解 ${\mathrm{S}}_{28}$ ${\mathrm{f}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809649980265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
有效性 语音识别不会出现显著的识别错误 ${\mathrm{S}}_{31}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{1}$
能把有轻微说错(或者带有口音)的句子纠正过来 ${\mathrm{S}}_{32}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{2}$
随时方便地取消语音输入, 可以随时方便地终止语音对话过程 ${\mathrm{S}}_{33}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{3}$
帮助用户了解失败的原因或引导用户进行正确的操作 ${\mathrm{S}}_{34}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{4}$
输入文本时可以自由修正已输入指令的错误 (地址、文本等) ${\mathrm{S}}_{35}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{5}$
提醒驾驶员执行任务时, 给予用户明确的指令, 减少反应时间 ${\mathrm{S}}_{36}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{6}$
图标触碰区域是否足够 ${\mathrm{S}}_{37}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{7}$
返回上一级、退出模态的操作方式是稳定可靠的 ${\mathrm{S}}_{38}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809721283435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 10, caption=有效性评价, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
有效性 语音识别不会出现显著的识别错误 ${\mathrm{S}}_{31}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{1}$
能把有轻微说错(或者带有口音)的句子纠正过来 ${\mathrm{S}}_{32}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{2}$
随时方便地取消语音输入, 可以随时方便地终止语音对话过程 ${\mathrm{S}}_{33}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{3}$
帮助用户了解失败的原因或引导用户进行正确的操作 ${\mathrm{S}}_{34}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{4}$
输入文本时可以自由修正已输入指令的错误 (地址、文本等) ${\mathrm{S}}_{35}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{5}$
提醒驾驶员执行任务时, 给予用户明确的指令, 减少反应时间 ${\mathrm{S}}_{36}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{6}$
图标触碰区域是否足够 ${\mathrm{S}}_{37}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{7}$
返回上一级、退出模态的操作方式是稳定可靠的 ${\mathrm{S}}_{38}$ ${\mathrm{g}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809805169517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
舒适性 在多轮语音交互中理解前面语句所提供的意图和参数上下文 ${\mathrm{S}}_{41}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{1}$
用修饰词让语句不显得机械生硬 ${\mathrm{S}}_{42}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{2}$
除非必要, 不会主动向用户说话打扰用户 ${\mathrm{S}}_{43}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{3}$
界面元素按照优先级设计了明确的视觉层次 ${\mathrm{S}}_{44}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{4}$
条目的陈列顺序简单清晰、文字简洁易读 ${\mathrm{S}}_{45}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{5}$
信息按照优先级来分配了各自展示的区域 ${\mathrm{S}}_{46}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{6}$
信息进行了有效的可视化, 易于查看 ${\mathrm{S}}_{47}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{7}$
$\mathrm{{AI}}$ 的名字,以及 $\mathrm{{AI}}$ 对主人的称呼语进行自定义 ${\mathrm{S}}_{48}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809863889776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 11, caption=舒适性评价, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
舒适性 在多轮语音交互中理解前面语句所提供的意图和参数上下文 ${\mathrm{S}}_{41}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{1}$
用修饰词让语句不显得机械生硬 ${\mathrm{S}}_{42}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{2}$
除非必要, 不会主动向用户说话打扰用户 ${\mathrm{S}}_{43}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{3}$
界面元素按照优先级设计了明确的视觉层次 ${\mathrm{S}}_{44}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{4}$
条目的陈列顺序简单清晰、文字简洁易读 ${\mathrm{S}}_{45}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{5}$
信息按照优先级来分配了各自展示的区域 ${\mathrm{S}}_{46}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{6}$
信息进行了有效的可视化, 易于查看 ${\mathrm{S}}_{47}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{7}$
$\mathrm{{AI}}$ 的名字,以及 $\mathrm{{AI}}$ 对主人的称呼语进行自定义 ${\mathrm{S}}_{48}$ ${\mathrm{h}}_{8}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809922610035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
创新性 语音应答的话语多样丰富 ${\mathrm{S}}_{51}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{1}$
语音形象生动有趣 (是否有似五官的形象) ${\mathrm{S}}_{52}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{2}$
交互方式多样且有效 ${\mathrm{S}}_{53}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{3}$
有新的交互技术的运用 ${\mathrm{S}}_{54}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{4}$
新的交互方式的使用体验 ${\mathrm{S}}_{55}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{5}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978809993913207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 12, caption=创新性评价, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度 项目 分值 权重
创新性 语音应答的话语多样丰富 ${\mathrm{S}}_{51}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{1}$
语音形象生动有趣 (是否有似五官的形象) ${\mathrm{S}}_{52}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{2}$
交互方式多样且有效 ${\mathrm{S}}_{53}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{3}$
有新的交互技术的运用 ${\mathrm{S}}_{54}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{4}$
新的交互方式的使用体验 ${\mathrm{S}}_{55}$ ${\mathrm{i}}_{5}$
), ArticleFig(id=1153978810065216378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁
20~29 2 2
30~39 1 1
40~49 1 1
50~59 1 1
), ArticleFig(id=1153978810119742332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 13, caption=测试人员分布, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁
20~29 2 2
30~39 1 1
40~49 1 1
50~59 1 1
), ArticleFig(id=1153978810186851201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
场景 功能 测试用例 参数
CI次
中控屏幕交互 导航 导航回家(已设置 “家” 的位置)
导航过程中,沿途搜加油站
空调 打开空调界面
调高空调温度
音乐 导航界面打开音乐
暂停音乐播放
电话 接听来电
电台 导航界面打开网络电台
设置 断开手机蓝牙
打开 360 环视
), ArticleFig(id=1153978810270737284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153978732273459970, language=CN, label=表 14, caption=试验数据记录表, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
场景 功能 测试用例 参数
CI次
中控屏幕交互 导航 导航回家(已设置 “家” 的位置)
导航过程中,沿途搜加油站
空调 打开空调界面
调高空调温度
音乐 导航界面打开音乐
暂停音乐播放
电话 接听来电
电台 导航界面打开网络电台
设置 断开手机蓝牙
打开 360 环视
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智能网联汽车人机交互场景测评方法研究
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黄阳 1, 2 , 黄俊富 1, 2 , 潘登 1, 2 , 杨良义 1, 2 , 易侃 1, 2 , 王占锐 2
汽车工程学报 | 智能安全技术及其测评 2024,14(3): 376-386
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汽车工程学报 | 智能安全技术及其测评 2024, 14(3): 376-386
智能网联汽车人机交互场景测评方法研究
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黄阳1, 2 , 黄俊富1, 2, 潘登1, 2, 杨良义1, 2 , 易侃1, 2, 王占锐2
作者信息
  • 1 智能汽车安全技术全国重点试验室 重庆 401122
  • 2 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 重庆 401122
  • 黄阳(1987-),男,云南镇雄人,学士,工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价和汽车智能座舱测试技术。Tel: 18523012518 E-mail:

通讯作者:


杨良义(1980年-),男,河南固始人,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价技术及标准法规。Tel: 13658366596 E-mail:
An Evaluation Method for HMI Scenarios in Intelligent Connected Vehicles
Yang HUANG1, 2 , Junfu HUANG1, 2, Deng PAN1, 2, Liangyi YANG1, 2 , Kan YI1, 2, Zhanrui WANG2
Affiliations
  • 1 National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vehicle Safety Technology Chongqing 401122 China
  • 2 China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd. Chongqing 401122 China
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095–1469.2024.03.05
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汽车座舱内的人机交互智能系统一定程度决定了用户的智能体验,对人机交互进行测试研究,形成一套完整的人机交互测试评价方法,可以指导人机交互的设计开发,实现人机交互的迭代和优化。汽车座舱内功能日益增加,给用户带来更丰富的体验,然而功能相同,人机交互不同,给用户带来的驾驶体验却大相径庭。基于典型使用场景,从客观角度,分析不同车型相同场景下车机系统的响应、驾驶员眼部活动和驾驶员手部活动的差异,进一步量化评价参数,形成评价指标,同时根据五感和五觉,设计主观评价表对人机交互进行测评。测评结果表明,该方法具备可操作性和合理性,能从客观和主观角度全面评估人机交互的优劣。

人机交互  /  测试评价  /  智能座舱  /  注视时间

The HMI intelligent system in the vehicle cabin significantly influences the user's intelligent experience. Testing and researching HMI leads to the establishment of a complete set of HMI testing and evaluation methods, which can guide the design and development of HMI, achieving iterative improvement and optimization of HMI systems. The increasing number of features in the car cabin provides users with a richer experience. However, even with identical functionalities, different HMIs can result in vastly different driving experiences for users. This article, based on typical usage scenarios, objectively analyzes the differences in the system response, driver's eye movements, and hand activities across different vehicle models under the same scenarios. The evaluation parameters are further quantified to form assessment indicators. Additionally, a subjective evaluation form is designed based on the five senses and perceptions to evaluate the HMI. The evaluation results indicate that this method is practical and reasonable, and can comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the HMI from both objective and subjective perspectives.

human-machine interaction  /  test evaluation  /  intelligent cockpit  /  fixation time
黄阳, 黄俊富, 潘登, 杨良义, 易侃, 王占锐. 智能网联汽车人机交互场景测评方法研究. 汽车工程学报, 2024 , 14 (3) : 376 -386 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095–1469.2024.03.05
Yang HUANG, Junfu HUANG, Deng PAN, Liangyi YANG, Kan YI, Zhanrui WANG. An Evaluation Method for HMI Scenarios in Intelligent Connected Vehicles[J]. Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering, 2024 , 14 (3) : 376 -386 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095–1469.2024.03.05
HMI 是 Human Machine Interface (Interaction) 的缩写,即 “人机接口”,也叫 “人机界面/人机交互”。人机界面是系统和用户之间进行交互和信息交换的媒介, 它能实现信息的内部形式与人类可以接受形式之间的转换 [ 1 ] ,人机交互是实现信息的内部形式与人类可接受形式之间的交互。凡参与人机信息交流的领域都存在人机交互。
汽车的智能化和网联化促使汽车座舱往数字化和信息化方向发展。汽车智能座舱的交互模式已经逐步向多模态交互模式发展, 用户在驾驶过程中需要与多个交互载体进行交互, 同时, 新交互技术的应用, 为智能汽车增加了诸多功能, 也为用户提供了更多的交互选择, 以往机械按键及简单的屏幕布局已经无法满足现有的交互需求, 人机交互设计优化变得十分必要。越来越多的功能堆积, 会带来用户交互负荷的增加, 甚至会影响正常的行车安全, 这更加凸显 HMI 的重要性。为确保驾驶过程中 HMI 有利于行车安全和用户体验, 需要对 HMI 进行测试, 进而促进设计的开发迭代。目的是根据测试评估, 一方面可以对存在的问题进行排查, 精确识别存在的缺陷, 进行改善提高; 另一方面可以总结经验, 制定相对应的开发原则和设计规范, 指导 HMI的设计开发。
按 SAE 发布的 J3016 自动驾驶标准, 自动驾驶等级分为 5 级 [ 2 ] 。目前,大部分量产的智能汽车属于 Level 1-Level ${2}^{ + }$ ,仍然需要驾驶员完成周围环境监测及动态驾驶任务切换, 本文仅针对 Level 3 以下驾驶场景的 HMI 展开测试研究。
典型的 HMI 场景主要包括中控屏幕交互、语音交互、方控交互、仪表信息交互,每一种交互方式, 包含了多种功能的使用, 典型的功能使用场景包括导航、空调、音乐、电话、电台、车辆设置、 信息获取、ADAS 等。由于越来越多的功能叠加, 目前HMI的设计与呈现形式往往千变万化, 不同的汽车品牌也遵循不同的设计元素 [ 3 ] ,而且 HMI 的好与坏, 同样的产品, 不同的用户也许会有不一样甚至截然相反的观点, 如何去测试评价 HMI, 是本文主要研究的内容。
在当前的驾驶环境下, 自动驾驶还不能完全代替人为驾驶, 行车过程中驾驶员仍需保持对路况的注意力集中, 因此, 保证驾驶安全仍然是目前汽车 $\mathrm{{HMI}}$ 设计需要优先考虑的前提。其次, $\mathrm{{HMI}}$ 是搭建人与车之间沟通的桥梁, 保证人机交互的用户体验是汽车HMI需要考虑的设计基石。由此可见, 驾驶安全和用户体验是做好HMI场景设计和测试的两个重要指标。本文将从驾驶安全、用户体验角度针对测试场景进行测试用例的设计。
驾驶安全,即测试用户在使用某一项功能时, HMI 的设计是否会更有利于用户行车安全。要让用户在有限的操作时间和视觉注意力调配情况下,保障驾驶安全,提高用户操作效率。这就需要确保交互方式更自然、更直观, 适应不同场景下的用户需求, 保证用户能直观理解, 并做出快速的决策 [ 4 ]
用户体验,即测试用户在操作某一功能时, $\mathrm{{HMI}}$ 的设计是否合理,让用户能准确无误、高效率地完成操作, 并且可以尽快回到驾驶状态。用户体验要素是设计 HMI 的重要理论之一, 如 图 1 所示, 在汽车人机界面中存在由战略层、范围层、结构层、框架层和表现层构成的用户体验元素架构 [ 5 ]
随着层级上升, 元素变得更具象。战略层主要是关注汽车人机界面的战略目标和用户需求。范围层由战略层决定, 包括功能设计和内容需求。结构层包括交互设计和信息架构等, 用来设计用户到达某个页面的路径。框架层包括信息、界面和导航设计,界面元素的布局和交互方式会影响驾驶员在短时间内获取关键信息元素并作出下一步判断。表现层指产品具体细节的呈现,如字体、图标、颜色等。
驾驶安全及用户体验是比较宽泛的概念, 想要分析评价HMI对其的影响也比较复杂。目前,针对 $\mathrm{{HMI}}$ 的测试评价多基于用户问卷和访谈结果,或基于专家主观打分等主观测试评价方法, 很大程度上受主观和决策偏见影响 [ 6 ] 。本文在此测试方法基础上, 引入了客观评价参数, 使用可量化数据并结合算法对 HMI 进行测试评价, 同时结合主观评价对 HMI进行综合评价。
从客观测试评价、主观测试评价两个维度展开论述, 测试流程如 图 2 所示。
客观评价方法依托测试仪器设备, 主要从响应时间、视线离路时间、操作难度、操作快捷度 4 个方面进行评价。
车辆静止时, 通过点击触摸屏 (或语音唤醒) 启动某应用时, 从接触屏幕 (或语音命令输入结束)到应用界面完全呈现(或系统提示音)需要的时间。
$ {T}_{\mathrm{x}} = {t}_{\mathrm{f}} - {t}_{\mathrm{s}} \circ $
式中: ${T}_{\mathrm{x}}$ 为响应时间; ${t}_{\mathrm{f}}$ 为应用完全呈现(或系统提示音)时刻; ${t}_{\mathrm{s}}$ 为触控笔接触屏幕(或语音命令输入结束)时刻。
驾驶员驾驶车辆正常行驶时,需要注视 [ 7 ] 前方路面及周边路况以保证驾驶安全, 当驾驶员需要去操作某一功能时, 视线会不可避免地离开前方路面,移到中控大屏或者仪表位置,完成操作后,驾驶员视线会重新回到前方路面 [ 8 ] 。那么,在驾驶员操作这个功能的期间, 驾驶员视线离开路面的时间 ${T}_{\mathrm{s}}$ ,就会影响行车安全。
从该角度进行测试评价规程设计, 见 表 2
车辆正常行驶过程中, 当驾驶员需要去操作某一功能时, 其心理预期是顺利地、无错误地完成操作 [ 9 ] 。当需要多次操作才能完成一项任务时,会给驾驶员带来烦躁情绪,使其更快疲劳 [ 10 ] ,影响驾车体验, 严重时, 甚至会影响到行车安全。从该角度进行测试评价规程设计,见 表 3
车辆正常行驶过程中, 当驾驶员需要去操作某一功能时, 其心理预期是能快速完成操作 [ 11 ] 。当需要长时间操作才能完成一项任务时, 会给驾驶员带来急躁情绪, 使其更快疲劳, 影响驾车体验, 严重时, 甚至会影响行车安全。从该角度进行测试评价规程设计,见 表 4
根据测试场景及已经确定的评分表, 可定义各维度的权重,此处仅列举中控屏幕交互部分, 见 表 5
结合被测车型, 根据测试结果和评价标准进行打分。
$ {\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}} = \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}1}{\mathbf{a}}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}1}{\mathbf{a}}_{1}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}1}{\mathbf{a}}_{1}}\right) 。 $
$ {\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}} = \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}1}{\mathbf{b}}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}2}{\mathbf{b}}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}{25}}{\mathbf{b}}_{25}}\right) 。 $
$ {\mathbf{S}}_{C} = \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{C1}{\mathbf{c}}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{C2}{\mathbf{c}}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{C25}{\mathbf{c}}_{25}}\right) 。 $
$ {\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}} = \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}1}{\mathbf{d}}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}2}{\mathbf{d}}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{\mathbf{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}{25}}{\mathbf{d}}_{25}}\right) 。 $
$ {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{ZK}}} = {\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}} + {\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{s}} + {\mathrm{S}}_{C} + {\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}} \circ $
式中: ${\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{ZK}}}$ 为中控屏幕交互客观评价总得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{x}}$ 为响应时间客观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{\;s}}$ 为视线离路时间客观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{C}$ 为操作难度客观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{T,\mathrm{k}}$ 为操作快捷度客观评价得分。
客观评价维度对应的权重系数定义如式 (7) 所示, 该权重可以根据评价需求实际情况进行适当调整。
$ {\mathrm{a}}_{n} = {\mathrm{b}}_{n} = {\mathrm{c}}_{n} = {\mathrm{d}}_{n} = \frac{1}{25}, n = 1,2,\cdots ,{25}\text{。} $
通过以上相同的方法, 可依次得到语音交互客观得分 ${\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{YY}}}$ 、方控交互客观得分 ${\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{FK}}}$ 和仪表信息交互客观得分 ${\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{YB}}}$ 。定义各维度权重,见 表 6
根据以上权重,可以计算客观评价总得分 $\mathrm{S}$
$ \mathrm{S} = {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{ZK}}}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{ZK}}} + {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{YY}}}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{YY}}} + {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{FK}}}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{FK}}} + {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{{YB}}}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{{YY}}} \circ $
主观评价是指在尽量不使用设备的情况下, 给测试者一个明确的操作任务, 任务完成后, 根据测试者的五感和五觉, 对该任务涉及的 HMI 表现作出的评定, 再考虑各个方面的权重, 得出综合评价。 主观评价结果表明评价对象的绝对水平 [ 12 ]
在操作场景任务时, 人机交互过程中不存在需要分散驾驶员注意力或驾驶员必须花费较多时间才能理解或处理的情况 [ 13 ] ,驾驶员无紧张、害怕的情绪出现,见 表 8
驾驶员操作既定任务简单、快捷,能快速完成操作, 并快速实现预期的效果, 见 表 9
驾驶员操作时, 能一次成功, 在正确操作的情况下, 无失败的情况出现, 见 表 10
在驾驶员操作场景任务时,操作方便、舒适, 无复杂繁琐的操作。界面层级清楚, 色彩合理, 营造一种舒适的交互环境, 见 表 11
新颖且有效的交互方式, 见 表 12
结合被测试车型在各测试场景下的表现情况, 在 5 个维度下进行主观评价打分, ${\mathrm{S}}_{11} \sim {\mathrm{S}}_{55}$ 分值区间为 $1 \sim {10}$ 分,综合得分情况给出最终评价。
$ {S}_{1} = \left( {{S}_{11}{e}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{S}_{12}{e}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{S}_{18}{e}_{8}}\right) 。 $
$ {S}_{2} = \left( {{S}_{21}{f}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{S}_{22}{f}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{S}_{28}{f}_{8}}\right) 。 $
$ {S}_{3} = \left( {{S}_{31}{g}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{S}_{32}{g}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{S}_{38}{g}_{8}}\right) 。 $
$ {\mathrm{S}}_{4} = \left( {{\mathrm{S}}_{41}{\mathrm{\;h}}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{\mathrm{S}}_{42}{\mathrm{\;h}}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{\mathrm{S}}_{48}{\mathrm{\;h}}_{8}}\right) 。 \\ {\mathrm{S}}_{5} = \left( {{\mathrm{S}}_{51}{\mathrm{i}}_{1}}\right) + \left( {{\mathrm{S}}_{52}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}}\right) + \cdots + \left( {{\mathrm{S}}_{55}{\mathrm{i}}_{5}}\right) 。 \\ {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{S}} = {\mathrm{S}}_{1} + {\mathrm{S}}_{2} + {\mathrm{S}}_{3} + {\mathrm{S}}_{4} + {\mathrm{S}}_{5}\text{。} $
表 5 中控屏幕交互测试
式中: ${S}_{s}$ 为主观评价总得分; ${S}_{1}$ 为安全性主观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ 为舒适性主观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ 为便捷性主观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{4}$ 为智能化主观评价得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{5}$ 为图像界面主观评价得分。
主观评价维度对应的权重系数定义如式(15) 所示, 主观评价权重可以根据评价需求实际情况进行适当调整。
$ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} {\mathrm{e}}_{n} = \frac{1}{8}, n = 1,2,\cdots ,8 \\ {\mathrm{f}}_{n} = \frac{1}{8}, n = 1,2,\cdots ,8 \\ {\mathrm{g}}_{n} = \frac{1}{8}, n = 1,2,\cdots ,8 \\ {\mathrm{h}}_{n} = \frac{1}{8}, n = 1,2,\cdots ,8 \\ {\mathrm{i}}_{n} = \frac{1}{8}, n = 1,2,\cdots ,5 \end{array}\right. $
式中: ${\mathrm{e}}_{n},{\mathrm{f}}_{n},{\mathrm{g}}_{n},{\mathrm{\;h}}_{n},{\mathrm{i}}_{n}$ 为主观评价各分项中的权重。
需满足以下基本要求:
1)M1 类汽车;
2)中控屏像素密度, $\mathrm{{PPI}} \geq {150}$ ;
3)具备导航功能;
4)具备网络音乐功能;
5)具备网络电台功能;
6)具备手机互联或车联网功能;
7)支持应用可下载安装,应用数量≥5个。
需满足以下基本要求:
1)试验车道为双车道、直道;
2)车道长度 $\geq 2\mathrm{\;{km}}$
3)道路环境为封闭道路。
挑选 10 名不同性别、不同年龄段的测试人员, 要求驾龄≥5年,见 表 13
眼动仪:该设备由德国 Ergoneers 公司出品, 如 图 4 所示, 主要采集驾驶员的眼动数据, 对眼动数据进行分析研究。其功能包括记录所有原始数据 (包括瞳孔坐标、瞳孔尺寸、注视点坐标等),数据统计分析(包括自动计算凝视、扫视、水平搜索、 垂直搜索、注视次数、注视时间等)。本试验中主要用于测试视线离开路面的时间、操作屏幕次数和操作任务总时长。
智能交互设备:智能交互测试设备由人工嘴、 高帧摄像头、拾音器、触控笔组成,如 图 5 所示。 分别模拟人去完成说、看、听、触控动作,同时通过软件操作系统记录对应的数据, 并进行数据分析处理。本试验中主要用于测试响应时间。
视频记录设备: 采用 Papago N291 进行试验视频采集, 如 图 6 所示。
选定 4 款车型, 根据设计的测试场景及用例, 搭建好测试设备后,逐个进行测试,试验中采集响应时间、视线离路时间、操作屏幕次数、操作任务总时长等参数, 同时收集不同测试人员的主观评分表。
测试前, 需要编写测试用例, 按照测试用例执行。测试用例主要包含测试场景、试验维度、试验条件、测试步骤、数据指标等内容。试验条件为:
试验车速: ${40} \pm 5\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ ;
试验道路: 直道;
试验天气:晴。
测试过程中, 记录的数据应确保有效性, 需要确认是否存在干扰因素以及是否满足试验条件。主要的测试干扰因素有: 其他道路参与者的干扰; 被测者身体条件、身体状态干扰;测试车辆状态的干扰。主要试验条件包括试验车速、试验天气、试验设备点检情况等。若判定存在测试干扰或不满足试验条件,需要重新进行测试。如 图 7 ~9 所示。
试验过程中,可编辑试验数据记录表,见 表 14
试验完成后, 通过智能交互设备和眼动仪分析软件,进行数据分析和提取。
某车型语音响应时间结果, 某车型操作难度结果如 图 10 ~13 所示。
为消除不可控因素, 保证测试结果准确性, 本文中被测者为 10 人, 测试结果取平均值, 如式 (16)所示。
$ {\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{K}} = \frac{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{n = 1}}^{{10}}{\mathrm{\;S}}_{\mathrm{B}n}}{10}。 $
式中: ${\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{K}}$ 为该用例评价总得分; ${\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{B}n}$ 为每个被测客观评价总得分。
根据测试结果和得分, 如 图 14 所示, 可以进行车型的横向对比、最值分析和趋势分析等,以指导HMI的设计开发和对标测试工作。
挑选的不同年龄段、不同性别的 10 位测试人员, 可根据主观评分表打分后取平均值, 通过雷达图得出主观评价结果,如 图 15 ~16 所示。
本文基于典型 HMI 使用场景, 从用户角度出发,以驾驶安全和用户体验为切入点,从客观和主观两个角度对 HMI 进行测试评价。客观评价从响应时间、视线离路时间、操作难度和操作快捷度 4 个维度, 制定参数化指标, 通过测试过程中车机系统的响应快慢、驾驶员眼部和手部的活动评价HMI的优劣。主观评价从安全性、快捷性、有效性、舒适性、创新性 5 个维度通过主观测评表展开测评。测试结果表明, 该方法可行且具备较好的可操作性, 在进行 HMI 设计开发和对标测试过程中, 可按照该方法对 HMI 进行迭代更新, 从而提高汽车人机交互水平及座舱智能化水平。
未来可以研究特殊场景下驾驶员的生理、心理特征变化, 针对与 HMI 相关的可量化的生理和心理参数进行研究。
  • 重庆市人力资源和社会保障局重庆英才计划(CQYC20220207209)
  • 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司科研项目:智能驾驶系统实车测试技术能力提升(0002KTCP20230880)
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ZHOU Feng, ZHOU Jun, HE Yuewen, et al. Research on the Usability of Human-Machine Interaction Interfaces Based on KJ and ANP Methods[J]. Science and Technology and Engineering, 2015(2):243-245. (in Chinese)
2024年第14卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095–1469.2024.03.05
  • 接收时间:2023-10-20
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-20
  • 修回日期:2023-11-16
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重庆市人力资源和社会保障局重庆英才计划(CQYC20220207209)
中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司科研项目:智能驾驶系统实车测试技术能力提升(0002KTCP20230880)
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    1 智能汽车安全技术全国重点试验室 重庆 401122
    2 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 重庆 401122

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杨良义(1980年-),男,河南固始人,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为智能网联汽车测试评价技术及标准法规。Tel: 13658366596 E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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