Article(id=1153813375076258179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153813374610690435, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.2095-1469.2024.04.06, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1692460800000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-20, revisedDate=1695398400000, revisedDateStr=2023-09-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753020145434, onlineDateStr=2025-07-20, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753020145434, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753020145434, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753020145434, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153813374610690435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, year='2024', volume='14', issue='4', pageStart='553', pageEnd='744', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=0, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753020145323, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757481646291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172526266059206864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153813374610690435, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172526266059206865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, issueId=1153813374610690435, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=622, endPage=630, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153813375508271494, articleId=1153813375076258179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, language=EN, title=State of Health Estimation for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Based on Particle Filtering Algorithm, columnId=1153813375445356933, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering, columnName=Technology and Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The aging process of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) affects its output performance, and in order to accurately control output power, it is necessary to consider the aging and power degradation trends of the PEMFC. In this paper, the powercurrent curve is used as an indicator of the state of health (SOH). Based on previous studies, improvements have been made by considering changes in opencircuit voltage during the aging process. The number of aging factors in the aging model has been increased and the mapping relationship between the PEMFC power and the aging of the internal components is established. A semimechanical power degradation model is derived based on polarization curves, and an aging rate model has been designed using the particle filter algorithm. Combining the power decay analysis, the paper estimated the fuel cell's SOH. Simulations were carried out on the test dataset and compared with experimental test data. The results show that the method can predict the longterm performance decay model. Furthermore, compared with existing research methods, the proposed method estimates the SOH and performance decay trend of PEMFCs more accurately through the use of aging rate reference values and the power decay model. With reduced training time, there is an improvement in estimation accuracy. Especially when the training time is 100 hours and the estimation time is 250 hours, the error's relative decrease rate reaches 65.69%.
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质子交换膜燃料电池的老化过程影响其输出性能,为了更精确地控制输出功率,需要考虑燃料电池的老化和功率衰退趋势。以功率电流曲线作为健康状态指标,在以往研究的基础上进行改进,考虑开路电压在老化过程中的变化,增加老化模型中老化因子的个数,建立了质子交换膜燃料电池功率和內部部件老化之间的映射关系,基于极化曲线推导了半机理功率衰减模型,并基于正则化粒子滤波算法设计了老化率模型,结合功率衰减实现对燃料电池健康状态的估计。在测试数据集上进行了仿真试验,并和试验测试数据进行对比,结果表明,该方法能对长期性能衰减模型进行预测,相比于已有的研究方法,该方法能通过老化率参考值和功率衰减模型更准确地估计质子交换膜燃料电池的健康状态和性能衰减趋势,随着训练时间的缩短,估计精度较之提升,尤其是在训练时间长度100h,估计时间长度250h,误差相对下降率达65.69%。
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周苏(1961-),男,德国籍,博士,教授,主要研究方向为新型车辆动力系统(包括燃料电池系统、动力电池和电动机)的建模、仿真、控制和诊断。Tel:15901605752 E-mail:
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高建华(1992-),男,山东潍坊人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为氢能与燃料电池、大功率燃料电池系统优化设计与故障诊断。Tel:18610399498 E-mail:godistian@tongji.edu.cn
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高建华(1992-),男,山东潍坊人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为氢能与燃料电池、大功率燃料电池系统优化设计与故障诊断。Tel:18610399498 E-mail:godistian@tongji.edu.cn
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1 同济大学 汽车学院 上海 201804)]), AuthorCompany(id=1153824263078400393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1153824263082594698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, companyId=1153824263078400393, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2 上海中侨职业技术大学 智能制造学院 上海 201514)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1153824266857468360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=S/MBAMiSn9uTW9m8hcFbdA==, figureFileBig=b4gASzbsadXkYgUY6SIW5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824266945548745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=
基于模型的 $\mathrm{{SOH}}$ 估计方法结构, figureFileSmall=S/MBAMiSn9uTW9m8hcFbdA==, figureFileBig=b4gASzbsadXkYgUY6SIW5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267025240522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=NFewZmlm2YD2nKjdLZxsBw==, figureFileBig=MmQb99uiajh1eLbFAnTh2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267113320907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=
整车仿真模型框架, figureFileSmall=NFewZmlm2YD2nKjdLZxsBw==, figureFileBig=MmQb99uiajh1eLbFAnTh2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267167846860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=7xBxMcuqUQpxKrpayJ7DWA==, figureFileBig=q+z+V0GS70xDSuZt4ByGnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267260121549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=
整车仿真模型验证, figureFileSmall=7xBxMcuqUQpxKrpayJ7DWA==, figureFileBig=q+z+V0GS70xDSuZt4ByGnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267310453198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Kt9W/NqBdoa2xL+khajNcw==, figureFileBig=si1W7upHNQpAJkxGlJ/WtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267360784847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=
本文方法和已有方法功率估计结果对比, figureFileSmall=Kt9W/NqBdoa2xL+khajNcw==, figureFileBig=si1W7upHNQpAJkxGlJ/WtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267427893712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=v3bh+BiMysJkasXnW7/YXg==, figureFileBig=3lBnFqKVZph0SONJzMscTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267490808273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=
不同时刻参考功率-电流曲线的对比, figureFileSmall=v3bh+BiMysJkasXnW7/YXg==, figureFileBig=3lBnFqKVZph0SONJzMscTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267541139922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=lhmqEnlgL7tivpWrXubUdg==, figureFileBig=BUb1GJBBkWGV9Zm1lfDGzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267587277267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=
功率一电流曲线估计结果与试验结果对比, figureFileSmall=lhmqEnlgL7tivpWrXubUdg==, figureFileBig=BUb1GJBBkWGV9Zm1lfDGzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267641803220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=rTgYxosqNoXtyVAcy6cvdQ==, figureFileBig=9UwC2AkQiPQ1iJIzKJaO7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267687940565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=
$\mathrm{{SOH}}$ 估计结果对比, figureFileSmall=rTgYxosqNoXtyVAcy6cvdQ==, figureFileBig=9UwC2AkQiPQ1iJIzKJaO7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1153824267763438038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 约束条件 | 拟合结果 |
| 单池开路电压/V | 0.9~1.2 | 0.998 2 |
| 常值系数 $a$ | $0 \sim 1$ | ${1.012}\mathrm{e} - 4$ |
| 常值系数 $b$ | $0 \sim 1$ | ${1.698}\mathrm{e} - 4$ |
| 单池交换电流密度/ $\left( {\mathrm{A}/{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}}\right)$ | 0~0.01 | ${1.010}\mathrm{e} - 3$ |
| 单池内阻/ $\left( {\Omega /{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}}\right)$ | 0~0.6 | 0.084 |
| 单池极限电流密度/ $\left( {\mathrm{A}/{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}}\right)$ | 0~1.5 | 1.3 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153824267851518423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=
半机理模型参数拟合结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 约束条件 | 拟合结果 |
| 单池开路电压/V | 0.9~1.2 | 0.998 2 |
| 常值系数 $a$ | $0 \sim 1$ | ${1.012}\mathrm{e} - 4$ |
| 常值系数 $b$ | $0 \sim 1$ | ${1.698}\mathrm{e} - 4$ |
| 单池交换电流密度/ $\left( {\mathrm{A}/{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}}\right)$ | 0~0.01 | ${1.010}\mathrm{e} - 3$ |
| 单池内阻/ $\left( {\Omega /{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}}\right)$ | 0~0.6 | 0.084 |
| 单池极限电流密度/ $\left( {\mathrm{A}/{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}}\right)$ | 0~1.5 | 1.3 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153824267906044376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| | 试验 1 | 试验 2 | 试验 3 | 试验 4 |
| 训练阶段 | 已有方法 | 0.195 | 0.146 | 0.143 | 0.125 |
| 本文方法 | 0.167 | 0.135 | 0.118 | 0.104 |
| 误差下降率/% | 14.36 | 7.53 | 17.48 | 16.80 |
| 估计阶段 | 已有方法 | 0.717 | 0.281 | 0.455 | 1.149 |
| 本文方法 | 0.246 | 0.127 | 0.247 | 0.537 |
| 误差下降率/% | 65.69 | 54.80 | 45.71 | 53.26 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153824267973153241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=
功率估计结果和测试数据结果的 RMSE, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| | 试验 1 | 试验 2 | 试验 3 | 试验 4 |
| 训练阶段 | 已有方法 | 0.195 | 0.146 | 0.143 | 0.125 |
| 本文方法 | 0.167 | 0.135 | 0.118 | 0.104 |
| 误差下降率/% | 14.36 | 7.53 | 17.48 | 16.80 |
| 估计阶段 | 已有方法 | 0.717 | 0.281 | 0.455 | 1.149 |
| 本文方法 | 0.246 | 0.127 | 0.247 | 0.537 |
| 误差下降率/% | 65.69 | 54.80 | 45.71 | 53.26 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153824268019290586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试验序号 | | 50 A | 70 A | 90 A |
| 试验 1 | 已有研究方法 | 0.452 | 0.088 | 0.124 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.068 | 0.082 | 0.086 |
| 误差下降率/% | 84.96 | 6.82 | 30.65 |
| 试验 2 | 已有研究方法 | 1.057 | 1.340 | 1.383 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.063 | 0.084 | 0.099 |
| 误差下降率/% | 94.04 | 93.73 | 92.84 |
| 试验 3 | 已有研究方法 | 1.214 | 1.551 | 1.625 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.092 | 0.202 | 0.437 |
| 误差下降率/% | 92.42 | 86.98 | 73.11 |
| 试验 4 | 已有研究方法 | 0.412 | 0.502 | 3.551 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.366 | 0.439 | 1.059 |
| 误差下降率/% | 11.17 | 12.55 | 70.18 |
), ArticleFig(id=1153824268078010843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1152916057816748034, articleId=1153813375076258179, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=
功率估计值和参考值的误差, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试验序号 | | 50 A | 70 A | 90 A |
| 试验 1 | 已有研究方法 | 0.452 | 0.088 | 0.124 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.068 | 0.082 | 0.086 |
| 误差下降率/% | 84.96 | 6.82 | 30.65 |
| 试验 2 | 已有研究方法 | 1.057 | 1.340 | 1.383 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.063 | 0.084 | 0.099 |
| 误差下降率/% | 94.04 | 93.73 | 92.84 |
| 试验 3 | 已有研究方法 | 1.214 | 1.551 | 1.625 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.092 | 0.202 | 0.437 |
| 误差下降率/% | 92.42 | 86.98 | 73.11 |
| 试验 4 | 已有研究方法 | 0.412 | 0.502 | 3.551 |
| 本文研究方法 | 0.366 | 0.439 | 1.059 |
| 误差下降率/% | 11.17 | 12.55 | 70.18 |
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