Article(id=1153982910727181088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153982905148760948, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.2095–1469.2024.02.09, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1677686400000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-02, revisedDate=1686499200000, revisedDateStr=2023-06-12, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753060565883, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753060565883, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753060565883, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753060565883, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153982905148760948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, year='2024', volume='14', issue='2', pageStart='155', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=0, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753060564553, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757481557522, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172525893714063985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153982905148760948, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172525893714063986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153982905148760948, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=255, endPage=263, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153982911314383650, articleId=1153982910727181088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, language=EN, title=Optimizing Control and Stability of a Light Commercial Vehicle Based on MOPSO, columnId=1153756965063877395, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering, columnName=System Dynamics Section, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
To address the issue of large roll angle rates in the steadystate circular testing of a light commercial vehicle, its suspension system is optimized and improved. The multibody dynamics model of the vehicle is established using ADAMS/car. The accuracy of the suspension simulation model is verified by the antiphase parallel wheel travel test for the front suspension and theoretical calculations for the rear suspension. Through simulation analysis of the vehicle's steadystate circular test and oncenter steering test, it is concluded that the roll angle rate is higher than desired. To achieve the automated process of stability optimization analysis, a cosimulation method based on modeFRONTIER is proposed. Taking the suspension design parameters as optimization variables, and targeting the roll angle rate and yaw rate time delay as the optimization objectives, a hybrid agent model was fitted using the Latin hypercube experiment design method. This model was combined with the multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm (MOPSO) to carry out the multiobjective optimization of the suspension system, and the optimization scheme of the suspension system is obtained. The optimization results show that, while maintaining ride comfort, the roll angle rate is reduced by 13.93% and the yaw rate time delay is reduced by 2.75%, resulting in improved vehicle control and stability.
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针对某轻型商用车稳态回转时侧倾度偏大的问题对其悬架进行优化改进。基于ADAMS/car搭建整车多体动力学模型,通过前悬架反向平行轮跳试验、后悬架理论计算验证了悬架仿真模型的准确性。进行整车稳态回转工况和转向盘中间位置转向工况仿真分析,结果表明,车身侧倾度偏高。为实现操纵稳定性优化分析的流程自动化,提出了基于modeFRONTIER的联合仿真方法。以悬架设计参数为优化变量,以汽车的侧倾度与横摆角速度响应滞后时间为优化目标,采用拉丁超立方试验设计方法拟合得到混合代理模型,并结合多目标粒子群优化算法对悬架系统进行多目标优化,获得了悬架系统优化方案。优化结果显示,在不影响平顺性的前提下,汽车车身侧倾度降低了13.93%,横摆角速度响应滞后时间降低了2.75%,整车操纵稳定性得到了提升。
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2 School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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2 东南大学 网络空间安全学院 南京 211189
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侧倾力矩与侧倾角关系曲线, figureFileSmall=kNu0wlgJVkSTREINDnGNkA==, figureFileBig=64nKWujVRVYKOBYLM9jzqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951055414269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=0ROLN0rTurvXhA2sXp9uWg==, figureFileBig=Oumtcq+qcBnk+xO5SOxR6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951114134527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=
转向盘中间位置仿真结果, figureFileSmall=0ROLN0rTurvXhA2sXp9uWg==, figureFileBig=Oumtcq+qcBnk+xO5SOxR6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951164466176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=UUalnjFrvyZHIGOYRD4NeA==, figureFileBig=IHk1dXpX0DxTJ/pVVkUrNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951214797824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=
联合仿真平台, figureFileSmall=UUalnjFrvyZHIGOYRD4NeA==, figureFileBig=IHk1dXpX0DxTJ/pVVkUrNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951265128448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=B01jcNuyLXND9Ojhbd1REg==, figureFileBig=Ebva9CG0yJD5lsL9vtTGGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951369986049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=
设计参数与优化变量相关性热力图, figureFileSmall=B01jcNuyLXND9Ojhbd1REg==, figureFileBig=Ebva9CG0yJD5lsL9vtTGGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951424512002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=NuTPtpnpu/8pBfKF3SCF6A==, figureFileBig=vVi0XUSSvs7UZp1F9/JhsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951512592387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=
Pareto 解集, figureFileSmall=NuTPtpnpu/8pBfKF3SCF6A==, figureFileBig=vVi0XUSSvs7UZp1F9/JhsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153982951592284164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 值/规格 |
| 整车簧上质量/kg | 4020 |
| 轴距/mm | 3300 |
| 前轮距/mm | 1740 |
| 后轮距/mm | 1704 |
| 满载质心高度/mm | 900 |
| 轮胎型号 | 195/75R16LT |
), ArticleFig(id=1153982951663587333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=
整车基本参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 值/规格 |
| 整车簧上质量/kg | 4020 |
| 轴距/mm | 3300 |
| 前轮距/mm | 1740 |
| 后轮距/mm | 1704 |
| 满载质心高度/mm | 900 |
| 轮胎型号 | 195/75R16LT |
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| 设计参数 | 初始值 | 下限值 | 上限值 |
| 空气弹簧刚度缩放系数 ${S}_{C}$ | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| 空载空气弹簧刚度 ${S}_{\mathrm{{Cl}}}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 51.2 | 25.6 | 76.8 |
| 半载空气弹簧刚度 ${S}_{\mathrm{C}2}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 81.19 | 40.595 | 121.785 |
| 满载空气弹簧刚度 ${S}_{\mathrm{C}3}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 113.1 | 56.55 | 169.65 |
| 空气弹簧末端变化距离 ${L}_{\mathrm{{Hn}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 0 | -15 | 270 |
| 前悬减震器阻尼缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{FZ}}}$ | 1 | 0.7 | 1.3 |
| 后悬减震器阻尼缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{RZ}}}$ | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| 前横向稳定杆直径 ${D}_{\mathrm{{FA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 20 | 16 | 30 |
| 后横向稳定杆直径 ${D}_{\mathrm{{RA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 24 | 16 | 30 |
| 导向簧的高度 ${H}_{\mathrm{{LA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 20 | 15 | 25 |
| 后缓冲块的长度缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{RBL}}}$ | 1 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
| 后缓冲块的刚度缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{RBS}}}$ | 1 | 0.7 | 1.3 |
| 前悬架扭杆弹簧的刚度 ${C}_{\mathrm{T}}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 95 000 | 70000 | 120 000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153982951793610759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=
设计参数取值范围, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 设计参数 | 初始值 | 下限值 | 上限值 |
| 空气弹簧刚度缩放系数 ${S}_{C}$ | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| 空载空气弹簧刚度 ${S}_{\mathrm{{Cl}}}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 51.2 | 25.6 | 76.8 |
| 半载空气弹簧刚度 ${S}_{\mathrm{C}2}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 81.19 | 40.595 | 121.785 |
| 满载空气弹簧刚度 ${S}_{\mathrm{C}3}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 113.1 | 56.55 | 169.65 |
| 空气弹簧末端变化距离 ${L}_{\mathrm{{Hn}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 0 | -15 | 270 |
| 前悬减震器阻尼缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{FZ}}}$ | 1 | 0.7 | 1.3 |
| 后悬减震器阻尼缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{RZ}}}$ | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| 前横向稳定杆直径 ${D}_{\mathrm{{FA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 20 | 16 | 30 |
| 后横向稳定杆直径 ${D}_{\mathrm{{RA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 24 | 16 | 30 |
| 导向簧的高度 ${H}_{\mathrm{{LA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 20 | 15 | 25 |
| 后缓冲块的长度缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{RBL}}}$ | 1 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
| 后缓冲块的刚度缩放系数 ${S}_{\mathrm{{RBS}}}$ | 1 | 0.7 | 1.3 |
| 前悬架扭杆弹簧的刚度 ${C}_{\mathrm{T}}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 95 000 | 70000 | 120 000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153982951852331016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 算法类型 | 算法名称 | 输出 | |
| 传统算法 | Ploynominal SVD | RAR | 0.966 |
| YRG | 0.950 |
| YRTD | 0.903 |
| RMS | 0.875 |
| 统计算法 | Kriging | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.896 |
| YRTD | 0.885 |
| RMS | 0.897 |
| Anisotropic Kriging | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.985 |
| YRTD | 0.960 |
| RMS | 0.922 |
| DACE Kriging | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.882 |
| YRTD | 0.819 |
| RMS | 0.855 |
| Gaussian Processes | RAR | 0.957 |
| YRG | 0.913 |
| YRTD | 0.825 |
| RMS | 0.945 |
| 高级算法 | Neural Networks | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.891 |
| YRTD | 0.950 |
| RMS | 0.990 |
| Radial Basis Functions | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.973 |
| YRTD | 0.967 |
| RMS | 0.923 |
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不同类型代理模型对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 算法类型 | 算法名称 | 输出 | |
| 传统算法 | Ploynominal SVD | RAR | 0.966 |
| YRG | 0.950 |
| YRTD | 0.903 |
| RMS | 0.875 |
| 统计算法 | Kriging | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.896 |
| YRTD | 0.885 |
| RMS | 0.897 |
| Anisotropic Kriging | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.985 |
| YRTD | 0.960 |
| RMS | 0.922 |
| DACE Kriging | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.882 |
| YRTD | 0.819 |
| RMS | 0.855 |
| Gaussian Processes | RAR | 0.957 |
| YRG | 0.913 |
| YRTD | 0.825 |
| RMS | 0.945 |
| 高级算法 | Neural Networks | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.891 |
| YRTD | 0.950 |
| RMS | 0.990 |
| Radial Basis Functions | RAR | 1 |
| YRG | 0.973 |
| YRTD | 0.967 |
| RMS | 0.923 |
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| 类型 | 名称 | 优化前 | 优化后 |
| 设计参数 | ${C}_{\mathrm{r}}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 95000 | 80000 |
| ${S}_{\mathrm{{RZ}}}$ | 1 | 1.3 |
| ${D}_{\mathrm{{FA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 20 | 30 |
| ${S}_{\mathrm{C}}$ | 1 | 0.9 |
| 优化目标 | $\mathrm{{RAR}}/\left\lbrack {\left( {}^{ \circ }\right) \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{2}/\mathrm{m}}\right\rbrack$ | 0.912 | 0.785 |
| ${N}_{\phi }$ | 83.04 | 93.2 |
| YRT/s | 0.182 | 0.177 |
| 蛇形试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{S}}$ | 98.63 | 98.75 |
| 转向盘角脉冲输入试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{M}}$ | 93.49 | 95.31 |
| 转向盘角阶跃输入试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{J}}$ | 90.45 | 92.52 |
| 转向回正性试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{H}}$ | 94.22 | 95.08 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153982952062046219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=
设计参数、优化目标其他工况操纵稳定性评分对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类型 | 名称 | 优化前 | 优化后 |
| 设计参数 | ${C}_{\mathrm{r}}/\left( {\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{{mm}}}\right)$ | 95000 | 80000 |
| ${S}_{\mathrm{{RZ}}}$ | 1 | 1.3 |
| ${D}_{\mathrm{{FA}}}/\mathrm{{mm}}$ | 20 | 30 |
| ${S}_{\mathrm{C}}$ | 1 | 0.9 |
| 优化目标 | $\mathrm{{RAR}}/\left\lbrack {\left( {}^{ \circ }\right) \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{2}/\mathrm{m}}\right\rbrack$ | 0.912 | 0.785 |
| ${N}_{\phi }$ | 83.04 | 93.2 |
| YRT/s | 0.182 | 0.177 |
| 蛇形试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{S}}$ | 98.63 | 98.75 |
| 转向盘角脉冲输入试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{M}}$ | 93.49 | 95.31 |
| 转向盘角阶跃输入试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{J}}$ | 90.45 | 92.52 |
| 转向回正性试验 | ${N}_{\mathrm{H}}$ | 94.22 | 95.08 |
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| 车速/(km/h) | 总加权加速度均方根值 | 优化百分比/% |
| 优化前 | 优化后 |
| 40 | 0.2112 | 0.2067 | 2.14 |
| 60 | 0.235 5 | 0.2178 | 7.54 |
| 80 | 0.262 1 | 0.2455 | 6.34 |
| 100 | 0.295 9 | 0.2824 | 4.57 |
| 120 | 0.301 2 | 0.294 8 | 2.12 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153982952259178509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153982910727181088, language=CN, label=表 5, caption=
优化前后平顺性数据对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 车速/(km/h) | 总加权加速度均方根值 | 优化百分比/% |
| 优化前 | 优化后 |
| 40 | 0.2112 | 0.2067 | 2.14 |
| 60 | 0.235 5 | 0.2178 | 7.54 |
| 80 | 0.262 1 | 0.2455 | 6.34 |
| 100 | 0.295 9 | 0.2824 | 4.57 |
| 120 | 0.301 2 | 0.294 8 | 2.12 |
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